Dance has been used by people since ancient times as a tool for relationships. People danced during all significant events, in their anticipation and for the glory of what happened. This happened outside the door of the woman in labor and near the deathbed. With the development of civilization, dances have become a subject of art for a person. They were assigned a strict place, limited by the boundaries of decency reasons for dancing. But in human nature there is a love for dance, and then dance therapy was invented.

The foundations of this science were laid by famous psychologists. Among them are Freud, Adler, Jung. This science was promoted by A. Duncan, M. Wigman, Rudolf von Laban.

The first dance therapist in the world is considered to be the American dancer Marion Chase. She worked in the 30s of the last century. Her work was based on strict teaching the rules of various dances. However, the woman noticed that people dance more relaxed, and give themselves up to invented movements with great enthusiasm. Their body is liberated, and a smile plays on their faces. She began to build her lessons on the combination of spontaneous dance and traditional movements.

To help emotions get out, a person must dance.

In 1966, America's first dance association was founded. In the 90s, the movement, popular by that time in the West, came to us.

Dance Movement Therapy: Theory and Practice

dance therapy has a positive effect on people who do not know how to express emotions, and suffer from this. Classes with dance therapists are based on individual basis, as well as in groups. For a teacher of courses, a psychological and dance education is required. The principle of working in a group is simple - those present receive a task, complete it and share their impressions with each other.

The benefits of dance therapy are threefold:

The state of health, blood supply and physical form are normalized;
A person, feeling himself in a new hypostasis, acquires a great;
Learns using body language.

Classes help:

Group dance therapy

The difference in teaching in group dance therapy is that the people who come to the group become one whole process. They look like a dance in a round dance or improvisation in a group. Particular attention is paid to the synchronism of gestures and movements, the unity of the students' experiences. The groups are divided into pairs, where one of the partners plays the chosen role, and the second tries to force him to give up his position with the help of body movements. Many students complain that new faces appear in groups and familiar ones disappear. But it helps those who remain learn to quickly adapt to change and find common ground with new people.

Dance therapists try to teach people to understand a partner through his movements, to look for the true background of his actions and actions. Conversations in the group are replaced by a dance, where each of those who were listened to expresses their thoughts with the help of dance steps. If the group members are inclined to talk today, the classes are held in the form of a monologue followed by a discussion. If today they want to dance more than talk, the teacher follows the desires of the group.

Dance Therapy - Exercises

There are several exercises that all dance therapists use in their lessons. If you are unable to attend dance groups, use their experience in self-study. So, exercises for dance therapy:

Dance of individual parts of the body.

Turn on the music and dance. First with one hand, then with the other, then with each foot separately, and so on. Be sure to “dance” with your face - lips, eyes, forehead muscles. As you dance, remember what feelings you experienced at what moment. Write them down in a notebook.

We move as best we can.

Now, which one you like best, and dance to it as you see fit. Change the motive to the opposite, and move under it. Write down how your mood has changed depending on the change in dance and music.

Music style.

Select musical works in different styles. Try to eliminate the ones you don't like. Turn on in a row and dance, choosing movements spontaneously. Fix your attitude to each style, and write down your feelings.

In front of the mirror.

Looking at yourself in the mirror, dance. What feelings does the person who dances on the other side of the reflective surface evoke in you?

Get dressed.

Try putting on a costume show for yourself. According to each musical style, dress up and dance.

Are you a tiger or a rabbit?

Imagine that you are an animal and move like the character you are portraying. Now explain why you chose a tiger, a rabbit, or a kitten.

Try to move to the music the way you imagine any work. For example, washing or ironing clothes. Take as a template your regular activities - brushing your teeth, eating, shaving, etc. Change movements, experiment.

professional dance.

Turn on clips or TV shows that have a lot of music and professional dancing. Copy their movements and pa. What feelings do you experience?

Put a reproduction of the picture in front of you. Try to express her mood in dance.

We dance like others.

Remember how your friends dance. Reproduce their movements. What feelings did you have?

Sitting position.

Sit on the floor and move to the music in a sitting position.

Lying position.

Now stretch out on the bed or on the floor and keep dancing to the music.

Imagination.

Turn on the music, close your eyes, and try to imagine how you would like to move to it.

"Partner".

Take a toy, a chair, or an umbrella as a partner. Anything that comes to your mind and does not interfere with moving around is suitable as a “partner” for dancing.

And so on until you can hold objects in your arms, armpits and between your legs.

Who needs dance therapy?

People who feel disharmony between body and spirit turn to dance therapists. This feeling arises from an early age, when a child does not feel the love of parents and people around him, when he is haunted by a sense of guilt for his actions, when he has to learn to survive in the world around him on his own. Including, if in adolescence a person experienced a feeling of dissatisfaction with his body. This feeling does not disappear even with the years. A person seeks and finds in dance therapy awareness of himself, body and personality.

The whole process is based on the struggle of opposites or the achievement of what was considered unattainable. In addition, a person, discovering new opportunities in himself, learns to think creatively. He examines himself from different points of view, begins to really look at things, and correctly evaluate actions and misconduct.

