How to draw a Russian folk costume with a pencil step by step

A couple of days ago, Alena Belova wrote to me with a request to show me how to draw folk costume pencil. I have already done a lot of drawing lessons different clothes. You will see links to them below, under this lesson. And for this, I picked up a picture depicting women's festive clothes from the Tver province of the 19th century:

On the left is a sundress, shirt and belt. On the right is a girl's festive shirt with a belt. If you were asked this topic in a history lesson or from this topic, you can use this lesson:

How to draw a Russian folk costume with a pencil step by step

Step one. I sketch the main parts of the costumes. This is no different from a sketch of a person, only without the head and legs. Here it is also important to observe proportions.

Step two. We draw the shape of the dresses. Folk costumes (at least ours) were not distinguished by openness, so here almost the entire body is hidden.

Step three. Highly important point it's folds. Without them, the drawing will look like a paper dress. Try to show all possible bends and shadows from them on the dress.

Step four. Another one distinguishing feature folk costume is an abundance of patterns. It's not just some fiction from Armani or Gucci. Each pattern means something. It is difficult to draw them, but if you do not, it will be difficult for the viewer to determine: is this a dress of some young lady or a folk costume? And so, looking only for a second, anyone will determine without errors.

In the preparatory group, as part of the drawing classes, preschoolers are offered such an interesting, albeit complex topic as the image of a doll in a national costume. Beyond development artistic skills, such work is of great educational and educational value- introduces children to the culture and life of the Russian people and thereby awakens patriotic feelings in them.

Aspects of drawing on the topic "Doll in Russian folk costume" in the senior group of the preschool educational institution

Preschoolers try to depict anthropomorphic objects from an early age. At first, these are primitive works according to the principle “Stick, stick, cucumber, here comes the little man!”. However, in order for development to go further, systematic work of the educator in this direction is necessary. Learning the art of drawing a portrait is inextricably linked with the development of perception and imagination. The teacher must find techniques that will arouse children's interest in the image of a person.

Of course, preschoolers are intimidated by the task of drawing a person, because they are afraid that they will fail. The task of the educator is to overcome this fear and replace it with a pleasant creative process. It is ideal to start the image not with a human figure, but with something similar to it. So, in the middle link, the guys are happy to draw a nesting doll, a snowman. They know well what parts these objects consist of, and learn to depict a face. Next, it is proposed to draw a Snow Maiden in a wide fur coat and with her hands.

AT senior group there is a detailed acquaintance with the portrait, children learn the proportions of the face, ways of conveying the character and mood of a person. They draw themselves, parents, friends, fairy tale characters.

In the preparatory group, the guys improve their ability to depict anthropomorphic creatures from nature and from memory. Children 6-7 years old already notice well characteristics objects and objects and transfer them to artistic images. At this age, in a drawing lesson, preschoolers are offered such a complex, but interesting topic, as "Doll in national costume". As a rule, this is drawing from nature or based on illustrations. Note that the guys do not depict a person, but a doll. This makes the work a little easier, since the proportions of the structure of the body and face will not be so strict here: for example, the head can be large, as well as the eyes, mouth, palms.

When conducting this lesson, the teacher should focus on examining the doll in appropriate clothing. The form of a sundress is discussed in detail (if it is Russian National Costume), shirts, headwear, shoes. The teacher also focuses on the location of the arms, legs, and the shape of the head. The doll's head in the picture can have an oval or round shape. To portray a face, children must visually (or pencil) divide it into three parts: forehead, eyes and nose, lips with chin. The teacher can remind the children how eyes are drawn (draw them on the board), remind them that the nose can only be indicated by its tip (nostrils or a short dash).

Sometimes children are offered a schematic drawing of a doll: using a circle (head) and several lines (body parts). Then this scheme is outlined by the missing elements, including clothing. Another option is drawing with ovals or arcs.

Staged image

In the preparatory group, it is especially important to give children the opportunity to show creative initiative, creative fantasy, to encourage the independent choice of the color scheme of the drawings. So, for example, the guys independently choose the color and nature of the pattern of the sundress of the Russian beauty, as well as her kokoshnik. Note that in given age preschoolers already know a lot of shades, such as lemon, sand, light green, etc.

