The most famous Italian composers. Italy

Verdi Giuseppe, whose biography is presented in the article, is a famous Italian composer. The years of his life are 1813-1901. Lots of immortal works created by Verdi Giuseppe. The biography of this composer is certainly worthy of attention.

His work is considered highest point development of 19th century music in his native country. More than half a century covered the activities of Verdi as a composer. She was mainly associated with the genre of opera. Verdi created the first of them when he was 26 years old ("Oberto, Count di San Bonifacio"), and he wrote the last one at the age of 80 ("Falstaff"). The author of 32 operas (including new editions of works written earlier) is Verdi Giuseppe. His biography to this day is of great interest, and Verdi's creations are still included in the main repertoire of theaters around the world.

Origin, childhood

Giuseppe was born in Roncol. This village was located in the province of Parma, which at that time was part of the Napoleonic Empire. The photo below shows the house in which the composer was born and spent his childhood. It is known that his father was a grocery trader and kept a wine cellar.

Verdi Giuseppe received his first music lessons from the organist of the local church. His biography is marked first important event in 1823. It was then that the future composer was sent to Busseto, a neighboring town, where he continued his studies at school. At the age of 11, Giuseppe began to show pronounced musical ability. The boy began to act as organist at Ronkol.

Giuseppe noticed A. Barezzi, a wealthy merchant from Busseto, who supplied the boy's father's shop and had a great interest in music. Future composer owes them music education to this particular person. Barezzi took him to his house, hired the boy the best teacher and began to pay for his education in Milan.

Giuseppe becomes a conductor, studying with V. Lavigny

At the age of 15, he was already the conductor of a small orchestra by Giuseppe Verdi. short biography it continues with the arrival in Milan. He went here with the money collected by his father's friends. Giuseppe's goal was to enter the conservatory. However, he was not accepted into this educational institution due to lack of ability. Nevertheless, V. Lavigna, a Milanese conductor and composer, appreciated Giuseppe's talent. He began to teach his compositions for free. Opera writing and orchestration comprehended in practice, in the opera houses of Milan Giuseppe Verdi. His brief biography is marked by the appearance of the first works a few years later.

First works

Verdi lived in Busseto between 1835 and 1838 and worked as a conductor in the municipal orchestra. Giuseppe created his first opera in 1837 under the title Oberto, San Bonifacio. This work was staged 2 years later in Milan. It was a great success. Commissioned by La Scala, the famous Milanese theater, Verdi wrote comic opera. He called it "Imaginary Stanislav, or one day of the reign." It was staged in 1840 ("King for an Hour"). Another work, the opera "Nabucco", was presented to the public in 1842 ("Nevuchadnezzar"). In it, the composer reflected the aspirations and feelings of the Italian people, who in those years began the struggle for independence, for getting rid of the Austrian yoke. The audience saw in the suffering of the Jewish people, who were in captivity, an analogy with contemporary Italy. Active political manifestations were caused by the choir of captive Jews from this work. Giuseppe's next opera, The Lombards on the Crusade, also echoed calls for the overthrow of tyranny. It was staged in Milan in 1843. And in Paris in 1847, the second edition of this opera with ballet ("Jerusalem") was presented to the public.

Life in Paris, marriage to J. Strepponi

In the period from 1847 to 1849 he was mainly in the French capital of Giuseppe Verdi. His biography and work at that time were marked by important events. It was in the French capital that he made a new edition of The Lombards (Jerusalem). In addition, in Paris, Verdi met his friend, Giuseppina Strepponi (her portrait is presented above). This singer participated in productions of "Lombards" and "Nabucco" in Milan and already in those years became close to the composer. They eventually got married after 10 years.

Characteristics of Verdi's early work

Almost all the works of Giuseppe of the first period of creativity are thoroughly permeated with patriotic moods, heroic pathos. They are associated with the fight against the oppressors. This, for example, is written by Hugo "Ernani" (the first production took place in Venice in 1844). Verdi created his work "The Two Foscari" after Byron (the premiere took place in Rome in 1844). He was also interested in Schiller's work. The Maid of Orleans was presented in Milan in 1845. In the same year, the premiere of "Alzira" by Voltaire took place in Naples. Shakespeare's Macbeth was staged in Florence in 1847. The operas Macbeth, Attila and Ernani had the greatest success among the compositions of this time. Stage situations from these works reminded the audience of the situation in their country.

