Biography of Valentin Rasputin: milestones in life, key works and social position. Valentin Rasputin - Biography

Valentin Grigorievich is a faithful son of the Russian land, a defender of its honor. His talent is akin to a holy spring that can quench the thirst of millions of Russians. Having tasted the books of Valentin Rasputin, knowing the taste of his truth, you no longer want to be content with surrogates for literature.

Born March 15, 1937 in the village of Ust-Uda Irkutsk region. Father - Rasputin Grigory Nikitich (1913-1974). Mother - Rasputina Nina Ivanovna (1911-1995). Wife - Rasputina Svetlana Ivanovna (born in 1939), pensioner. Son - Rasputin Sergey Valentinovich (born in 1961), teacher of English language. Daughter - Rasputina Maria Valentinovna (born in 1971), art critic. Granddaughter - Antonina (born in 1986).

In March 1937, a son, Valentin, appeared in the family of a young worker of the regional consumer union from the district village of Ust-Uda, lost on the taiga coast of the Angara almost halfway between Irkutsk and Bratsk, who later made this wonderful land famous all over the world. Soon, the parents moved to the family father's nest - the village of Atalanka. The beauty of the nature of the Angara region overwhelmed the impressionable boy from the very first years of his life, settled forever in the hidden depths of his heart, soul, consciousness and memory, sprouted in his works with grains of fertile shoots that nourished more than one generation of Russians with their spirituality.

The place on the banks of the beautiful Angara has become the center of the universe for a talented boy. No one doubted that he was like that - in the village, after all, anyone from birth is visible at a glance. Valentin learned literacy and numeracy from an early age - he was very greedily drawn to knowledge. A smart boy read everything that came across: books, magazines, scraps of newspapers. His father, returning from the war as a hero, was in charge of the post office, and his mother worked in a savings bank. A carefree childhood was cut short at once - a bag with state money was cut off from his father on a steamer, for which he ended up in Kolyma, leaving his wife with three young children to their fate.

There was only a four-year-old in Atalanka. For further studies, Valentin was sent to the Ust-Uda secondary school. The boy grew up on his own hungry and bitter experience, but the indestructible craving for knowledge and not a childishly serious responsibility helped to survive. Rasputin would later write about this difficult period of his life in the story "French Lessons", surprisingly reverent and truthful.

There were only fives in Valentin's matriculation certificate. A couple of months later, in the summer of the same 1954, having brilliantly passed the entrance exams, he became a student of the philological faculty of Irkutsk University, was fond of Remarque, Hemingway, Proust. I did not think about writing - it is clear that the time has not come yet.

Life was not easy. I thought about mother and children. Valentine felt responsible for them. Earning a living wherever possible, he began to bring his articles to the editorial offices of radio and youth newspapers. Even before defending his thesis, he was accepted into the staff of the Irkutsk newspaper "Soviet Youth", where the future playwright Alexander Vampilov also came. The genre of journalism sometimes did not fit into the framework of classical literature, but allowed to acquire life experience and get back on your feet. After the death of Stalin, my father was amnestied, he returned home disabled and barely reached 60 years old ...

In 1962, Valentin moved to Krasnoyarsk, the topics of his publications became larger - the construction of the Abakan-Taishet railway, the Sayano-Shushenskaya and Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power stations, impact work and the heroism of youth, etc. New meetings and impressions no longer fit into the framework newspaper publications. His first story, "I forgot to ask L?shka", imperfect in form, poignant in content, sincere to the point of tears. At a logging site, a fallen pine tree touched a 17-year-old boy. The bruised place began to turn black. Friends undertook to accompany the victim to the hospital, which is 50 kilometers on foot. At first they argued about the communist future, but Leshka was getting worse. He didn't make it to the hospital. And friends never asked the boy if happy humanity would remember the names of simple hard workers, such as they and L?shka ...

At the same time, Valentin's essays began to appear in the Angara anthology, which became the basis of his first book, The Land Near the Sky (1966), about the Tafalars, a small people living in the Sayans.

However, the most significant event in the life of the writer Rasputin happened a year earlier, when at once, one after another, his stories “Rudolfio”, “Vasily and Vasilisa”, “Meeting” and others appeared, which the author still includes in published collections. With them, he went to the Chita meeting of young writers, among the leaders of which were V. Astafiev, A. Ivanov, A. Koptyaeva, V. Lipatov, S. Narovchatov, V. Chivilikhin. The last one became godfather"A young writer, whose works were published in the capital's publications ("Spark", " TVNZ") and interested wide circle readers "from Moscow to the outskirts." Rasputin still continues to publish essays, but most of his creative energy is given to stories. Their appearance is expected, they show interest. In early 1967, the story "Vasily and Vasilisa" appeared in the weekly " Literary Russia" and became the tuning fork of Rasputin's prose, in which the depth of the characters' characters is cut with jeweler's precision by the state of nature. It is an integral part of almost all the works of the writer.

Vasilisa did not forgive a long-standing insult to her husband, who somehow took an ax out of a drunkenness and became the culprit in the death of their unborn child. For forty years they lived side by side, but not together. She is in the house, he is in the barn. From there he went to war, and returned there. Vasily was looking for himself in the mines, in the city, in the taiga, he remained beside his wife, he also brought the lame Alexandra here. Vasily's cohabitant awakens in her a waterfall of feelings - jealousy, resentment, anger, and later - acceptance, pity and even understanding. After Alexandra left to look for her son, with whom the war separated them, Vasily still remained in his barn, and only before Vasily's death did Vasilisa forgive him. Vasily saw and felt it. No, she did not forget anything, she forgave, removed this stone from her soul, but remained firm and proud. And this is the power of the Russian character, which neither our enemies nor ourselves are destined to know!

In 1967, after the publication of the novel Money for Mary, Rasputin was admitted to the Writers' Union. Came fame and fame. They started talking about the author seriously - his new works become the subject of discussion. Being an extremely critical and demanding person, Valentin Grigorievich decided to deal only with literary activity. Respecting the reader, he could not afford to combine even such close creative genres as journalism and literature.