An important point of the lesson in the preparatory group is the analysis finished works. By examining their drawings, children learn to see them. strengths and disadvantages. Together with the teacher, the guys discuss what can be done better than to complement the composition.

Used materials and base

In the preparatory group, the set of materials with which children can work in the process is expanding. visual activity. Their combination in one drawing contributes to the creation of an expressive image. Since the image of a doll in a national costume requires detailed drawing, it is advisable to additionally use felt-tip pens or gel pens. With the help of these tools, you can outline facial features or intricate patterns on a sundress and kokoshnik.

Such a subject of the image as a doll requires a preliminary sketch with a simple pencil. This is especially true when working with paints. As for the eraser, which is sometimes offered to preschoolers in the preparatory group, it is better not to give it, as children often use it irrationally and spoil the drawing.

As a basis for drawing a doll in a national costume, the teacher offers the children sheets of paper. standard size. When drawing with paints, they are tinted in advance in pastel shades. Working with colored pencils, children can complete the composition with a suitable background.

Drawing techniques and techniques to be used when drawing a doll in a national costume in the preparatory group

In the preparatory group, the image technique is further improved. Hand movements become more free and precise, smooth and rhythmic.

A sketch with a simple pencil is done with fairly quick hand movements, with a light unbroken line (to make it easy to correct inaccuracies). By the way, it will be useful if the child completes a few test sketches on a draft.

When drawing with a pencil, the guys practice in a smooth turn of the hand - this is necessary to depict rounded lines. Preschoolers learn to draw long lines without interruption, as well as to depict large forms. Small parts(facial features, ornament on a sundress) are drawn using short lines and strokes.

Similarly improved different ways work with a brush (all pile and tip) when painting with gouache or watercolor. Preschoolers develop technical skills by learning how to mix paints to create interesting hues.

Used additional types of visual activity when drawing a doll in a national costume in the preparatory group, the relevance of an individual approach

In the preparatory group, the features of the development of children are already clearly visible; some preschoolers have pronounced abilities and interest in visual activity. Such children, no doubt, need to be encouraged, to further stimulate their desire for artistic creativity. One of the ways is to offer them to diversify the composition with additional applicative or plasticine elements.

For example, a sundress or kokoshnik of a Russian beauty can be decorated with plasticine elements (thin ornate flagella or small balls) or shiny sequins can be glued on.

Drawing can be combined with applique, especially when it comes to a collective composition: the drawn figurines of young ladies are painted, cut out, supplemented with applique details and pasted onto a common background.

Drawing with appliqué elements

Specific options for compositions within the theme "Doll in national costume" in the preparatory group

Drawing on the topic is traditionally offered to pupils preparatory group at the beginning school year(September). This theme can be interpreted somewhat: children can portray beauties from Russian folk tales, for example, Alyonushka, Vasilisa, Maryushka (they will also be dressed in Russian folk costume).

If the guys live in an area where there are their own characteristics of the national costume, then they can be reflected in the drawing, for example, “Chuvash costume”, “Mordovian outfit”.

By the way, shortly before the “Doll in National Costume” lesson, the children can separately depict national headdresses or color the proposed patterns: this way they will practice making patterns and mixing colors. In the same way, you can practice drawing Russian folk shoes - bast shoes.

An interesting idea is to invite the children, after drawing the Russian national costume, to depict the traditional outfit of some other country (for example, Ukraine, China, India, etc.). Note that such an activity requires a detailed cognitive conversation. Depicting puppets different nationalities, children should use such expressive means as conveying the color of skin and hair, the shape of the eyes. The teacher must demonstrate to preschoolers a doll in an appropriate costume or its image.

If desired, the theme "Doll in national costume" can be arranged as a collective composition, for example, "Round dance". Children draw young ladies in a Russian folk costume, then cut them out and stick them on the base (the teacher thinks out in advance a suitable background (meadow with green grass, flowers, etc.). As a simplified version, the children can be given templates that they should color.

Possible options for a motivating start to a lesson: looking at pictures, talking about questions, a fairy tale, poems, etc.

Even in the preparatory group, play remains the leading type of children's activity. And the teacher should not forget about this when building a lesson. Game motivation plays a very important role.

