Topics of essays on literature (obz fipi). Open bank of oge assignments in literature
"The Tale of Igor's Campaign"
The Image of the Russian Land in the Tale of Igor's Campaign.
What are moral lessons unsuccessful campaign of Prince Igor? (According to "The Tale of Igor's Campaign".)
What are the civic and moral lessons of The Tale of Igor's Campaign?
How is the patriotic theme revealed in The Tale of Igor's Campaign?
Why does The Tale of Igor's Host end with the glorification of the Russian princes?
"Ode on the day of accession to the All-Russian throne of Her Majesty the Empress Empress Elisaveta Petrovna, 1747"
As in the "Ode ..." the representation of M.V. Lomonosov about an ideal historical figure?
What values are affirmed by M.V. Lomonosov in “Ode…”?
G.R. Derzhavin
What “eternal” questions does G.R. Derzhavin in his poems?
What problems does the poetry of G.R. Derzhavin? (On the example of at least two poems)
What are the ideas of G.R. Derzhavin about the essence of poetic creativity?
What “lessons” do rulers give in their poems M.V. Lomonosov and G.R. Derzhavin? (On the example of one poem by each of the poets)
What philosophical questions does the poetry of G.R. Derzhavin? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice)
What, from your point of view, is the originality of G.R. Derzhavin as a poet? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice)
N.M. Karamzin " Poor Lisa»
Which allows us to attribute the story to N.M. Karamzin "Poor Liza" to sentimentalism?
What kind moral issues puts N.M. Karamzin in the story "Poor Lisa"?
As in the story of N.M. Karamzin "Poor Liza" reveals the theme social inequality?
Why is the story of N.M. Karamzin is called "Poor Lisa"?
How does the narrator appear in N.M. Karamzin "Poor Lisa"
DI. Fonvizin "Undergrowth"
Features moral ideal in the form of Sophia. (According to D.I. Fonvizin's comedy "Undergrowth".)
What is the significance of the last phenomenon in D.I. Fonvizin "Undergrowth"?
What is the role positive characters in the comedy D.I. Fonvizin "Undergrowth"?
What is the meaning of the name of the comedy D.I. Fonvizin "Undergrowth"?
What is common and different in the characters of Ms. Prostakova and Mitrofan?
What are the goals and means of satire in D.I. Fonvizin "Undergrowth"?
What could give rise to the writer V.F. Odoevsky to call the play "Undergrowth" a "tragedy"?
What qualities unite Skotinin, Prostakova and Mitrofan? (According to D.I. Fonvizin's comedy "Undergrowth")
V.A. Zhukovsky
Features of romanticism in the ballads of V.A. Zhukovsky. (On the example of at least two ballads of your choice.)
As the plot of the ballad V.A. Zhukovsky "Svetlana" is connected with its main idea - "faith in Providence"?
Romantic motifs in V.A. Zhukovsky (On the example of one of the ballads of your choice.)
Why, reflecting on the eternal laws of life, does the poet turn to the natural world? (According to the lyrics by V.A. Zhukovsky.)
I.A. Krylov
Why fables I.A. Krylova do not lose their relevance over time? (On the example of at least 2 fables)
Mastery of I.A. Krylova in creating fable images. (On the example of one or two fables of your choice.)
As in the fables of I.A. Krylova reflected folk wisdom? (On the example of at least two fables of your choice.)
Images from the natural world and their role in the fables of I.A. Krylov. (On the example of one or two fables of your choice.)
A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit"
The theme of mind and madness in A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit".
What are the reasons for the clash between Famusov and Chatsky? (According to the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov “Woe from Wit”.)
What is the complexity and inconsistency of Sophia's character? (According to the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov “Woe from Wit”.)
Meaning female images in the comedy A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit".
In what way is Chatsky fundamentally opposed to Molchalin? (According to the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov “Woe from Wit”.)
Why does Molchalin become Sofia's chosen one? (According to the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov “Woe from Wit”.)
Why is it so hard for Chatsky to believe that Sophia chose Molchalin?
A.S. Pushkin. Lyrics. "Gypsies"
The world of nature in the lyrics of A.S. Pushkin. (On the example of at least two poems by each of the poets)
What "good feelings" awakens Pushkin's lyrics? (On the example of at least 2 poems)
What moral values are affirmed in the lyrics of A.S. Pushkin? (On the example of at least two poems)
What gave rise to A.S. Pushkin in the poem “I erected a monument to myself not made by hands ...” to assert that he “glorified freedom”? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
As in the lyrics of A.S. Pushkin reveals the theme of friendship? (On the example of at least 2 poems)
As in the work of A.S. Pushkin, the parting of the poet with romanticism was displayed? (On the example of at least two works)
The theme of love in the poem by A.S. Pushkin "Gypsies".
Why couldn't Aleko get along in a gypsy camp? (Based on the poem by A.S. Pushkin "Gypsies".)
What is the meaning of A.S. Pushkin in the concept of "freedom"? (On the example of at least 2 poems)
What does it mean for A.S. Pushkin true friendship? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
Philosophical reflections in the lyrics of A.S. Pushkin. (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin"
The image of St. Petersburg life in the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".
Why V.G. Belinsky called Eugene Onegin "selfish involuntarily"?
Why does young Tatyana feel like a stranger in the environment provincial nobility?
Why is the relationship between Tatyana and Onegin developing dramatically?
Why does Tatyana, still loving Onegin, reject his courtship at the end of A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin"
Why does Tatyana reject Onegin's love at the end of the novel? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".)
What is the meaning of the opposition of Onegin and Lensky in the novel by A.S. Pushkin's "Eugene Onegin"
What are the causes and consequences of the duel between Onegin and Lensky? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".)
Why did the fate of Vladimir Lensky develop tragically? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".)
Can Onegin and Lensky be called friends? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".)
A.S. Pushkin "The Stationmaster"
What is the strength and weakness of the character of Samson Vyrin? (According to the story by A.S. Pushkin "The Stationmaster".)
A.S. Pushkin Captain's daughter»
How are the natures of Shvabrin and Grinev opposed? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter".)
I.A. Bunin
How the world is seen by the main character of the story I.A. Bunin "Tanka"
World human soul in the story of I.A. Bunin "Tanka".
The theme of the motherland in the story of I.A. Bunin "Mowers".
How does the image appear native land in the story of I.A. Bunin "Mowers"?
What problems are posed in Bunin's prose? (On the example of one of the works of the student's choice.)
Why is the prose of I.A. Bunin is called lyrical? (On the example of one of the works of your choice)
A.A. Block
What attracts you to the poetry of A.A. Blok? (On the example of at least 2 poems of the student's choice.)
Lyrical hero poems by A.A. Blok. (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
S.A. Yesenin
What is the inner world of the lyrical hero in the poems of S.A. Yesenin?
What are the features of the image of nature in the lyrics of S.A. Yesenin? (On the example of at least two works)
Images of Russian nature in the lyrics of S.A. Yesenin
What appears native nature in the lyrics of S.A. Yesenin? (On the example of at least two works)
What is the Motherland in the poems of S.A. Yesenin "Birch", "Powder", "Goy you, Russia, my dear ..."?
As in the lyrics of S.A. Yesenin, the poet's love for native land? (On the example of at least two works)
What is the originality of the disclosure of the theme of the Motherland in the lyrics of S.A. Yesenin? (On the example of at least two works)
Folk traditions in the poetry of S.A. Yesenin. (On the example of at least two poems of your choice)
V.V. Mayakovsky
What is V.V. Mayakovsky sees the purpose of the poet? (On the example of at least 2 poems of the student's choice.)
What values are affirmed in the poetry of V.V. Mayakovsky? (On the example of at least two poems)
What is the originality of the lyrical hero of poetry V.V. Mayakovsky? (On the example of at least two poems)
How do you see the lyrical hero of V.V. Mayakovsky? (On the example of at least 2 poems)
The theme of the poet and poetry in the lyrics of V.V. Mayakovsky. (On the example of at least two works of your choice.)
What is the meaning of the title of the poem by V.V. Mayakovsky's "Seated"?
How do real and fantastic relate in the poem by V.V. Mayakovsky " Extraordinary Adventure…»?
M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man"
Why the story of M.A. Sholokhov called "The Fate of Man"?
How is the war depicted in M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man"
How is the theme of achievement revealed in the story of M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man"
What helps Andrei Sokolov endure the trials of fate? (According to the story of M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man".)
How does Andrey Sokolov manifest himself in a situation of moral choice?
The theme of the family in the story of M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man".
What role did the meeting with Vanya play in the fate of Andrei Sokolov? (According to the story of M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man".)
A.T. Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin"
How is the strength of character of the protagonist of the poem A.T. Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin"
What character traits of Terkin are opposed to the destructive power of war?
What is the point of comparing Terkin with an old soldier?
Depiction of the people's feat in the poem by A.T. Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin".
What qualities folk character found embodiment in the image of Vasily Terkin?
Why Vasily Terkin from poem of the same name A.T. Tvardovsky became truly folk hero?
Why does Terkin remain optimistic, despite the hardships of military everyday life?
What role in the poem "Vasily Terkin" A.T. Tvardovsky is played by the image of military everyday life?
Folklore traditions in the image of Vasily Terkin. (According to the poem by A.T. Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin")
V.M. Shukshin
What is the meaning of the title of the story by V.M. Shukshin "Cut off"?
How do you understand the idea of V.M. Shukshin "Cut off"?
What is the relationship between Vasily Knyazev and the people around him and why? (According to the story of V.M. Shukshin "Freak".)
Why is Vasily Knyazev called a "freak"? (According to the story of V.M. Shukshin "Freak")
Why are many heroes of V.M. Shukshin are perceived by the surrounding "freaks"?
What do you see as the features of the heroes of V.M. Shukshin? (On the example of one or two works)
A.I. Solzhenitsyn "Matryonin Dvor"
What is the meaning of the title of the story by A.I. Solzhenitsyn "Matryonin Dvor"
How is the problem of material and spiritual values revealed in the story of A.I. Solzhenitsyn "Matryonin Dvor"
The theme of righteousness and the image of the righteous in the story of A.I. Solzhenitsyn "Matryonin Dvor".
What are the moral problems posed by A.I. Solzhenitsyn in the story "Matryonin Dvor" are relevant today?
What features of the national character does the image of Matryona embody?
What is the meaning of A.I. Solzhenitsyn in the concept of "righteous"? (According to the story "Matryonin Dvor")
What features are endowed with the righteous in the image of A.I. Solzhenitsyn (According to the story " Matrenin yard»)?
The image of the narrator in the story of A.I. Solzhenitsyn "Matryonin Dvor".