In 1970, his story "The Deadline" was published in the journal Our Contemporary. It has become a mirror of the spirituality of our contemporaries, the kind of bonfire where people wanted to warm themselves so as not to freeze in the hustle and bustle of city life. What is it about? About all of us. We are all children of our mothers. And we also have children. And as long as we remember our roots, we have the right to be called Humans. The bond between a mother and her children is the most important on earth. It is she who gives us strength and love, it is she who leads through life. Everything else is less important. Work, success, connections, in essence, cannot be decisive if you have lost the thread of generations, if you have forgotten where your roots are. So in this story, Mother waits and remembers, she loves each of her children, regardless of whether they are alive or not. Her memory, her love does not let her die without seeing her children. According to an alarm telegram, they gather in native home. The mother no longer sees, and does not hear, and does not get up. But some unknown force awakens her consciousness as soon as the children arrive. They have matured a long time ago, life has scattered them around the country, but they are unaware that these are the words of a mother's prayer that spread the wings of angels over them. The meeting of close people who had not lived together for a long time, who almost broke the thin thread of the relationship, their conversations, disputes, memories, like water in a dried desert, revived the mother, gave her a few happy moments before her death. Without this meeting, she could not go to another world. But most of all, they needed this meeting, already hardened in life, losing family ties in separation from each other. The story "The Deadline" brought Rasputin worldwide fame and was translated into dozens of foreign languages.

The year 1976 gave fans of V. Rasputin a new joy. In Farewell to Mat?ra, the writer continued to paint the dramatic life of the Siberian hinterland, showing us dozens brightest characters, among which amazing and unique Rasputin old women still dominated. It would seem that these uneducated Siberians are famous for what long years life either failed, or did not want to see Big world? But their worldly wisdom and experience gained over the years are sometimes worth more than the knowledge of professors and academicians. The old women of Rasputin are a special person. Strong-willed and strong in health, these Russian women are from the breed of those who "stop a galloping horse, enter a burning hut." It is they who give birth to Russian heroes and their faithful girlfriends. Whether it is their love, hatred, anger, or joy, our mother earth is strong. They know how to love and create, argue with fate and win over it. Even being offended and despised, they create, but do not destroy. But other times have come, which the old people cannot resist.

It consists of many islands that sheltered people on the mighty Angara, the island of Mat?ra. The ancestors of the old people lived on it, plowed the land, gave it strength and fertility. Their children and grandchildren were born here, and life either seethed or flowed smoothly. Here characters were forged and fates were tested. And the island village of the century would stand. But the construction of a large hydroelectric power station, such people need and the country, but leading to the flooding of hundreds of thousands of hectares of land, the flooding of all past life along with arable land, fields and meadows, for young people this, perhaps, was a happy exit into great life, for the elderly - death. In fact, it is the fate of the country. These people do not protest, do not make noise. They are just grieving. And the heart is torn from this aching melancholy. And nature echoes them with its pain. In this novel and stories of Valentin Rasputin continue best traditions Russian classics - Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Bunin, Leskov, Tyutchev, Fet.

Rasputin does not break into accusations and criticism, does not become a tribune and herald, calling for a riot. He is not against progress, he is for a reasonable continuation of life. His spirit rises against the trampling of traditions, against loss of memory, against apostasy from the past, its lessons, its history. Russian roots national character precisely in succession. The thread of generations cannot, must not be interrupted by "Ivans who do not remember kinship." The richest Russian culture rests on traditions and foundations.

In the works of Rasputin, human versatility is intertwined with the subtlest psychologism. The state of soul of his heroes is a special world, the depth of which is subject only to the talent of the Master. Following the author, we plunge into the whirlpool life events of his characters, imbued with their thoughts, follow the logic of their actions. We can argue with them and disagree, but we cannot remain indifferent. So this harsh truth of life takes over the soul. Is among the heroes of the writer still pools, there are almost blissful people, but basically they are powerful Russian characters who are akin to the freedom-loving Angara with its rapids, zigzags, smooth expanse and dashing agility.

The year 1977 was a significant year for the writer. For the story "Live and Remember" he was awarded the State Prize of the USSR. The story of Nastya, the wife of a deserter, is a topic that was not customary to write about. In our literature, there were heroes and heroines who performed real feats. Whether on the front line, deep in the rear, surrounded or in a besieged city, in a partisan detachment, at a plow or at a machine tool. People with strong characters, suffering and loving. They forged Victory, bringing it closer step by step. They could doubt, but still made the only right decision. Such images brought up the heroic qualities of our contemporaries, served as an example to follow.

Nastya's husband returned from the front. Not a hero - during the day and throughout the village with honor, but at night, quietly and stealthily. He is a deserter. The end of the war is already in sight. After the third, very difficult wound, he broke down. Come back to life and suddenly die? He could not overcome this fear. The war took away from Nastya herself best years, love, affection, did not allow her to become a mother. If something happens to her husband, the door to the future will slam in front of her. Hiding from people, from her husband's parents, she understands and accepts her husband, does everything to save him, rushes about in the winter cold, making her way into his lair, hiding fear, hiding from people. She loves and is loved, perhaps for the first time like this, deeply, without looking back. The result of this love is the future child. long-awaited happiness. No, it's a shame! It is believed that the husband is at war, and the wife is walking. Her husband's parents, fellow villagers, turned away from Nastya. The authorities suspect her in connection with the deserter and are watching. Go to her husband - indicate the place where he is hiding. Do not go - starve him to death. The circle closes. Nastena rushes to the Angara in despair.

The soul is torn to pieces from the pain for her. It seems that the whole world goes under water with this woman. There is no more beauty and joy. The sun will not rise, the grass will not rise in the field. The forest bird will not fill with a trill, it will not sound children's laughter. Nothing alive will remain in nature. Life ends on the most tragic note. She, of course, will be reborn, but without Nastena and her unborn child. It would seem that the fate of one family, and grief is all-encompassing. So there is some truth. And most importantly - there is the right to display it. Silence, no doubt, it would be easier. But no better. This is the depth and drama of Rasputin's philosophy.