For example, the teacher tells the children that dolls came to visit them, but they are dressed in a strange way. It turns out they came from the past. After all, this is how people who lived in Russia long ago dressed. Our grandmothers wore sundresses to the floor, and grandfathers wore a shirt with a belt. The motivation for the guys will be the request of the dolls to take a picture of them, because in the distant past there were no cameras.

Dolls in male and female Russian national costume

Doll in Russian folk costume

Another option is that the dolls (for example, Arina and Danila) are going to the fair and want to dress up better. After all, at fairs people had fun, danced. Children draw them beautiful clothes, the emphasis is placed on its decoration (sleeve, hem of a sundress, collar of a man's shirt).

She can come to visit preschoolers - it can be Alyonushka, Vasilisa the Beautiful or Maryushka (doll or picture). The teacher emphasizes how slender, graceful, ruddy, with a long blond braid. The teacher tells the children that earlier such beauties were called “swan”, “peafowl”, “birch tree”, “berry” (there is a replenishment vocabulary preschoolers). The heroine tells the children sad story: Baba Yaga or an evil witch stole and burned her most beautiful sundress. Children always respond vividly to someone else's misfortune and strive to help - they will gladly draw a beauty new outfit even more beautiful than before.

The heroine of a Russian folk tale

The heroine of a Russian folk tale

Drawing lessons can be started with an informative conversation about Russian national clothes. It will be interesting for children to know that embroidery and the patterns with which it was decorated had special meaning. People believed that embroidery not only adorned, but also protected from evil forces - it was a talisman. These were wavy lines, circles, crosses. The craftswomen also embroidered trees, birds, and animals. The motivation after such a story will be an offer for children to draw their favorite doll in an outfit that will protect her from all evil.

traditional element pattern of clothes Traditional element of the pattern of clothes Traditional element of the pattern of clothes Traditional Russian embroidery

In addition, the children can be told that the red color in the Russian national costume was present in a huge variety of shades. And in combination with green, red seemed even more juicy and festive. The red color symbolized fire, and fire can give both joy (warmth) and sorrow (fire). It is also the color of love.

Illustration to use in class

Original Russian shoes of peasants

If children draw the national costume not of Russia, but of some other country, then it is imperative to show them the appropriate pictures, and even better, a doll in such clothes.

Doll in national costume

Thematic Pictures Poster paper toys dolls

The motivation for drawing an elegant doll, of course, can be gleaned from fiction. A fairy-tale grandmother (disguised teacher) can come to visit the children and tell them a fairy tale about the merchant Sadko. He had three beautiful daughters. When Sadko was going to distant countries for goods, his daughters ordered him to bring a golden crown, a beautiful shirt and a sundress embroidered with patterns and ribbons. In a foreign country, the merchant was looking for these gifts for a long time, and finally found and bought them. But the daughters, when they saw the new clothes, began to envy each other: each wanted her to have a sundress, a shirt, and a crown. And so he asked the storyteller to turn to the children - let them help him and draw beautiful outfits for their daughters.

We also recommend modern fairy tale Larisa Sergeeva According to the plot of the work, a Sarafan-master lived at one end of the village, and a Simple Shirt lived at the other. The sundress was tired of lying in the chest, waiting for the hostess to get it and put it on, and decided to visit the Shirt. She was very pleased with the guest, put the samovar. They sat down to drink tea, and Sarafan asked Shirt why she was so kind and handsome. She replied that the owner puts it on the body and warms it with his soul. The shirt, in turn, protects a person from evil spirits with the help of a collar (this is a collar and cuffs). And so that the cold does not get inside, the belt helps. The sundress thought and thought and became friends with the shirt - and now they always go together.

After reading this short fairy tale, it will be even more interesting for children to portray native Russian items of clothing.

Fairy tale illustration

You can also start the lesson with a poem. For example, the following lines are of interest:

Prigotskaya Svetlana

Turn around, golden-winged sundress,
To the full extent, to the full extent, to the full extent.
And in the harsh years of Russia
The women spun a harsh thread.
Here in such a homespun outfit
A mother of many children was going to church.
Sundress-breadth is what you need -
You can cover the field with canvas!
Oh, you, dear, curly, desired,
Play the harmonica more fun!
Maidens in colored sundresses floated
Among rainbows, meadows and fields.
All ruddy, like nesting dolls,
Round dances were endless ...
Not one harmonica rejoiced -
Choose your favorite young man!
And what ditties they sang!
And handkerchiefs flew out of my hands!
Our grandmother has become old,
She put her sundress in a chest.
My mother tried on a sundress,
She said: oh, I would dance!
Thickets of the village with weeds,
And the harmonica has not been heard for a long time.
You won't hear funny ditty,
The young are now in the cities...
In the village, the old woman will tell
About past round dance years!

http://chto-takoe-lyubov.net/stikhi-o-lyubvi/kollektsii-stikhov/11499-stixi-pro-sarafan

L.A. Kruglova

Dolls, young ladies, nesting dolls

Everyone lives next to us.