Dance therapists give students the opportunity to feel the rhythm of music and express inner feelings with the help of body movements. They evoke from the hidden corners of the soul of every person those experiences and problems that have not found solutions. They help to find answers to questions that a person has been looking for in vain for years.

Dance movement therapy (dance therapy) is a unique type of psychotherapy that originates in the art of dance. It is based on the connection between mind and body.

If you strengthen and develop this connection, then the state of mind and psyche will be more. During the dance, you can recognize, experience and express different feelings and emotions.

In the process of dance movement therapy, it is possible to improve your communication skills and improve communication. During the session, confidence is developed, the ability to recognize and express emotions, mindfulness is trained and a positive image of oneself is formed.

On the physical level in the process of therapy, such qualities as balance, coordination and a sense of rhythm improve. Increased range of motion and ability to improvise. TDT helps reduce tension and develop a caring, respectful attitude towards your body.

In the process of dancing, the brain integrates information coming from the visual, auditory, vestibular and somatosensory systems. In order to process all incoming information during movement, different parts of the cerebral cortex and subcortical nuclei fire simultaneously.

Dance regulates the levels of serotonin and dopamine in the body. In turn, the level of concentration of these hormones is associated with fatigue, stress, insomnia and other factors. promotes cognitive processes, concentration levels, creativity and spontaneity and gets in touch with your inner resources.

Dance therapy can take place in a group, individually, as well as for couples.

Initially, in culture, dance was an expression of feelings. He conveyed what a person feels in this world. Ancient man "danced" his fears, danced his grief and happiness. Not one ritual of transition or birth, the initiation of boys into men, girls into girls, weddings and deaths did not take place without dancing. Man expressed in dance his relationship with higher powers.

The mechanism of the influence of dance on a person modern science were only explored in the twentieth century. However, our ancestors did not need these explanations, they knew how to use psychophysical practices aimed at expanding the boundaries of our consciousness.

American dancer Marion Chase is the first dance therapist. Initially, she was interested in the emotional side of the dance and the feelings that the dancer conveys. A little later, the technique of performance became less interesting for her and she gave her preference to the expression of feelings in free plastique.

Back in 1946, she became convinced of the power of dance movements while working with hospitalized psychiatric patients. Marion worked with the most difficult patients, with whom verbal therapies simply did not work. They were too complicated and the main task, of course, in working with psychiatric patients is to improve their communication skills and bodily reintegration - the return to a person of awareness of his body.

During treatment, instinctively patients experienced involuntary joy, which began to bring a therapeutic effect. Marion worked successfully for many years and was able to identify a large number of favorably influencing the psychological components of the dance.

In the 1960s, research on nonverbal behavior and the role of the body in matters mental health also influenced practice. In 1966, the American Dance Therapy Association (ADTA) was formed, which developed standards for training and certification in this area.

Wilhelm Reich is considered the founder of body therapy. It was he who was able to prove that many psychological and physical problems are formed in childhood:

All the fears that originated in a person in childhood and were suppressed over time lead to the fact that the muscles become stiff. The first cause of many mental and physical illnesses are various clamps and blocks that appear from the accumulation of negative experiences and thoughts. All muscle tension can be completely dissolved if natural breathing and spontaneous movements are restored.

This is what Wilhelm Reich sought, because he was sure that positive emotional outbursts had a good effect on the psyche.

Dance Therapy Methods

There are several methods and techniques for working with the body:

• Attention to bodily sensations;
• Emotional motor expression;
• Analysis;
• Re-accommodation.

Organized different groups dance therapy. Clinical is the main one. It may take several years, but the effect will be guaranteed. Clinical therapy helps such patients who have speech disorders in communication with other people.

There is a more difficult kind, which is applied to people with psychological problems. The method is based on analytical psychology. Dance therapy is carried out both individually and in a group where other patients are present. This type helps to solve any specific psychological problems of a person.

Another method of dance therapy was created for those people who do not have problems, but something in their life does not suit them. This helps them find their hidden “I”, express themselves in a new way and interact with other people.

Treatment begins with light exercises, thanks to which the body is tuned to work. Exercises and tasks are structured so that a person can get to know himself and his body.

The dance therapist is also a participant in the event, fully involved in the process along with his patients. He creates direction, assigns assignments, and monitors the changes his methods bring to each patient.

Indications for use

People with psychological problems, as well as healthy people who want to find inner balance, find benefit in dance therapy. Problems that this therapy can solve:

1. Provides a safe outlet for negative emotions and aggression;
2. Helps to analyze and get rid of bad thoughts and feelings;
3. Changes the attitude towards his body to a more conscious one;
4. Helps to get rid of problems in communicating with strangers, thanks to the communicative experience gained in the group;
5. Increases self-esteem and develops creativity.

For those who often stay in bad mood or experiencing stress, dance therapy is essential. Therapy also helps to solve such psychological problems as jealousy, dissatisfaction with family relationships, fears, phobias, feelings of loneliness, increased anxiety.

What problems can be treated with dance therapy?

