Educational project "monuments of the city of Desnogorsk". Research work "Monuments of our city."

Municipal budgetary educational institution "Secondary school No. 16" Authors of the project: Bivol Antonina Shilina Angelina Leaders: Koenig T.V. The relevance of the topic is due to the constant interest younger generation to the history of the city, the feat of people whose lives are connected with the history of the development and construction of the city. Preserving the memory, we do not just perceive history as a series of dates and events, but we feel our involvement in the exploits of our fathers and grandfathers, in the history of our city, in the history of Russia. National historical memory preserves ethical and moral traditions. Such memory acts as a measure of conscience, a moral dominant. Without memory there is no conscience. The purpose of the project: to awaken the interest of the younger generation in the history of the city, expressed in monuments and monuments, the formation of an active citizenship through the study of the history of the city. How much memory is in a person, So much is a person in him. V. Rasputin In September 2007, the cadet class of our school initiated the action "Monuments of our city". Taking care of the monument to soldiers - internationalists, we realized that we know little about the monuments that are in our city. We decided to correct this injustice and collected the material presented in the presentation. Monuments of monumental art in Balakovo began to be built only in Soviet time . The basis for the development of projects and their practical implementation was initiated by V.I. Lenin’s plan for monumental propaganda, embodied in the decree of the Council of People’s Commissars of the Russian Federation of April 12, 1918 “On the removal of monuments erected in honor of the tsars and their servants, and the development of projects for monuments of the Russian Socialist Revolution.” (Slide) The obelisk was built by decision of the district committee of the party and the executive committee district Council on the day of the celebration of the 10th anniversary of the October Revolution - November 7, 1927. Initially, the obelisk was made of wood. the monument is a combination of three-dimensional geometric shapes. There are no memorial inscriptions on the monument. In 1926, at the request of the staff, the former plant of I. Mamin No. 18 of the city of Balaakovo united by mechanical plants was given the name of the chairman of the Supreme Economic Council of the USSR and the OGPU F.E. Dzerzhinsky. A bust was erected at the entrance of the plant, and in 1937 a monument was unveiled. At the same time, monuments to V.I. Lenin, and I.V. Stalin. All three monuments had the same size of figures and pedestals, they were created according to the project of one sculptor (unknown). In 1956, after the XX Congress of the CPSU, the monument to I.V. Stalin was demolished and drowned in one of the reservoirs. Monument to V.I. Lenin is moved to the territory of the enterprise On May 7, 1970, a monument to machine builders who died during the Great Patriotic War was opened on the territory of the enterprise. Initially, the stele depicted a soldier bowing his head over a wall with the names of comrades who died in battles for the Motherland (55 names). Additionally, two cast-iron plates with the names of 13 more machine builders who died in the Second World War were cast and installed next to the wall of the monument. Installed in 1938. The authors of the project are unknown. It was established on the initiative of local communists with the support of the workers of the city on the site of the Edinoverie church destroyed in 1936. IN AND. Lenin appears before the viewer in the form of a leader thinker. The appearance, facial expressions of his face express calmness, firmness and confidence in the rightness of his cause. On the territory of the Shipyard, a stele was erected in honor of the workers of the plant who died in the Second World War. In 1967, a memorial plate cast from metal with the inscription: “Glory to the workers of the Balakovo Shipyard who died for the freedom of our Motherland” was fixed on it. an image of a bird An anchor removed from a decommissioned vessel is fixed on the monument.Next to the obelisk there is a metal stand on which 138 names of the Shipyard workers who died during the Second World War are written. The monument was opened in the fall of 1957 on the eve of the 40th anniversary of the October Revolution on the former Khlebnaya Square (now the square of 20 years of the Komsomol). Sculptors Nikolai Grigorievich Shashlov and Vladimir Georgievich Kurdov At the foot of the monument there is a metal memorial plate with a star at the top and a laurel branch at the bottom. On the slab there is an inscription of letters cast from metal: "Here are buried active participants in the formation Soviet power in Balakovo: Chapaev Grigory Grigoriev Mikhail Mironov Ivan Lavrentiev Ivan Rodichev Petr and others. "Monument - a bust of Vasily Ivanovich Chapaev, commander of the 25th division, an active participant