He could write multi-volume novels - they would be enthusiastically read and filmed. Because the images of his heroes are excitingly interesting, because the plots attract with the truth of life. Rasputin preferred convincing brevity. But at the same time, how rich and unique is the speech of his heroes (“some kind of secret girl, quiet”), the poetry of nature (“tight snows, taken in crust, tinkled from the first icicles, we first melted the air”). The language of Rasputin's works flows like a river, replete with wonderful-sounding words. Every line is a storehouse of Russian literature, speech lace. Should it happen that only the works of Rasputin reach the descendants in the following centuries, they will be delighted with the richness of the Russian language, its power and originality.

The writer manages to convey the intensity of human passions. His heroes are woven from the traits of a national character - wise, flexible, sometimes rebellious, from diligence, from being itself. They are popular, recognizable, live next to us, and therefore are so close and understandable. At the gene level, with mother's milk they pass next generations accumulated experience, generosity and resilience. Such wealth is richer than bank accounts, more prestigious than positions and mansions.

A simple Russian house is the fortress behind the walls of which human values. Their carriers are not afraid of defaults and privatization, they do not replace conscience with well-being. Goodness, honor, conscience, justice remain the main measures of their actions. It is not easy for the heroes of Rasputin to fit into the modern world. But they are not strangers in it. These are the people who define existence.

Years of perestroika, market relations and timelessness have shifted the threshold moral values. About this story "In the hospital", "Fire". People are looking for and evaluate themselves in a difficult modern world. Valentin Grigorievich also found himself at a crossroads. He writes little, because there are times when the artist's silence is more disturbing and creative than words. This is the whole of Rasputin, because he is still extremely demanding of himself. Especially at a time when new Russian bourgeois, brothers and oligarchs emerged as "heroes".

In 1987, the writer was awarded the title of Hero Socialist Labor. He was awarded the Orders of Lenin, the Red Banner of Labor, the Badge of Honor, the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree (2004), and became an honorary citizen of Irkutsk. In 1989, Valentin Rasputin was elected to the Union Parliament, under M.S. Gorbachev became a member of the Presidential Council. But this work did not bring moral satisfaction to the writer - politics is not his destiny.

Valentin Grigoryevich writes essays and articles in defense of the desecrated Baikal, working in numerous commissions for the benefit of people. The time has come to pass on experience to the young, and Valentin Grigorievich became the initiator of the annual autumn holiday"Shine of Russia", which gathers the most honest and talented writers in the Siberian city. He has something to tell his students.

Many of our eminent contemporaries in literature, cinema, on the stage and in sports come from Siberia. They absorbed strength and their sparkling talent from this land. Rasputin lives for a long time in Irkutsk, every year he visits his village, where there are native people and native graves. Next to him are relatives and close in spirit people. This wife is a faithful companion and the most close friend, reliable assistant and simple loving person. These are children, granddaughter, friends and like-minded people.

Valentin Grigorievich is a faithful son of the Russian land, a defender of its honor. His talent is akin to a holy spring that can quench the thirst of millions of Russians. Having tasted the books of Valentin Rasputin, knowing the taste of his truth, you no longer want to be content with surrogates for literature. His bread is bitter, without frills. It is always freshly baked and flavorless. It is not able to become stale, because it has no statute of limitations. Such a product has been baked in Siberia for centuries, and it was called eternal bread. So the works of Valentin Rasputin are unshakable, eternal values. Spiritual and moral baggage, the burden of which not only does not pull, but also gives strength.

Living in unity with nature, the writer still unobtrusively, but deeply and sincerely loves Russia and believes that her strength is enough for spiritual revival nation.

Soviet and Russian writer, prose writer Valentin Grigoryevich Rasputin was born in the village of Ust-Uda, Irkutsk Region. Soon the parents moved to the village of Atalanka, which subsequently fell into the flood zone after the construction of the Bratsk hydroelectric power station.

The father of the future writer Grigory Rasputin, demobilized after the Great Patriotic War, worked in Atalanka as a postmaster. After some time, his bag with public money was cut off, for which his father was arrested and convicted. He returned under an amnesty after Stalin's death as an invalid, his mother had to raise three children almost alone.

In 1954, Valentin Rasputin graduated from high school and entered the first year of the Faculty of History and Philology of the Irkutsk state university.

In parallel with his studies at the university, he collaborated with the newspaper "Soviet Youth". He was accepted to the staff of the newspaper before his graduation from the university in 1959.

In 1961-1962, Rasputin served as editor of the literary and dramatic programs of the Irkutsk television studio.

In 1962, he moved to Krasnoyarsk, where he got a job as a literary collaborator in the Krasnoyarsk Rabochiy newspaper. As a journalist, he collaborated with the newspapers "Soviet Youth", "Krasnoyarsk Komsomolets".

Rasputin's first story "I forgot to ask Leshka..." was published in 1961 in the Angara anthology. Stories and essays began to be published there. future book writer "The edge near the sky". The next publication was the story "A Man from This World", published in the newspaper "Vostochno-Sibirskaya Pravda" (1964).

The first book by Valentin Rasputin, The Land Near the Sky, was published in 1966. In 1967, the book "A Man from This World" and the story "Money for Mary" were published.

In full force, the writer's talent was revealed in the story "Deadline" (1970). This was followed by the story "French Lessons" (1973), the story "Live and Remember" (1974) and "Farewell to Matera" (1976).

In 1981, his stories "Natasha", "What to tell the crow", "Live for a century - love a century" were published. In 1985, Rasputin's story "Fire" was published, which aroused great interest among the reader due to the acuteness and modernity of the problem posed.
In the 1990s, the essays "Down the Lena River" (1995), the stories "To the same land" (1995), "Remembrance Day" (1996), "Unexpectedly" (1997), "Father limits" (1997).

In 2004, the presentation of the writer's book "Ivan's Daughter, Ivan's Mother" took place.

In 2006, the third edition of the album of essays "Siberia, Siberia" was published.

Based on the works of Valentin Rasputin, the films "Rudolfio" (1969, 1991) directed by Dinara Asanova and Vasily Davidchuk, "French Lessons" (1978) by Yevgeny Tashkov, "Bear Skin for Sale" (1980) by Alexander Itygilov, "Farewell" ( 1981) Larisa Shepitko and Elema Klimova, "Vasily and Vasilisa" (1981) by Irina Poplavskaya, "Live and Remember" (2008) by Alexander Proshkin.

