The problem of the impact of war on child arguments. Arguments for an essay on the problem of early growing up in the war

Fate is a chain of events that make up a person's life. War affects the course of these events in everyone's life. This means that war changes the fate of people. She invades their lives. Intrudes ruthlessly, terribly, irreparably.

Writer Boris Gorbatov in his work "The Deserter" writes about how the war affected the fate of an ordinary guy, how it almost broke his life. The main character is Kirill Zhurba, a soldier who fled from the battlefield. He is very young, he never knew what war is.

I think it cannot be argued that Kirill Zhurba is a coward and a scoundrel. After all, war is an ordeal. And only strong personalities can withstand it. And such weak people as Cyril, the war breaks. They cannot cope with their inner fear, fully realize what is happening around.

Cyril has a conscience. The guy understands that he did wrong, but he was unable to stay on the battlefield. At that moment, his mind was confused. He came to native home and told his mother that he was only released for an hour. He was ashamed, I think, for cowardice, his act, so he lied.

As a result, everyone turns away from Kirill Zhurba - he is tried for desertion. He was sentenced to death. The time was difficult - the beginning of the war. His action shocked everyone. And then he rethinks his life, wants to go back to the front. "If it were possible to find oneself among the comrades again, tell them about the torment and shame of these days, redeem, prove, justify ... It's too late!" But Zhurba was pardoned, they gave him a chance to atone for his guilt.

And Mikhail Sholokhov in the story "The Fate of a Man" shows us the fate of a Russian soldier who turned out to be strong by nature, and even the war could not break him. She remained forever in his eyes, which became "as if sprinkled with ashes."

Even at the front, Andrei Sokolov wrote a letter to his wife. I received an answer two weeks later from a neighbor, Ivan Timofeevich. In June 1942, a bomb hit his house, his wife and both daughters were killed. The son was not at home. Upon learning of the death of his relatives, the son volunteered for the war. When Andrei Sokolov was demobilized, he did not withdraw into himself, but gained new meaning life. Adopted a homeless lonely boy Vanya.

The conclusion suggests itself: war greatly affects a person's life. In war, people recognize themselves and loved ones from the other side. Some are capable of betrayal, meanness. There are people who do not seem to be cowards, such as Kirill Zhurba, but they run away from the battlefield because they are not able to withstand the ordeal. And those who are able do not despair, and even after hostilities continue to live with dignity and benefit people.

• Self-sacrifice is not always associated with a risk to life.
• To commit heroic deeds of a person is motivated by love for the Motherland.
• A person is ready to sacrifice himself for the one he really loves.
• To save a child, it is sometimes not a pity to sacrifice the most valuable thing that a person has - his own life.
• Only moral person able to perform heroic deeds
• Readiness for self-sacrifice does not depend on the level of income and social status
• Heroism is expressed not only in deeds, but also in the ability to be true to one's word even in the most difficult life situations.
• People are ready for self-sacrifice even in the name of saving a stranger

Arguments

L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace". Sometimes we do not suspect that this or that person can commit a heroic deed. This confirms the example from this work: Pierre Bezukhov, being a rich man, decides to stay in Moscow besieged by the enemy, although he has every opportunity to leave. He - real man who does not put his own first financial situation. Not sparing himself, the hero saves a little girl from the fire, performing a heroic deed. You can also refer to the image of Captain Tushin. At first he does not produce on us good impression: Tushin appears before the command without boots. But the battle proves that this man can be called a real hero: the battery under the command of Captain Tushin selflessly repels enemy attacks, having no cover, sparing no effort. And it doesn’t matter at all what impression these people make on us when we first meet them.

I.A. Bunin "Lapti". In an impenetrable blizzard, Nefed went to Novoselki, located six miles from home. He was prompted to do this by the requests of a sick child to bring red bast shoes. The hero decided that “it is necessary to mine”, because “the soul desires”. He wanted to buy bast shoes and paint them magenta. By nightfall, Nefed had not returned, and in the morning the peasants brought his dead body. In his bosom they found a vial of fuchsin and brand new bast shoes. Nefed was ready for self-sacrifice: knowing that he was putting himself in danger, he decided to act for the good of the child.

A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter" Love for Marya Mironova, captain's daughter, more than once prompted Peter Grinev to endanger his life. He went to Pugachev captured Belogorsk fortress to wrest the girl from Shvabrin's hands. Pyotr Grinev understood what he was doing: at any moment Pugachev's people could catch him, he could be killed by enemies. But nothing stopped the hero, he was ready to save Marya Ivanovna even at the cost of own life. Readiness for self-sacrifice also manifested itself when Grinev was under investigation. He did not talk about Marya Mironova, whose love led him to Pugachev. The hero did not want to make the girl involved in the investigation, although this would allow him to justify himself. Pyotr Grinev, by his actions, showed that he was ready to endure anything for the happiness of a person dear to him.