civil war 1918-1922, who lived in the city from 1897 to 1913, was opened on November 7, 1957,. The monument is installed in the courtyard of the house - museum of V.I. Chapaev (opened in 1948). Sculptor Komarov. The obelisk in honor of the Balakovo soldiers who died during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) was opened on May 9, 1975 on the day of the 30th anniversary of the Victory. The author of the memorial complex is Taras Grigoryevich Botyanovsky. The right to light the Eternal Flame was given to Vladislav Pankov, holder of four Orders of the Red Star, veteran of the Great Patriotic War, honorary citizen of the city of Balakovo. When the obelisk was opened, a capsule with lists of the names of Balakovo residents who went missing during the war years was immured into the wall. The central square of the city had no monumental buildings for a long time. With the active participation of the Hero of Socialist Labor, the head of the department "Saratovgesstroy" Maksakov A.I. a bronze statue of V.I. Lenin, dismantled in the city of Nesterov, Lviv region. Sculptors V. Podolsky, Y. Skakun, L. Yaremchuk. On April 22, 1991, the statue of V.I. Lenina took her place on a pedestal installed on the main square of the city. Memorial Poklonny Cross The monument was opened on September 13, 1997. Sculptor Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Klykov. The worship cross acts as a sign in memory of Methodius and Cyril and the unity of all Slavic peoples. In form, it is a stylized cross in a circle, going back to the ancient Christian symbol of the "Faith that saves the world." The author of the project, architect Sergei Alexandrovich Snezhinsky, was opened on September 10, 1999. In the center of the stylized cross there is a through square hole, inside which a bell is hung. Every anniversary of the Chernobol tragedy on April 26, Chernobyl survivors and residents of the city gather at the monument and the bell ringing is heard in memory of the victims of radiation disasters. The monument was inaugurated on the Day of Memory and Sorrow - June 22, 2000. This date is engraved on a memorial plaque attached at the base of the structure. On June 22, 2004, the monument was supplemented with a marble pylon in the form of a parallelogram and a memorial plaque. The inscription is engraved on the pylon: "In memory of those who did not return from the war. In 2010, in honor of the 20th anniversary of the withdrawal Soviet troops from afghanistan the monument was changed. A marble plaque with the image of a grieving mother appeared on it. Monument People's Artist USSR, honorary citizen of the city of Balakovo Evgeny Alekseevich Lebedev (1917-1997, Sculptor Vladimir Anatolyevich Palmin, opened on June 1, 2001 near the building of the Balakovo Drama Theater. Balakovo in honor of people and events. Preserving the memory, we do not just perceive history as a series of dates and events, but feel the involvement in the exploits of fathers and grandfathers, in the history of our city in the history of Russia. And therefore we urge to look back, because there is not an empty place , but the centuries-old history of the people, referring to which we will better understand the present. And we need to be careful, preserve all the best in ourselves, preserve and pass on to new generations. Decrees of the Soviet government on Petrograd. October 25 (November 7), 1917 - December 29, 1918 Lenizdat, 1986 Federal Law "On objects cultural heritage(monuments of history and culture) of the peoples of the Russian Federation" No. 73-FZ of June 25, 2002 (as amended by the Federal Law of February 27, 2003 No. 29-FZ and of August 22, 2004 No. 122-FZ). Large soviet encyclopedia. 3rd ed. M., Publishing House "Soviet Encyclopedia". Great Soviet Encyclopedia. 3rd ed. M., Publishing House "Soviet Encyclopedia". Balakovo book of memory. Volume 2. Literary Center "Vozrozhdeniye". Balakovo. E. Bruslavtseva. The return of a great actor. Free newspaper. 2001 No. 44. June 8. Balakovo news, 1997. L "81. April 30. A.A. Derevyanchenko. By the river of Great Russians. Balakovo: Vanguard. 1994 A.A. Derevyanchenko. Their memory lives on. Lights of Communism, 1977 No. 42, March 15. A.A. Derevyanchenko. Stages big way. Factory chronicle. The fires of communism. 1977, No. 145, September 10. E.V. Zapyatkin. Chernobyl: in memory forever. Balakovo Vesti, 2002, No. 55. May 8. V.P. Chilly. Fathers memory. The Lights of Communism, 1973. No. 131. 17 August. SI. Ozhegov. N.Yu. Shvedova. Dictionary Russian language. 4th ed., supplemented. - M.: 2003. V.I. Poltavets. City of Batakovo. Saratov. Privolzh. book. ed., 1974 . http://letopisi.ru/index.php/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%92_%D0 %BF%D0%B 0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1% 85%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0% D0%BB%D0%B8 %D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85_(%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0 %B2%D0%BE,_%D0%A1%D0%B 0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0% D1%8F_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8 1%D1%82%D1%8C)