How is the theme of love revealed in the lyrics of one of the poets of the second half of the 20th century? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice)
How is the theme of war revealed in the poetry of the second half of the 20th century? (On the example of the work of one poet)
How does war appear in the lyrics of Russian poets of the second half of the 20th century? (On the example of the work of one poet)
How does war appear in the works of Russian literature of the second half of the 20th century? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
What social problems are revealed in Russian prose of the second half of the 20th century? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
How is the drama of the relationship between man and nature shown in Russian literature of the second half of the 20th century? (On the example of the work of one writer of the student's choice.)
How in the works of Russian literature of the second half of the twentieth century the value of human personality? (On the example of the work of one of the writers.)
How is the value of the human person affirmed in the works of Russian literature of the 20th century? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
How are its tragic and heroic aspects revealed in the literature of the 20th century about war? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
How is the theme of human moral duty revealed in Russian prose of the second half of the 20th century? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
How is the theme of nature revealed in the lyrics of one of the poets of the second half of the 20th century? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice)
How is the problem of “man and war” revealed in the works of Russian literature of the 20th century? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
How is the relationship between man and nature understood in Russian prose of the 20th century? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
The theme of moral choice in Russian literature of the second half of the 20th century. (For example, one of prose works of your choice)
The theme of spiritual disinterestedness in Russian literature of the second half of the 20th century. (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
The theme of achievement in the literature about the Great Patriotic War. (On the example of one of the prose works of your choice.)
The theme of the native land in Russian literature of the second half of the 20th century. (According to the work of one of the writers of your choice.)
The tragedy of war in Russian prose of the second half of the twentieth century. (On the example of one piece of your choice.)
Creativity of which poet of the second half of the 20th century is interesting to you and why? (On the example of at least two poems by one of the poets of your choice.)
What makes you think modern prose? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
What do writers of the 20th century focus on when they portray a man in a war? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
War in the lyrics of Russian poets of the second half of the twentieth century. (On the example of at least two poems by one of the poets of your choice.)
Main general education
Literature
Demo version of the OGE-2019 in literature with analysis of tasks
Demo version, codifier and specification of the OGE 2019 in literature from the official website of FIPI.Download the demo version of the OGE 2019 along with the codifier and specification from the link below:
Follow the information about our webinars and broadcasts on the YouTube channel, very soon we will discuss preparation for the OGE in Russian language and literature.
The attention of schoolchildren is offered a manual for preparing for the main state exam, which contains 20 options examination work and demo version. Each option is compiled in full accordance with the requirements of the state final certification, includes tasks of different types and levels of complexity. The manual can be used by students for self-assessment and teachers to organize current monitoring of the level of literary education of graduates of grade 9 and to prepare them for the exam.
Analysis of the demonstration version of control measuring materials for the main state examination in literature in 2019
The examination paper in literature consists of two parts. Part 1 includes two alternatives containing the text of the work of art and questions to it. You must select ONE of the two options. The first option is focused on the analysis of a fragment of an epic (or dramatic, or lyrical) work; the second - to the analysis of a lyric poem (or fable). After choosing one of the options for work, it is necessary to complete three tasks for it, which require writing a detailed answer of a limited volume. When completing the first two tasks (1.1.1, 1.1.2 or 1.2.1, 1.2.2), give an answer in the approximate amount of 3-5 sentences based on the text. The third task (1.1.3 or 1.2.3) involves not only thinking about the proposed text, but also comparing it with another work or fragment, the text of which is also given in the examination paper (the approximate length of the answer is 5–8 sentences). When completing the tasks of Part 1, it is necessary to formulate direct coherent answers, avoiding lengthy introductions and characteristics and observing the norms of speech.
Part 1
Option 1
Chichikov looked very attentively at the young stranger. He tried several times to talk to her, but somehow he didn't have to. And meanwhile the ladies drove away, the pretty head with thin features and a thin waist disappeared, like something resembling a vision, and again there was left the road, the carriage, the trio of horses familiar to the reader, Selifan, Chichikov, the smoothness and emptiness of the surrounding fields. Everywhere, wherever in life, whether among its callous, rough-poor and untidy-staining base ranks or among the monotonous-cold and boringly-tidy classes of the upper classes, everywhere at least once on the way a person will meet a phenomenon that is not like everything that what he had seen before that would awaken in him at least once a feeling unlike those he was destined to feel all his life. Everywhere, no matter what the sorrows that make up our life, brilliant joy will rush merrily, as sometimes a brilliant carriage with golden harness, picture horses and sparkling glass of glass will suddenly suddenly fly past some stalled poor village that has seen nothing but rural carts, and for a long time the peasants stand, yawning, with open mouths , without putting on hats, although the marvelous carriage had long since gone and disappeared from sight. So the blonde also suddenly appeared in a completely unexpected way in our story and disappeared in the same way. If at that time some twenty-year-old youth instead of Chichikov got caught at that time, whether he was a hussar, whether he was a student, or just who had just begun his career, - and God! whatever wakes up, stirs, speaks in him! For a long time he would stand insensibly in one place, staring senselessly into the distance, forgetting the road, and all the reprimands ahead, and scolding for delay, forgetting himself, and the service, and the world, and everything that is in the world. But our hero was already middle-aged and of a prudently chilled character. He, too, pondered and thought, but more positively, his thoughts were not so unaccountable and even partly very thorough. "Glorious grandmother! he said, opening his snuff-box and sniffing the snuff. “But what, most importantly, is good about her?” The good thing is that she is now only, apparently, graduated from some boarding school or institute, that, as they say, there is still nothing womanish in her, that is, precisely that which they have the most unpleasant. She is now like a child, everything in her is simple, she will say what she pleases, laugh where she wants to laugh. Everything can be done from it, it can be a miracle, or it can turn out to be rubbish, and rubbish will come out! Now let only mothers and aunts take care of her now. In one year it will be so filled with all sorts of women that the father himself will not recognize. Where will both puffiness and stiffness come from, he will toss and turn according to his instructions, he will puzzle and figure out with whom, and how, and how much to say, how to look at, he will be afraid at all times, so as not to say more than necessary, he will get confused finally, on her own, and she will end up lying all her life, and it will turn out just the devil knows what!” Here he was silent for some time and then added: “But it would be interesting to know whose it is? what, like her father? Is it a wealthy landowner of respectable character, or just a well-meaning person with capital acquired in the service? After all, if, let's say, this girl was given two hundred thousand dowry, a very, very tasty morsel could come out of her. This could be, so to speak, the happiness of a decent person. Two hundred thousand dollars began to be drawn so attractively in his head that he began to inwardly become annoyed with himself, why, in the course of the fuss about the carriages, he did not find out from the postilion or the coachman who the passers-by were. Soon, however, the appearance of Sobakevich's village scattered his thoughts and forced them to turn to their permanent subject.
(N.V. Gogol, Dead Souls)
Task 1.1.1
What properties of Chichikov's nature manifested themselves in his internal monologue?
Task parsing
In order not to deviate from the topic when answering a question, it is necessary to clarify the concepts that make up the content of the question.
Nature - in given value: human character, temperament.
Inner monologue - artistic technique psychologism: speech reproduction actor addressed to himself and not spoken aloud. It is widely used in works of art in order to reveal the inner experiences of the hero, to recreate his inner world.
Upon careful reading of the fragment, we find a direct assessment of the character of Chichikov, which Gogol gives him: “But our hero was already middle-aged and of a prudently chilled character.” This means that a chance meeting with a charming blonde on the road did not touch a single string of his soul. He was neither delighted nor delighted. Nothing “woke up, stirred, spoke in him.” He began to think. And that was the subject of his reflections: now this girl is a charming child, for whom everything in life is simple and clear. But in one year it can be so filled with all sorts of women that the father himself will not recognize. However, a feeling of annoyance soon stirred in Chichikov's soul. He was dissatisfied with himself, because he did not know anything about this girl. And suddenly she is a rich bride: “After all, if, let’s say, this girl is given two hundred thousand dowry, a very, very tasty morsel could come out of her.”
The internal monologue gives an idea of Chichikov's prudence. Even in matters of the heart, he tries to take advantage of himself. For Chichikov, everything in this world is an object. purchase and sale. The topic of money, or rather the dream of enrichment, arises in Chichikov's mind, even when he thinks about a beautiful stranger.
Evaluation criteria for task 1.1.1, which requires writing a coherent answer of 3–5 sentences
Maximum rating - 6 points.
Task 1.1.2
Task parsing
The mention by Gogol of a twenty-year-old youth in this fragment is not accidental. This technique forces the reader to compare Chichikov with him. According to the author, the young man would not have remained indifferent to the beautiful vision that so suddenly arose on a deserted road: “For a long time he would stand insensibly in one place, staring senselessly into the distance, forgetting the road, and all the reprimands ahead, and scolding for delay. forgetting himself, and service, and the world, and everything that is in the world. It is indicative that it is precisely the upcoming affairs on which Chichikov is going to Sobakevich, on the contrary, that bring him out of his state of thought.
Thus, comparison with a young man, as it were, sets off the character of Chichikov, makes him more prominent. In general, this helps the reader to form a holistic view of this hero, whose image is unattractive.
Assessment system for examination work in literature
Evaluation criteria for task 1.1.2, which requires writing a coherent answer of 3–5 sentences
The indication of the volume is conditional, the assessment of the answer depends on its content (with deep knowledge, the examinee can answer in a larger volume, with the ability to accurately formulate his thoughts, the examinee can quite fully answer in a smaller volume).
- The answer to the question is given and testifies to the understanding of the text of the given fragment/poem, the author's position is not distorted (2 points).
- For the reasoning of judgments, the text is involved at the level of analysis of fragments, images, micro-themes, details, etc. important for the task, there are no actual errors (2 points).
- There are no logical speech errors(2 points).
Maximum rating - 6 points.
Task 1.1.3
Compare the fragments of the poem by N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls" and comedy D.I. Fonvizin "Undergrowth" in the given direction of analysis and formulate a direct coherent answer (5-8 sentences) to the question: "In what way is Skotinin similar to Chichikov, who thought about the" young stranger?
Building demolition
When comparing literary material both similarities and differences can be identified. However, the question for this task is formulated in such a way that in the essay it is necessary to focus only on similar features in the compared literary material.
Skotinin. Why can't I see my bride? Where's she? In the evening there will be already an agreement, so isn't it time for her to say that she is being married off?
Ms. Prostakova. We'll make it, brother. If she is told this ahead of time, then she may still think that we are reporting to her. Although by my husband, however, I am a relative of hers; and I love that strangers listen to me.
Prostakov (Skotinin). To tell the truth, we treated Sofyushka like a real orphan. After her father, she remained a baby. Tom, with six months, as her mother, and my fiancé, had a stroke ...
Mrs. Prostakova (shows that she is baptizing her heart). The power of the cross is with us.
Prostakov. From which she went into the next world. Her uncle, Mr. Starodum, went to Siberia; and since for several years now there has been no rumor or news about him, we consider him dead. We, seeing that she was left alone, took her to our village and oversee her estate as if it were our own.
Ms. Prostakova. Why are you so upset today, my father? Another brother might think that we took her to us for the sake of interest.