F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment". The fact that Sonya Marmeladova went on a “yellow ticket” is also a kind of self-sacrifice. The girl decided on this herself, consciously, in order to feed her family: her father, a drunkard, her stepmother and her little children. No matter how dirty her “profession” is, Sonya Marmeladova is worthy of respect. Throughout the work, she proved her spiritual beauty.

N.V. Gogol "Taras Bulba". If Andriy, younger son Taras Bulba turned out to be a traitor, then Ostap, the eldest son, showed himself as strong personality, a real warrior. He did not betray his father and Motherland, he fought to the last. Ostap was executed in front of his father. But no matter how hard, painful and scary he was, during the execution he did not make a sound. Ostap - real hero who gave his life for his country.

V. Rasputin "French Lessons". Lydia Mikhailovna, an ordinary teacher, was capable of self-sacrifice French. When her student, the hero of the work, came to school beaten, and Tishkin said that he was playing for money, Lidia Mikhailovna was in no hurry to tell the director about this. She found out that the boy was playing because he did not have enough money for food. Lidia Mikhailovna began to study French with a student, which was not given to him, at home, and then offered to play “zamyashki” with her for money. The teacher knew that this should not be done, but the desire to help the child was more important to her. When the director found out about everything, Lidia Mikhailovna was fired. Her seemingly wrong act turned out to be noble. The teacher sacrificed her reputation to help the boy.

N.D. Teleshov "Home". Semka, so eager to return to his native land, met an unfamiliar grandfather along the way. They walked together. On the way, the boy fell ill. The unknown person took him to the city, although he knew that he was not allowed to appear there: the grandfather had escaped from hard labor for the third time. Grandpa was caught in the city. He understood the danger, but the child's life was more important to him. Grandfather sacrificed his quiet life for the sake of a future stranger.

A. Platonov "Sand teacher". From the village of Khoshutovo, located in the desert, Maria Naryshkina helped to make a real green oasis. She devoted herself to work. But the nomads passed - not a trace remained of the green spaces. Maria Nikiforovna left for the district with a report, where she was offered to transfer to work in Safuta in order to teach the culture of the sands to the nomads who were moving to settled life. She agreed, which showed her readiness for self-sacrifice. Maria Naryshkina decided to devote herself to a good cause, not thinking about her family or the future, but helping people in their difficult struggle with the sands.

M.A. Bulgakov "Master and Margarita". For the sake of the Master, Margarita was ready for anything. She made a deal with the devil, was the queen at the ball with Satan. And all in order to see the Master. True love forced the heroine to make self-sacrifice, to pass all the trials prepared for her by fate.

A.T. Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin". The protagonist of the work is a simple Russian guy who honestly and selflessly fulfills his soldier's duty. His crossing the river was a real heroic deed. Vasily Terkin was not afraid of the cold: he knew that he needed to convey the lieutenant's request. What the hero has done seems impossible, unbelievable. This is a feat of a simple Russian soldier.

Alyoshka - main character story swells from hunger: his family has not seen bread for the fifth month. Trying to steal some food from a rich neighbor, Alyoshka receives a mortal wound from the hand of the hostess. Having lost all his loved ones, Alyoshka is trying to find at least some protection. He finds her in the face of the political committee Sinitsyn, who saves the boy from a purulent wound on his head. Upon learning that his owner (Alyoshka got a job with the rich farmer Ivan Alekseev) entered into an agreement with the bandits, he informs the political committee about this. The bandits manage to be surrounded in a barn. Alyoshka Sinitsyn sends to throw a grenade into the window opening. When the boy pulls the pin, a man comes out of the barn, leading the child in front of him. Alyoshka closes the grenade with his body. Sinitsyn manages to throw a grenade to the side, but Alyoshka is still touched by a fragment near the heart. Such a bold decision can only be made by a very responsible and truly adult person.

2. M.A. Sholokhov "The Mole"

The protagonist of the story, M.A. Sholokhov, fills out a questionnaire: “A rough leaf says sparingly: Koshevoy Nikolai. Squadron commander. Earthman. Member of the RKSM, age - 18 years. Nikolai dreams of going to school, getting an education, but instead he is forced to fight, they are chasing the remnants of the gang. For six months now, he has been fighting better than others, courageously and almost without damage, liquidated two gangs, no worse than any experienced commander. The leader of the gang pursued by Nikolka, the ataman, has been fighting on the fronts for eleven years. In the last fight, an experienced old warrior kills young Nikolka. And when he takes off his boots, he sees a mole on his ankle, the size of a pigeon's egg, the same as his own. Realizing that he killed his own son, the ataman puts the gun in his mouth and pulls the trigger. War takes people indiscriminately, destroys the strongest ties. Children, young men grow up faster when death walks nearby.