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architect, member of the board of the Sochi organization of the Union of Architects of Russia

A monument from the word "memory" - the ability to remember, not to forget the past. To have the right and opportunity to look into the future, we must know and remember the past. The past is the prism of the future, and from how bright and pure it is, we are so able to see the future and, if necessary, anticipate the emerging undesirable processes of our future.

Almost any revolution began with the fact that it had a destructive effect on the historical memory of the people, claiming the truth in a new face. Minister of education revolutionary Russia determined that it is necessary for the people to present history in such a way that the people do not have a sense of their own dignity. How long ago did we throw historical opuses written by communist ideologists into the dustbin? Perhaps that is why today we are like that - not remembering our relationship.

We always treat with deep regret a person who has lost his memory as a result of an illness, and we do not think about the fact that the society in which we live is already infected with the bacillus of unconsciousness.

Let's not go far, let's take, for example, the Sochi monuments and their maintenance.

Perhaps the only monument in Sochi that was discussed at various councils before it was erected is the monument Lenin on Kurortny Avenue. Since then, no one has had a desire to “correct” it, even with a change in the course of the state.

Monument M. Gorky on Gorky Street - cheaper, but on the spot.

© Akela white

Monument Ostrovsky on Kurortny Prospekt - in plan, if you look from above, Budyonnovka, which we trample on, not noticing and stumbling over ledges. Where does the legendary go? Pavka Korchagin no one pays attention, because there is no necessary space to create a viewing area.

Right next to the building of the city sanitary and epidemiological station, a huge, not large-scale head of a doctor Sokolova saved the city from malaria. The sculpture itself is talented, but to find it right place, to scale in relation to the surrounding buildings of the mind and professionalism was not enough.

Monument to the "unknown" in a frock coat Peter the Great at the seaport it looks like an element of a flower bed.

A lopsided bust of the famous Sochi football player was "stuck" at the Central Stadium Slava Metreveli. We have already forgotten who Slava CPSU is, but the Sochi forward Glory to Metreveli remember, but how?

© ALBANDY

© landrina

At his own expense and at the call of his soul, the Sochi sculptor erected a monument of friendship between peoples at the entrance to the village of Sergey-Pole, and some newly-minted “specialist” allowed a bus stop to be built in front of the monument, which blocked the entire monument.

Now the monument can be photographed only in this way. © s42

The same fate befell the monument to the 100th anniversary of Khosta. Another district temporary worker crossed out everything, allowing the installation of a trading pavilion by closing the monument.

The memorial stele to the first chairman of the Sochi City Executive Committee on Parkovaya Street looks completely shameful. At one time, it was installed as a stele in honor of the renaming of Parkovaya Street to Moskvicheva Street. A bust was erected on this pedestal. Moskvichev. His hard workers "stuck" him in the evening so that no one bothered with questions, and in the morning they saw the bust upside down. They say that it is kept in the Sochi Museum. And the rest of the monument was called a stele erected in honor of the first measure. I don’t know, maybe he was awarded such a monument as some leaders of our city.

My article in the newspaper had no effect and no reaction. Even our dashing deputy corps did not say a word. I could not even resist, I went to the Sochi Museum to find out about the fate of the monument. As a deputy, the unknown person does not know anything about this monument and does not even know where this Parkovaya street is (300 meters from the museum building). Yes, and why should she, she was put to shrug her hands, and not to work, to hurt her soul for the history of the city, especially since it is most likely not native to her.

Now we have our own "Khatyn" of unconsciousness.

And in conclusion, this is a monument to the Sochi doctors who saved thousands of wounded Soviet soldiers from death who defended our Motherland. More than twenty years standing unfinished main monument The resort city of Sochi. Wherever the author of the project, Honored Architect of Russia, did not apply Yuri Vladimirovich with a request to find funds and . And nothing has changed.

It is probably no coincidence that spelling errors were cast in bronze on the memorial stele of the Archangel Michael on Kurortny Prospekt. Know ours.

Recently I bought anchovy marinated in a jar in the store, which says "Cool Hawk". Now it’s clear - “ours” came chewing, sucking, running after Klinsky ...

Of course, I got more fear than necessary, I would like to shake you off and change your mind.

We are already on the edge of the abyss of unconsciousness. To solve these problems, millions of investments are not needed, just the participation of each of us, citizens of the city of Sochi, is needed. It is necessary to ensure that the issues of erecting monuments and memorial signs are widely discussed by the citizens of the city of Sochi with the direct participation and responsibility of professionals. You need to understand the main thing, that if you do not participate in the life of the city, starting with the elections, others will do it for you, for whom the city of Sochi will never be native, but will only be a source of profit trampling everything in its path. By establishing, we determine and evaluate the activity of the individual and indicate the direction in which future generations should go further.

Description of the presentation on individual slides:

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Municipal government preschool educational institution « Kindergarten No. 14 "Brook" of the urban district of the city of Frolovo Prepared by: Senior educator Vasilyeva Lyudmila Yuryevna Educator Petrosyan Anush Vanichkaevna, Frolovo Information and research project "Monuments of our city"

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Introduction For each person, the most dear and dear place on Earth is his Motherland, where he was born, grew up, where people close to him live. For us, this is our city Frolovo. There are many monuments in our city, but people know little about their history, not all monuments are known to the inhabitants of our city, especially children, and even less they know about the events in honor of which these monuments were erected. Why? But after all, monuments, like people, have their own destiny. Love for the motherland begins with love for the native city. That is why it was important for us to deal with the issue of studying the history of the creation of monuments that keep the memory of events and people, it is important that people remember history.

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Relevance Today in society there is an urgent need to return to the best traditions our people. It is necessary that the connection between generations that have survived the most terrible war, and modern youth did not break off, but rather recovered in the course of work on spiritual and moral education with preschoolers and parents. Type of project: information and educational. Project type: medium duration. Project type: (by the number of participants) - group. Project participants: children 6-7 years old, parents, teachers.

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Project goals To expand the idea that the native city is famous for its history, traditions, sights. Introduce children to the history of the development of the city during Battle of Stalingrad. To acquaint with the heroes - the defenders of the city of Frolovo. Cause a sense of respect, pride in the exploits of their ancestors in a great victory.