Prostakov. Well, mother, how can he think it? After all, Sofyushkino's real estate cannot be moved to us.
Skotinin. And although the movable has been put forward, I am not a petitioner. I don't like to bother, and I'm afraid. No matter how much the neighbors offended me, no matter how much damage they did, I didn’t hit anyone with my forehead, and any loss, than to go after him, I’ll tear off my own peasants, and the ends are in the water.
Prostakov. That's true, brother: the whole neighborhood says that you are a masterful collector of dues.
Ms. Prostakova. If only you would teach us, brother father; and we can't. Since we took away everything that the peasants had, we can no longer tear anything off. Such trouble!
Skotinin. If you please, sister, I will teach you, I will teach you, just marry me to Sofyushka.
Ms. Prostakova. Do you really like this girl?
Skotinin. No, I don't like a girl.
Prostakov. So in the neighborhood of her village?
Skotinin. And not villages, but the fact that it is found in villages and what my mortal hunt is.
Ms. Prostakova. To what, brother?
Skotinin. I love pigs, sister, and we have such large pigs in our neighborhood that there is not a single one of them that, standing on its hind legs, would not be taller than each of us by a whole head. (D.I. Fonvizin, "Undergrowth")
When comparing two literary heroes - Skotinin from Fonvizin's comedy "Undergrowth" and Chichikov from Gogol's poem "Dead Souls" - you can see how much Skotinin is similar to Chichikov.
Skotinin, a hero from speaking surname, wants to marry Sophia, a relative of her sister Prostakova. The most important thing in the presented dialogue is the recognition of the landowner why he chose Sophia as his wife. “Do you really like this girl so much,” asks Prostakova. “So next door to her village?” - suggests Prostakov. It turns out it's neither. The reason for Skotinin’s matchmaking is completely different: “I love pigs, sister, and in our neighborhood there are such large pigs that there is not a single one of them that, standing on its hind legs, would not be taller than each of us with a whole head.” It is for this reason, in the words of Chichikov, that Sophia for Skotinin is “ tidbit". There is no talk of love, everything is subject to rough calculation.
Thus, for both Chichikov and Skotinin, marriage is a deal that must be carried out as profitably as possible for oneself.
Criteria for evaluating comparative tasks 1.1.3, requiring writing a coherent answer of 5–8 sentences.
The indication of the volume is conditional, the assessment of the answer depends on its content (with deep knowledge, the examinee can answer in a larger volume, with the ability to accurately formulate his thoughts, the examinee can quite fully answer in a smaller volume).
- The works are compared in the given direction of analysis, the author's position is not distorted (2 points).
- For argumentation, the texts of two works are involved at the level of analysis of fragments, images, micro-themes, details, etc. important for the task, there are no actual errors (4 points).
- There are no logical, speech errors (2 points).
Maximum rating - 8 points.
Option 2
Is in the autumn of the original
A short but wonderful time -
The whole day stands as if crystal,
And radiant evenings ...
Where a peppy sickle walked and an ear fell,
Now everything is empty - space is everywhere, -
Only cobwebs of thin hair
Shines on an idle furrow.
The air is empty, the birds are no longer heard,
But far from the first winter storms -
And pure and warm azure pours
To the resting field...(F.I. Tyutchev, 1857)
Task 1.2.1
What mood is imbued with the poem "There is in the autumn of the original ..."?
Task parsing
Works of the poetic genre belong to the lyrics. Lyrics is one of the genres of literature, a feature of which is the focus on the inner world of the lyrical hero, his experiences, thoughts, revelations.
To answer not the question: “What mood is the poem imbued with?” - it is necessary to understand the feelings of the lyrical hero.
In this analysis, it is better to go from the general to the specific. General refers to the emotional background of the poem as a whole. It can be minor and major, pronounced and not very pronounced.
Having determined the general emotional background, the reader can specify feelings: sadness, grief, joy, delight, etc.
In the work of various poets, we find poems that sound very calm, neutral, without violent emotions. The authors of such works are usually called poets of thought, not feelings, and Fedor Tyutchev belongs to them.
AT literary heritage Tyutchev a lot of landscape lyrics. Nature for a poet great riddle which is impossible to unravel.
Nature is a sphinx. And the more she returns
With his temptation, he destroys a person,
What, perhaps, no from the century
There is no riddle, and there was none.
The image of the lyrical hero in Tyutchev's poems about nature is the image of a contemplator who looks at nature as a picture, remaining on this side of the frame. Interestingly, in landscape lyrics Tyutchev almost never uses personal pronouns. The poem "There is in the autumn of the original ..." was no exception.
It feels calm, peaceful inner state of the lyrical hero. Shown is the rare case when the harmony of nature is transmitted to man. However, this harmony is short-lived:
Is in the autumn of the original
A short but wonderful time...
With each line, the impression grows that the author wanted to show the silence, peace, serenity that came in nature in early autumn: “now everything is empty - space everywhere”, “an empty furrow”, “no birds were heard”, “resting field”. The emotional tone is restrained. There is no expression of joy, admiration, delight. The author does not use exclamatory sentences. The use of dots shows the immersion of the lyrical hero in a thoughtful state.
Thus, Tyutchev's poem is imbued with a mood of tranquility, serenity and thoughtfulness. Falling into silence autumn day, the lyrical hero comprehends the harmony of the surrounding world.
Assessment system for examination work in literature
Criteria for assessing tasks 1.2.1, requiring writing a coherent answer of 3–5 sentences
The indication of the volume is conditional, the assessment of the answer depends on its content (with deep knowledge, the examinee can answer in a larger volume, with the ability to accurately formulate his thoughts, the examinee can quite fully answer in a smaller volume).
- The answer to the question is given and testifies to the understanding of the text of the given fragment/poem, the author's position is not distorted (2 points).
- For the reasoning of judgments, the text is involved at the level of analysis of fragments, images, micro-themes, details, etc. important for the task, there are no actual errors (2 points).
- There are no logical, speech errors (2 points).
Maximum rating - 6 points.
Task 1.2.2
What role do epithets play in the poem "There is in the original autumn ..."?
Task parsing
The analysis of a literary text is always accompanied by a description of the means of expression that the author uses for various purposes.
Actualization of knowledge on the topic "Means of expressiveness of speech"
Allegory |
Image of an abstract concept through a specific image |
Beautiful Tsarskoye Selo garden, |
Alliteration |
One of the types of sound writing, the repetition in the text of consonant or identical consonant sounds |
FROM in and sch no wind, With ribbed wind |
Anaphora |
The same beginning of several neighboring sentences |
Take care of each other, |
Antithesis |
Comparison of sharply contrasting or opposite concepts and images to enhance the impression |
"Sleep and Death" by A.A. Fet, "Crime and Punishment" by F.M. Dostoevsky. |
Assonance |
One of the types of sound writing, the repetition of the same vowel sounds in the text |
M e lo, m e lo to sun e th e ml e |
Hyperbola |
Artistic exaggeration |
bloomers as wide as the Black Sea (N. Gogol) |
gradation |
Arrangement of words, expressions in ascending (ascending) or decreasing (descending) significance |
Howled, sang, took off stone under the sky |
Nominative themes |
special kind nominal sentences, names the topic of the statement, which is revealed in subsequent sentences |
Bread!.. What could be more important than bread?! |
Inversion |
Violation of the direct word order |
Drops the forest your crimson attire, |
Irony |
Subtle mockery, use in a sense opposite to direct |
Count Khvostov, |
Composite joint |
Repetition at the beginning of a new sentence of words from the previous sentence, usually ending it |
At dawn, the dawn sang. She sang and miraculously combined in her song all the rustles, rustles ... (N. Sladkov) |
Lexical repetition |
Repetition in the text of the same word, phrase |
Around the city on the low hills spread the woods, mighty, untouched. AT forests came across large meadows and deaf lakes with huge pines along the coast. Pines all the while making a low noise. (Yu.Kazakov) |
Litotes |
Artistic understatement |
"Tom Thumb" |
Metaphor |
Figurative meaning of a word based on similarity |
Sleepy lake of the city (A. Blok). Sugrobov white calves (B. Akhmadulina) |
Metonymy |
Replacing one word with another based on the adjacency of two concepts |
Here on their new waves |
polyunion |
Intentional use of a repeated conjunction |
There is also coal, and uranium, and rye, and grapes. |
Occasionalisms |
Some stunning absurdities began to take root in our midst, the fruits of the new Russian education. (G. Smirnov) |
|
Oxymoron |
A combination of opposite words |
Tourists in hometown. (taffy) |
personification |
Transferring human properties to inanimate objects |
Silent sadness will be comforted, |
Parceling |
Intentional division of a sentence into semantic meaningful segments |
He loved everything beautiful. And he understood this. Beautiful song, poetry, beautiful people. And smart. |
paraphrase |
Replacing a word (phrase) with a descriptive phrase |
"people in white coats" (doctors), "red cheat" (fox) |
Rhetorical question, exclamation, appeal |
Expression of the statement in interrogative form; |
Oh Volga! My cradle! |
Rows, pair connection homogeneous members |
Using homogeneous members for greater artistic expressiveness of the text |
Amazing combination you just and difficulties, transparency and depths in Pushkin poetry and prose. (S. Marshak) |
Sarcasm |
Caustic, caustic mockery, one of the methods of satire |
The works of Swift, Voltaire, Saltykov-Shchedrin are saturated with sarcasm. |
Synecdoche |
Replacing quantity relations, use singular instead of plural |
Swedish, Russian stabs, cuts, cuts... (A. Pushkin) |
Syntax parallelism |
Similar, parallel construction of phrases, lines |
Knowing how to speak is an art. Listening is culture. (D. Likhachev) |
Comparison |
Comparison of two objects, concepts or states that have a common feature |
Yes, there are words that burn like a flame.(A. Tvardovsky) |
Default |
Interrupted statement, giving the opportunity to speculate, reflect |
This fable could be more explained - Yes, so as not to tease the geese ... (I.A. Krylov) |
Ellipsis |
Reduction, "omission" of words that are easily restored in meaning, which contributes to the dynamism and conciseness of speech. |
We sat down - in ashes, cities - in dust, |
Epithet |
A figurative definition characterizing a property, quality, concept, phenomenon |
But I love spring golden, |
Epiphora |
Same ending for multiple sentences |
Conjure the spring see off the winter. |
An epithet is a lexical means of expressiveness, which is realized through a definition in a figurative sense.
AT artistic speech epithets perform the following functions;
- enhance the expressiveness, figurativeness of the language of the work;
- give artistic, poetic brightness of speech;
- enrich the content of the statement;
- allocate feature or the quality of an object, phenomenon, emphasize its individual attribute;
- create a vivid representation of the subject;
- evaluate an object or phenomenon;
- cause a certain emotional attitude towards them;
- help to see author's attitude to the surrounding world.