Since 1967, Valentin Rasputin has been a member of the Writers' Union of the USSR. In 1986, he was elected Secretary of the Board of the Union of Writers of the USSR and Secretary of the Board of the Union of Writers of the RSFSR. He was co-chairman and board member of the Union of Writers of Russia.

In the first half of the 1980s, Rasputin began to engage in social activities, becoming the initiator of a campaign to save Lake Baikal from the effluents of the Baikal Pulp and Paper Mill. He published essays and articles in defense of the lake, took an active part in the work of environmental commissions. In August 2008, as part of a scientific expedition, Valentin Rasputin made it to the bottom of Lake Baikal on the Mir deep-sea manned submersible.

Rasputin actively opposed the project to divert the northern and Siberian rivers, which was canceled in July 1987.

In 1989-1990, the writer was a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, a member of the Presidential Council of the USSR.

In 1992, Rasputin was elected co-chairman of the Russian National Council (RNS), at the first council (congress) of the RNS he was re-elected co-chairman. In 1992, he was a member of the political council of the National Salvation Front (FNS).

Since 2009, the writer has been co-chairman of the Church-Public Council for Protection from the Alcohol Threat.

Valentin Rasputin was a laureate of the State Prize of the USSR (1977, 1987), the State Prize of Russia (2012), the Prize of the President of the Russian Federation in the field of literature and art (2003). In 1987 he was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor. The writer was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor (1971), the Red Banner of Labor (1981), two orders of Lenin (1984, 1987), as well as orders of Russia - "For Merit to the Fatherland" IV and III degrees (2002, 2007), Alexander Nevsky ( 2011).

Valentin Rasputin was a laureate of numerous awards, including the prize of the Irkutsk Komsomol named after Iosif Utkin (1968), the prize named after L.N. Tolstoy (1992), St. Innocent of Irkutsk Prize (1995), Alexander Solzhenitsyn Literary Prize (2000), F.M. Dostoevsky (2001), Alexander Nevsky Prize "Russia's Faithful Sons" (2004).

2008 Writer's Award The big Book in the nomination "For Contribution to Literature".

In 2009, Valentin Rasputin was awarded the Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of culture.

In 2010, the writer received the award of the Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Brothers Enlighteners of the Slavs Cyril and Methodius.

Recipient of the International Unity Foundation Prize Orthodox peoples(2011), Yasnaya Polyana awards (2012).

On March 14, 2015, Valentin Rasputin died in Moscow. It took place in the Cathedral of Christ the Savior. The writer was buried in Irkutsk on the territory of the Znamensky Monastery. In connection with his death, there was a three-day mourning in the Irkutsk region.

Valentin Rasputin was married to Svetlana Rasputina (1939-2012), daughter of the famous Siberian poet Ivan Molchanov-Sibirsky. Their son Sergey (born in 1961) is an English teacher. Daughter Maria (born in 1971) is a graduate of the Moscow Conservatory, talented musician and teacher, in the accident of an Airbus A-310 at Irkutsk airport on July 9, 2006.

Shortly before his death, the writer married Olga Loseva.

On March 15, 2017, the Museum of Valentin Rasputin will open in Irkutsk in the building of the monument of regional importance "House with Gates".

The material was prepared on the basis of information from RIA Novosti and open sources

Valentin Grigoryevich Rasputin (1937-2015) - Russian writer, laureate of numerous USSR state prizes, publicist and public figure. He was born on March 15, 1937 in the village of Ust-Uda, East Siberian (Irkutsk) region of the Russian Federation. He has the title of Hero of Socialist Labor. The writer was often called the "singer of the village", in his works he glorified Russia.

Difficult childhood

Valentine's parents were ordinary peasants. Shortly after the birth of their son, the family moved to the village of Atalanka. Subsequently, this area was flooded after the construction of the Bratsk hydroelectric power station. The father of the future prose writer participated in the Great Patriotic War, after demobilization, he got a job as a postmaster. Once, during a business trip, a bag of public money was taken away from him.

After this situation, Gregory was arrested, for the next seven years he worked in the mines of Magadan. Rasputin was released only after Stalin's death, so his wife, a simple savings bank employee, had to raise three children alone. The future writer from childhood admired the beauty of Siberian nature, he repeatedly described it in his stories. The boy loved to read, the neighbors generously shared books and magazines with him.

Prose writer's education

Rasputin studied at primary school villages of Atalanca. To finish high school, he had to travel 50 kilometers from home. Later, the young man described this period of life in his story "French Lessons". After graduating from high school, he decided to enroll in Faculty of Philology Irkutsk University. Thanks to an excellent certificate, the young man easily managed to become a student.

Valentin from childhood realized how difficult it was for his mother. He sought to help her in everything, earned money and sent money. In the student period of his life, Rasputin begins to write short notes for a youth newspaper. His work was influenced by the passion for the works of Remarque, Proust and Hemingway. From 1957 to 1958 the guy becomes a freelance correspondent for the publication "Soviet Youth". In 1959, Rasputin was accepted into the staff, in the same year he defended his diploma.

Life after university

For some time after graduation, the prose writer works at a television studio and in an Irkutsk newspaper. The editor of the newspaper paid special attention to the story called "I forgot to ask Lyoshka." Later, in 1961, this essay was published in the Angara anthology.

In 1962, the young man moved to Krasnoyarsk and received a position as a literary worker in the Krasnoyarsk Rabochiy newspaper. He often visited the construction sites of the local hydroelectric power station and the Abakan-Taishet highway. The writer drew inspiration even from such seemingly unsightly landscapes. Stories about the construction were later included in the collections "The Land Near the Sky" and "Campfires of New Cities".

From 1963 to 1966 Valentin works as a special correspondent for the Krasnoyarsky Komsomolets newspaper. In 1965, he participated in the Chita seminar together with other novice writers. There, the young man is noticed by the writer Vladimir Chivilikhin, later it was he who helped publish Valentine's works in the Komsomolskaya Pravda publication.