3. V. Bykov "Kruglyansky Bridge"

The protagonist of the story, the young partisan Styopka Tolkach, goes to a serious business together with the commander Maslakov and two adult fighters - Britvin and Shpak. The situation turns out to be very tragic: Maslakov is mortally wounded at the first attempt to light the bridge, and later he dies. Britvin, a former battalion commander, demoted for something, now wants to restore his name at all costs, takes command. He comes up with a fraud, as a result of which the local boy Mitya and his horse die. Styopka understands that Britvin does not want to sacrifice his life or health, and accuses him of meanness. Britvin, not assuming that the boy is able to reveal his plan, beats Styopka with a butt, and he shoots at the offender. Britvin seeks to hide this incident, but Styopka makes a desperate decision: he is ready to stand trial so that everyone (including him) will be punished fairly. War is a cruel time, taking responsibility for oneself becomes an indicator of growing up.

4. V. Kataev "Son of the regiment"

Vanya Solntsev was found by scouts returning from a mission. The boy was sleeping and crying in his sleep. At first they tried to send him to Orphanage, but after several attempts they realized that the boy wanted to stay in the squad. He was accepted for granted. Vanya is given tasks that he successfully completes. Natural ingenuity helps him in this. But once on the battery of Yenakiyev, who, in fact, became the boy's foster father, fresh forces of the Nazis were thrown. Wanting to save the child's life, Yenakiev gives the boy a task: to deliver a report to the headquarters. Vanya did not know that the battery commander had called fire on himself. And when the boy returned to the place of battle, he found that everyone was dead and the captain too. But he left a letter in which he asked to send the boy to a military school. His will was carried out. Vanya, who learned from childhood what a battle is, the fire of enemy batteries, has become not a childish adult.

Composition on the topic: "How does war affect the fate of people?" 4.50 /5 (90.00%) 2 votes

Many see the fate of a person as something predetermined, predetermined. But in fact, this is not entirely true. Sometimes in a person's life, which seemed calm, measured and predictable, something interferes that would never have been there under other circumstances. One such phenomenon is war. And it has an indelible influence on a person, his personality, character, such an imprint that will never come off and disappear. What is war and how exactly does it affect the fate of a person?

AT modern world where the humanistic human values, it is very difficult to imagine that a murder can be considered a merit. But that's how it is in war. Whatever a person is, whether he is kind, peaceful, humane, in a war he is obliged to do everything in order to survive on his own. The survival instinct takes over, and therefore, in order to survive, a person must kill. This is the main discovery for those who find themselves in the war. As a rule, soldiers do not have time to reflect, reflect and analyze their feelings. They just do what they have to do and leave the rest for later. Many soldiers get used to the war, they are no longer tired of constant tension and fear. They come to terms with possible death, they are driven forward by hatred of the enemy.

However, fate is manifested not only in the character of a person, which changes significantly in the war, becoming tougher, but also fair too. In addition to character, war also affects the attitude towards the world. You can often hear about the problems of adaptation of fighters who returned from the combat zone. Such people have a lot of problems, they get used to constant tension, and therefore they hardly return to a normal, measured life. However, society takes certain measures for their psychological recovery, and this most often becomes quite successful.

War can affect the fate of a person in different ways. She can completely break him psychologically, destroying all his ideas about a peaceful and carefree life. Some soldiers never recover from what they saw. There are also opposite cases, when war gives the fighter an understanding of what is good and what is evil. Having understood this, in a peaceful life he has the right guidelines, it becomes easier and more comfortable for him to live. However, it would be better if there were never wars. There is much more bad in them than good.

Vasil Bykov "Sotnikov", "Obelisk" A striking example moral choice can be found in the work of Vasil Bykov "Sotnikov". Partisan Sotnikov, faced with a choice between life and death, was not afraid of execution and admitted to the investigator that he was a partisan, and the rest had nothing to do with it. Another example can be found in Vasil Bykov's story "Obelisk": the teacher Frost, having the choice to stay alive or die along with his students, whom he always taught goodness and justice, chooses death, remaining a morally free person.