Dance therapists work with people in therapy to help them improve mentally and physically. TDT is a universal form of therapy based on the idea that movement and emotion are interrelated. The creative expression of dance therapy can strengthen communication skills and inspire dynamic relationships. It is commonly used to treat physical, psychological, cognitive and social problems.

Physical problems:

• chronic pain
• childhood obesity
• Arthritis
• High blood pressure
• Cardiovascular diseases

Mental health issues:

• Anxiety
• Depression
• Disordered food
• Low self-esteem
• post traumatic stress

Cognitive problems:

• Dementia
• Communication problems, sociability

Social Issues:

• Autism
• Aggression / violence
• Complex social interaction
• family conflict

How effective is dance therapy?

Research has shown that dance therapy can be effective in treating mental health issues such as disordered eating, depression, and anxiety. Some recent examples include:

• Journal Research The Arts in Psychotherapy(2007), showed that dance therapy had positive influence participants experiencing symptoms of depression.
• Research conducted American Journal of Dance Therapy(2004), which included 54 students in a dance therapy violence prevention program, found that aggression among participants decreased and social behavior increased.
• Study from Alzheimer's Care Today(2009) suggests that TDT may directly improve memory recall in people with dementia.
• In a review of the literature from American Journal of Dance Therapy indicated that TDT can be good option treatment for children on the autism spectrum.
• Due to its social and physical components, dance movement therapy is also being considered as a treatment option for childhood obesity.

Key principles of TDT

1. Body and mind are interconnected, so changing one affects the other.
2. Movement can express aspects of personality.
3. Part of the therapeutic relationship is conveyed through non-verbal means.
4. Movements can be symbolic and represent an unconscious process.
5. Improvisation of movement, experimentation can lead to new sensations and perception of the surrounding reality.

Features of dance therapy for children

Dancing is one of the most enjoyable ways. There are dance classes in every kindergarten. Healthy children simply jump to the music in the form of a game, and for children with disabilities are created dance programs with a curative focus. Doctors have created dance therapy complexes for children with visual, hearing and musculoskeletal disorders.

Improved Physical. Dancing is active physical actions, and children who regularly participate in dance classes improve their physical health significantly. According to the Pro Dance Center, regular dance practice can increase your child's flexibility, range of motion, physical strength and endurance. The repetitive movements associated with dance can improve muscle tone, correct poor posture, increase balance and coordination, and improve overall health.

Dancing is an aerobic form of exercise. It could potentially help overweight children lose weight and improve their eating habits. .

Benefits of socialization. Apart from physical activity, dancing is also a social activity. According to FamilyTalk Magazine, dance lessons can help kids improve their social and communication skills: learn how to work in a team, develop a sense of trust and cooperation, and make new friends.

If your child is shy, dancing can encourage them to socialize with other children their own age and help reduce anxiety about new people or places. can also help alleviate fears associated with speaking in front of an audience.

Dance therapy for the elderly

The world's older population is projected to nearly double by 2050, and cases of dementia and depression are expected to increase in tandem. Therefore, there is a great need for integrated, non-pharmaceutical methods that enhance cognitive, psychosocial and motor functions and improve the overall quality of life of older people.

Studies show that dance movement therapy can significantly improve mood among the elderly, as well as improve cognitive function and sensorimotor performance (Kshtriya, Barnstaple, Rabinovich, DeSouza, American Journal of Dance Therapy, 2015) .

Dancing can also help prevent falls, improve gait and balance, and reduce the need for submission techniques. And many elders find it more enjoyable than other forms of physical activity.

Dance therapy improves and increases the range of motion, develops coordination. Renders deep positive influence on the lives of older people. It is much more than just pleasant entertainment - it is real medicine.

Dance Therapy - Exercises

Dance therapy uses special exercises, such as:

• Free swing;
• Movements that require concentration and control over the body;
• Alternating concentration and relaxation;
• Movement around the premises in a strictly defined way.

Classes or dance sessions consist of several stages:

On the first, the therapist will listen to you and find out what is important to you at the moment and what you expect from the process. At this point, all organizational issues are discussed.

Second phase begins with a warm-up, which takes a few minutes and consists of exercises that, in the form of a warm-up, prepare the body for work. Spontaneous free-form movements are performed under different music. Exercises include shaking, rocking, clapping.

The main part consists of tasks aimed at achieving therapeutic goals. The stage consists of developing a theme for the entire group, the members of which must interact with each other.

In the final stage class, a topic is developed that can use all the space that is provided to the group. The sequence of actions and the speed of the participants must change.

Third stage is the completion stage. The stage of reflection, which is necessary in order to formulate the experience in words and deepen the therapeutic process.

Whatever your story, you always have the choice to trust and take a step into the unknown. Let movement into your life.

Irina Gorbacheva dance therapy (video)

We also invite you to watch a video, a project using dance therapy "I'm dancing in Moscow":

And also the clip of Polina Gagarina "Dance with me" with the participation of Irina Gorbacheva, where she says: "Dance therapy works differently, it opens, protects and heals"!

Conclusion

Dance, which is based on the natural impulses of your body and born from the very depths of the soul, is able to destroy many barriers in the head, as well as help to find the real you. Spontaneously born movements are able to free us from anxious thoughts. Man acquires new way thinking through your body. In the process of such treatment, a person acquires harmony and health.