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Project objectives Educational objectives: to expand pupils' knowledge about the Great Patriotic War. to acquaint with the names of people and their exploits on the Frolov land. Developing tasks: to develop the ability to perceive information about the characters. develop children's speech, enrich vocabulary. Educational tasks: to instill in children pride in the historical past of their small Motherland. to cultivate love and respect for the exploits of people who were devoted to their profession during the war.

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Principles and approaches to the formation of the Project. The project is based on the positions of a humane-personal approach to the child, according to which not only the raising adult, but also the child is the subject of development and education. For the project, it is important that the child “be brought up as a Noble and Generous person, develop spiritually and morally, acquire knowledge that expands his consciousness and attracts creativity and the creation of good, learns to express, protect and assert his free will in life, loves the Motherland, appreciates and takes care of to the centuries-old culture of their people and humanity” (“Manifesto of Humane Pedagogy” 2011). Only such a person will be worthy of the memory of his great ancestors who gave Great Victory over fascism and approved Peace and Accord. The principle of conformity to nature The principle of the activity orientation of education The principle of humanization of education The principle of conscious interaction between educators and development The principle of regionalization of education The principle of continuity The principle of integration

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Preliminary work with parents on the topic of the project. Blitz questions: Why are monuments erected in cities? Monuments - decoration or attraction? What is the significance of the monument in our life? Do the city and people need monuments? Are the monuments of the city connected with the history of Russia? What historical events are associated with the monuments of the city? What monuments of the city do you know? Where are they located? What are the monuments dedicated to the Great Patriotic war, installed in the city? What do you propose to do in a group to get to know the history of the monuments better? What games will help us better remember the history of memorable places?

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My steppe land, my beloved land! My native land, unique! Here the Volga-mother and the Don, Yes, the magical sound of steppe herbs. Wormwood and rivers of feather grass, Their aroma is stored by the earth. The expanse of heaven and the sun light ... There is no more beautiful native land!

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I once decided to find out from the children, What they can tell about the monuments of the city. Who or what are the monuments dedicated to? Do the guys know about the years of the war??? What did the people have to experience then, How could they win the Victory ??? We didn’t have enough time for discussion… It was interesting and exciting… Modern monuments are more known to them… “Bridge of Love”, “Angel of Peace”, “Oil Workers”, “Chapel”. But they didn’t even know about some: “Vasily Serov”, “Monument to the Defenders in the railway garden”. - Why? - I live in a different neighborhood. O famous people remembered, But where the monument to Yermolyeva Zinaida is, ... alas, they did not know.

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Station in our days And the Volga land remembers, And the fields still remember Those days when the war was. The great trouble has come. And how many lives were interrupted, And how much grief was shed! We will not dream of nightmare What does it mean to be in that war. (Kislova Kristina) Station. Photo 1939

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During the entire Battle of Stalingrad, there was not a single case of a train collision. The Archedinsky railway junction was then headed by V. Bubnov. 586 railway workers were awarded the medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad". In 1942, during the Nazi air raids, the station building was destroyed. In 1949, with the participation of German prisoners of war, a new modern station was erected. Memorial plaque on the wall of the station

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Memorial plaque on the wall of the main post office Volunteers and conscripts went to sappers, to infantry, to demolitions.... Sometimes they added age to themselves, so that they would take them into the ranks of the Red Army. Do not list all the heroes, Remaining forever there, Where even now the Earth smells of blood with iron in half.

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List of servicemen who died during the Battle of Stalingrad (1942 - 1943) The memorial plaque on the post office informs us that the second formation of the 277th rifle division began in the city. She took part: in the Battle of Stalingrad, in Kharkov and Smolensk offensive operations, liberated Belarus, Lithuania, Prussia. The division was awarded the Orders of the Red Banner, Order of Suvorov II degree and Kutuzov III degree.

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Mass grave of servicemen who died during the Battle of Stalingrad (1942 - 1943) 80 people were buried On the site of a crater from air bombs near the post office in 1964, a monument was erected with a sign: “Warriors are buried here Soviet army who died during the Great Patriotic War in 1942-1943. 80 people are buried here.

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On the territory of the Archedinsky car depot, a memorial sign was opened, on which the names of those who went to the front and did not return are inscribed. Mass grave for railroad workers. The deputy is buried here. head of the depot Voevodsky M.M., lieutenant colonel Trofimov.

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Railway workers at that time were transferred to the barracks. They were forced to create their jobs in the dugout. - Damage to the railway tracks greatly hindered the progress of trains. - They created a bypass route, they took the empty from Ilovlya, the machinists took water in Rakovka. A day, 30 echelons were sent south. - Supervised these operations deputy. the head of the depot Voevodsky M.M., lieutenant colonel Trofimov ... On July 27, 1942, during the next raid of fascist aircraft, they fell a heroic death. On the territory of the Archedinsky car depot, a memorial sign was opened, on which the names of those who went to the front and did not return are inscribed.