Surprise, admire

And they do not give rest.

We sew clothes for all dolls

Studying antiquity.

Let's know from which side

We are in a dream or in reality.

Together with the nomadic people

We set up a yurt and wait for guests.

We drink tea from a samovar

And the nomad drinks koumiss.

We go to the house to rest

And the nomad lay down in kuizi

Well, try to take a look.

People live differently...

Everyone sings in their own way

Wear different clothes

Believe in God as always...

http://nsportal.ru/detskiy-sad/okruzhayushchiy-mir/2012/10/18/kukly-v-natsionalnykh-kostyumakh

Ditties about bast shoes:

Oh, my bast shoes
my paws,
Gardens you dug
Came here to dance."

"Walk Matthew
Do not feel sorry for the bast shoes.
Live until Saturday
You will earn new bast shoes.

Note that on the eve of drawing a doll in a folk costume, it is good to offer preschoolers didactic games on this topic. For example, during the game “Dress the doll in a national costume”, children remember the features traditional clothes different peoples.

Didactic game"Dress the doll in the national costume" Didactic game "Dress the doll in the national costume" Didactic game "Dress the doll in the national costume" Didactic game "Dress the doll in the national costume" Didactic game "Dress the doll in the national costume" Didactic game "Dress the doll in the national costume" costume" Didactic game "Dress the doll in a national costume"

Since it is mandatory to conduct physical education or finger gymnastics before productive activities, we present the following wonderful option:

Lesson notes

Examples of finished works of pupils of the preparatory group on the topic "Doll in national costume" with comments on the performance of the work

The drawings “Russian Beauty”, “Russian Folk Costume”, “Ivan da Marya” (all of them are made in watercolor) show us the national clothes of our Motherland. The work "Russian Beauty" is permeated positive mood: Complemented by a bright, soft blue sky. We see a familiar Russian attribute - a slender birch in the foreground. The doll in the picture is depicted in a traditional bright red sundress, her long blond braid fluttering.

From ancient times in Russia, on every piece of utensils, on every clothes, as well as on houses, various elements, symbols were depicted, which formed patterns. Every detail had its own meaning and place. This is how Russian was formed folk pattern.

Historical information about the Russian folk pattern

It should be understood that there are two terms - pattern and ornament. And it wasn't the same from the beginning. Even now, not every pattern can be called an ornament. For example, if it is a constantly repeating pattern (rapport).

In Russia, it was believed that the pattern is much deeper, it means more. The word ornament is borrowed from Latin, and it appeared much later and means decoration. In Russia, he had an analogue - “decorations”. It was believed that it was intended for decoration of decorative styling. However, in the future, these two concepts intertwined and began to complement each other.

Russian folk pattern is a combination of various lines, symbols, and other elements that can either be repeated or be in a single version. Patterns may vary from place to place. So, in the eastern regions in Russia, in the pattern you can find such an element as the “Indian cucumber”, which is still popular today.

Also, each locality had its own color scheme patterns and ornaments.

Signs and symbols in the Russian pattern

If we consider the Russian folk pattern from the point of view of symbolism, then we can say that not a single element is depicted there just like that. Each has its own meaning and is in its place.

The most popular symbols in the pattern are:

• Star Alatyr, or, as it is also called, the cross of Svarog. It has eight petals and symbolizes the Universe, its cycles of folding and unfolding.
• Also very popular is the symbol of Beregini (Rozhanitsa). it schematic representation women who protect.
• Highly significant symbol is which is sometimes also called the World Tree. It combines the world axis, the universe and the genus.
• Everyone knows In the days of Hitler, the swastika became a symbol of war and fascism, but initially this was not at all the case.
• Also popular is the Orepey symbol, which is a comb-shaped rhombus. This symbol brings happiness, balance and peace of mind.
• In addition, flowers, stars, spirals and other symbols are used in the pattern and ornament, each of which has a certain meaning, enhancing the positive and protective energy of a person.