Giuseppe Verdi's response to the French Revolution

Biography, summary works and testimonies of the composer's contemporaries indicate that Verdi warmly responded to French Revolution 1848. He was her witness in Paris. Returning to Italy, Verdi composed the Battle of Legnano. This heroic opera was staged in Rome in 1849. The second edition of it refers to 1861 and was presented in Milan ("The Siege of Harlem"). This work describes how the Lombards fought for the unification of the country. Mazzini, an Italian revolutionary, commissioned Giuseppe to write a revolutionary anthem. So the work "The Trumpet Sounds" appeared.

1850s in the work of Verdi

1850s - new period works of Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi. His biography was marked by the creation of operas that reflect the experiences and feelings ordinary people. The struggle of freedom-loving individuals against bourgeois society or feudal oppression became central theme works of the composer of this time. It is already heard in the first operas related to given period. In 1849, Louise Miller was presented to the public in Naples. This work is based on the drama "Cunning and Love" by Schiller. In 1850, Stiffelio was staged in Trieste.

Topic social inequality was deployed with even greater force in such immortal creations as Rigoletto (1851), Il trovatore (1853) and La Traviata (1853). The nature of the music in these operas is truly folk. They showed the gift of the composer as a playwright and melodist, reflecting the truth of life in his works.

The development of the "grand opera" genre

The following creations by Verdi adjoin the genre " grand opera". These are such historical and romantic works as "Sicilian Vespers" (staged in Paris in 1855), "Un ballo in maschera" (premiered in Rome in 1859), "Force of Destiny", written by order Mariinsky Theater. By the way, in connection with the setting latest opera Verdi visited St. Petersburg twice in 1862. The photo below shows his portrait, made in Russia.

In 1867, Don Carlos appeared, written after Schiller. In these operas, Giuseppe's close and beloved themes of the fight against oppressors and inequality are embodied in performances that are replete with contrasting, spectacular scenes.

Opera "Aida"

With the opera "Aida" begins a new period of Verdi's work. It was commissioned by the Egyptian Khedive to the composer in connection with an important event - the opening of the Suez Canal. A. Mariette-bey, a well-known Egyptologist, suggested to the author interesting story in which life is represented ancient egypt. Verdi was interested in this idea. Libretist Gislanzoni worked on the libretto with Verdi. Aida premiered in Cairo in 1871. The success was huge.

Later work of the composer

After that, Giuseppe did not create new operas for 14 years. He reviewed his old works. For example, in Milan in 1881, the premiere of the second edition of the opera Simon Boccanegra, written in 1857 by Giuseppe Verdi, took place. They said about the composer that due to his advanced age he could no longer create something new. However, he soon surprised the public. 72-year-old Italian composer Verdi Giuseppe said he was working on creating new opera"Othello". It was staged in Milan in 1887, and with ballet - in Paris in 1894. And a few years later, the 80-year-old Giuseppe attended the premiere of a new work created also for the production of Falstaff in Milan in 1893. Giuseppe found the wonderful librettist Boito for Shakespearean operas. In the photo below - Boito (left) and Verdi.

Giuseppe, in his last three operas, sought to expand forms, to merge dramatic action and music. He gave recitative a new meaning, strengthened the role played by the orchestra in the disclosure of images.

Verdi's own path in music

As for Giuseppe's other works, the Requiem stands out among them. It is dedicated to the memory of A. Manzoni, famous poet. Giuseppe's work is distinguished by a realistic character. No wonder the composer was called a chronicler musical life Europe 1840-1890 Verdi followed the achievements of contemporary composers - Donizetti, Bellini, Wagner, Meyerbeer, Gounod. However, Giuseppe Verdi did not imitate them. His biography is marked by the creation of independent works already in early period creativity. The composer decided to go own way and not wrong. The intelligible, bright, melodically rich music of Verdi has become very popular all over the world. Democracy and realism of creativity, humanism and humanity, connection with folk art home country, - these are the main reasons why Verdi gained great fame.