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Monument to Serov V.R. village Grachi Vasily Romanovich Serov His feat is not forgotten ... On September 1, 1942, his plane was shot down. He served in the 33rd Fighter Aviation Regiment in Frolovo, was a squadron commander. He received the task: to guard the direction to Stalingrad, Do not let the enemy go to the railroad tracks. Suddenly, an enemy aircraft appeared from the direction of the Don, Then the people were surprised: There was an unequal air battle - but Vasily was a hero. Help came to the enemy… A machine-gun burst pierced the hull of Vasily's aircraft. A 22-year-old pilot was mortally wounded, fell from impotence. But the enemy did not manage to approach the railway tracks ...

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Monument to Zinaida Vissarionovna Ermolyeva And how many people Saved from a deadly disease, She discovered the medicine from white mold - Yermolyeva, our countrywoman, a Don Cossack, That she gave her life for people to her medicine.

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Monument to the Unbending Residents besieged Leningrad» Trains passed through the Archeda station to the south, and the residents of besieged Leningrad were transported. Every day someone was filmed, They put the dead in a common large funnel. Only years later it was possible to establish which of the inhabitants of Leningrad could be. On May 8, 2002, the monument was solemnly opened. The inscription reads: “To the unbending inhabitants of besieged Leningrad. Strunnikov M. F. 1895-1942, Petrov ..... "The workers of the Syutura managed to establish.

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1. Introduction

Update: Every day, dozens, hundreds of people in our city rush to work, just on business. They pass by monuments. Do the townspeople think by whom and when the monuments were made?

Problem: and we decided to find out the history of the emergence of the monuments of our city and the names of the authors.

An object research: monuments.

Subject of study: study of the history of the creation of monuments in the city of Penza

Objective - to attract the attention of classmates to the monuments of the city of Penza.

For achievement goals it is planned to solve the following tasks:

find out what monuments are in the city of Penza;

study the history of their appearance;

to form the ability to work with various sources of information, to select desired material and systematize the received data;

reveal children's knowledge on this issue;

spend cool watch on the topic: "Monuments of the city of Penza";

create an electronic catalog of monuments of our city;

To implement the set tasks we have chosen the following methods:

search for information from books, the Internet;

inquiries of parents, teachers, guides about the monuments of our city;

collection of photographic materials;

registration of the catalog of monuments in Penza;

generalization of experience.

Research hypothesis - suppose that children, knowing some of the monuments of the city of Penza, do not know the history of their occurrence.

What is a monument?

People different professions and specialties will respond differently. The philologist will call the monument "The Tale of Igor's Campaign". For the historian, birch-bark letters and the throne of Ivan the Terrible will be a monument. The art historian will name architectural monuments - ancient buildings and structures. AT fine arts a monument is a statue or bust on a pedestal erected in memory of a person. played an outstanding role in the life of the whole society. And if the monument commemorates an important historical event, such as a victory Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War, the conquest of space, etc., then it is usually called a monument (although in the exact translation the word "monument" also means a monument). The monument, unlike the monument, is a more majestic, complex structure. A monument can also be a bas-relief, a stele (a vertical plate with an inscription or a relief image), an architectural structure.

The visible history of our city is houses, enterprises, hospitals, libraries, clubs built by the labor of older generations. Both monuments and memorial plaques on the walls of buildings remind us of the glorious and difficult path traveled by our countrymen during the years of Penza's existence.

Monuments are witnesses of the historical identity of the people, their respect for their past. People and events immortalized in monuments not only remind us of ourselves, but also clearly show what today's person appreciates in his past, what he considers important in his history and culture.

2. Monuments of the city of Penza.

Penza has picturesque beauty, which sometimes captivates the eye of the layman. This city won the hearts of those people who saw it at least once. In order to find out why it attracts so much attention, let's take a short walk around the city and pay attention to its sights.

In the course of the study, we learned that there are more than 280 monuments in Penza. Gathering the materialweclassified monuments

1. Monuments by purpose, purpose of installation

1. Monuments to prominent personalities (rulers, poets, writers, musicians, artists, scientists, military)

2.Memorials of military glory

3. Monuments-dedications

4. Burial memorials

5. Religious architecture

6. Significant historical events and their heroes

7. Famous literary and urban characters

8. Feelings, eternal values

9. Unusual objects

2. Monuments by type of construction

1. Genre compositions

2.Memorial complexes

3.Monumental urban sculpture

4. Steles

5. Building, ritual structure

6.Busts

7.Memorial plaques

9. Sculpture group

10. Obelisk

11.Statue

12. Stove

14. Memorial plaque

3.Monuments by degree of distribution

1.The only ones in Russia

2.The only ones in the world

1. Monument to the "First Settler"

This monument was erected in 1980 and is located in the historical part of the city, where in 1663 the Penza fortress was erected. Together with the cast-iron mortar, the remains of the defensive rampart of the fortress, the restored palisade and the symbolic belfry in place of the corner tower of the fortress, the sculpture of the First Settler is included in the memorial complex. The two-meter bronze composition consists of the figure of the First Settler, who holds a spear in one hand and leans on a plow with the other, and his horse. It symbolizes two beginnings in the fate of the first inhabitants of Penza - peasant labor and the defense of borders from nomadic raids. At the foot of the sculpture is the text: “In the summer of 7171, 1663, it was ordered to build a city on the Penza River.” The sculptural composition is installed above the Sura valley, it offers a view of the eastern and southeastern part of the city, Zasurye. Viewpoint surrounded by a cast-iron grate with the coats of arms of the old Penza. The authors of the composition are the sculptor V.G. Kozenyuk and architect Yu.V. Komarov.