The first serious publication of the prose writer was the story "The wind is looking for you." After some time, the essay "Stofato's Departure" was published, it was published in the magazine "Spark". Rasputin had his first admirers, soon more than a million Soviet residents read him. In 1966, the first collection of the writer was published in Irkutsk under the title "The Land Near the Sky". It includes old and new works written in different periods of life.

A year later, a second book of stories was published in Krasnoyarsk, it was called "A Man from This World." At the same time, the Angara almanac publishes the story of Valentin Grigorievich "Money for Mary". A little later, this work was published as a separate book. After publication, the prose writer becomes a member of the Writers' Union and finally stops doing journalism. He decided to devote his later life exclusively for creativity.

In 1967, the weekly "Literaturnaya Rossiya" published the following essay by Rasputin under the title "Vasily and Vasilisa". In this story, you can already trace the original style of the writer. He was able to reveal the characters of the characters with very concise phrases, and story line always supplemented by descriptions of landscapes. All the characters in the prose writer's works were strong in spirit.

Creativity Peak

In 1970, the story "Deadline" was published. It is this work that is considered one of the key in the author's work, people all over the world read the book with pleasure. It was translated into 10 languages, critics called this work "a fire near which you can warm your soul." The prose writer emphasized simple human values ​​that everyone should remember. He raised questions in his books that his colleagues did not dare to speak about.

Valentin Grigoryevich did not dwell on this, in 1974 his story “Live and Remember” was published, and in 1976 - “Farewell to Matyora”. After these two works, Rasputin was recognized as one of the best contemporary writers. In 1977 he received the State Prize of the USSR. In 1979, Valentin became a member of the editorial board of the series " Literary monuments Siberia".

In 1981, the stories “Live for a century - love a century”, “Natasha” and “What to convey to a crow” were published. In 1985, the writer published the story "Fire", which touched readers to the core due to acute and modern issues. Over the following years, the essays "Unexpectedly, Unexpectedly", "Down the Lena River" and "Father's Limits" were published. In 1986, the prose writer was elected secretary of the board of the Writers' Union, later he managed to become co-chairman.

last years of life

Most Rasputin spent his life in Irkutsk. In 2004, the prose writer presented his book Ivan's Daughter, Ivan's Mother. Two years later, the third edition of the collection "Siberia, Siberia" appeared on sale.

Valentin Grigorievich was the owner of many prestigious awards. He was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor. The prose writer was a holder of the Orders of Lenin and the Red Banner of Labor. In 2008 he received an award for his contribution to Russian literature. In 2010, the writer was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature. At the same time, his stories include school curriculum for extracurricular reading.

In adulthood, Rasputin began to actively participate in journalistic and social activities. The prose writer had a negative attitude towards the period of perestroika, he did not perceive liberal values, remaining with his conservative views. The writer fully supported the position of Stalin, considered it the only true one, did not recognize other options for the worldview.

From 1989 to 1990 he was a member of the Presidential Council during the reign of Mikhail Gorbachev, but colleagues did not listen to the opinion of Valentin. Later, the writer stated that he considered politics too dirty, he reluctantly recalled this period of his life. In the summer of 2010, Rasputin was elected a member of the Patriarchal Council for Culture, he represents Orthodox Church.

On July 30, 2012, the writer joins the ranks of the persecutors of the feminist Pussy bands Riot. He calls for capital punishment for girls, and also criticizes everyone who supported them. Rasputin published his statement under the title "Conscience does not allow silence."

In 2013, a joint book by Rasputin and Viktor Kozhemyako entitled "These Twenty Killing Years" appeared on store shelves. In this work, the authors criticize any changes, deny progress, arguing that in recent years the people have degraded. In the spring of 2014, the prose writer became one of the residents of Russia who supported the annexation of Crimea.

Personal life and family

Valentin was married to Svetlana Ivanovna Rasputina. The woman was the daughter of the writer Ivan Molchanov-Sibirsky, she always supported her husband. The prose writer repeatedly called his wife his muse and like-minded person, they had an excellent relationship.

The couple had two children: in 1961, a son, Sergei, was born, and a daughter was born ten years later. On July 9, 2006, she died in a plane crash. At that time, Maria was only 35 years old, she successfully studied music, played the organ. The tragedy crippled the health of the writer and his wife. Svetlana Ivanovna died on May 1, 2012 at the age of 72. The writer's death came three years later. On March 14, 2015, he died in Moscow, a few hours before his birthday.

In 1966, Rasputin's talent was noted at the Chita Seminar for Young Writers of Eastern Siberia and the Far East (1965), and he was recommended to the Writers' Union of the USSR. Rasputin's first story "Money for Mary" was a great success with readers. Criticism noted it as Rasputin's transition from "taiga romance and poeticization strong characters in their mysterious unity with nature "to a deep psychologism, which will then accompany everything further creativity writer. Rasputin will test his heroes, subjecting them to the test of conscience, money, love for mother, loyalty to home and country, attitude to the world and nature in each story. The story "Deadline" (1970) brought Rasputin worldwide fame. Since the beginning of the 1970s, Rasputin's novels and stories have been published in numerous publishing houses of the country, translated into the languages ​​of all republics (now - "near abroad"), published in many European countries, Japan, USA. In 1977 Rasputin was awarded the State Prize of the USSR for the story "Live and Remember", in 1987 the State Prize was awarded for the story "Fire". Rasputin is a member of the Board of the Union of Writers of the USSR and the RSFSR (since 1985), was repeatedly elected secretary of both unions, since 1994 - co-chairman of the Board of the Union of Writers of Russia. In the 1980s and 1990s, he worked a lot in the genre of journalism, wrote essays and reflections on the fate of the cherished corners of Siberia. His book “Siberia, Siberia...” (1991), illustrated with photographs from Irkutsk B.V. Dmitriev, immediately became a bibliographic rarity upon publication. He was elected a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the last convocation, was an adviser to the Presidential Council under M. S. Gorbachev. Member of the editorial boards of many newspapers and magazines governing bodies social movements whose activities are dedicated to the revival of Russia. The initiator and inspirer of holding the annual Days of Russian Spirituality and Culture "" in Irkutsk since 1994.