On January 27, 1901, Giuseppe Verdi died in Milan. A brief biography and his work to this day are of interest to music lovers from all over the world.

Agostino Agazzari(12/02/1578 - 04/10/1640) - Italian composer and music theorist.

Agazzari was born in Siena into an aristocratic family and received a good education from childhood. In 1600 he published two books of his madrigals in Venice. In 1601 Agazzari moved to Rome and became a teacher at the German-Hungarian College (seminary).

Adriano Banchieri(09/03/1568 - 1634) - Italian composer, music theorist, organist and poet of the late Renaissance and early Baroque. One of the founders of the Accademia dei Floridi in Bologna, one of the leading Italian musical academies of the 17th century.

Alessandro Grandi (de Grandi) (Alessandro Grandi)(1586 - summer 1630) - Italian composer of the early Baroque era, wrote in a new concertato style. He was popular composer northern Italy of that time, famous for its church music, secular cantatas and arias.

Alfonso Fontanelli(02/15/1557 - 02/11/1622) - Italian composer, writer, diplomat, court aristocrat of the late Renaissance and early Baroque. One of the leading representatives of the Ferrara school of art at the end of the 16th century, one of the first composers in the "Second Practice" style during the transition to the Baroque era.

Antonio Cesti(baptized August 5, 1623 - October 14, 1669) - Italian composer of the Baroque era, singer (tenor) and organist. One of the most famous Italian composers of his time, he mainly composed operas and cantatas.

Girolamo Frescobaldi(09/13/1583 - 03/01/1643) - Italian composer, musician, teacher. One of the most important composers organ music late Renaissance and early Baroque. His work is the culmination of the development of 17th century organ music and influenced many major composers, including Johann Sebastian Bach, Henry Purcell and others, until the end of the 19th century.

Giovanni BassanoGiovanni Bassano(c. 1558 - summer 1617) - Italian composer and cornettist (cornette - old brass wooden tool) Venetian school early baroque. Was a key figure in the development instrumental ensemble in St. Mark's Basilica (the most famous cathedral in Venice). Compiled detailed book about instrumental ornamentation, which is a rich source for research in contemporary performance practice.

Giovanni Battista Riccio (Giovanni Battista Riccio)(d. after 1621) - Italian composer and musician of the early Baroque, worked in Venice, made a significant contribution to the development instrumental forms, especially for recorder.

World's Greatest Composers of All Time: Chronological and Alphabetical Listings, References and Works