2. Memorial "Afghan Gate"

The memory of the Afghan soldiers was immortalized in Penza. The commemorative memorial "Afghan Gates" includes several elements - a stylobate decorated with bronze bas-reliefs, granite steles and an eternal flame. The height of the arch reaches eight meters.

“The best sons of our Penza, the Penza region, the country did not return from the battlefields, because they were patriots, because they performed military duty, they did everything so that we can live in peace today,” the governor said Vasily Bochkarev of the Penza region at the opening of the memorial on July 31.

AT afghan war 128 Penza residents were killed, 6 were missing.

For ignition eternal flame at the memorial to the Afghans, a torch with an "eternal flame" was delivered from Pobedy Avenue, where it was lit at the foot of the monument to the military and labor glory of the Penza people. The monument is located in the center of the city, in the square behind the city administration. The author of the monument is the Honored Sculptor of Russia Alexander Bem. The memorial was erected on collected funds. The estimated cost of the project is about 42 million rubles.

3. 

4. Monument of military and labor Glory

The Monument of Military and Labor Glory (Victory Monument) is a monument on Victory Square in Penza, dedicated to the military and labor exploits of the inhabitants and natives of the Penza region during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. It is the main regional monument of this kind. One of the most famous and recognizable symbols of the city of Penza. The monument was opened on May 9, 1975 on the 30th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War.

5. 

6. Monument to the Penza policemen

Monument to the Penza policemen (Monument to the Policeman, Monument to the District Officer) - a monument in the city of Penza, the first and only monument in Russia that immortalized the district policeman. Opened on Police Day - November 10, 2007. The monument is bronze statue Soviet district police officer in post-war service uniform. Behind the monument, on a semicircular granite pedestal, there is an inscription: TO THE PENZA POLICE MEMBERS - DEFENDERS OF THE LAW AND LAW ORDER.

At the monument, police units are building, awarding ceremonies for employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Penza region, and policemen take the oath. The prototype of the immortalized policeman was the famous Penza district police officer of the 1950-1960s, police captain Grigory Alexandrovich Shelkov. The monument was erected on Nekrasov Street. Authors of the monument: sculptor - Alexander Khachaturyan, folk artist Kalmykia; architect - Dmitry Dimakov.

7. 

   The embankment is decorated with an obelisk - the monument of Glory. But more often you can hear its other name - Rostock. The opening of the monument took place on November 6, 1967. It symbolizes the continuous growth of Russia and Penza. Authors - Penza sculptor A.A. Fomin, artist A.A. Oya and architect L.F. Iofan. The monument is a 25-meter structure and a nearby stele made of Karelian granite. A capsule with a letter addressed to descendants is immured in the stele. The message will be opened in 2017.

8. 

9. Bust of M.Yu. Lermontov (1892) in the square named after. Lermontov. Penza.

   On May 17, 1892, the second monument to Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov in Russia was opened in Penza. Sculptor Ilya Yakovlevich Gintsburg. In 1837, the future tsar - liberator Alexander II, who visited Penza, turned his gaze to a wasteland overgrown with shrubs and trees near cathedral. And he proposed to break a square there. As early as 1839, it became one of the townspeople's favorite vacation spots. In 1842, a fountain was built in the square, which has survived to this day. Almost in the central part of the city there is a square to them. Mikhail Yurievich Lermontov. The square is located between art school them. S.A. Savitsky and Sovetskaya Square. The central part of the square is occupied by a bust of Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov, the author of which is the St. Petersburg sculptor Ilya Yakovlevich Gintsburg, an academician and author of monuments to Pushkin, Gogol, Aivazovsky, Plekhanov, Mendeleev and others.

10. 

11. Monument "Seeing" Penza.

    Monument "Seeing Off" ("Farewell") by sculptor Vladimir Kurdov, dedicated to the participants of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.
    The monument was erected on the spot where during the Great Patriotic War there was a recruiting station, from which soldiers from the Penza region were called to the front. The monument is located in the square at the corner of Kuibyshev - Tambovskaya streets. At the foot of the monument there is a rectangular pedestal, in which several metal capsules with earth brought from the countries of Eastern and Western Europe- from the battlefields of Penza warriors.

    Opposite the "Seeing Off" monument there is a memorial sign installed even before the creation of the monument itself. It is a large natural stone in which an open book made of black marble is mounted.

    A fragment of a poem by the Penza poetess Larisa Yashina is engraved on the pages of the book:

    The columns went beyond the horizon,
    Where are you, our fellow countryman, but you haven't been...
    This is where the front started.
    From here, victory was seen.