Arguments for writing

A. S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter" A hero with high moral character is Petrusha Grinev, a character in A. S. Pushkin's story "The Captain's Daughter". Peter did not tarnish his honor even in those cases when it was possible to pay for it with his head. He was a man of high morals worthy of respect and pride. He could not leave Shvabrin's slander on Masha unpunished, so he challenged him to a duel. Shvabrin is the complete opposite of Grinev: he is a person for whom the concept of honor and nobility does not exist at all. He walked over the heads of others, stepping over himself for the sake of his momentary desires.

Happiness

Arguments for writing

A.I. Solzhenitsyn "One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich" Happiness is understood differently by everyone. The hero of the story, for example, by A.I. Solzhenitsyn “One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich”, realizes himself “happy” because he did not end up in a punishment cell, received an extra bowl of soup, did not get sick, but the main thing is that he enjoys honest work. The writer admires the patience, hard work of a Russian person who believes in God and hopes for his help.

Evil, good and artistic activity

Arguments for writing

Akutagawa Ryunosuke "The Torments of Hell" Creates a psychological portrait of the old man-artist Yoshihide, very famous in his places - first of all, for his terrible, asocial character and the corresponding paintings. The only thing that pleases his eyes is his only daughter. Once the ruler ordered a painting from him depicting Hell and the torment of sinners in it. The old man agreed, however, on the condition that, for greater realism, he would see the death of a woman in a falling carriage. He was given such an opportunity, however, as it turned out later, that woman turned out to be his own daughter. Yoshihide calmly works on the painting, but upon completion of it, commits suicide. Thus, it is worth evaluating art through morality, but this assessment entirely depends on the actual ideals of the evaluating subject. Yoshihide had one value - his daughter, whom he lost because of art.

Does a person have freedom of choice?

Arguments for writing

V.Zakrutkin "The Human Mother" The main character Maria, having met a wounded enemy (German), faced a moral choice, to kill him or not to kill him? for all their atrocities, but it was a boy, his cry "mother" stopped her, the heroine could not take a desperate step, managed to stop in time, realizing that the hatred that overwhelmed her would not have led to anything good. V. Rasputin "Farewell to Matyora" On the banks of the Angara, the authorities were going to build a dam that would flood the nearby island, so the population had to move to another place. The main character, the old woman Daria, is presented with the right to make a moral choice: to leave, or to defend her right to happiness, to life on native land.

The attitude of the crowd to people who stand out from it

Arguments for writing

Griboyedov "Woe from Wit" Comedy "Woe from Wit" by Griboyedov. Chatsky - a rebel, a rebel, rises against the crowd., Moscow society of that time. Their habits are wild and alien to him, the morality of society amazes him. He is not afraid to speak his mind. In the monologue "And who are the judges?" fully reveals its essence. The problem with the crowd is that they don't know how to listen and don't even want to listen to the truth. They consider as "truth" the precepts of their hypocritical fathers, which have long since outlived their usefulness. Creativity Mayakovsky Mayakovsky's work is devoted to the theme of the confrontation between the hero and the crowd. The crowd is vulgar people who live without spirituality. They do not see beauty, they do not understand true art. The hero is alone in his world. He does not leave the crowd, does not hide, but boldly challenges it, is ready to fight misunderstanding. For example, in the poem “Could you?” a sharp line is drawn between "I" and "you".

National feud

Arguments for writing

A. Pristavkin “A golden cloud spent the night” The problem of national enmity is particularly acute in A. Pristavkin's story "A golden cloud spent the night." The author shows us the tragic events of the 40s of the twentieth century, associated with the resettlement of orphanages in the Caucasus, in the territories "liberated" from local residents- Chechens. The revenge of people forcibly evicted from the land of their ancestors falls on innocent people, including children. We see how a brutal murder separates the twin brothers Sasha and Kolka Kuzmenyshi. It is symbolic that at the end of the story Kolka calls his brother Chechen boy Alkhuzura. So the author convinces us that all peoples are brothers, that the humane human principle stronger than evil that the authorities, inciting ethnic hatred, are committing a crime against humanity and mankind.

Tragedy of the "little man"

Arguments for writing

N.V. Gogol "Overcoat" The problem of the "little man" is most fully revealed by the Russian writer, poet, and critic N.V. Gogol. In the story "The Overcoat", the playwright tells the reader about Akaki Akakievich, a poor titular adviser from St. Petersburg. He zealously fulfilled his duties, was very fond of manual rewriting of papers, but in general his role in the department was very insignificant, which is why young officials often laughed at him. In his tragedy of stealing a new greatcoat, the hero does not find a response from society's help.