In the poem by F.I. Tyutchev used the following epithets: wondrous time, day crystal, evenings radiant, cheerful sickle, idle furrow, clean and warm azure, vacationer field.
These epithets create a surprisingly attractive, unique image of golden autumn. The freshness of the air is conveyed by the word "crystal", the abundance of light - by the word "radiant". The sky blue appears to the author as "clean and warm". These epithets have a high sound and differ from the epithets associated with the earth, human labor on it. In general, epithets in this work give speech artistic, poetic brightness, making the poem an unsurpassed example of Russian lyrics.
Assessment system for examination work in literature
Evaluation criteria for tasks 1.2.2 requiring writing a coherent answer of 3–5 sentences
The indication of the volume is conditional, the assessment of the answer depends on its content (with deep knowledge, the examinee can answer in a larger volume, with the ability to accurately formulate his thoughts, the examinee can quite fully answer in a smaller volume).
- The answer to the question is given and testifies to the understanding of the text of the given fragment/poem, the author's position is not distorted (2 points).
- For the reasoning of judgments, the text is involved at the level of analysis of fragments, images, micro-themes, details, etc. important for the task, there are no actual errors (2 points).
- There are no logical, speech errors (2 points).
Maximum rating - 6 points.
Task 1.2.3
Compare the poem by F.I. Tyutchev “There is in the original autumn” and a poem by N.A. Nekrasov “Before the Rain” in the given direction of analysis and formulate a direct coherent answer (5–8 sentences) to the question: “What is the difference between the pictures of autumn created in the poems of F.I. Tyutchev “There is in the original autumn” and a poem by N.A. Nekrasov "Before the rain"?
Argument your judgments based on both texts (you can refer to other episodes of the same works), do not distort the author's position, do not make factual and logical errors. Follow the norms of literary writing, write down the answers neatly and legibly.
Task parsing
BEFORE THE RAIN
A mournful wind drives
I flock clouds to the edge of heaven,
Broken spruce groans,
The dark forest whispers dully.
On the stream, pockmarked and motley,
A leaf flies after a leaf,
And a stream dry and sharp
The cold is coming.
Twilight falls on everything;
Flying from all sides,
Whirling in the air with a cry
A flock of jackdaws and crows.
Above the roadway
The top is lowered, the front is closed;
And went!" - standing up with a whip,
The gendarme shouts to the driver...
(N.A. Nekrasov, 1846)
Poem by N.A. Nekrasov's "Before the Rain", in contrast to Tyutchev's poem "There is in the original autumn ...", is filled with sounds: "the spruce groans", "the forest whispers", "a flock of jackdaws and crows whirls in the air with a cry." Nature is shown inhospitable; evening, the colors of the day fade. I want to leave as soon as possible, to hide from the weather. Therefore, it is no coincidence that heroes appear at the end of the poem: a coachman driving horses.
We can say that in Tyutchev's poem there is a static image, and in Nekrasov's poem it is dynamic.
Another difference: Tyutchev's poem depicts a warm, bright, summer day, while Nekrasov's poem is cold:
And a stream dry and sharp
The cold is coming.
Twilight falls on everything;
Flying from all sides,
Whirling in the air with a cry
A flock of jackdaws and crows.
In the lyrics of Nekrasov there are many wonderful landscape sketches which speak of the poet's deep and tender love for his native land. But Nekrasov's nature does not exist separately from man, it is constantly connected with his feelings and experiences, that is, it always accompanies man. Tyutchev's landscape lyrics are permeated with complex philosophical motifs, and man is in a very complex relationship with nature.
Part 2
Task 2.1–2.4
Contains four themes of the essay, requiring detailed written reasoning. Choose ONE of the topics offered to you and write an essay of at least 200 words, arguing your reasoning and referring to the text of a work of art (if the essay is less than 150 words, then it is rated 0 points). All USE forms are filled in with bright black ink. You can use a gel or capillary pen. When performing all tasks, rely on author's position, formulate your point of view, use literary theoretical concepts to analyze the work. During the exam you are allowed to use full texts works of art, as well as collections of lyrics. 235 minutes are given to complete the work.
The points you get for completed tasks are summed up.
Choose only ONE of the four proposed essay topics (2.1–2.4) and indicate its number in the answer sheet No. 2. Write an essay with a volume of at least 200 words (if the volume is less than 150 words, 0 points are given for the essay). Expand the topic of the essay fully and comprehensively. Argument your judgments based on the analysis of the text(s) of the work(s). In an essay on lyrics, you need to analyze at least two poems. Do not distort the author's position, do not make factual errors. Use literary-theoretical concepts to analyze the work(s). Think over the composition of the essay, avoid logical errors. Follow the rules of literary writing, write an essay neatly and legibly.
Task 2.1
Satirical denunciation of officials in the poem by N.V. Gogol's Dead Souls.
Task parsing
The disclosure of this topic requires students to understand the features satirical image reality in a work of art.
Satire is a specific form of artistic reflection of reality, through which negative phenomena are exposed and ridiculed.
To portray satirically means to present someone or something in a ridiculous, absurd way, showing the insignificance and inconsistency of the depicted.
Satire was leading artistic method in the work of Gogol.
In 1852, after Gogol's death, Nekrasov wrote beautiful poem, which can be an epigraph to the entire work of the writer:
Breast fed with hatred
Mouth armed with satire,
He walks a thorny path
With his punishing lyre.
These lines seem to give precise definition Gogol's satires, because satire is an evil, sarcastic ridicule not just of universal human shortcomings, but also of social vices. This laughter is not kind, sometimes "through tears invisible to the world", because (as Gogol believed) it is precisely the satirical ridicule of the negative in our life that can serve to correct it. But at the same time, Gogol's laughter is neither coarse nor loud. It is rather a subtle irony, with the help of which incredible strength satirical effect, especially when the writer portrays people in positions of power, the mighty of the world this.
We can see this in the poem Dead Souls”, reading descriptions of landlords and officials.
It is interesting to get acquainted with the critical responses to the poem when it first appeared.
A. I. Herzen, writer, philosopher and teacher: ".. "Dead Souls" by Gogol, - amazing book, a bitter reproach of modern Russia, but not hopeless. Where the eye can penetrate the fog of impure, manure fumes, there it will see the daring, full strength nationality. His portraits are amazingly good, life is preserved in its entirety; not abstract types, but kind people which each of us has seen a hundred times. It's sad in Chichikov's world, just as sad as we really are; and there, and there is one consolation in faith and hope for the future ... "(diary of A. I. Herzen, June 11, 1842)
"..“ Dead Souls ”is a poem deeply suffered.“ Dead Souls ”- this title itself carries something terrifying. And he could not call it otherwise; not revisionists - dead souls, but all these Nozdrevs, Manilovs and tutti quanti - these are dead souls, and we meet them at every step ... "(A. I. Herzen's diary, July 29, 1842)
".."Dead Souls" shocked all of Russia. It was necessary to present such an accusation to modern Russia. This is a history of a disease written by the hand of a master. vulgar life when he suddenly sees his ugly face in the mirror...
S. P. Shevyrev, a critic, an acquaintance of Gogol: "... Another time Gogol brings us such a fantastic Russian city: he already did it in The Government Inspector; here, too, we almost do not see separately either the mayor, or the postmaster, or the trustee charitable institutions, neither Bobchinsky nor Dobchinsky; here, too, the whole city is merged into one person, whom all these gentlemen only different members: the same county nonsense caused by comic fantasy, inspires everyone, rushes over them and inspires them with deeds and words, one funnier than the other. The same nonsense, raised only to the level of a provincial one, is personified and acts in the city of N. One cannot help but be surprised at the diversity in Gogol's talent, who on another occasion brought out the same idea, but did not repeat himself in forms and did not in any way remind of the city of his "Inspector General "! With this method of portraying comically official life inner Russia one must notice the artistic instinct of the poet: he covers all abuses, all strange customs, all prejudices with one net of light, humorous irony. So it should be - poetry is not a denunciation, not a formidable accusation. She has only possible colors for this: the colors of the ridiculous ... "
Gogol writes: “The officials were more or less enlightened people: some read Karamzin, some read Moskovskie Vedomosti, some didn’t read anything at all.” And this phrase immediately gives an idea of the level of education and enlightenment of the administrative city authorities.
And one immediately recalls those expressive characteristics that Sobakevich, with his characteristic certainty, gives to representatives of the city authorities.
The chairman is “a fool, what a world did not produce”, the governor is “the first robber in the world, and the face of a robber, just give him a knife and release him on the main road”, the police chief is “a swindler, he will sell, deceive and even dine with you.” And Sobakevich sums up: "The scammer sits on the scammer, drives the scammer." It must be said that in this case Gogol is in complete solidarity with Sobakevich. Gogol defines all the leaders of the provincial government by their attitude to official duty. Public office for all officials is only a means of a carefree and idle life.
When Chichikov needed witnesses to finalize the deal, Sobakevich full knowledge affairs says: “Send now to the prosecutor, he is an idle man and, surely, is sitting at home: everything is done for him by the lawyer Zolotukha - the first grabber in the world.” The inspector of the medical board, he is also an idle man and, of course, at home, if he has not gone somewhere to play cards.
The character of the characters is emphasized by two or three strokes. For example, famous episode with a petty official, whose name is Ivan Antonovich pitcher snout. Chichikov is trying to get his attention to draw up his papers. When Chichikov openly placed the money in front of him, Ivan Antonovich did not seem to notice it at all and immediately covered it with a book. But when Chichikov wanted to point them out to him, Ivan Antonovich made it clear that this was not necessary.
A very concise episode, and in front of you is not just a bribe taker, but a highly experienced artist in his field. Gogol needed only two or three phrases to talk about him.
From ancient Russian literature (17)
"The Tale of Igor's Campaign"?
1. How is the patriotic theme revealed in The Tale of Igor's Campaign?
2. The image of the Russian land in the "Tale of Igor's Campaign".
4. Why does the Tale of Igor's Campaign end with the glorification of the Russian princes?
5. What are the moral lessons of Prince Igor's unsuccessful campaign? (According to "The Tale of Igor's Campaign".)
7. What are the civic and moral lessons of The Tale of Igor's Campaign?
From Russian literature of the 18th century. (47)
DI. Fonvizina
"Undergrowth".
Features of the moral ideal in the image of Sophia. (According to D.I. Fonvizin's comedy "Undergrowth".)
What is the significance of the last phenomenon in D.I. Fonvizin "Undergrowth"?
What is the role of positive characters in D.I. Fonvizin "Undergrowth"?
What is the meaning of the name of the comedy D.I. Fonvizin "Undergrowth"?
What is common and different in the characters of Ms. Prostakova and Mitrofan? (According to D.I. Fonvizin's comedy "Undergrowth".)
Like in a comedy D.I. Fonvizin "Undergrowth" reveals the theme of education?
What are the goals and means of satire in D.I. Fonvizin "Undergrowth"?