Irkutsk. Historical and local lore dictionary. 2011

Lived and worked in Irkutsk and Moscow. March 12, 2015 was hospitalized, was in a coma. Died March 14, 2015.

Social and political activity

With the beginning of "perestroika" Rasputin joined the broad socio-political struggle. The writer takes a consistent anti-liberal position, signed, in particular, an anti-perestroika letter condemning the Ogonyok magazine (Pravda, 01/18/1989), Letter from Russian Writers (1990 | 1990), Word to the People (July 1991) , appeal of the 43rd "Stop the reforms of death" (2001). The winged formula of counter-perestroika was P. A. Stolypin’s phrase quoted by Rasputin in his speech at the First Congress of People’s Deputies of the USSR: “You need great upheavals. We need a great country."

On March 2, 1990, the Literaturnaya Rossiya newspaper published a Letter from Writers of Russia addressed to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR and the Central Committee of the CPSU, where, in particular, it was said:

“In recent years, under the banner of the declared “democratization”, the construction of a “rule of law”, under the slogans of the fight against “fascism and racism”, the forces of social destabilization have been unleashed in our country, the successors of open racism have come to the forefront of ideological restructuring. Their refuge is multi-million circulation periodicals, television and radio channels broadcasting throughout the country. Massive harassment, defamation and persecution of representatives of the indigenous population of the country, which is essentially declared “outlawed” from the point of view of that mythical “legal state”, in which, it seems, there will be no place for either Russian or other indigenous peoples of Russia, is taking place, unprecedented in the entire history of mankind. ".

Rasputin was among the 74 writers who signed this appeal.

In 1989-1990 - People's Deputy of the USSR.

In the summer of 1989, at the first Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR, he first proposed the withdrawal of Russia from the USSR.

In 1990-1991 - Member of the Presidential Council of the USSR under M. S. Gorbachev. Commenting on this episode of his life in a later conversation with V. Bondarenko, V. Rasputin remarked:

“My journey to power ended in nothing. It was completely in vain. […] With shame I remember why I went there. My premonition deceived me. It seemed to me that there were still years of struggle ahead, but it turned out that there were some months left before the collapse. I was like a free app that wasn't even allowed to talk."

In Irkutsk, Rasputin contributes to the publication of the newspaper Literary Irkutsk.

In 2007, Rasputin came out in support of Zyuganov.

A family

Father - Grigory Nikitich Rasputin (1913-1974), mother - Nina Ivanovna Rasputina (1911-1995).

Wife - Svetlana Ivanovna (1939–2012), daughter of the writer Ivan Molchanov-Sibirsky, Native sister Evgenia Ivanovna Molchanova, wife of the poet Vladimir Skif. She died May 1, 2012 at the age of 72.

Daughter - Maria Rasputina (May 8, 1971 - July 9, 2006), musicologist, organist, teacher at the Moscow Conservatory. She died on July 9, 2006 as a result of a plane crash that occurred at the airport, at the age of 35.

Son - Sergei Rasputin (1961), teacher of English.

Compositions

Tale

1. Money for Mary (1967)
2. Deadline (1970)
3. Live and Remember (1974)
4. Farewell to Matera (1976)
5. Fire (1985)
6. Ivan's daughter, Ivan's mother (2003)

Stories and essays

1. I forgot to ask Alyoshka... (1965)
2. The Edge Near the Sky (1966)
3. Campfires of New Cities (1966)
4. Up and Downstream (1972)
5. French Lessons (1973)
6. Live a century - love a century (1982)
7. Siberia, Siberia (1991)
8. These Twenty Killing Years (co-authored with Viktor Kozhemyako) (2013)

Screen adaptations

1969 - "Rudolfio", dir. Dinara Asanova

1969 - "Rudolfio", dir. Valentin Kuklev (student work at VGIK) video

1978 - "French Lessons", dir. Evgeny Tashkov

1980 - "Farewell", dir. Larisa Shepitko b Elem Klimov.

1980 - “Bear skin for sale”, dir. Alexander Itygilov.

1981 - "Vasily and Vasilisa", dir. Irina Poplavskaya

2008 - "Live and Remember", dir. Alexander Proshkin

Awards

Hero of Socialist Labor (1987), two Orders of Lenin (1984, 1987), Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1981), Order of the Badge of Honor (1971), Order of Merit for the Fatherland III degree (March 8, 2007), Order of Merit for the Fatherland IV degree (October 28, 2002). Laureate (1977, 1987) international award named after Fyodor Dostoevsky, Alexander Solzhenitsyn Prize " for the poignant expression of poetry and tragedy folk life, in conjunction with Russian nature and speech; sincerity and chastity in resurrection good beginnings ”, Sergei Aksakov Literary Prize (2005). Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation (2010), State Prize of Russia (2012). Honorary citizen of Irkutsk (1986).

Memory

The name of Valentin Rasputin was given to the ISU Scientific Library.

In 2015, the Baikal International Festival of Popular Science and Documentary Films "Man and Nature" was named after Valentin Rasputin.

In 2015, the name of Valentin Rasputin was given to school No. 12 in the city (Irkutsk region), in March 2016, a memorial plaque in honor of the writer was installed on the facade of the school building.

March 19, 2015 the name of Valentin Rasputin was assigned high school No. 5 in Uryupinsk (Volgograd region).

Application. Valentin Rasputin. Biographical sketch

“I was born three hundred kilometers from,” says the writer, “in, what on. So I am a native Siberian, or, as we say, local. My father was a peasant, worked in the timber industry, served and fought ... In a word, he was like everyone else. Mother worked, was a housewife, barely managed her affairs and family - as far as I remember, she always had enough worries ”(Questions of Literature. 1976. No. 9).

Rasputin's childhood passed in the lower reaches, in the small village of Atalanka, which was later moved ashore. From 1944 to 1948 he studied at the Atalan primary school, from 1948 to 1954 at the Ust-Uda secondary school.

In 1954 he entered the Faculty of History and Philology of the Irkutsk University.