100 Great Composers of the World

List of composers in chronological order

1. Josquin Despres (1450-1521)
2. Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina (1525-1594)
3. Claudio Monteverdi (1567 -1643)
4. Heinrich Schütz (1585-1672)
5. Jean Baptiste Lully (1632-1687)
6. Henry Purcell (1658-1695)
7. Arcangelo Corelli (1653-1713)
8. Antonio Vivaldi (1678-1741)
9. Jean Philippe Rameau (1683-1764)
10. Georg Handel (1685-1759)
11. Domenico Scarlatti (1685 -1757)
12. Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750)
13. Christoph Willibald Gluck (1713-1787)
14. Joseph Haydn (1732 –1809)
15. Antonio Salieri (1750-1825)
16. Dmitry Stepanovich Bortnyansky (1751-1825)
17. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756 –1791)
18. Ludwig van Beethoven (1770 -1826)
19. Johann Nepomuk Hummel (1778 -1837)
20. Nicollo Paganini (1782-1840)
21. Giacomo Meyerbeer (1791 -1864)
22. Carl Maria von Weber (1786 -1826)
23. Gioacchino Rossini (1792 -1868)
24. Franz Schubert (1797 -1828)
25. Gaetano Donizetti (1797 -1848)
26. Vincenzo Bellini (1801-1835)
27. Hector Berlioz (1803 -1869)
28. Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka (1804 -1857)
29. Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy (1809 -1847)
30. Fryderyk Chopin (1810 -1849)
31. Robert Schumann (1810 -1856)
32. Alexander Sergeevich Dargomyzhsky (1813 -1869)
33. Franz Liszt (1811 -1886)
34. Richard Wagner (1813 -1883)
35. Giuseppe Verdi (1813 -1901)
36. Charles Gounod (1818 -1893)
37. Stanislav Moniuszko (1819 -1872)
38. Jacques Offenbach (1819 -1880)
39. Alexander Nikolaevich Serov (1820 -1871)
40. Cesar Franck (1822 -1890)
41. Bedrich Smetana (1824 -1884)
42. Anton Bruckner (1824 -1896)
43. Johann Strauss (1825 -1899)
44. Anton Grigorievich Rubinstein (1829 -1894)
45. Johannes Brahms (1833 –1897)
46. ​​Alexander Porfiryevich Borodin (1833 -1887)
47. Camille Saint-Saens (1835 -1921)
48. Leo Delibes (1836 -1891)
49. Mily Alekseevich Balakirev (1837 -1910)
50. Georges Bizet (1838 -1875)
51. Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky (1839 -1881)
52. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840 -1893)
53. Antonin Dvorak (1841 -1904)
54. Jules Massenet (1842 -1912)
55. Edvard Grieg (1843 -1907)
56. Nikolai Andreevich Rimsky-Korsakov (1844 -1908)
57. Gabriel Fauré (1845 -1924)
58. Leos Janacek (1854 -1928)
59. Anatoly Konstantinovich Lyadov (1855 -1914)
60. Sergei Ivanovich Taneev (1856 -1915)
61. Ruggero Leoncavallo (1857 -1919)
62. Giacomo Puccini (1858 -1924)
63. Hugo Wolf (1860 -1903)
64. Gustav Mahler (1860 -1911)
65. Claude Debussy (1862 -1918)
66. Richard Strauss (1864 -1949)
67. Alexander Tikhonovich Grechaninov (1864 -1956)
68. Alexander Konstantinovich Glazunov (1865 -1936)
69. Jean Sibelius (1865 -1957)
70. Franz Lehár (1870–1945)
71. Alexander Nikolaevich Skryabin (1872 -1915)
72. Sergei Vasilyevich Rachmaninov (1873 -1943)
73. Arnold Schoenberg (1874 -1951)
74. Maurice Ravel (1875 -1937)
75. Nikolai Karlovich Medtner (1880 -1951)
76. Bela Bartok (1881 -1945)
77. Nikolai Yakovlevich Myaskovsky (1881 -1950)
78. Igor Fedorovich Stravinsky (1882 -1971)
79. Anton Webern (1883 -1945)
80. Imre Kalman (1882 -1953)
81. Alban Berg (1885 -1935)
82. Sergei Sergeevich Prokofiev (1891 -1953)
83. Arthur Honegger (1892 -1955)
84. Darius Millau (1892 -1974)
85. Carl Orff (1895 -1982)
86. Paul Hindemith (1895 -1963)
87. George Gershwin (1898–1937)
88. Isaak Osipovich Dunayevsky (1900 -1955)
89. Aram Ilyich Khachaturian (1903 -1978)
90. Dmitry Dmitrievich Shostakovich (1906 -1975)
91. Tikhon Nikolaevich Khrennikov (born in 1913)
92. Benjamin Britten (1913 -1976)
93. Georgy Vasilievich Sviridov (1915 -1998)
94. Leonard Bernstein (1918 -1990)
95. Rodion Konstantinovich Shchedrin (born in 1932)
96. Krzysztof Penderecki (b. 1933)
97. Alfred Garievich Schnittke (1934 -1998)
98. Bob Dylan (b. 1941)
99. John Lennon (1940-1980) and Paul McCartney (b. 1942)
100. Sting (b. 1951)