What could give rise to the writer V.F. Odoevsky to call the play "Undergrowth" a "tragedy"? (According to D.I. Fonvizin's comedy "Undergrowth")
What qualities unite Skotinin, Prostakova and Mitrofan? (According to D.I. Fonvizin's comedy "Undergrowth")
G.R. Derzhavin
1. What “eternal” questions does G.R. Derzhavin in his poems?
2. What problems does the poetry of G.R. Derzhavin?
3. What are the views of G.R. Derzhavin about the essence of poetic creativity?
4. What philosophical questions does the poetry of G.R. Derzhavin? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice)
5. In what way, from your point of view,consiststhe originality of G.R. Derzhavin as a poet? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice)
What “lessons” do rulers give in their poems M.V. Lomonosov and G.R. Derzhavin? (On the example of one poem by each of the poets)
M.V. Lomonosov
1. As in the “Ode on the day of the accession to the All-Russian throne of Her Majesty the Empress Empress Elisaveta Petrovna, 1747”, the representation of M.V. Lomonosov about an ideal historical figure?
2. What values are affirmed by M.V. Lomonosov in “Ode on the day of accession to the All-Russian throne of Her Majesty Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, 1747”?
N.M. Karamzin
1. What allows us to attribute the story to N.M. Karamzin "Poor Liza" to sentimentalism?
2 How does the narrator appear in N.M. Karamzin "Poor Lisa"
4. What moral problems does N.M. Karamzin in the story "Poor Lisa"?
5. As in the story of N.M. Karamzin "Poor Liza" reveals the theme of social inequality?
6. Why is the story of N.M. Karamzin is called "Poor Lisa"?
Lermontov
"Song about ... the merchant Kalashnikov."
1. As in the works of M.Yu. Lermontov, the theme of Russian history is revealed? (On the example of the poem "Borodino" and the poem "Song about ... the merchant Kalashnikov".)
2. The image of Kiribeevich in the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "Song ... about the merchant Kalashnikov."
3. The image of Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich in the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "Song about ... the merchant Kalashnikov."
4. What is the attitude of the author of the poem towards Kalashnikov and Kiribeevich? (According to the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov “The Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich, a young guardsman and a daring merchant Kalashnikov.”)
5. As in the “Song about ... the merchant Kalashnikov” M.Yu. Lermontov, the theme of honor and dignity of a person is revealed?
6. As in the title "Songs about Tsar Ivan Vasilievich, a young guardsman and a daring merchant Kalashnikov" M.Yu. Lermontov reflected the ideological and artistic originality of the poem?
7. What is the image of the tsar in the “Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilievich, a young guardsman and a daring merchant Kalashnikov” by M.Yu. Lermontov?
The writing
1. As in the works of M.Yu. Lermontov, the theme of Russian history is revealed? (On the example of the poem "Borodino" and the poem "Song about ... the merchant Kalashnikov".)
2. What is the attitude of the author of the poem towards Kalashnikov and Kiribeevich? (According to the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov “The Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich, a young guardsman and a daring merchant Kalashnikov.”)
3. The image of Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich in the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "Song ... about the merchant Kalashnikov"
"Hero of our time"
1. Why is Pechorin lonely and unhappy? (Based on the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time".)
2. Does Pechorin prove with his life the idea of \u200b\u200bhappiness as “saturated pride”? (Based on the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time".)
3. Why was the duel between Pechorin and Grushnitsky inevitable? (Based on the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time".)
4. The originality of the character of Pechorin. (Based on the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time".)
5. What is the meaning of M.Yu. Lermontov in the title of his novel "A Hero of Our Time"?
6. How is Pechorin's character manifested in his relationship with Mary? (Based on the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time".)
7. What role in the novel M.Yu. Lermontov "Hero of Our Time" play female images?
8. The theme of friendship and the peculiarities of its sound in the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time".
9. How is the character of Pechorin manifested in his relationship with Grushnitsky? (According to the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time".)
10. What gives Pechorin grounds to assert: “I am incapable of friendship ...”? (Based on the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time".)
11. What role in the novel M.Yu. Lermontov's "A Hero of Our Time" play the author's preface?
12. Pechorin and Vulich in the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time".
13. Why do many of Pechorin's entourage call him "strange"? (Based on the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time".)
14. Who can be called a fatalist in the chapter "The Fatalist"? (Based on the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time")
15. How is the character of Pechorin manifested in his relationship with Bela? (Based on the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time".)
16. How is Pechorin's personality revealed in his self-assessment "I never value anything"? (Based on the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time")
17. What personality traits of Pechorin appear in the history of his relationship with Vera? (Based on the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time")
18. Why M.Yu. Lermontov violates the chronological sequence in the arrangement of the chapters of the novel "A Hero of Our Time"?
19. How is the theme of fate revealed in M.Yu. Lermontov's novel "A Hero of Our Time"?
The writing
1. The theme of friendship and the peculiarities of its sound in the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time".
2. Why is Pechorin lonely and unhappy? (Based on the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time".)
3. The originality of the character of Pechorin. (Based on the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time".)
4. What gives Pechorin grounds to assert: “I am incapable of friendship ...”? (Based on the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time".)
5. How is Pechorin's character manifested in his relationship with Mary? (Based on the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time".)
6. The meaning of the title of the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time".
7. How is Pechorin's character manifested in his relationship with Bela? (Based on the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time".)
8. Why do many of Pechorin's entourage call him "strange"? (Based on the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time".)
9. What role in the novel M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time" play the author's preface ?
Lyricist a M.Yu. Lermontov
1. As in the lyrics of M.Yu. Lermontov, the theme of the poet's destiny and his tragic fate? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
2.
3. As in the lyrics of M.Yu. Lermontov, the theme of the poet and poetry is revealed? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
4. What is the originality of the disclosure of the theme of the poet's destiny in the lyrics of M.Yu. Lermontov? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
5. As in the lyrics of M.Yu. Lermontov, the tragedy of his worldview is manifested? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
6. What is the originality of the lyrical hero of poetry M.Yu. Lermontov? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
7. How are M.Yu. Lermontov's reflections on creativity and the theme of loneliness? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
8. As in the lyrics of M.Yu. Lermontov, the theme of love and the motive of loneliness are connected? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
9. The image of the lyrical hero of poetry M.Yu. Lermontov. (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
10. Mastery M.Yu. Lermontov in the image of nature. (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
11. As in the lyrics of M.Yu. Lermontov shows the attitude of the poet to God? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
12. What is the originality of patriotism M.Yu. Lermontov? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
13. What is unique love lyrics M.Yu. Lermontov? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
14. What is the image of the poet in the lyrics of M.Yu. Lermontov? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice)
15. Philosophical reflections in the lyrics of M.Yu. Lermontov. (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
16. As in the lyrics of M.Yu. Lermontov reveals the theme of loneliness? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
17. As in the lyrics of M.Yu. Lermontov, the theme of the poet and the crowd is revealed? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice)
18. How the theme of life and death is revealed in the lyrics of M.Yu. Lermontov (On the example of at least two poems of your choice)
The writing
1. How are M.Yu. Lermontov's reflections on creativity and the theme of loneliness? (On the example of at least 2 poems of the student's choice.)
2. What is the originality of M.Yu. Lermontov? (On the example of at least 2 poems of the student's choice.)
3. As in the lyrics of M.Yu. Lermontov shows the attitude of the poet to God? (On the example of at least 2 poems of the student's choice.)
4. As in the lyrics of M.Yu. Lermontov, the tragedy of his worldview is manifested? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
5. The image of the lyrical hero of poetry M.Yu. Lermontov. (On the example of two or three poems of your choice.)
6. How is the theme of the appointment of the poet revealed in the lyrics of M.Yu. Lermontov? (On the example of two or three poems of your choice.)
7. How is the theme of the appointment of the poet in the lyrics of M.Yu. Lermontov? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
8. What is the originality of the lyrical hero of poetry M.Yu. Lermontov? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
"Mtsyri"
1. How does Mtsyri's confession reveal his ideas about true values life? (Based on the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "Mtsyri".)
2. As in the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov's "Mtsyri" appear essential features romanticism? 29. As an epigraph to the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "Mtsyri" is connected with the idea of the work?
3. As in the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "Mtsyri" reveals the theme of life and death?
The writing
How does Mtsyri's confession reveal his ideas about the true values of life? (Based on the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "Mtsyri".)
As the meaning of the epigraph to the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "Mtsyri" is associated with the image of the protagonist?
As in the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "Mtsyri" reveals the theme of life and death?
As in the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov's "Mtsyri" show the most important features of romanticism?
As an epigraph to the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "Mtsyri" is connected with the idea of the work?
Gogol
"Dead Souls"
1. How are the landlords Manilov and Nozdryov similar and how do they differ? (Based on the poem by N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls".)
2. How does the character of Chichikov manifest itself in communication with the landowner Korobochka? (Based on the poem by N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls".)
3. The satirical image of officials in the poem by N.V. Gogol's Dead Souls.
4. How does N.V. Gogol's "Dead Souls" provincial town?
5. Women's images in the poem by N.V. Gogol's Dead Souls.
6. As in the poem by N.V. Gogol's "Dead Souls" presents the theme of "dead" and "living" souls?
7. Why "Dead Souls" N.V. Gogol called a poem?
8. What is the role of " digressions» in the poem by N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls"
9. As in the poem by N.V. Gogol's "Dead Souls" reveals the inner essence of Chichikov?
10. Why did Chichikov's scam end with exposure? (Based on the poem by N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls".)
11. What human vices does N.V. Gogol in the poem "Dead Souls"?
12. The image of Plyushkin and his role in the poem by N.V. Gogol's Dead Souls.
13. Why can the landowners visited by Chichikov be called "dead souls"? (Based on the poem by N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls".)
15. The theme of the road in the poem by N.V. Gogol's Dead Souls.
16. What is the originality of the genre " dead souls» N.V. Gogol?
17. How are Korobochka and Plyushkin similar and how do they differ? (Based on the poem by N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls")
18. How does Chichikov appear in the scenes of buying dead souls? (Based on the poem by N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls".)
19. How "The Tale of Captain Kopeikin" is connected with the general problems of the poemN.V. Gogol "Dead Souls"
20. What is the peculiarity of the finale of the first volume of N.V. Gogol's poem "Dead Souls"?
21. How are they similar and how are they differentManilov and Nozdryov? (Based on the poem by N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls")
22. Why does Chichikov experience the greatest difficulty in buying dead souls with Korobochka and Nozdryov? (Based on the poem by N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls")
23. As in the poem by N.V. Gogol's "Dead Souls" is the principle of "laughter through tears" realized?
The writing
1. As in the poem by N.V. Gogol's "Dead Souls" reveals the inner essence of Chichikov?
2. How are the landlords Manilov and Nozdryov similar and how do they differ? (Based on the poem by N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls".)