Personality in history: Peter I

Arguments for writing

A.S. Pushkin "The Bronze Horseman" A.S. Pushkin wrote in The Bronze Horseman ... Here we are destined by nature to cut a window into Europe ... These lines were written about Peter the Great. He is a man who changed the course of history, one of the most prominent statesmen who determined the direction of Russia's development in the 18th century. Peter launched large-scale reforms of the Russian state, changed the social structure: he cut off the sleeves and beards of the boyars. He built the first Russian fleet, thereby protecting the country from the sea. Here he is, that person, that person who accomplished a lot of great and heroic things in his life, who made history. L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace" L.N. Tolstoy denied the possibility of an active influence of an individual on history, believing that history is made by the masses and its laws cannot depend on the desire of an individual. He considered the historical process as the sum of "an innumerable number of human arbitrariness", that is, the efforts of each person. It is useless to oppose the natural course of events, it is vain to try to play the role of arbiter of the fate of mankind. This position of the writer is reflected in the novel "War and Peace". Using the example of two historical figures: Kutuzov and Napoleon, Tolstoy proves that it is the people who are the creator of history. Million masses ordinary people, not heroes and commanders unconsciously move society forward, create the great and heroic, make history.

Rudeness

Arguments for writing

M.A. Bulgakov " dog's heart " The main character of the story M.A. Bulgakov "The Heart of a Dog", Professor Preobrazhensky is a hereditary intellectual and an outstanding medical scientist. He dreams of turning a dog into a man. This is how Sharikov is born with the heart of a stray dog, the brain of a person with three convictions and a pronounced passion for alcohol. As a result of the operation affectionate, albeit cunning Sharik turns into a rude lumpen capable of betrayal. Sharikov feels himself the master of life, he is arrogant, swaggering, aggressive. He quickly learns to drink vodka, be rude to servants, turn his ignorance into a weapon against education. The life of a professor and his inhabitants apartment becomes a living hell. Sharikov- image boorish attitude towards people. D.I Fonvizin "Undergrowth" Indignant at other people's rudeness, people often do not notice that they themselves sometimes behave just as outrageously. Perhaps the best way to see this is in the way parents treat their children. The character of a person is formed in the family, and what kind of person could Mitrofanushka become? He adopted all the vices from his mother: extreme ignorance, rudeness, greed, cruelty, contempt of others, rudeness. Not surprising, because parents are always the main role model for children. And what example could Mrs. Prostakova set for her son if she allowed herself to be rude, rude, and humiliate others before his eyes? Of course, she loved Mitrofan, but in this regard she spoiled him greatly.

False/true values, search for the meaning of life

Arguments for writing

I. Bunin "The Gentleman from San Francisco" I. Bunin in the story "The Gentleman from San Francisco" showed the fate of a man who served false values. Wealth was his god, and that god he worshipped. But when the American millionaire died, it turned out that true happiness passed by the person: he died without knowing what life is. W.S. Maugham "The burden of human passions" The novel by the famous English writer W.S. Maugham "The Burden of Human Passions" touches on one of the most important and burning questions for every person - is there a meaning in life, and if so, what is it? The protagonist of the work, Philip Carey, painfully searches for the answer to this question: in books, in art, in love, in the judgments of friends. One of them, the cynic and materialist Cronshaw, advises him to look at the Persian carpets and refuses to explain further. Only years later, having lost almost all his illusions and hopes for the future, Philip understands what he meant and admits that “life has no meaning, and human existence is aimless. Knowing that nothing makes sense and nothing matters, a person can still be satisfied by choosing the various threads that he weaves into the endless fabric of life. There is one pattern - the simplest and most beautiful: a person is born, matures, marries, produces children, works for a piece of bread and dies; but there are other, more intricate and amazing patterns, where there is no place for happiness or striving for success - perhaps some disturbing beauty is hidden in them.