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Illness is just a result, an external indicator of our emotions and experiences. It doesn't make sense to treat her with pills. The physical state depends solely on the state of the psyche.
The urban rhythm of life leads to muscle clamps.

One of the best and effective means, relieving muscle tension this is dance. =)

Relax the body - relax the mind, suppressed emotions are released, energy flows freely through the channels of the body, improving health and general condition.

Dance improvisation - these are ways of spontaneous movement, where we can express ourselves and our feelings. A person gains the opportunity to know himself from the inside and feel the integrity of the physical and mental.

In healing dance, it is not necessary to have dance skills, it is important to feel and express yourself in dance. You need to dance not only with your body, but also with your soul, eyes, smiling inside.

Tasks:

• Follow the inner process to release and uncover the information that underlies symptoms, pain, bodily discomfort, and movement restrictions.
• Learn to understand your body language and use dance moves to fully express your feelings.
• Development of self-esteem, self-acceptance, trust in yourself and in life.

Dance improvisation helps:

1. Resolve internal emotional conflicts, get rid of stress.
2. Express feelings for which there are no words.
3. Release your body from muscle tension, gain ease in movement.
4. Get access to inner resources and creative forces.

The essence of dance therapy is to express your condition or problem with movement. To "live" the mood, the conflict, the feeling, the sensation in the dance, and that means going half way to recovery.

By creating our dance, we create a space in which we reincarnate, acting out our experiences. “Dancing” our state, we are freed from muscle clamps that prevent us from living a full life.

The body is able to recover, you just need to learn how to handle it correctly, to be able to “negotiate”. Diseases of the body are caused by psychological blocks that are felt on the physical level.

Distrust of one's own body, dislike for one's bodily appearance, inability to perceive one's spiritual and physical "I" as a whole - dozens of others grow out of these problems.

Dance saves people from complexes, teaches them to be friends with their body, to understand its language. Only first you need to dance your “dance of the soul”, and only then move on to classical rhythms.

The goal of dance therapy is to remove the limitations of the individual.

The bodily expression of emotional health is grace of movement, good muscle tone, good contact with the surrounding people and with the ground under their feet, a clear look and a soft, pleasant voice.

Dance is spontaneous transformation inner world into a movement that awakens creativity and the potential to change the old way of life.

Technique of dance improvisation.

While standing, feel your body as a whole, “enter the state”. Track areas of discomfort or those that do not fit into the overall feeling of the body. Focus on them and let the body make some movement. Any. The main thing is that the mind does not interfere with its assessments of “right or wrong”, “beautiful or not”. Surrender to the sensations and move the way the body wants.

Finish when you feel complete. Usually the body itself stops. You don't have to lead this process. Also work through psychological problems or dancing themes.

Improvisation to music is an expression of bodily sensations caused by music.

Dance and Movement Therapy

Dance Movement Therapy (TDT) is a field of psychotherapy. As a separate direction, it took shape around the 50-70s of the 20th century, at the beginning in the USA, and then in the 60-80s in Great Britain, Germany and Israel.
In the 80-90s, TDT was developed in other countries of Europe, Asia, Australia and Russia. official year The birth of TDT in Russia can be considered 1995, when the Association of TDT in Moscow was established. It is clear that unofficially it all started much earlier.
Dance-Movement Therapy uses movement and creative expression in the context of a psychotherapeutic relationship that shifts from a purely verbal to a body-oriented approach. The process includes verbal and non-verbal communication, in the process of which creatively actualizes self-expression, self-acceptance,
the ability to make choices, make decisions and consciously develop, making your life more fulfilling, creative and meaningful.

TDT is an interdisciplinary field: it exists at the intersection of psychotherapy and dance art. In addition, it is nourished by many other areas of knowledge. Among them: anatomy, physiology, psychophysiology, kinesiology, neuropsychology, various theories of movement and dance, psychology, etc., - i.e. almost everything that can be attributed to the areas of knowledge about the body, movement, dance, psyche, creative process and creative expression.

MAIN SOURCES OF TDT

It is impossible to understand the essence of TDT without referring to the main sources that feed TDT as a separate school of psychotherapy.
In this regard, four historical aspects should be distinguished:

1. This is the development of science, and above all psychoanalytic schools, associated with the discovery of psychic reality by Z. Freud and the consideration of the psyche as the dynamics of conscious and unconscious processes in human ontogenesis. Z. Freud gave impetus to the development of depth psychology, where three main schools can be distinguished:

Psychoanalysis of Z. Freud
- Individual psychology of A. Adler
- analytical psychology K.Jung.

By the 1940s and 1950s, psychoanalytic trends were sufficiently established in psychotherapy as an alternative to traditional hypnosis. Numerous other schools have emerged that have either refuted or developed these basic theories and practices - thus making invaluable contributions to the general understanding of psychological laws.