    

3. Sociological survey.

To confirm our hypothesis, we conducted an experiment. The experiment was attended by students of our school (students primary school). The experiment consisted of three stages.

Stage 1: initial (March 2013);

Stage 2: training (September - December 2014);

Stage 3: final (January 2015).

On the initial stage having collected information about the monuments of the city, we decided to sociological survey among junior schoolchildren (age from 7 to 10 years old) and find out which monuments installed in the city they know and whether they know the history of their occurrence. 100 people were interviewed and a questionnaire from three questions:

1. What historical monuments Do you know the city of Penza?

2. Do you know what events they are dedicated to?

3. In your opinion, do monuments need protection and protection?

When answering the first question, we found out which monuments of the city are known to younger students.

Poll results:

Most of the respondents know the monuments. The result of the survey is shown in the diagram:

When answering the second question, we found out the history of occurrence, what monuments do the children surveyed know? In Russia, the problem of protecting monuments and historical sites is very relevant. Our country and the Penza Territory in particular have rich history, which is revealed through monuments and memorable places. In order to preserve history for future generations, it is necessary to preserve, protect and care for those places that remind of heroic and tragic pages the past of our people.

Following the survey, the following conclusions, which confirm our hypothesis: children know the monuments of the city of Penza, but do not know the history of their origin.

Therefore, at the next stage of work, we spent class hours about the monuments and memorable places of our city. A tour of the city was held to get acquainted with the history of the creation of monuments, their authors.

At the final stage, after our work, we repeated the survey and this is the result we came to:

students named not only the most famous monuments, as well as those who previously did not know;

Most of the children surveyed were able to tell about the history of the creation of monuments, as well as their authors.

4.Conclusion

The city of Penza is one of the oldest cities, which is over 350 years old. During this time, many interesting and significant events for the history of the city took place in the city, the memory of which is reflected in the monuments erected in the city. There are well-known monuments, but there are forgotten monuments, some of them abandoned.

As a result of the work on the project, a catalog of monuments of the city of Penza was created, which will help schoolchildren to touch the history hometown, to feel like citizens of their country, to cause a sense of pride in the deeds of their fellow countrymen. Same way this work may be of interest to guests of the city, as it contains information about the monuments of our city.

Studying the monuments of the city of Penza, we learned:

the history of the creation of monuments;

what event or person is the monument dedicated to;

what materials the monuments are made of and the dates of their establishment.

In the course of the work carried out on the study of monuments, we had a creative idea to create a project for a new monument in the city of Penza. We decided that it should be a monument to the book.

A monument in the form of books is an excellent advertisement for the thirst and need for reading.

Books are an integral part of society and every person in particular. They store the wisdom and knowledge of entire generations, contain information about the events that took place in the history of human development. It is impossible to underestimate the importance of literature, and books in particular, in our lives. All over the world people read, write and now listen great amount the most varied literature. And, of course, we want to immortalize this significant object in the year of culture. (Attachment 1)

The monument is an open book. On the left side collective image literary heroine and on the right is the reader. A pen whose size tells us that the authors literary works is a great asset to mankind. The monument is small in size, but deep and capacious in content.

GBOU SPO LPR "Anthracite College"

PROJECT

"MONUMENTS OF MY CITY"

Project Manager: IZYUMENKO E.K. - teacher of history

Project participants: students of 1-2 courses

Educational project: tour of memorable places WWII Anthracite

Project theme: "Monuments of my city".

Project idea

Our college plays a significant role patriotic education students. Much attention is paid local history excursions, which solve a variety of tasks to expand life experience, accumulation of observations and collection of materials. Students must return from it with some stock of knowledge acquired systematically. So the idea to create a tour project was born.

Summary of the project

The project was created to study the monuments of the city of Anthracite. During the project, students will learn what events the monuments erected in the city are dedicated to, the dates of their opening, the authors of their creation. Students will get to know the residents who have contributed to the development of the city. This project aimed at the formation of spiritual, moral, civic qualities of the individual, the development of interest in the history of the city and the formation of ideas about monuments as historical sources.

Objective of the project

Prepare and execute creative work on the theme "Monuments of our city". Study of monuments and development of a city tour itinerary; education of a citizen of the LPR, a patriot small motherland who knows and loves his land, city, creating conditions for enriching children's knowledge about native land, development of cognitive, creative abilities.

To promote the development of interest in the subject of research activities.

Theoretical study monument history.

The history of my city is interesting because it is closely intertwined with the history of my country. The monuments of my city are proof of this. Each monument reflects certain historical events of our country. Stella - to the participants of the Second World War - a reminder of the great victory of the Russian people in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. The monument to the builders of our city - tells about the people who built this city. Monument to the Chernobyl victims - does not let us forget about the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.

Practical work.

• Excursion around the city. Photographing monuments.
• Meetings with people who are witnesses of the historical past of our city.