Self-realization, aspirations

Arguments for writing

And A. Goncharov "Oblomov" good, kind, talented person Ilya Oblomov failed to overcome himself, his laziness and licentiousness, did not reveal his best features. Absence high purpose in life leads to moral death. Even love could not save Oblomov. U.S. Maugham "Razor's Edge" In his late novel The Razor's Edge, W.S. Maugham_draws life path young American Larry, who spent half of his life with books and the other half in travel, work, search and self-improvement. His image stands out vividly against the background of young people of his circle, who spend their lives and outstanding abilities in vain on the fulfillment of fleeting whims, on entertainment, on a carefree existence in luxury and idleness. Larry chose his own path and, ignoring the misunderstanding and censure of loved ones, searched for the meaning of life in hardships, wanderings and wanderings around the world. He completely surrendered himself to the spiritual principle in order to achieve enlightenment of the mind, purification of the spirit, and discover the meaning of the universe. D. London "Martin Eden" Main character novel of the same name American writer Jack London Martin Eden - a working guy, a sailor, a native of the lower classes, about 21 years old, meets Ruth Morse - a girl from a wealthy bourgeois family. Ruth begins to teach the semi-literate Martin the correct pronunciation English words and arouses in him an interest in literature. Martin learns that magazines pay decent fees to the authors who are published in them, and firmly decides to make a career as a writer, earn money and become worthy of his new acquaintance, with whom he managed to fall in love. Martin is putting together a self-improvement program, working on his language and pronunciation, and reading a lot of books. Iron health and unbending will moves him to the goal. In the end, having gone a long and thorny path, after numerous failures and disappointments, he becomes a famous writer. (Then he becomes disillusioned with literature, his beloved, people in general and life, loses interest in everything and commits suicide. This is so, just in case. An argument in favor of the fact that the fulfillment of a dream does not always bring happiness) Scientific facts A shark, if it stops moving its fins, will go to the bottom like a stone, a bird, if it stops flapping its wings, will fall to the ground. Similarly, a person, if aspirations, desires, goals fade away in him, will collapse to the bottom of life, he will be sucked into a thick quagmire of gray everyday life. A river that stops flowing turns into a fetid swamp. Similarly, a person who stops searching, thinking, torn, loses "the soul's wonderful impulses", gradually degrades, his life becomes an aimless, miserable vegetative existence.

self-sacrifice

Arguments for writing

M. Gorky "Old Woman Izergil" In the story of the Russian writer, prose writer and playwright Maxim Gorky "The Old Woman Fiend" the image of Danko is striking. This is a romantic hero who sacrificed himself for the sake of people. Danko was "the best of all, because a lot of strength and living fire shone in his eyes." He led the people through the forest with calls to defeat the darkness. But weak people along the way, they began to lose heart and die. Then they accused Danko of ineptly managing them. He overcame indignation and in the name of his great love to the people tore his chest, took out his burning heart and ran forward, holding it like a torch. People ran after him and overcame a difficult road. And then they forgot their hero. And Danko died. F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment" In his work "Crime and Punishment" F.M. Dostoevsky addresses the topic of self-sacrifice for the sake of saving someone else's soul, revealing it on the example of the image of Sonechka Marmeladova. Sonya is a poor girl from a dysfunctional family who follows Raskolnikov to hard labor to share his burden and fill him with spirituality. Out of compassion and a sense of high social responsibility, Sonya goes to live “on a yellow ticket”, thus earning a living for her family. People like Sonya, who have "infinitely insatiable compassion" are still found today. (another version) Self-sacrifice, compassion, sensitivity and mercy are an ambiguous problem. This is clearly seen in the work of the great Russian playwright F. M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment". Two of his heroines, Sonechka Marmeladova and Dunya Raskolnikova, sacrifice themselves in the name of people dear to them. The first sells her own body, thus earning a living for her family. The girl suffers cruelly, is ashamed of herself and her life, but even denies herself suicide, because she understands that without her, her relatives will be lost. And the family gratefully accepts her sacrifice, practically idolizes Sonya, her self-sacrifice is for the good. The second is going to marry a low, mean, but rich man in order to help a beggar brother.

Compassion, love in the neighbor

Arguments for writing

A.I. Solzhenitsyn "Matryonin Dvor" In the story "Matryonin Dvor" by the Russian writer, Nobel Prize winner in literature A.I. Solzhenitsyn is struck by the image of the peasant woman Matryona, her humanity, disinterestedness, compassion and love for everyone, even strangers. Matryona "helped strangers for free", but she herself "did not chase the equipment": she did not start "good", she did not try to get a tenant. Especially her mercy is manifested in the situation with the upper room. She allowed her house (where she had lived all her life) to be disassembled into logs for the sake of Kira's pupil, who had nowhere to live. The heroine sacrifices everything for the sake of others: the country, neighbors, relatives. And after her quiet death, there is a description of the cruel behavior of her relatives, who are simply overwhelmed by greed. Thanks to her spiritual qualities, Matryona made this world better and kinder, sacrificing herself, her life. Boris Vasilyev "My horses are flying..." In the work "My horses are flying ..." Boris Vasilyev tells the story of a wonderful person - Dr. Jansen. Out of a sense of compassion, the doctor, at the cost of his life, saved the children who fell into the sewer hole! L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace" Having been taken prisoner, Pierre Bezukhov met a simple soldier Platon Karataev there. Plato, despite his sufferings, lived lovingly with everyone: with the French, with his comrades. It was he who, with his mercy, helped Pierre gain faith and taught him to appreciate life. M. Sholokhov "The fate of man The story tells about the tragic fate of a soldier who lost all his relatives during the war. One day he met an orphan boy and decided to call himself his father. This act shows that love and the desire to do good give a person strength for life. F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment" Raskolnikov, out of a sense of compassion, gives the last money for the funeral of Marmeladov.