TDT was born, already relying on traditions and new psychotherapeutic schools and directions. Dance therapists (depending on their inclinations and general psychotherapeutic training and experience) could use the universal language of movement to relate and contrast their practice with any psychological concepts. TDT is a kind of meta-level that can draw a parallel and combine the knowledge, experience and concepts of various psychotherapeutic areas. At the same time, TDT develops its own theory based on the concept of psychosomatic unity.

2. The beginning of the century became the era of modernity in art: new forms, new principles were tried. The dance also went beyond the usual. In Russia, Isadora Duncan is known as one of the dance innovators. She was unique as a performer and expressed precisely those ideas that were the banner of modernist art. She did not leave school behind. The foundation of new dance forms of dance pedagogy is associated with other names. And, above all, it is worth highlighting the Austrian dancer, choreographer and philosopher Rudolf von Laban. He was an outstanding teacher and theorist of movement and dance.

It was R. Laban who put into practice the principle of the value of individual expression in dance. Abandoning the usual ballet exercise, he developed his own approach to teaching and staging movement techniques, which made it possible to maximize the individual characteristics of the expression of each dancer. In addition, he created a system for recording and describing any human movement (like notes for recording music), which is currently theoretical basis and method of analysis and diagnostics in TDT.

His teachings in the 60-70s were continued by Irmgard Bartenieff, who added a special system of exercises (Basics of Bartenieff) that harmonizes movement and teaches the correct and economical use of the body in movement. Currently, Labananalysis and Bartenieff's Fundamentals are integral part methodology of TDT, as well as its separate direction.

Middle name - German dancer and choreographer Mary Wigman - the founder of dance expressionism. She was most interested in human affects. Emotional experience gave birth to a bodily form and determined the quality of movement. In ballet, on the contrary, a set of definite forms serves to express different contents. Mary Wigman brought
into dance pedagogy and choreographer's art of improvisation.

Dance improvisation is a way of spontaneous movement. When a person moves spontaneously, he expresses himself very precisely and honestly: in spontaneous movement, the unconscious sides of the personality can materialize. The unconscious can become visible, take shape, thus, a person is able to reunite with the lost parts of himself, his psychological resources. And if you realize this, then an opportunity opens up for self-knowledge and gaining greater personal integrity and integration - and this is the main part and goal of the psychotherapeutic process. Those. it turned out that improvisation itself confronted dancers and teachers with the healing power of dance.

It is no coincidence that all the first dance therapists were students of R. Laban and M. Wigman or their followers.

For example, Marian Chase had her own studio. And gradually her interest shifted more and more from the performing arts to the process of exploring individuality in dance improvisation. She saw that her students were opening up and changing as individuals, becoming more whole, more and more themselves.

There is a legend that among her students there were people who were simultaneously in psychotherapy. And psychotherapists paid attention to the improvement in the condition of their patients, which was associated with classes with M. Chais. Gradually, some psychotherapists began to refer their patients to classes in dance improvisation in her studio. And in 1946, Marian Chase was officially invited to work in the psychiatric hospital. St. Elizabeth in Washington, DC, where, in close collaboration with psychiatrists, her method was born. Probably, this date can be considered the birthday of TDT.

It should be mentioned that this clinic is one of the most advanced psychiatric hospitals in the USA. She is known for her humanistic approach to psychiatry and to this day remains an innovator in the application of creative expression therapies in psychiatric treatment. Other pioneers of TDT include Trudy Shoop, Mary Whitehouse and Lilan Espenak.

3. It is worth mentioning separately Wilhelm Reich and his teachings about muscle-emotional blocks and a characteristic shell. He was one of the most talented students of Z. Freud, who was the first among analysts to pay attention not only to what the patient says, but, above all, how he says it. Reich said that unexpressed emotional experiences are not
disappears, but remains in the muscles and "gets stuck" there in the form of muscle blocks. Emotions in the form of muscle clamps for years, remaining unexpressed and unconscious in the body, form muscular armor, or characteristic shell, which reflects the methods of psychological defenses (often pathogenic) and his character structure, formed under their action.

W. Reich, being an analyst, offered not just a verbal analysis, but he directly affected muscle blocks in order to release them and the emotions hidden in them, and on this basis to analyze situations, relationships with people that caused these feelings and experiences.
TDT refers to this understanding of psychosomatic mechanisms formulated by W. Reich, but practically does not use his methods of work.

4. It is impossible not to mention the original purpose of the dance and the ancient healing practices, where the dance was an integral attribute, and which was completely lost in modern civilization.
Even before the advent of language, movement, gestures were a means of communication. primitive people. And in the first human communities, dance was one of the main components of community life: both as an individual way of expressing (fear, sadness, joy, etc.), and as a way of transmitting cultural heritage. Until now, in the tribes of the aborigines, instead of the question:
"What tribe are you from?" they ask: "What dance do you perform?"

The dance accompanied all the rituals of transition (birth, wedding, death, etc.), all holidays and celebrations, events Everyday life(hunting, fishing, etc.), military campaigns. It was in the dance that a person conveyed his relationship with the unknown and unknown, with nature, his connection with the Universe and with gods and spirits. Dance served as a means of spiritual and healing practice. And at the heart of this is not an aesthetic form, but an expression of the Inmost in man.