3. Why can the landlords visited by Chichikov be called "dead souls"? (Based on the poem by N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls".)
4. How does Chichikov's character manifest itself in communication with the landowner Korobochka? (Based on the poem by N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls".)
5. Why did Chichikov's scam end with exposure? (Based on the poem by N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls".)
7. The theme of the road in the poem by N.V. Gogol's Dead Souls.
8. As in the poem by N.V. Gogol's "Dead Souls" presents the theme of "dead" and "living" souls?
9. The image of Plyushkin and his role in the poem by N.V. Gogol's Dead Souls.
"Inspector"
Why the frivolous braggart Khlestakov was not exposed experienced mayor? (According to N.V. Gogol's comedy "The Government Inspector".)
Why does none of the officials of the city N realize that Khlestakov is not an auditor? (According to N.V. Gogol's comedy "The Government Inspector".)
The role of female characters in N.V. Gogol "Inspector".
What is the meaning of the silent scene in N.V. Gogol's "Inspector"
Khlestakov and his servant Osip in the comedy by N.V. Gogol "Inspector".
The image of the mayor in the comedy N.V. Gogol "Inspector". (According to N.V. Gogol's comedy "The Government Inspector".)
What social and moral vices does N.V. Gogol in the comedy "The Government Inspector"?
A satirical portrait of a nameless city in N.V. Gogol "Inspector"
What is the meaning of the image of Osip in the comedy by N.V. Gogol's "Inspector"
How do you understand the words of N.V. Gogol thatlaugh - the only honest noble face acting" in the comedy "The Government Inspector"?
Like in the comedy N.V. Gogol's "Inspector General" reveals the identity of the mayor?
The writing
1. The image of the mayor in the comedy N.V. Gogol "Inspector".
2. Why was the frivolous braggart Khlestakov not exposed by an experienced mayor? (According to N.V. Gogol's comedy "The Government Inspector".)
3. Why is the insignificant Khlestakov mistaken for important person? (According to N.V. Gogol's comedy "The Government Inspector".)
4. How does the world of bureaucracy appear in N.V. Gogol's "Inspector"
5. What is the significance of the silent scene in N.V. Gogol's "Inspector"
6. Why does none of the officials of city N realize that Khlestakov is not an auditor? (According to N.V. Gogol's comedy "The Government Inspector".)
7. The role of female images in N.V. Gogol "Inspector".
8. What social and moral vices does N.V. Gogol in the comedy "The Government Inspector"?
"Overcoat"
1. Why is the story of N.V. Gogol is called "The Overcoat"?
2. The image of the “little man” and the theme of compassion in the story by N.V. Gogol's "Overcoat".
3. What is the attitude of N.V. Gogol to the main character of the story "The Overcoat"?
4. What is the idea of the story by N.V. Gogol's "Overcoat"?
5. As in the story of N.V. Gogol's "The Overcoat" reveals the theme of the "little man"?
6. As in the story of N.V. Gogol's "The Overcoat" correlate reality and fantasy?
The writing
As in the story of N.V. Gogol's "The Overcoat" reveals the theme of the "little man"?
The image of the “little man” and the theme of compassion in the story by N.V. Gogol's "Overcoat".
What is the idea of the story by N.V. Gogol's "Overcoat"?
Why is the story of N.V. Gogol is called "The Overcoat"?
Krylov
1. Images from the natural world and their role in the fables of I.A. Krylov. (On the example of one or two fables of your choice.)
2. Who and for what does I.A. make fun of? Krylov in his fables?(On the example of at least two fables of your choice.)
3. Mastery of I.A. Krylova in creating fable images. (On the example of at least two fables of your choice.)
4. Why are the fables of I.A. Krylova do not lose their relevance over time? (On the example of at least two fables of your choice.)
5. As in the fables of I.A. Krylov reflects folk wisdom? (On the example of at least two fables of your choice.)
6. What moral vices are denounced in the fables of I.A. Krylov? (On the example of at least two fables of your choice)
The writing
1. Mastery of I.A. Krylova in creating fable images. (On the example of one or two fables of your choice.)
2. Why fables I.A. Krylova do not lose their relevance over time? (In the example of at least 2 fables of the student's choice.)
3. Whom and for what does I.A. Krylov in his fables? (On the example of at least two works of the fabulist.)
4. As in the fables of I.A. Krylov reflects folk wisdom? (On the example of at least two fables of your choice.
5. Images from the natural world and their role in the fables of I.A. Krylov. (On the example of one or two fables of your choice.)
6. The theme of mind and madness in A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit".
Griboyedov
"Woe from Wit.")
1. What are the reasons for the clash between Famusov and Chatsky? (According to the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov “Woe from Wit”.)
2. Against what and in the name of what is Chatsky fighting? (According to the comedy by A.S. Griboedov “Woe from Wit”.)
3. In what way is Chatsky fundamentally opposed to Molchalin? (According to the comedy by A.S.Griboyedov "Woe from Wit".
4. Why A.S. Griboyedov changed the original title of his comedy Woe to Wit to Woe from Wit?
5. Features of the language of comedy A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit"
6. The value of female images in the comedy of A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit".
7. What is the complexity and inconsistency of Sophia's character? (According to the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov “Woe from Wit”.)
8. The theme of mind and madness in A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit".
9. What content is put into the concept of "mind" by the heroes of the comedy A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit"
10. What unites representatives of the Famus society? (According to the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov “Woe from Wit”.)
11. What is the essence of the opposition between Chatsky and Repetilov? (According to the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov “Woe from Wit”.)
12. Why does Molchalin become Sofia's chosen one? (According to the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov “Woe from Wit”.)
13. How does the conservative Moscow nobility appear in A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit"
14. What, from your point of view, is the modernity of the sound of A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit"
15. Why is it so hard for Chatsky to believe that Sophia chose Molchalin? (According to the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov “Woe from Wit”.)
16. Why A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit" is considered to be open?
17. On what principles are the relationships of people built in " Famus society"? (According to the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov “Woe from Wit”)
The writing
1. What are the reasons for the clash between Famusov and Chatsky? (According to the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov “Woe from Wit”.)
2. In what way is Chatsky fundamentally opposed to Molchalin? (According to the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov “Woe from Wit”.)
3. What is the complexity and inconsistency of Sophia's character? (According to the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov “Woe from Wit”.)
4. The value of female images in the comedy of A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit".
Pushkin
"Eugene Onegin"
1. Why A.S. Pushkin calls Tatyana his "sweet ideal"? (Based on the novel in verse "Eugene Onegin".)
2. Why is the relationship between Tatyana and Onegin developing dramatically? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".)
3. Can Onegin and Lensky be called friends? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".)
4. What is the opposite nature of Onegin and Lensky? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".)
5. Why does Tatyana, still loving Onegin, reject his courtship at the end of A.S. Pushkin's "Eugene Onegin"
6. As in the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin" reveals the problem of unrealized possibilities of the individual?
7. Why V.G. Belinsky called Eugene Onegin "selfish involuntarily"? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".)
8. The image of Petersburg life in the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".
9. What brings together and what distinguishes the author and his hero in the novel by A.S. Pushkin's "Eugene Onegin"
10. Why does Tatyana reject Onegin's love at the end of the novel? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".)
11. What are the causes and consequences of Onegin's duel with Lensky? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".)
12. Why was the fate of Vladimir Lensky tragic? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".)
13. Why does young Tatyana feel like a stranger among the provincial nobility? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".)
14. Why A.S. Pushkin calls Tatyana his "sweet ideal"? (Based on the novel in verse "Eugene Onegin".)
15. What are the origins of Onegin's "spleen"? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".)
16. What is the meaning of the opposition of Olga and Tatyana in the novel by A.S. Pushkin's "Eugene Onegin"
17. What is the peculiarity of the author's attitude towards Lensky? (Based on the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin")
18. How does the main character of A.S. Pushkin's "Eugene Onegin"
The writing
What is the meaning of the opposition of Onegin and Lensky in the novel by A.S. Pushkin's "Eugene Onegin"
What are the causes and consequences of the duel between Onegin and Lensky? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".)
Why does Tatyana, still loving Onegin, reject his courtship at the end of A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin"
The image of St. Petersburg life in the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".
Why did the fate of Vladimir Lensky develop tragically? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".)
Can Onegin and Lensky be called friends? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".)
Why does Tatyana reject Onegin's love at the end of the novel? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".)
Why V.G. Belinsky called Eugene Onegin "selfish involuntarily"? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".)
Why does young Tatyana feel like a stranger among the provincial nobility? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".)
Why is the relationship between Tatyana and Onegin developing dramatically? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".)
"Captain's daughter"
1. As in the novel by A.S. Pushkin's "The Captain's Daughter" reveals the theme of the family?
2. Why is the Russian rebellion in the novel by A.S. Pushkin's "The Captain's Daughter" is called "meaningless" and "merciless"?
3. Why is the personality of Pugachev interesting to the author and the main character of the novel "The Captain's Daughter"?
4. The role of female images in the novel by A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter"
5.
6. How are the natures of Shvabrin and Grinev opposed? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter".)
7. As in the novel by A.S. Pushkin's "The Captain's Daughter" solves the problem of honor and duty?
9. What are the most important personality traits of Savelich? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter")
10. Common and different in the family ways of the Mironovs and Grinevs. (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter")
11. As an epigraph to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter" ("Take care of your honor from a young age") is associated with ideological content works?
The writing
1. As in the novel by A.S. Pushkin's "The Captain's Daughter" reveals the theme of the family?
2. As in the novel by A.S. Pushkin's "The Captain's Daughter" solves the problem of honor and duty?
3. Why is A.S. Pushkin is called "The Captain's Daughter"?
4. The role of female images in the novel by A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter"
5. How are the natures of Shvabrin and Grinev opposed? (According to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter".)
6. Why is the Russian rebellion in the novel by A.S. Pushkin's "The Captain's Daughter" is called "meaningless" and "merciless"?
Lyrics
What is the meaning of A.S. Pushkin in the concept of "freedom"? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
As in the lyrics of A.S. Pushkin reveals the theme of love? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
As in the lyrics of A.S. Pushkin develops the theme of freedom? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
What is the originality of the freedom-loving lyrics of A.S. Pushkin? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
The world of nature in the lyrics of A.S. Pushkin. (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
As in the lyrics of A.S. Pushkin reveals the theme of friendship? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
What does A.S. Pushkin is the purpose of a true poet? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
What does it mean for A.S. Pushkin's true friendship? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.
What "good feelings" does Pushkin's lyrics evoke? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
As in the lyrics of A.S. Pushkin reveals the theme of the poet and poetry? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
The originality of the love lyrics of A.S. Pushkin. (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
As in the work of A.S. Pushkin, the parting of the poet with romanticism was displayed? (On the example of at least two works of your choice.