“In Moscow, they openly say that they do not know what to do with Eastern Siberia. This was discussed at a recent forum in Irkutsk. It seems that they are going to transfer us to some states: they are selling a map of our minerals so that they know where and what to mine from us. It's not a fairy tale, that's for sure. Thousands of Chinese move here, settle down, work, settle down. In Blagoveshchensk they no longer know where to go from them. The prospects are very bleak... Games of justice, talk about human rights... What kind of human rights are people with native land, from their native graves they drive!

Literature

1. Russian Mouth // Rasputin V. Siberia… Siberia…: Essays. - M., 1991. - S.221-264
2. Rasputin V. On Indigirka, next to the ocean // pink seagull. - 1991. - No. 1. - S.195-201.
3. Rasputin V. writer and time: Sat. document. prose. - M., 1989. - S.4-50.
4. Rasputin V. Russian Mouth: From the book "Siberia, Siberia ..." // Our contemporary. - 1989. - No. 5. - S.3-40.
5. Valentin Rasputin. Ivan's daughter, Ivan's mother. Tale // article from the magazine "Our Contemporary". - 2003. - № 11.
6. Chuprinin S. Russian literature today. New guide. - M., 2009.

1. We have the Kulikovo Field, they have a “field of miracles”: Valentin Rasputin in a conversation with Viktor Kozhemyako //

Siberia magazine No. 357/2 (2015) is entirely dedicated to Valentin Rasputin.

Biography of the writer

Valentin Grigorievich Rasputin

15.03.1937 - 14.03.2015

Russian writer, publicist, public figure, full member of the Academy Russian literature, Honorary Professor of the Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University. V.P. Astafieva, honorary citizen of the city of Irkutsk, honorary citizen of the Irkutsk region. Author of many articles devoted to literature, art, ecology, the preservation of Russian culture, the preservation of Lake Baikal. Novels, short stories, essays and articles by V.G. Rasputin translated into 40 languages ​​of the world. Many works have been staged in the theaters of the country and filmed.

Most famous works : the stories "Money for Mary" (1967), "Deadline" (1970), "Live and Remember" (1974), "Farewell to Matyora" (1976), "Ivan's Daughter, Ivan's Mother" (2003); stories "Meeting" (1965), "Rudolfio" (1966), "Vasily and Vasilisa" (1967), "French Lessons" (1973), "Live for a century - love a century" (1981), "Natasha" (1981), "What to tell the crow?" (1981); book of essays "Siberia, Siberia ..." (1991).

V. G. Rasputin was born on March 15, 1937 in Ust-Uda. Mother - Nina Ivanovna Chernova, father - Grigory Nikitich Rasputin. The building of the polyclinic in which he was born has been preserved. future writer. When flooded, it was dismantled and moved to the new settlement of Ust-Uda. In 1939, the parents moved closer to their father's relatives, to Atalanka. The writer's paternal grandmother is Maria Gerasimovna (nee Vologzhina), grandfather is Nikita Yakovlevich Rasputin. The boy did not know his grandparents from his mother, his mother was an orphan.

From grades 1 to 4, Valentin Rasputin studied at the Atalan elementary school. From 1948 to 1954 - at the Ust-Uda secondary school. Received a matriculation certificate with only fives, a silver medal. In 1954 he became a student of the Faculty of History and Philology of the Irkutsk State University. March 30, 1957 in the newspaper "Soviet Youth" appeared the first article by Valentin Rasputin "There is no time to be bored" about the collection of scrap metal by students of school number 46 in Irkutsk. After graduating from the university, V. G. Rasputin remained a staff member of the newspaper "Soviet Youth". In 1961 he got married. His wife was Svetlana Ivanovna Molchanova, a student of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of ISU, eldest daughter famous writer I. I. Molchanov-Sibirsky.

In the autumn of 1962, V. G. Rasputin left for Krasnoyarsk with his wife and son. Works first in the newspaper Krasnoyarsky Rabochiy, then in the newspaper Krasnoryasky Komsomolets. In Krasnoyarsk, bright, emotional essays by V. G. Rasputin were written, differing in the author's style. Thanks to these essays, the young journalist received an invitation to the Chita Seminar for Young Writers of Siberia and the Far East (autumn 1965). The writer V. A. Chivilikhin noted the artistic talent of the beginning writer. In the next two years, three books by Valentin Rasputin were published: “Campfires of New Cities” (Krasnoyarsk, 1966), “The Land Near the Sky” (Irkutsk, 1966), “A Man from This World” (Krasnoyarsk, 1967).

In 1966, V. G. Rasputin left the editorial office of the Krasnoyarsky Komsomolets newspaper and moved to Irkutsk. In 1967 he was admitted to the Writers' Union of the USSR. In 1969 he was elected a member of the Bureau of the Irkutsk Writers' Organization. In 1978, he joined the editorial board of the series "Literary Monuments of Siberia" of the East Siberian Book Publishing House. In 1990-1993 was the compiler of the newspaper "Literary Irkutsk". On the initiative of the writer, since 1995 in Irkutsk and since 1997 in the Irkutsk region, the Days of Russian Spirituality and Culture "Shine of Russia" have been held, Literary Evenings"This summer in Irkutsk". In 2009, V. G. Rasputin took part in the filming of the film The River of Life (dir. S. Miroshnichenko), dedicated to the flooding of villages during the launch of the Bratsk and Boguchanskaya hydroelectric power stations.

The writer died in Moscow on March 14, 2015. He was buried on March 19, 2015 in the necropolis of the Znamensky Monastery (Irkutsk).

Valentin Grigorievich Rasputin was awarded the USSR State Prize in 1977 in the field of literature, art and architecture for the story "Live and Remember", the USSR State Prize in 1987 in the field of literature and architecture for the story "Fire", the State Prize of the Russian Federation in the field of literature and art in 2012 g., Prize of the Irkutsk OK VLKSM them. I. Utkina (1968), Diploma of the Soviet Committee for the Defense of Peace and the Soviet Peace Fund (1983), Prizes of the magazine "Our Contemporary" (1974, 1985, 1988), Prize to them. Leo Tolstoy (1992), Prize to them. St. Innocent of Irkutsk (1995), the Moscow-Penne Prize (1996), the Alexander Solzhenitsyn Prize (2000), the Literary Prize. F. M. Dostoevsky (2001), Prize. Alexander Nevsky "Russia's Faithful Sons" (2004), Award "Best Foreign Novel. XXI century "(China) (2005), Literary Prize. S. Aksakov (2005), Prize of the International Fund for the Unity of Orthodox Peoples (2011), Prize " Yasnaya Polyana» (2012). Hero of Socialist Labor with the award of the Order of Lenin and the gold medal "Hammer and Sickle" (1987). Other state awards of the writer: the Order of the Badge of Honor (1971), the Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1981), the Order of Lenin (1984), the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree (2002), the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, III degree (2008).