And TDT, after many, many centuries of treating dance as a form of elite art, returns dance to its original meaning: it doesn’t matter how you move, it matters what you feel, feel and think, what matters is what you express with your dance.

After all, the body is the only thing that does not lie in a person and can help him to reveal and express himself in all its fullness and truth.

Abraham Maslow said that "... just as a person has instinctive needs that are part of his biological nature, he also has higher needs; for example, the need to be significant, the need for respect and the need for freedom of expression." If we translate it into the language of dance therapy, it is the need to be visible, which is possible only in movement.

So, summing up the above, dance therapists turn to the healing power of dance, to the power of creative expression in movement, and also use the achievements of modern dance pedagogy, and turn to movement studies and the experience of various psychotherapeutic schools (primarily psychodynamic, existential, humanistic and transpersonal ).

BASIC PRINCIPLES AND OBJECTIVES OF THE TDT

1. The body and psyche are inseparably interconnected and have a constant mutual influence on each other. For a dance therapist, it is an axiom to understand that the body is a mirror of the soul, and movement is an expression of the human "I". By making the body more flexible, we make the soul more flexible, and vice versa. Therefore, the task of therapy is to achieve self-awareness by examining the reactions of the body and its actions.

2. Dance is a communication that takes place on three levels: with oneself, with other people, and with the world. In this regard, the task will be to form a safe space, a therapeutic relationship, so that by analyzing the relationship with the therapist, and / or with other people, if this is a group work, the person could find more effective ways interactions in its environment.

3. Holistic principle, i.e. the principle of integrity, where the triad of thoughts - feelings - behavior is considered as a whole, and changes in one aspect entail changes in the other two.
The task is to find a way to match each other thoughts, feelings, and actions. Often a person begins to think one thing, feel another and act in a third way, which is a reflection of some kind of internal conflict. It explores how thought, feeling and movement can express one content, and also analyzes what in personal history led to such a division within, i.e. to the loss of internal integrity.

4. The body is perceived as a process, and not as an object, object or subject. The word process emphasizes that we are not dealing with a given, static, but with something constantly changing. The essence of such a process is best reflected in one of the Tao principles: the ability to see static in motion and motion in static.

We have learned to control the body, give it certain forms, appearance, restrain it, and we think that it will remain unanswered, will not give any back reaction. And then there are not always explainable symptoms, pain, there is a constantly felt tension in the body, stiffness, the range of motion becomes more and more limited.

The task, following the process of a person (you can say his psychosomatic Tao) dance - the therapist helps to release and reveal the information that underlies the symptoms, pains, different kind bodily discomforts and restrictions in movement - a person learns to understand the language of his body and, thus, restores a dialogue with himself. Also, this work develops the ability to use movement and dance to express the full range of feelings, and to find
constructive ways relationship with their feelings without denial and suppression (the latter is destructive to psychological health).

5. Appeal to creative human resources like an inexhaustible source life force and creative energy. Task: development of self-respect, self-acceptance and deep trust in oneself and in the life process, development of constant contact with one's life resources. Here TDT refers directly to creative dance: these are moments of exploration and expression of emotional material (dreams, fantasies, memories) through symbolic movement.

WHO APPLYS TO A DANCE THERAPIST

These are, first of all, people, they are sometimes called kinesthetics, for whom movement is a way of processing information. For them to fully understand, they need to feel it in the body and find expression in movement. For them, movement is a way of self-expression, self-knowledge and development.

And also these can be people of a different warehouse (you can select an auditory or visual type), who at a certain stage of their life began to understand that in order to solve their problem, they need to turn to their body, learn to understand its language and enter into communication with it. dialog.
They can all be united by the fact that at some point these people may feel that they are not whole, have lost contact with themselves, or would like to change the quality of this contact. Psychologically, the loss of contact with oneself is identical to the loss of contact with the body.

Thus, summing up the above, we can say that TDT is shown:

For everyone who experiences emotional difficulties, conflicts, is under stress.

For those who want to develop communication skills, self-exploration and self-understanding.

For those for whom some feelings or experiences are too strong or absorbing so much that it is difficult to find words to say about them, or for those who avoid their own feelings and cannot find the exact words to verbalize their feelings, desires, needs.

For those with problems related to the body: problems related to body image, difficulty in movement associated with a general feeling of tension and muscle clamps in different parts body, or anxiety about intimacy, physical contact, and trust.

For people experiencing a stressful or crisis period in their lives, which is associated with various kinds of losses (death of loved ones, divorce, etc.) or a radical change in their lives.

For people who are worried that their problems are not being solved for too long, that life seems to go in circles, or experience a general state that in life "everything goes wrong."

General goals may include:

Development of self-awareness, self-respect and personal autonomy.

Establish a relationship between your thoughts, feelings and actions. Elaboration of emotional blocks at the bodily level. Exploring alternative, more constructive behaviors.

Improving adaptive abilities and developing behavioral flexibility.

Expression and control of all-consuming feelings and thoughts.

Development of communication skills.

Access to internal resources and creative forces.

Development of harmonious and trusting relationships.

WHAT LEADS TO LOSS OF CONTACT WITH THE BODY?