In addition to the above elements, there are many others. In addition, almost all patterns of the scheme are quite diverse. One and the same symbol can be represented in different ways, while maintaining, however, common features and lines. This is how whole protective phrases arise, as well as short stories or conspiracies.

The sacred meaning of the pattern

You should know that the same symbol, but depicted in different parts clothes, could have different meaning. For example, the Orepei sign, depicted in the elbow area on women's clothing, denoted an ancestor. If he was depicted on the hem, then he was the entrance to the other world.

They also symbolically depicted the ancient gods, who moved in chariots. They were harnessed to various animals that personified a particular deity.

Some Russian patterns (photo below) carried a certain code in their numerical repeatability. So, the following numbers were important:

• three (Absolute, Trinity, time, space);
• four (cardinal points, seasons);
• seven (symbol of harmony);
• twelve.

In such patterns and ornaments, the attitude towards mother nature of our ancestors is also manifested. With their images, they seemed to ask her for protection and patronage from various evils, troubles and misfortunes.

Where are Russian folk patterns used?

The use of patterns is quite varied. They are used in towels, napkins, for painting utensils, houses, when carving wood and metal. In the old days, not a single object was left without a drawing.

Russian patterns (there are photos in our review) are not only the beauty of the object, but also protection, a talisman of its owner. It is known that even before the emergence of writing, people already depicted on utensils various symbols(diamonds, lines, dots).

Differences in patterns in different regions

Each region of Russia has its own history of painting, embroidery, patterns and ornaments. Consider the Russian folk pattern (pictures of some will be presented below) for some types and areas:

• Gzhel painting - blue and white colors are characteristic in drawings that are made on ceramic and porcelain products;
• painting, which is famous for the village of Zhostovo, on metal trays;
• very interesting Khokhloma painting various patterns, it is characterized by a golden color (there are also red, yellow and orange);
• in addition, in many regions they made their own, special toys (Dymkovo, Kargopol, Stary Oskol), each of which had its own, unique pattern in the painting;
• Pavlovsky Posad shawls are also very famous, which are made in red and black colors, with floral patterns.

And these are not even all the well-known crafts where the Russian folk pattern is used.

The most ancient patterns

The most ancient patterns include a combination of various signs, which in the old days had a special meaning and were not simply applied to any product. Each family had its own set of embroideries, paintings, which were passed down from generation to generation. They even have a special meaning for the family, to be its own symbol. Of course, over time, knowledge was lost.

Ancient Russian patterns breathe on us with mystery, the power of amulets, the meaning of each curl or sign.

Now a lot of people are collecting similar images that make sense in their piggy bank.

How to start drawing Russian folk patterns

Now people are increasingly turning to our ancestral heritage, wanting to revive lost traditions. For example, many people are wondering how to draw a Russian pattern. Where to start?

First, you should understand that in Russia there are many painting and embroidery techniques that have their own characteristics. For beginners, you need to take patterns that are not very complex, having a repeating pattern. So it will be easier to capture its very essence.

Before drawing itself, you need to practice with its simple components: dots, lines, strokes, droplets, loops, etc. In fact, the most difficult pattern consists of the above details. Of these simple shapes after some time of training, it will be possible to create more complex ones.

In order to understand how to draw a Russian pattern, you should not rush. Some shapes may indeed seem complicated, but remember that they are all made up of simple ones. Lay out the repeating pattern first on the details, start depicting it from the lightest and most basic, for example, a point. Gradually draw other shapes around it, and so at the very end you can get your finished pattern. Take a look at the photo below, which shows all the stages of drawing. And make sure that this process is not so complicated.

Thus, you can learn how to create ornaments and patterns yourself. In principle, you can take ready-made schemes, and then transfer them to the surface.

Using patterns on household items

Also, patterns and ornaments in ancient times were also made on household items, household utensils. For example, in Russia, a six-petal rosette was depicted on salt shakers. It had a symbolic meaning. This rosette denoted the sun, and salt was considered to be associated with it. Also, her image was often found on spinning wheels, as a symbol of endless time.