Luhansk region has always been the land of Heroes

Anthracite earth - earth Heroes. And it is she who is the source of the famous Taman division, which accomplished incredible feats back in 1941. This land gave 6 Heroes Soviet Union during the Great Patriotic War - an amazing number, given the relatively small size of the city and region. This is a labor region of discreet, unostentatious mass heroism.

MEMORIAL COMPLEX TO THE SOVIET WARRIORS "ETERNAL FIRE" (CONSISTS OF TWO MONUMENTS)

Location. Anthracite, st. Soviet.

Short description monument. Memorial Complex consists of a mass grave of Soviet soldiers and a sculpture in honor of fellow countrymen, and the Alley of Heroes of the Soviet Union.

The mass grave is located at the entrance to the square leading to the building of the city executive committee. It has a metallized sculpture of a Soviet soldier with a Shpagin submachine gun. The warrior is depicted on the sculpture in a crawling position, the raised submachine gun symbolizes the signal to attack. In addition, a five-pointed star made of red granite with a recess-nest for a burning eternal flame is installed next to the warrior. To the side of the mass grave there is a wall made of sandstone, on which memorial plates with the names of the dead are installed. Soviet soldiers and officers. Date of installation: 1953, replaced in 1975.

Per mass grave the Alley of Heroes of the Soviet Union is located, leading to the building of the city executive committee. On the territory of the alley, 6 busts of Heroes of the Soviet Union are installed on pedestals lined with red granite. Date of installation: 1991.

All these people were awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal.

Mikhail Gavrilovich Zamula(1925-1988) - senior lieutenant of the Soviet Army, participant in the Great Patriotic War, Hero of the Soviet Union. Mikhail Zamula was born on November 5, 1925 in the village of Dyakovo.

Mikhail Vasilievich Radchenko o (1917 - 2002) - lieutenant colonel of the Soviet Army, participant in the Great Patriotic War, Hero of the Soviet Union. Born on September 27, 1917 in the village of Adrianople (Luhansk region) in a peasant family. Graduated from eight classes high school, then mining school.

Vasily Sidorovich Khimich(1907 - 1951) - telephone operator of the communications company of the 222nd Guards Rifle Regiment of the 72nd Guards Rifle Division of the 7th Guards Army of the Steppe Front, Red Army Guards. The hero of the USSR. Born March 12, 1907 in the city of Boyarsk, now Cherkasy region. Ukrainian. Member of the CPSU since 1943. Graduated from eight-year school. He worked as a miner in the city of Anthracite, Luhansk region.

Polikarp Lazarevich Perepelitsa(1918-1942) - tank driver of the 36th tank brigade of the 38th army of the Southwestern Front, senior sergeant, Hero of the Soviet Union. Born on April 6, 1918 in the village of Mostki (now Svatovsky district, Luhansk region) in a peasant family. Education incomplete secondary. He worked at the mine "Central" in the city of Bokovo - Anthracite.

Pyotr Vasilievich Belikov(1916-1984) - Major of the Soviet Army, participant in the Great Patriotic War, Hero of the Soviet Union (1942). Pyotr Belikov was born on February 22, 1916 in the village of Orekhovo (now the Antratsitovsky district of the Luhansk region).

sharp thorn

A 20-meter stele rose into the sky, perpetuating the peace of the soldiers of the 302nd Infantry Division, which liberated this area from the German invaders. This skyscraper is located on the northwestern outskirts of the city of Antratsita and was of strategic importance. In 1943 there were fierce battles. The battle for the Sharp Spike lasted more than a day.

The Germans, located on a high-rise, managed to knock out in hand-to-hand combat. After the battle, the army commander Zakharov and a member of the Military Council Khalezov arrived at the spikes to congratulate the fighters of the assault group on the victory. Right here, on the legendary skyscraper, the command presented 12 orders and 25 medals. Sharp thorns today meets everyone who drives up to the city on the Kharkiv-Rostov highway. Now the height, overgrown with feather grass, crowned with an obelisk. And even from afar you can see the inscription "Glory to the heroes of the liberators." From below, the monument seems tiny, but when you bring it closer, it’s just huge. How, more than 40 years ago, the workers of the Tsentralnaya mine and the ore repair plant were able to build a huge obelisk in just 5 days

Name of the monument

To the partisans of anthracite

Text on the monument

To heroes - partisans of anthracite during the Civil and Patriotic Wars from the grateful descendants of the city of Anthracite

The state of the monument

satisfactory

Comments by location

Located next to the main entrance to the stadium "Avangard" Anthracite

Date of registration in the database

Brief description of the monument. A monument to Soviet soldiers - residents of the city of Antratsit and the Antratsitovsky district, who participated in the Great Patriotic War, in particular - in the military operation to capture Berlin. The monument is located in a park in a residential area, on a two-tiered pedestal lined with granite. Artistic composition the first tier of the pedestal is supplemented with 4 granite balls located in each of the four corners of the pedestal. On the second tier of the pedestal, sculptural composition- A Soviet warrior playing the harmonica sits on the back of a lion. Date of installation: 2005.

Name of the monument

Text on the monument

Dedicated to Anthracite-winners. 1941-1945

The state of the monument