MASTERPIECES OF CLASSICAL MUSIC

The most famous composers in the world

List of composers in alphabetical order

N	Composer	Nationality	Direction	Year
1	Albinoni Tomaso	Italian	Baroque	1671-1751
2	Arensky Anton (Antony) Stepanovich	Russian	Romanticism	1861-1906
3	Baini Giuseppe	Italian	Church Music - Renaissance	1775-1844
4	Balakirev Mily Alekseevich	Russian	"Mighty handful" - nationally oriented Russian music school	1836/37-1910
5	Bach Johann Sebastian	Deutsch	Baroque	1685-1750
6	Bellini Vincenzo	Italian	Romanticism	1801-1835
7	Berezovsky Maxim Sozontovich	Russian-Ukrainian	Classicism	1745-1777
8	Beethoven Ludwig van	Deutsch	between classicism and romanticism	1770-1827
9	Bizet Georges	French	Romanticism	1838-1875
10	Boito (Boito) Arrigo	Italian	Romanticism	1842-1918
11	Boccherini Luigi	Italian	Classicism	1743-1805
12	Borodin Alexander Porfiryevich	Russian	Romanticism - "The Mighty Handful"	1833-1887
13	Bortnyansky Dmitry Stepanovich	Russian-Ukrainian	Classicism - Church music	1751-1825
14	Brahms Johannes	Deutsch	Romanticism	1833-1897
15	Wagner Wilhelm Richard	Deutsch	Romanticism	1813-1883
16	Varlamov Alexander Egorovich	Russian	Russian folk music	1801-1848
17	Weber (Weber) Carl Maria von	Deutsch	Romanticism	1786-1826
18	Verdi Giuseppe Fortunio Francesco	Italian	Romanticism	1813-1901
19	Verstovsky Alexey Nikolaevich	Russian	Romanticism	1799-1862
20	Vivaldi Antonio	Italian	Baroque	1678-1741
21	Villa-Lobos Heitor	Brazilian	Neoclassicism	1887-1959
22	Wolf-Ferrari Ermanno	Italian	Romanticism	1876-1948
23	Haydn Franz Joseph	Austrian	Classicism	1732-1809
24	Handel Georg Friedrich	Deutsch	Baroque	1685-1759
25	Gershwin George	American	-	1898-1937
26	Glazunov Alexander Konstantinovich	Russian	Romanticism - "The Mighty Handful"	1865-1936
27	Glinka Mikhail Ivanovich	Russian	Classicism	1804-1857
28	Glier Reinhold Moritzevich	Russian and Soviet	-	1874/75-1956
29	Gluk Christoph Willibald	Deutsch	Classicism	1714-1787
30	Granados, Granados y Campina Enrique	Spanish	Romanticism	1867-1916
31	Grechaninov Alexander Tikhonovich	Russian	Romanticism	1864-1956
32	Grieg Edvard Haberup	Norwegian	Romanticism	1843-1907
33	Hummel, Hummel (Hummel) Johann (Jan) Nepomuk	Austrian - Czech by nationality	Classicism-Romanticism	1778-1837
34	Gounod Charles François	French	Romanticism	1818-1893
35	Gurilev Alexander Lvovich	Russian	-	1803-1858
36	Dargomyzhsky Alexander Sergeevich	Russian	Romanticism	1813-1869
37	Dvorjak Antonin	Czech	Romanticism	1841-1904
38	Debussy Claude Achille	French	Romanticism	1862-1918
39	Delibes Clement Philibert Leo	French	Romanticism	1836-1891
40	Destouches André Cardinal	French	Baroque	1672-1749
41	Degtyarev Stepan Anikievich	Russian	church music	1776-1813
42	Giuliani Mauro	Italian	Classicism-Romanticism	1781-1829
43	Dinicu Grigorash	Romanian		1889-1949
44	Donizetti Gaetano	Italian	Classicism-Romanticism	1797-1848
45	Ippolitov-Ivanov Mikhail Mikhailovich	Russian-Soviet composer	20th-century classical composers	1859-1935
46	Kabalevsky Dmitry Borisovich	Russian-Soviet composer	20th-century classical composers	1904-1987
47	Kalinnikov Vasily Sergeevich	Russian	Russian musical classics	1866-1900/01