In addition to the symbolic painting of utensils, there was also a simple decoration of the product. Of course, it did not appear immediately, but the technique was developed over the years.

It should be noted that some patterns, the schemes of which are quite complex, are still made by craftsmen. This, for example, Khokhloma painting, which looks very beautiful and rich. However, its production is quite complex and multi-stage.

Using patterns in embroidery

Russian embroidery in Russia traditionally not only decorates clothes, towels, bedspreads and other linen products, but also is a talisman. The interweaving of patterns is by no means random. All symbols are in their place.

In addition, the color of the thread that is used matters in embroidery. Let's consider some points:

• to protect the baby, an embroidered rooster or horse in red or black colors is suitable;
• for successful activity, embroidery should be done in blue or golden-green tones;
• woolen embroidery is suitable if there are already some energy holes, it is done in the area of ​​the human chakras;
• linen is used for appeasement, trees, birds, stars or the sun are embroidered with it;
• for women in embroidery, you need to use black to protect yourself from infertility;
• for men - green (protects from wounds), blue (protects from the elements).

In addition, symbols are also used in embroidery - a cross (a barrier and protection from evil), a star (heavenly fire), a circle (denoting fertility, abundance and motherhood) and others.

Thus, Russian embroidery is a whole set of knowledge that our ancestors used in antiquity, protecting themselves, their relatives and their family.

The use of patterns on clothes in the old days

Probably the most famous application of pattern and ornament is Even the most ignorant person in this matter will recognize this embroidery. True, colors and patterns again vary by region.

For example, the more south the area, the brighter people's clothes were. This was due to the fact that earlier paint was of natural origin, and the warmer it was, the greater the diversity in the possibilities to produce it.

If we talk about men's and women's clothing, then the first had almost no differences in the regions, except for preferences in color and pattern. But women's clothing was quite varied and varied considerably.

And also embroidery of various animal figurines was very popular in the northern part of Russia. But the southern ones had more colored embroidery (often red).

The use of Russian folk pattern in modern clothes

Russian folk pattern on clothes periodically returns to fashion. Well-known fashion designers produce collections with folk motifs (for example, in 1976, the Russian Collection from Yves Saint Laurent).

In our time, Russian patterns have long been a priority for true connoisseurs. In addition to colorful traditional ones, bright floral (or other folk) prints are used. I remember the old patterns that craftswomen embroider on clothes for their family and friends. Also, you can certainly order similar clothes for yourself if you wish.

Also, products that have long earned recognition both in quality and style (for example, Pavlovo Posad shawls) remain popular.

Thus, the Russian pattern simply cannot go into oblivion. His influence on the people is undeniable, this is his legacy, and someday he will rightfully take his rightful place in the hearts of people. After all, ancient Russian patterns truly carry the harmony and beauty that was known to our ancestors. It is also our history, which should not be forgotten.

Goals:

1. To acquaint with the history and traditions of Russian folk holidays.
2. Cultivate respect, develop interest in folk art.
3. To fix the concept of “ornament”, its types.
4. Improve visual skills, the ability to work with gouache.

Visibility: images of Russian folk costumes, ornaments, a panel depicting a rural square, an audio recording of “Ringing Bells”, patterns of human figures, proverbs on the board:

1. You can't feed a chicken, and you can't dress up a girl.
2. The woman's shirts are the same bags: tie up the sleeves, but put whatever you want.
3. They praise silk on a girl when the girl herself has a sense.

I. Organizational moment.

II. Lesson topic announcement

a) conversation

Every nation has holidays. They reveal the soul of a person, his character. In Russia they loved holidays. They met spring and saw off winter, celebrated the completion of field work, and sometimes just the end of the working day. Holidays have always been fun filled with music, singing, games and dancing. Every evening people different ages they gathered in the evening at someone's hut and sang and danced (danced) there. The song and dance repertoire was very rich and varied. For all seasons, for all calendar holidays there were songs, games, dances, fun, nursery rhymes. Often, incantations, jokes, jokes were invented on the spot, on the move - they improvised, especially ditties.

A holiday is not only songs and dances.