Ingratitude of children, parental love

Arguments for writing

A. S. Pushkin "The Stationmaster" Samson Vyrin, the protagonist of the story, has a daughter, Dunya, in whom he does not care. But a passing hussar, who has laid eyes on the girl, takes her away from her father's house by deceit. When Samson finds his daughter, she is already married, well dressed, lives much better than him and does not want to return. Samson returns to his station, where he subsequently becomes an inveterate drunkard and dies. Three years later, the narrator travels through those places and sees the grave of the caretaker, and the local boy tells him that in the summer a lady with three barchats came and cried for a long time at his grave. F.M. Dostoevsky "Humiliated and Insulted" Natasha, the heroine of the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky's "Humiliated and Insulted", betrays his family by running away from home with his lover. The girl's father, Nikolai Ikhmenev, painfully perceives her departure to the son of his enemy, considering it a shame, and curses his daughter. Rejected by her father and having lost her beloved, Natasha is deeply worried - she has lost everything that was valuable in her life: her good name, honor, love and family. However, Nikolai Ikhmenev is still madly in love with his daughter, in spite of everything, and after much mental anguish, at the end of the story, he finds the strength to forgive her. In this example, we see that parental love is the strongest, most selfless and all-forgiving. D. I. Fonvizin "Undergrowth" Despite the fact that Mrs. Prostakova is a rude, greedy landowner, she loves her only son Mitrofan and is ready for anything for him. But the son turns away from her at the most tragic moment. This example shows us that parents try to do everything for the benefit of their children. But children, unfortunately, cannot always appreciate and understand this. A. S. Griboedov "Woe from Wit" The Russian writer A. S. Griboyedov did not bypass the problem of fathers and children in his work “Woe from Wit”. The comedy traces the relationship between Famusov and his daughter Sophia. Famusov, of course, loves his daughter and wishes her happiness. But he understands happiness in his own way: happiness for him is money. He teaches his daughter to think about profit and thereby commits a real crime, because Sophia can become like Molchalin, who has adopted only one principle from her father: to seek profit wherever possible. The fathers tried to teach their children about life, in their instructions they passed on to them what was most important and significant for them.

Generation conflict

Arguments for writing

I. S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons" The novel of the Russian writer I. S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons". We see the conflict of generations in the relationship between Bazarov and his parents. The main character has very conflicting feelings towards them: on the one hand, he admits that he loves his parents, on the other hand, he despises the "stupid life of fathers." First of all, his convictions are alienated from Bazarov's parents. If in Arkady Kirsanov we see superficial contempt for the older generation, caused more by a desire to imitate a friend, and not coming from within, then with Bazarov everything is different. This is his position in life. With all this, we see that it was to the parents that their son Eugene was truly dear. The old Bazarovs love Yevgeny very much, and this love softens their relationship with their son, the lack of mutual understanding. She is stronger than other feelings and lives even when the main character dies.

Influence of the teacher

Arguments for writing

In the story of V.G. Rasputin "French Lessons" an ordinary rural boy, hard fate and hunger force him to contact local boys and start playing for money. Having found out that the child is malnourished, and he has no other way to get the funds he needs, a young French teacher, Lidia Mikhailovna, invites the boy to study French additionally. But this is only a plausible suggestion. In reality, she seeks to somehow help a child in a difficult situation, but out of pride, he refuses to dine with his teacher, indignantly returns the package with food to her. Then she offers to play with her for money, knowing for sure that he will beat her, get his coveted ruble and buy the milk that he needs so much. She deliberately commits a crime from the point of view of pedagogy, violates all the existing rules for the sake of her student, showing genuine philanthropy and unostentatious courage. The director of the school, however, considered the game with the student a crime, seduction and dismissed Lidia Mikhailovna. Having left for her place in the Kuban, the woman did not forget the boy and sent him a parcel with food and even apples, which the boy had never tried, but had only seen in pictures.