In childhood, a person seeks the approval and love of his parents, developing a system of "must-should not" often without regard to his own immediate needs;

Tries to avoid punishment, unpleasant and painful experiences, unbearable feelings and creates basic clamps in the body and in their movements;

Learns to survive in the world around him and in varying degrees rejects, cannot accept significant parts of his personality when the society does not recognize them, or considers them unimportant, or does not support the manifestations of individuality to the proper extent.

So, TDT, as an area, is huge. There are no age or nosological restrictions for TDT. The limitation is only the limitation of the dance therapists themselves (i.e. depends on their specialization).

In Russia, TDT was originally developed as a type of personal growth group for adults. Now the range of its application has expanded significantly. There is group and individual work with children and adults, with which you can solve your personal problems related to relationships with other people, anxieties and fears, crisis life situations, loss life meaning, misunderstanding of oneself.

There is also a family TDT where you can solve family problems; there are children's groups for preschoolers and schoolchildren that develop the child's creative abilities, communication skills, helping to prepare and adapt at school. Exist unique programs for children (child-parent groups), correcting the disharmonic development of the child (such as mental retardation, minimal brain dysfunction, etc.); in groups and individually, work is carried out with people suffering from eating disorders (anorexia, bulimia, compulsive overeating); with psychogenic bodily symptoms and other psychosomatic disorders. TDT is used as a way to prepare couples to parenthood before childbirth, as well as for postpartum support - special groups for babies from 0 to 3 years old and their mothers.

Work begins to develop with people suffering from post-traumatic disorders, with children with disabilities, refugees.

TDT In Russia, there is still a very new specialization. The TDT Association (ATT) is gradually taking steps to develop this profession with the support of the American Dance Therapeutic Association (ADTA), the European TDT Association and the International Creative Expression Therapy Association (IEATA).

Since 1995, there has been a training program on TDT in Moscow. In January 2005 we celebrate its tenth anniversary. Now it is a 3-year specialization in TDT at the Institute Practical Psychology and psychoanalysis with a state diploma of professional retraining.

Irina Viktorovna Biryukova,
e-mail: [email protected]

About method

Dance Movement Therapy (TDT) is a direction of psychotherapy that lies on the border of dance improvisation, integrative psychology, body psychotherapy and personal development trainings. TDT is a unique method of psychotherapy, the main principle of which is the understanding that our body and psyche have a constant mutual influence on each other, and a creative approach gives a more complete understanding of ourselves and the world around us. TDT is a psychological work through movement. Working with dance as a metaphor, dance therapy provides an opportunity to free oneself from physical and emotional constraint, increases social adaptability, expands the boundaries for self-knowledge and opens the way to self-improvement and achieving inner harmony. The main objectives of the method will be the development of a holistic and creative experience of one's own "I". The leading role and responsibility for the process is assigned to the client himself, the therapist only creates conditions and provides support.

program

in dance movement therapy

"If You don't dance

your own dance,

Who will dance it then? Gabriela Roth

Dance movement therapy is a direction of psychotherapy that lies on the border of art therapy, dance improvisation, integrative psychology, body psychotherapy and trainings. personal development. TDT is a rather young, but already proven method in psychotherapy. This method is unique in its kind. On the one hand, a third component appears in the relationship between the psychotherapist and the client - movement, dance as a means of expressing oneself, a non-verbal form of interaction with oneself, space, with others, the world. There are no established forms, there are no right and wrong movements, here everyone learns to hear himself, his bodily impulses and tell his story. On the other hand, the natural joy of movement, which is already a resource, allows you to very gently approach the deepest experiences of the client, go through them and release the forces to change yourself and your life. The leading role and responsibility is assigned to the client himself, the therapist only creates a safe space and provides support. This method can be used with any category of clients, it has practically no contraindications.

Purpose of the program

• To acquaint the participants of the training program with the basic concepts of TDT;
• To train participants in the basic principles of working with a client and a group using the TDT method;
• To teach participants the basic techniques of working with the body and movement in TDT;
• To form a professional vision of the psychotherapeutic process;
• Practically work out the acquired skills in a group, triples, pairs and individually.

The program is designed for psychologists, students of psychological universities, psychotherapists, dancers, teachers of various dance styles, people who are interested in this method and who want to specialize in this area.

The program is designed for 226 hours. Upon completion of the course, you will receive a certificate of professional development. standard pattern, in the presence of a psychological or medical education, in other cases a certificate of completion of training is issued.

You can also attend individual seminars.

• Music and rhythm in TDT

SCHEDULE 2018-2019

Seminar registration form

Reviews

Valeria

Despite the fact that we study very simple and basic things at the training, it turned out to be very resourceful for me. There was a lot of practice and enough theory. I didn't have a single question that Ekaterina couldn't answer for me. Undoubtedly, all this will become a solid basis for further learning.