How else is this day different from ordinary everyday life? / outfits /

the day before festivities heavy chests were thrown open. The more they were stuffed, the richer the owner of the house was considered. All festive clothes were necessarily decorated with embroidery elements, beads, sequins, which, as a rule, was not in everyday clothes. By the clothes it was possible to judge the taste and skill of the craftswoman, because the peasant woman made the outfit herself<рисунок 1>.

What a variety of festive outfits!

And what do they have in common? (patterns)

How else can you call it? (ornament)

Any Russian costume in the old days was certainly decorated with ornaments and embroidery.

Let's remember what types of ornament do you know?

/plant and geometric/

Attention to the board. Here are the patterns (they can simply be drawn on the board with colored chalk.) Which of them will not be ornaments? Why? /in the ornament, the elements are depicted in a certain order, rhythmically./

Game "Compose a melody to the ornament."

b) STORY about Russian folk costumes.

Let's take a closer look at the outfits.

The basis of any Russian costume was a shirt<рисунок 1и 2>. Shirts with a fastener on the side were called blouses. These were usually worn by men. Also, their outfit included pants that were tucked into boots or onuchi (a piece of fabric), and bast shoes were worn on top of the onuchi.

The shirt was wide and was decorated along the hem, along the collar, along the edge of the sleeves with embroidery. And be sure to tie it with a sash.<рисунок 2>.

Belts performed many functions: they spoke about the well-being of a person, and were also a reward and a gift, and were inherited. Festive shirts were embroidered with silk colored threads. Preference was given to red (as a talisman).

Particular importance was attached to the location of the picture. For example:

• chest patterns - protected the heart and lungs,
• shoulder - guarded the hands,
• bottom - did not allow evil forces to get through from below.

In the central and northern regions of Russia, women wore a sundress for the holidays.<рисунок 3>.

The smooth lines of the sundress seemed to flow, making the woman look like a swan. No wonder in songs and fairy tales they are called swans.

The festive attire also included the so-called dushegrey - epanechki or shorts - short blouses with straps, similar to sarafans<рисунок 4>.

And in the southern regions of Russia, fashionistas wore a pony complex<рисунок 5>.

Poneva - skirt. She always dressed over a shirt, then came an apron, and then a top.

The apron was generously decorated with embroidery<рисунок 6>.

Red prevailed. This is the color of fire, the sun, magical, beautiful, a symbol of salvation and a sign of a barrier to evil forces. This color was supposed to scare away demons and spirits that have a human appearance, store and protect the owner from various misfortunes.

The top is an outer garment worn in autumn or spring. The tip was not girdled<рисунок 7>.

And finally, hats.

They were clearly divided into girls' and married women's dresses:

Kokoshniki, ribbons, wreaths /girls/.

Koruna, magpie, kichka /female/.

In the names of headdresses, one can hear a relationship with a bird: kokoshnik, kichka, magpie. And this is no coincidence. Remember fairy tales: a swan, a white swan, like a peacock.

c) Work with proverbs.

III. Practical work – creation of a collective panel on the theme “Holiday in the village”.

Students are given figurines depicting people and need to make them festive clothes.

Task differentiated:

1 group: colorize ready-made figurines, already “dressed” - a task for slow-moving children and those who have difficulty with self-image. Design your own ornament.

2 group: “Dress” paper figurine, i.e. design and draw your own festive outfit.

Group 3 (children who draw well): portray figure of a man in a festive costume.

The main condition is the presence of an ornament in clothes.

Finished works are glued onto a pre-prepared panel depicting a rural square with a cathedral and peasant houses. /Audio recording “Ringing bells” - people gather in the cathedral square./

IV. Outcome.

Everything in life changes, but the holiday remains. And although he can cope in different ways, the main thing remains - joy, special excitement, fun, elegant clothes, gifts, songs and dances, which are now sometimes mysterious to us. However, these traditions are unusual and special. They need to be remembered and known.

Did you remember?

This is what we are going to check now.

Children are given cards-arrows with words-names of the Russian language. folk clothes:

- shirt	- epanechka	- kokoshnik
- sash	- short	- coruna
- kosovorotka	- poneva	- magpie
- onuchi	- apron	- kitsch.
- sundress	- tip

It is necessary to connect the arrow cards with the items of clothing in the pictures so that they match the names.

V. Evaluation of works.

Description how to draw a Tatar national costume with a pencil step by step

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