Globalization, technical and scientific progress, their impact on man and society

Arguments for writing

E.I. Zamyatin - Russian writer of the early 19th, late 20th century "We" In the novel "We" by Yevgeny Ivanovich Zamyatin, the main character, D-503, describes his life in the totalitarian "United State". He enthusiastically talks about the organization based on mathematics, the life of society. The author in his work warns people about the harmful effects of scientific and technological progress, about its worst sides, that scientific and technological progress will destroy morality and human feelings, since they are not amenable to scientific analysis. M.A. Bulgakov - Russian Soviet writer and 20th century playwright The Fatal Eggs The problem of scientific and technological progress is reflected in M. Bulgakov's story "Fatal Eggs". Pursuing only his own goals, Professor Rokk mindlessly uses Persikov's invention and grows giant reptiles, ostriches. In this ridiculous catastrophe, Rocca Manya's wife, thousands of people and Persikov himself perish. M. Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog" The problem of interaction between people and nature is also reflected in the literature. In M. Bulgakov's story "Heart of a Dog", Professor Preobrazhensky performs an operation to transform a dog into a human. In the work, the reader sees how the pretty dog ​​Sharik turns into the disgusting Sharikov. “The moral of this fable is this” - you cannot interfere in the natural processes of nature without foreseeing the nature of the consequences.

The memory of the feat of soldiers

Arguments for writing

K.Simonov The poet Konstantin Simonov, who during the war years worked as a correspondent for the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper and was constantly in the army, writes: “Do not forget about the soldiers, Who fought with all their might, Moaned in bandages in medical battalions And so hoped for peace!” I am sure that none of those soldiers Simonov wrote about will ever be forgotten, and their feat will forever remain in the memory of posterity.

Arguments for writing

M.A. Sholokhov "The fate of man" The main character, Andrey Sokolov, fought to save his homeland and all mankind from fascism, losing relatives and comrades. He endured the most difficult trials at the front. The news of the tragic death of his wife, two daughters, and son fell upon the hero. But Andrey Sokolov is a Russian soldier of unbending will who endured everything! He found the strength in himself to accomplish not only a military, but also a moral feat, adopting a boy whose parents were taken away by the war. Soldiers in the terrible conditions of the war, remained a man under the onslaught of enemy forces and did not break. This is the real feat. It was only thanks to such people that our country won a victory in a very difficult struggle against fascism. Vasiliev "The Dawns Here Are Quiet" Rita Osyanina, Zhenya Komelkova, Liza Brichkina, Sonya Gurvich, Galya Chetvertak and foreman Vaskov, the main characters of the work, showed real courage, heroism, moral endurance, fighting for the Motherland. More than once they could save their lives, it was only necessary to step back a little from their own conscience. However, the heroes were sure: you can’t retreat, you need to fight to the end: “Do not give the German a single piece ... No matter how hard, no matter how hopeless - to keep ...”. These are the words true patriot. All the characters of the story are shown acting, fighting, dying in the name of saving the Motherland. It was these people who forged the victory of our country in the rear, resisted the invaders in captivity and occupation, and fought at the front. Boris Polevoy "The Tale of a Real Man" Everyone knows the immortal work of Boris Polevoy "The Tale of a Real Man." At the heart of a dramatic story - real facts biographies of fighter pilot Alexei Meresyev. Shot down in battle over the occupied territory, he made his way through the steppe forests for three weeks until he got to the partisans. Having lost both legs, the hero subsequently shows amazing strength of character and replenishes the account of air victories over the enemy.

Love to motherland

Arguments for writing

S. Yesenin, poem "Rus" The theme of love for the motherland permeates the work of S. Yesenin: “But most of all, Love for the native land tormented, tormented and burned me.” Desiring with all my heart to help the Fatherland in hard times, the poet writes the poem "Rus", in which the voice of popular anger is heard. Yesenin fully reveals the theme of love for the Fatherland: “If the holy army shouts:“ Throw you Russia, live in paradise! I'll say: "Don't need paradise, Give me my homeland" A. Blok The lyrics of A. Blok are filled with a very special love for Russia. He spoke of his homeland with infinite tenderness, his poems are full of sincere hope that his fate and the fate of Russia are inseparable: “Russia, impoverished Russia, Your gray huts are for me, Your wind songs are for me, Like the first tears of love! ..” Legend There is a legend that one day the wind decided to knock down a mighty oak that grew on a hill. But the oak only bent under the blows of the wind. Then the wind asked the majestic oak: "Why can't I defeat you?" The oak replied that it was not the trunk that was holding it. Its strength lies in the fact that it has grown into the earth, holding on to it with its roots. This simple story expresses the idea that love for the motherland, a deep connection with national history, with the cultural experience of the ancestors makes the people invincible. Blok, "To sin shamelessly, soundly" In the lines of the poem, Russian everyday life can be traced, reflecting the stupidity and inertness of its social system. The main idea is contained in the lines: Yes, and such, my Russia, You are dearer to me than all. What a strong feeling for the native land the poet has! He believes that a true patriot should love Russia as it is. Despite the imperfection of their country, its troubles and difficulties, everyone needs to experience bright feelings To her. This example of sincere and selfless love for the Motherland may help someone to look at their father's house in a different way.