How is the understanding of A.S. Pushkin ideas of freedom? (For example, at leasttwo poems of your choice)
Man and nature in the lyrics of A.S. Pushkin. (On the example of at least two poems of your choice)
The theme of the Lyceum and the lyceum brotherhood in the works of A.S. Pushkin. (On the example of at least two works of your choice)
What are the features of A.S. Pushkin allowed a contemporary to call him "the ruler of the thoughts of the century"? (On the example of at least two works of your choice)
What is the lyrical hero love poetry A.S. Pushkin? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice)
What philosophical questions does the lyrics of A.S. Pushkin? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice)
How do political freedom and internal independence of the individual correlate in the poetry of A.S. Pushkin? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice)
The writing
As in the lyrics of A.S. Pushkin reveals the theme of friendship? (On the example of at least 2 poems of the student's choice.)
As in the work of A.S. Pushkin, the parting of the poet with romanticism was displayed? (On the example of at least two works of your choice.)
What "good feelings" does Pushkin's lyrics evoke? (On the example of at least 2 poems of the student's choice.)
What is the meaning of A.S. Pushkin in the concept of "freedom"? (On the example of at least 2 poems of the student's choice.)
The world of nature in the lyrics of A.S. Pushkin. (On the example of at least two poems by each of the poets of your choice.)
What does it mean for A.S. Pushkin's true friendship? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
Philosophical reflections in the lyrics of A.S. Pushkin. (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
What moral values are affirmed in the lyrics of A.S. Pushkin? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
What gave rise to A.S. Pushkin in the poem “I erected a monument to myself not made by hands ...” to assert that he “glorified freedom”? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
"Gypsies".
1. The theme of love in the poem by A.S. Pushkin "Gypsies".
2. Why couldn't Aleko get along in a gypsy camp? (Based on the poem by A.S. Pushkin "Gypsies".)
3. What is the meaning of the image of the old gypsy in the poemA.S. Pushkin's "Gypsies"
4. How are they opposite life positions Aleko and the old gypsy? (Based on the poem by A.S. Pushkin "Gypsies")
5. Features of the conflict in the poem by A.S. Pushkin "Gypsies".
The writing
The theme of love in the poem by A.S. Pushkin "Gypsies".
Why couldn't Aleko get along in a gypsy camp? (Based on the poem by A.S. Pushkin "Gypsies".)
"Station Master"
1. What is the strength and weakness of Samson Vyrin's character? (According to the story by A.S. Pushkin "The Stationmaster".)
2. As in the story of A.S. Pushkin's "The Stationmaster" reveals the theme of the "little man"?
The writing
1. What is the strength and weakness of the character of Samson Vyrin? (According to the story by A.S. Pushkin "The Stationmaster".)
"Tales of Belkin"
1. How is the theme of love revealed in Belkin's Tales? (According to one of the stories from the cycle of A.S. Pushkin "Belkin's Tales")
V.A. Zhukovsky
"Svetlana"
2. Romantic motifs in V.A. Zhukovsky (On the example of one of the ballads of your choice.
Lyrics
1. As the plot of the ballad V.A. Zhukovsky "Svetlana" is connected with its main idea - "faith in Providence"?
Why, reflecting on the eternal laws of life, V.A. Zhukovsky addresses the natural world? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
Features of romanticism in the ballads of V.A. Zhukovsky. (On the example of at least two ballads of your choice.)
What features of romanticism are present in the poetry of V.A. Zhukovsky? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
Why the lyrics of V.A. Zhukovsky attributed to romantic poetry? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
Why V.A. Zhukovsky is called the founder of Russian romanticism? (On the example of at least two works of your choice)
The writing
1. Features of romanticism in the ballads of V.A. Zhukovsky. (On the example of at least two ballads of your choice.)
2. Romantic motifs in V.A. Zhukovsky (On the example of one of the ballads of your choice.)
3. Why, reflecting on the eternal laws of life, does the poet turn to the natural world? (According to the lyrics by V.A. Zhukovsky.)
A.P. Chekhov
1. What and who is A.P. laughing at? Chekhov? (On the example of one or two works of your choice.)
2. As in the story of A.P. Chekhov's "Chameleon" combine funny and sad?
3. What human vices are denounced in satirical stories A.P. Chekhov? (On the example of one piece of your choice.)
4. Why A.P. Chekhov is called the master artistic detail? (On the example of one piece of your choice.)
5. Man and environment in the stories of A.P. Chekhov. (On the example of one or two stories of your choice.)
6. How does the “little man” appear in the works of A.P. Chekhov? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
7. As in the stories of A.P. Chekhov exposes voluntary slavery? (On the example of one piece of your choice.)
8. Why the story of A.P. Chekhov is called "The Death of an Official"?
9. As in the story of A.P. Chekhov's "Tosca" reveals the theme of loneliness?
The writing
1. As in the stories of A.P. Chekhov exposes voluntary slavery? (By 1– 2 stories by a writer of the student's choice.)
F.I. Tyutchev
1. How does Russian nature appear in the lyrics of F.I. Tyutchev? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.
2. Why F.I. Tyutchev is called a romantic poet? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
3. Why F.I. Tyutchev is usually called a "poet of thought"? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)4. Why are many poems by F.I. Tyutchev is attributed to philosophical lyrics? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
5. What embodiment in the lyrics of F.I. Tyutcheva got the idea of \u200b\u200bthe "universal animation of nature"? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
6. What philosophical questions does F.I. Tyutchev in his poems? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
7. What are the features of the image of nature in the lyrics of F.I. Tyutchev? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
8. As in the lyrics of F.I. Tyutchev, the theme of nature and philosophical reflections on the world and man are connected? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
9. Lyrical hero of poetry F.I. Tyutchev. (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
10. Mastery F.I. Tyutchev in creating pictures of nature. (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
The writing
1. Mastery F.I. Tyutchev in creating pictures of nature. (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
L.N. Tolstoy1. As in the works of L.N. Tolstoy, the theme of the spiritual growth of the individual is revealed? (On the example of one piece of your choice.)
2. What is moral issues prose L.N. Tolstoy? (On the example of one piece of your choice.)
3. As in the story of L.N. Tolstoy "After the Ball" is the theme of love related to social issues?
4. How does a frame composition (“a story within a story”) help to embody the author’s intention in L.N. Tolstoy "After the Ball"
5. What is the moral issue of L.N. Tolstoy "After the Ball"
6. When and why did Ivan Vasilievich's love for Varenka "wane"? (According to the story of L.N. Tolstoy "After the Ball".)
7. What does L.N. Tolstoy? (On the example of one piece of your choice.)
8. What do you see as the skill of L.N. Tolstoy in the creation of a person's character? (On the example of one piece of your choice.)
9. Why do you think L.N. Tolstoy changed the original title of his story "Daughter and Father" to "After the Ball"?
10. How are moral and social problems related in L.N. Tolstoy "After the Ball"
11. What is the role of L.N. Tolstoy's "After the Ball" plays a contrast technique?
M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin1. What vices does M.E. denounce in his satirical tales? Saltykov-Shchedrin? (On the example of one or two fairy tales of your choice.)
2. What human vices are ridiculed in the prose of M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
3. What are the main satirical devices used in the fairy tales of M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin? (On the example of one or two fairy tales of your choice.
4. What is the image of the people in the fairy tales of M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin? (On the example of one or two fairy tales of your choice.)
5. Who and for what does M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin in "The Tale of How One Man Feeded Two Generals"?
6. The meaning of the finale of M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin "The Wild Landowner".
7. The image of the people in the fairy tale M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin "The Wild Landowner".
8. Against what moral vices is the satire directed by M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin? (On the example of one or two fairy tales of your choice.)
9. What do you think is funny and what – sad in the tales of M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin? (On the example of one of the fairy tales of your choice.)
10. As in the title of the fairy tale by M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin “The Tale of How One Man Feeded Two Generals” reflects its problems?
11. What are the moral issues of M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin? (Based on one or two fairy tales by M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin of your choice)
12. What is philosophical meaning fairy tales by M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin wise gudgeon»?
essay
What are the main satirical devices used in M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin? (For example 1 –
What is the image of the people in the fairy tales of M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin? (Based on material 1 – 2 fairy tales of the student's choice.)
1. What is the Muse in the lyrics of N.A. Nekrasov? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
2. As in the poetry of N.A. Nekrasov, the theme of the suffering of the people is revealed? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)3. What is the originality of the lyrics of N.A. Nekrasov? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
4. Social issues lyrics by N.A. Nekrasov. (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
5. What aspects of the life of the people cause N.A. Nekrasov's feeling of compassion for him? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
6. What is the image of a man from the people in Nekrasov's poetry? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
7. What is the meaning of the dispute about the people in the poem by N.A. Nekrasov " Railway»?
8. What is the meaning of the image of the road in the poem by N.A. Nekrasov "Railway"
A.A. Feta
1. Why A.A. Fet can be called a poet-philosopher? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
2. What are the features of the image of the natural world in the lyrics of A.A. Feta? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
3. How are the themes of love and nature connected in A.A. Feta? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
4. Why A.A. Fet is called the poet of the moment? (On the example of at least two poems by a poet of your choice.)
5. How do man and nature relate in the art world A.A. Feta? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
6. Lyrical hero of A.A. Feta (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
7. How is the connection between the natural world and the human world shown in the lyrics of A.A. Feta? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
F.M. Dostoevsky
1. What is the inner world of the prose hero F.M. Dostoevsky? (On the example of one piece of your choice.)
2. What problems does F.M. Dostoevsky? (On the example of one piece of your choice.)
3. What acute life problems does the prose of F.M. Dostoevsky? (On the example of one piece of your choice.)
4. What moral values does F.M. Dostoevsky? (On the example of one piece of your choice)
5. How the inner world of the hero is revealed in the prose of F.M. Dostoevsky? (On the example of one of the works of your choice)
I.S. Turgenev
1. How does the world of the human soul appear in the prose of I.S. Turgenev? (On the example of one of the stories of your choice.)
2. What role in the stories of I.S. Turgenev play descriptions of nature? (On the example of one of the stories of your choice.)
3. What problems does I.S. Turgenev? (On the example of one of the stories of your choice.)
4. How does the world of the human soul appear in the prose of I.S. Turgenev? (On the example of one of the stories of your choice.)
V.M. Shukshina
1. The meaning of the title of the story by V.M. Shukshin "Cut off".
"Freak".
What is the author's attitude to the main character of the story V.M. Shukshin "Freak"?
What is the relationship between Vasily Knyazev and the people around him and why? (According to the story of V.M. Shukshin "Freak".)
What do you see as the features of the heroes of V.M. Shukshin? (On the example of one or two works of your choice.)
Why is Vasily Knyazev called a "freak"? (According to the story of V.M. Shukshin "Freak")
Why are many heroes of V.M. Shukshin are perceived by the surrounding "freaks"? (On the example of one of the stories of your choice)
The writing
1. What is the relationship between Vasily Knyazev and the people around him and why? (According to the story of V.M. Shukshin "Freak".)