March 15th. Was born in peasant family Grigory Nikitich (born in 1913) and Nina Ivanovna Rasputin in the village of Ust-Uda, Ust-Udinsky district, Irkutsk region. Childhood years were spent in the village of Atalanka, Ust-Udinsky district.

Time of study at the Atalan Primary School.

Time of study in the 5-10th grades of the Ust-Udinsk secondary school.

Studying at the Faculty of History and Philology of the Irkutsk State University named after I.I. A. A. Zhdanova.

March. Started working as a freelance correspondent for the newspaper "Soviet Youth".

January. He was accepted into the staff of the editorial office of the newspaper "Soviet Youth" as a librarian.
Continues to work in the newspaper "Soviet Youth". Published under the pseudonym V. Kairsky.

January March. In the first issue of the anthology "Angara" the first story "I forgot to ask Alyoshka ..." was printed (in later editions "I forgot to ask Lyoshka ...").
August. He resigned from the editorial office of the newspaper "Soviet Youth" and took the position of editor of literary and dramatic programs of the Irkutsk television studio.
November 21. Birth of son Sergei.

July. He was fired from the Irkutsk television studio along with S. Ioffe for a program about the fate of the Siberian writer P. Petrov. Restored with the intervention of L. Shinkarev, but did not work at the studio.
August. Departure to Krasnoyarsk with his wife Svetlana Ivanovna Rasputina. Hired as a literary employee of the Krasnoyarsk Rabochiy newspaper.

February. He moved to the position of special correspondent at the editorial office of the Krasnoyarsky Komsomolets newspaper.

September. Participation in the Chita zonal seminar for novice writers, meeting with V. A. Chivilikhin, who noted the talent of the novice author.

March. He left the editorial office of the Krasnoyarsky Komsomolets newspaper for professional literary work.
He returned with his family to Irkutsk.
In Irkutsk, in the East Siberian Book Publishing House, a book of essays and stories "The Land Near the Sky" was published.

May. Admitted to the Writers' Union of the USSR.
July August. In the anthology "Angara" No. 4, the story "Money for Mary" was first published.
The Krasnoyarsk book publishing house published a book of short stories "A Man from This World".

Elected to the editorial board of the almanac "Angara" (Irkutsk) (since 1971 the almanac has been called "Siberia").
He was elected a member of the Bureau of the Irkutsk Writers' Organization.
The Irkutsk television studio showed the play "Money for Mary" based on the story of the same name by V. Rasputin.

March 24-27. Delegate of the III Congress of Writers of the RSFSR.
July August. In the magazine "Our Contemporary" No. 7-8, the first publication of the story "The Deadline" appeared.
Elected to the Audit Commission of the Union of Writers of the RSFSR.
A trip to Frunze took place as part of the club of the Soviet-Bulgarian youth creative intelligentsia.

May. He made a trip to Bulgaria as a member of the club of the Soviet-Bulgarian youth creative intelligentsia.
May 8 Daughter Maria was born.

In the magazine "Our Contemporary" No. 10-11, the story "Live and Remember" was first published.
The father of the writer Grigory Nikitich died.

Member of the editorial board of the Literaturnaya Rossiya newspaper.

May. Made a trip to Hungary People's Republic as a member of the delegation of the Union of Writers of the USSR.
December 15-18. Delegate of the IV Congress of Writers of the RSFSR.

June 21-25. Delegate of the VI Congress of Writers of the USSR.
Elected to the Audit Commission of the Union of Writers of the USSR.
July. Trip to Finland with prose writer V. Krupin.
September. Trip to Federal Republic Germany together with Y. Trifonov at the book fair in Frankfurt am Main.
The story "Farewell to Matyora" was first published in the magazine "Our Contemporary" No. 10-11.

September. Participation in the work of the first world exhibition-fair of books (Moscow).
Elected as a deputy of the Irkutsk Regional Council of People's Deputies of the sixteenth convocation.
Moscow Theatre. M. N. Yermolova staged the play "Money for Mary" based on the story of the same name.
The Moscow Art Theater staged the play "Deadline" based on the play by V. Rasputin.

March. He made a trip to the GDR at the invitation of the Volk und Welt publishing house.
The television film "French Lessons" directed by E. Tashkov was released on the screens of the country.
The VAAP publishing house (Moscow) released the play "Money for Mary".
October. A trip to Czechoslovakia as part of a delegation of the Writers' Union of the USSR.
December. A trip to West Berlin for creative purposes.

March. He made a trip to France as part of the VLAP delegation.
October November. A trip to Italy for the "Days of the Soviet Union" in Turin.
Elected as a deputy of the Irkutsk Regional Council of People's Deputies of the seventeenth convocation.

December. Delegate of the V Congress of Writers of the RSFSR. Elected to the board of the RSFSR joint venture.

June 30-July 4. Delegate of the VII Congress of Writers of the USSR.
Elected to the board of the USSR SP.
Came out on screen Feature Film directed by I. Poplavskaya "Vasily and Vasilisa".
Participation in an off-site meeting of the Council for Russian Prose of the Union of Writers of the RSFSR. The results of the work and the speech of V. Rasputin were published in the journal "Sever" No. 12.
In the almanac "Siberia" No. 5, the story "What to convey to the crow?" is printed.
The feature film "Farewell" directed by L. Shepitko and E. Klimov was released.

June 1-3. Delegate of the IV Congress All-Russian Society protection of historical and cultural monuments (Novgorod).

A trip to Germany for a meeting organized by the Interlit-82 club.
Came out documentary East Siberian studio "Irkutsk with us", filmed according to the script by V. Rasputin.