Valeria

A very useful seminar and from a practical point of view, you can include the data obtained in your work, and for yourself personally. I would also like to attend art therapy workshops (perhaps even one-day ones)

Denis
The seminar was more useful for myself personally (I am not a psychologist). Helped to update their problem areas and possible ways their elaborations. The seminar will be very useful for practicing psychotherapists, there are many interesting exercises, which Ekaterina very skillfully leads and accompanies. I really liked her artistry and dedication to work.

from Tatiana

Topic:

Review:
All was good. Special thanks to Katerina, soft, smooth, hearing. Remarks - more organized theory part, tables, work with the board, I want information more consistently, so that everything is straight on the shelves. And the presentation of practical material is 5+. Thanks everyone! Thank you, Ekaterina!

from Elena
Topic:
Dance movement psychotherapy. Basic course.
Review:
I learned a lot about my emotions, my body. Thank you very much Ekaterina. A professional and a person who loves his job. All the days of the training there was a joyful state of flow, harmony with yourself and your body.

from Anastasia
Topic:

Review:
I did not have enough basic seminar to saturate. I want to go deeper. I wish the project development, it is needed. The seminar gives a good understanding of the topic, Katya is pleasant and cozy, the space is comfortable with her.

Topic:
Dance-movement psychotherapy. Dance of the Elements
Review:
I liked it very much! Katerina, as always, performed with dignity, on high level, and carefully to each participant. Musical accompaniment just as impressive. The workshop is deep and interesting. Looking forward to new discoveries

from Svetlana
Topic:

Review:
Thank you so much! I had an interesting experience as a psychotherapist.

from the Russians
Topic:
Dance movement psychotherapy. Basic Seminar.
Review:
I liked it very much!!! New acquaintances, discoveries, results! Unexpected turn of events! Satisfaction and gratitude! Thanks to Katya and the organizers!!!.

from Elena
Topic:
Dance-movement psychotherapy. Basic Seminar.
Review:
Thanks to Ekaterina for the trusting atmosphere within the group. Thank you for the practical material provided!

from Catherine
Topic:
Dance movement therapy. Basic Seminar.
Review:
I am very grateful for this seminar to the organizers, trainer Ekaterina and the group for new horizons and planes of development!

from Victoria
Topic:
Dance movement therapy. Basic Seminar.
Review:
Thanks to the organizers of this training and personally to Ekaterina for professionalism, sensitive and responsible attitude.

from Catherine
Topic:
Dance-movement psychotherapy. Basic course.
Review:
I thank Ekaterina, an excellent professional in her field, good material, many discoveries!

from Marianne
Topic:
Dance-movement psychotherapy. Basic course.
Review:
Thanks a lot! Ekaterina, your work as a Ψ-therapist is top notch! The trusting atmosphere in the group, created by you and the delicate attitude towards each of the participants, makes it possible to open up and go to the hidden and deeply hidden zones. Thank you! I will definitely come again.

from Julia
Topic:
Dance-movement psychotherapy. Basic course.
Review:
Soft comfortable training. Everyone takes as much as they can take at the moment. The introductory 4 days really introduce you to the TDT space where you want to be and develop further in it.

from Elena
Topic:
Dance-movement psychotherapy. Basic course.
Review:
Everything is logical and understandable. The main emphasis is on practice, which is good news.

from Catherine
Topic:
Dance-movement psychotherapy. Basic course.
Review:

At this seminar, I got an idea of ​​what TDT is, what methods exist in TDT, how TDT can be used in working with a group and in individual work. I really liked the accuracy, delicacy, tactfulness of Ekaterina's coach during classes and, most importantly, in working out a personal request. Thank you so much for this tutorial! :)

from Arcadia
Topic:
Dance-movement psychotherapy. Basic course
Review:
Control over the group is absolute. A clear definition of boundaries, instant stopping reactions, ease and ease, the ability to flexibly adjust the program to the work of the group - all this indicates that Ekaterina is self-confident. This helps to build trust and liberate the participants. Well, her movements speak for themselves. By this she captivates, sets on fire and teaches.
The learning process is optimally balanced. Just exactly as much as you need. 20 hours in a day literally flew by. There was no information overload, no physical exhaustion.
Yes, the program of the seminar is fully consistent with the stated goals.
If you hear and feel music, sooner or later you will come to dance. You will learn how to do this at the seminar. For those who already dance, this is an opportunity to move to a new level. The movement of the body has its own language. It must be harmonious. Tensions and deep feelings will be shown in movement. It does not depend on the level of training. The technology is interesting and understandable, even those who come with a zero base are quite accessible.

from Alia
Topic:
Dance movement psychotherapy. Basic course
Review:
Everyone liked it very much!

from Mary
Topic:
Dance movement psychotherapy. Basic course.
Review:
The professionalism, attentiveness and tactfulness of the coach fascinates, helps in revealing and overcoming mental problems. Thanks, Kate!

from Evgeniya
Topic:
Dance movement psychotherapy. Basic course
Review:
The whole course was very thoughtful, there was a lot of both theory and practice. All sessions were very gentle. The trainer skillfully led all classes.

from Ludmila
Topic:
Dance-movement psychotherapy. Basic course
Review:
Thank you.
It is difficult to find the way to yourself and not get confused. The path through the body is the surest. Thank you for teaching me to communicate with him, to hear and always remember that I have it.