2. What is the meaning of the title of the story by V.M. Shukshin "Cut off"?
A.I. Solzhenitsyn
1. What is the meaning of A.I. Solzhenitsyn in the concept of "righteous"? (According to the story "Matryonin Dvor")2. What features are endowed with the righteous in the image of A.I. Solzhenitsyn (According to the story "Matrenin Dvor")?
3. What features of the national character does the image of Matryona embody? (According to the story of A.I. Solzhenitsyn "Matryonin Dvor".)
4. What are the moral problems posed by A.I. Solzhenitsyn in the story "Matryonin Dvor" are relevant today?
5. What is the meaning of the title of the story by A.I. Solzhenitsyn "Matryonin Dvor"
6. The theme of righteousness and the image of the righteous in the story of A.I. Solzhenitsyn "Matryonin Dvor".
7. Why does the author call Matryona a righteous woman? (According to the story of A.I. Solzhenitsyn "Matryonin Dvor".)
8. The image of the narrator in the story of A.I. Solzhenitsyn "Matryonin Dvor".
9. How is the problem of material and spiritual values revealed in the story of A.I. Solzhenitsyn "Matryonin Dvor"
V.V. Mayakovsky
1. What do you think of the lyrical hero of V.V. Mayakovsky? (On the example of at least 2 poems of the student's choice.)
2. The theme of the poet and poetry in the lyrics of V.V. Mayakovsky. (On the example of at least two works of your choice.)
3. What is V.V. Mayakovsky sees the purpose of the poet? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
4. What values are affirmed in the poetry of V.V. Mayakovsky? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
5. How does the lyrical hero appear in the poetry of V.V. Mayakovsky? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
6. What is the meaning of the title of the poem by V.V. Mayakovsky's "Seated"?
7. How do the real and the fantastic correlate in the poem by V.V. Mayakovsky "An Extraordinary Adventure ..."?
M.A. Sholokhov
"Destiny of Man".
1. How does Andrei Sokolov manifest himself in a situation of moral choice? (According to the story of M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man".)
2. Why does the author call Andrei Sokolov "a man of unbending will"? (According to the story of M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man".)
3. What role did the meeting with Vanya play in the fate of Andrei Sokolov? (According to the story of M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man".)
4. What helps Andrei Sokolov to endure the trials of fate? (According to the story of M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man".)
5. How does Andrei Sokolov manifest himself in a situation of moral choice? (According to the story of M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man".)
6. Why the story of M.A. Sholokhov called "The Fate of Man"?
7. The theme of the family in the story of M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man".
8. How the war is depicted in M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man"
9. How is the theme of achievement revealed in M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man"
A.T. Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin".
1. The image of the national feat in the poem by A.T. Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin".
2. What qualities of the national character were embodied in the image of Vasily Terkin (based on the poem by A.T. Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin")?
3. What character traits of Terkin are opposed to the destructive power of war? (Based on the poem by A.T. Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin".)
4. Why Vasily Terkin from the poem of the same name by A.T. Tvardovsky became a truly folk hero?
5. What role in the poem "Vasily Terkin" A.T. Tvardovsky is played by the image of military everyday life?
6. How is the strength of character of the protagonist of the poem A.T. Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin"
7. What is the meaning of comparing Turkin with an old soldier? (According to the poem by A.T. Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin", chapter "Two Soldiers".)
8. Folklore traditions in the image of Vasily Terkin. (According to the poem by A.T. Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin")
9. Why Turkin remains optimistic despite hardships of military everyday life? (According to the poem by A.T. Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin")
I.A. Bunin
"Tanka".
1. The world of the human soul in the story of I.A. Bunin "Tanka".
2. How the world is seen by the main character of the story, I.A. Bunin "Tanka"
3. Why is the prose of I.A. Bunin is called lyrical? (On the example of one of the works of your choice)
"Mowers"
1. What is the image of the native land in the story of I.A. Bunin "Mowers"?
2. The theme of the motherland in the story of I.A. Bunin "Mowers".
1. What problems are posed in Bunin's prose? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
S.A. Yesenin
1. What are the features of the image of nature in the lyrics of S.A. Yesenin? (On the example of at least two works of your choice.)
2. What is the native nature in the lyrics of S.A. Yesenin? (On the example of at least two works of your choice.)
3. What is the Motherland in the poems of S.A. Yesenin "Birch", "Powder", "Goy you, Russia, my dear ..."?
4. What is the originality of the disclosure of the theme of the Motherland in the lyrics of S.A. Yesenin? (On the example of at least two works of your choice.)
5. As in the lyrics of S.A. Yesenin, the poet's love for his native land was embodied? (On the example of at least two works of your choice.)
6. What is the inner world of the lyrical hero in the poems of S.A. Yesenin? (On the example of at least two works of your choice.)
7. Folklore traditions in the poetry of S.A. Yesenin. (On the example of at least two poems of your choice)
8. What role do pictures of nature play in the lyrics of S.A. Yesenin? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice)
A.A. Block
1. What attracts you to the poetry of A.A. Blok? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
2. The lyrical hero of A.A. Blok. (On the example of at least two poems of your choice.)
1. Creativity of which poet of the second half of the 20th century is interesting to you and why? (On the example of at least two poems by one of the poets of your choice.)
2. How is the value of the human person affirmed in the works of Russian literature of the 20th century? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
3. The theme of spiritual disinterestedness in Russian literature of the second half XX
4. How is the theme of human moral duty revealed in Russian prose of the second half of the 20th century? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
5. The theme of the native land in Russian literature of the second half XX century. (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
6. What makes modern prose think about? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
7. As in the poetry of the second half XX century reveals the theme of war? (On the example of at least two poems by one of the poets of your choice.)
8. War in the lyrics of Russian poets of the second half of the twentieth century. (On the example of at least two poems by one of the poets of your choice.)
9. The theme of heroism in the literature about the Great Patriotic War. (On the example of one of the prose works of your choice.)
10. How does the war appear in the works of Russian literature of the second half of the twentieth century? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
11. How are its tragic and heroic aspects revealed in the literature of the 20th century about war? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
12. How is the drama of the relationship between man and nature shown in Russian literature of the second half of the 20th century? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
13. What social problems are revealed in Russian prose of the second half of the 20th century? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
14. What do writers of the 20th century focus on when portraying a man in a war? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
15. How is the problem of “man and war” revealed in the works of Russian literature of the 20th century? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
16. How is the value of the human person affirmed in the works of Russian literature of the second half of the 20th century? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
17. The tragedy of war in Russian prose of the second half of the twentieth century. (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
18. How is the relationship between man and nature understood in Russian prose of the 20th century? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)
19. How does war appear in the lyrics of Russian poets of the second half of the 20th century? (On the example of at least two poems by one of the poets of your choice.)
20. How is the theme of nature revealed in the lyrics of one of the poets of the second half of the 20th century? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice)
21. The theme of moral choice in Russian literature of the second half of the 20th century. (On the example of one of the prose works of your choice)
22. How is the theme of love revealed in the lyrics of one of the poets of the second half of the 20th century? (On the example of at least two poems of your choice)
Before the start of a new school year demos published on the official website of FIPI OGE options 2019 in literature (GIA grade 9).
The results of the exam can be used when enrolling students in specialized classes high school. The benchmark for selection in profile classes can be an indicator, the lower limit of which corresponds to 22 points.
Demo version of the OGE in literature 2019 (Grade 9) from FIPI
Changes in KIM 2019 compared to 2018
The criteria for checking and evaluating the performance of tasks with a detailed answer have been clarified: corrections have been made to the evaluation of tasks 1.1.1 and 1.1.2, 1.2.1 and 1.2.2 (the wording of criterion 1 with a description of the requirements for an answer of 2 points has been clarified); tasks 2.1–2.4 (in criterion 4, the count of logical errors was added).
The duration of the OGE in literature
235 minutes are allotted to complete the examination paper. Students are advised to allocate time in the following way: to complete the tasks of part 1 (three tasks for the text) - 120 minutes; to complete the task of part 2 (composition) - the remaining time.
See also:
Work instructions
The examination paper in literature consists of two parts.
Part 1 includes two alternatives containing the text of the work of art and questions to it. You need to choose ONE of the two options.
The first option is focused on the analysis of a fragment of an epic (or dramatic, or lyrical) work; the second - to the analysis of a lyric poem (or fable). Having chosen one of the options for work, read the proposed text and sequentially complete three tasks that require writing a detailed answer of a limited volume. When completing the first two tasks (1.1.1, 1.1.2 or 1.2.1, 1.2.2), give an answer in the approximate amount of 3-5 sentences based on the text.
The third task (1.1.3 or 1.2.3) involves not only thinking about the proposed text, but also comparing it with another work or fragment, the text of which is also given in the examination paper (the approximate length of the answer is 5–8 sentences). When completing the tasks of part 1, try to formulate direct coherent answers, avoid lengthy introductions and characteristics, follow the rules of speech.
The indication of the volume of answers in part 1 is conditional, the assessment of the answer depends on its content. Part 2 contains four topics of the essay that require an extended written discussion. Choose ONE of the topics offered to you and write an essay of at least 200 words, arguing your reasoning and referring to the text of a work of art (if the essay is less than 150 words, then it is rated 0 points). All OGE forms are filled in with bright black ink.
You can use a gel or capillary pen. When performing all tasks, rely on the author's position, formulate your point of view, use theoretical and literary concepts to analyze the work. During the exam, it is allowed to use the full texts of works of art, as well as collections of lyrics.
235 minutes are given to complete the work.
When completing tasks, you can use a draft. Entries in the draft, as well as in the text of the control measuring materials, are not taken into account when evaluating the work. Write down all the answers of the examination paper clearly and legibly.
The points you get for completed tasks are summed up. Try to complete as many tasks as possible and score the most points.
- Burns, Robert - short biography
- The concept of common vocabulary and vocabulary of limited use
- Nancy Drew: The Captive Curse Walkthrough Nancy Drew Curse of Blackmoore Manor Walkthrough
- Deadpool - Troubleshooting
- Won't start How to Survive?
- What to do if bioshock infinite won't start
- Walkthrough Nancy Drew: Alibi in Ashes
- Spec Ops: The Line - game review, review Spec ops the line crashes on missions
- Room escape level 1 walkthrough
- Processing tomatoes with boric acid How much will 2 grams of boric acid
- Cucumber Grass (Borago)
- Bioinsecticide Lepidocid: purpose, properties and application procedure Lepidocide waiting period
- How to change the language to Russian in steam
- Dendrobium noble: room care
- Morphology of plants general concepts - document
- Planting, propagation and care of bamboo at home, photo Growing bamboo from seeds
- How to strengthen the cellular signal for the Internet in the country
- Sanskrit reveals the forgotten meaning of Russian words (2 photos)
- The oldest language Sanskrit programming language of the future Dead language Sanskrit
- Who has dominion over all the earth?