48	Kalman (Kalman) Imre (Emmerich)	Hungarian	20th-century classical composers	1882-1953
49	Cui Caesar Antonovich	Russian	Romanticism - "The Mighty Handful"	1835-1918
50	Leoncavallo Ruggiero	Italian	Romanticism	1857-1919
51	Liszt (Liszt) Franz (Franz)	Hungarian	Romanticism	1811-1886
52	Lyadov Anatoly Konstantinovich	Russian	20th-century classical composers	1855-1914
53	Lyapunov Sergey Mikhailovich	Russian	Romanticism	1850-1924
54	Mahler (Mahler) Gustav	Austrian	Romanticism	1860-1911
55	Mascagni Pietro	Italian	Romanticism	1863-1945
56	Massenet Jules Emile Frederic	French	Romanticism	1842-1912
57	Marcello (Marcello) Benedetto	Italian	Baroque	1686-1739
58	Meyerbeer Giacomo	French	Classicism-Romanticism	1791-1864
59	Mendelssohn, Mendelssohn-Bartholdy Jacob Ludwig Felix	Deutsch	Romanticism	1809-1847
60	Mignoni (Mignone) Francisco	Brazilian	20th-century classical composers	1897
61	Monteverdi Claudio Giovanni Antonio	Italian	Renaissance-Baroque	1567-1643
62	Moniuszko Stanislav	Polish	Romanticism	1819-1872
63	Mozart Wolfgang Amadeus	Austrian	Classicism	1756-1791
64	Mussorgsky Modest Petrovich	Russian	Romanticism - "The Mighty Handful"	1839-1881
65	Headmaster Eduard Frantsevich	Russian - Czech by nationality	Romanticism?	1839-1916
66	Oginsky (Oginski) Michal Kleofas	Polish	-	1765-1833
67	Offenbach (Offenbach) Jacques (Jacob)	French	Romanticism	1819-1880
68	Paganini Nicolo	Italian	Classicism-Romanticism	1782-1840
69	Pachelbel Johann	Deutsch	Baroque	1653-1706
70	Plunkett, Plunkett (Planquette) Jean Robert Julien	French	-	1848-1903
71	Ponce Cuellar Manuel Maria	Mexican	20th-century classical composers	1882-1948
72	Prokofiev Sergey Sergeevich	Russian-Soviet composer	Neoclassicism	1891-1953
73	Poulenc Francis	French	Neoclassicism	1899-1963
74	Puccini Giacomo	Italian	Romanticism	1858-1924
75	Ravel Maurice Joseph	French	Neoclassicism-Impressionism	1875-1937
76	Rachmaninov Sergei Vasilievich	Russian	Romanticism	1873-1943
77	Rimsky - Korsakov Nikolai Andreevich	Russian	Romanticism - "The Mighty Handful"	1844-1908
78	Rossini Gioacchino Antonio	Italian	Classicism-Romanticism	1792-1868
79	Rota Nino	Italian	20th-century classical composers	1911-1979
80	Rubinstein Anton Grigorievich	Russian	Romanticism	1829-1894
81	Sarasate, Sarasate y Navascuez Pablo de	Spanish	Romanticism	1844-1908
82	Sviridov Georgy Vasilievich (Yuri)	Russian-Soviet composer	Neo-Romanticism	1915-1998
83	Saint-Saëns Charles Camille	French	Romanticism	1835-1921
84	Sibelius (Sibelius) Jan (Johan)	Finnish	Romanticism	1865-1957
85	Scarlatti Giuseppe Domenico	Italian	Baroque-Classicism	1685-1757
86	Skryabin Alexander Nikolaevich	Russian	Romanticism	1871/72-1915
87	Sour cream (Smetana) Bridzhih	Czech	Romanticism	1824-1884
88	Stravinsky Igor Fyodorovich	Russian	Neo-Romanticism-Neo-Baroque-Serialism	1882-1971
89	Taneev Sergey Ivanovich	Russian	Romanticism	1856-1915
90	Telemann Georg Philipp	Deutsch	Baroque	1681-1767
91	Torelli Giuseppe	Italian	Baroque	1658-1709
92	Tosti Francesco Paolo	Italian	-	1846-1916
93	Fibich Zdenek	Czech	Romanticism	1850-1900
94	Flotow Friedrich von	Deutsch	Romanticism	1812-1883
95	Khachaturian Aram	Armenian-Soviet composer	20th-century classical composers	1903-1978
96	Holst Gustav	English	-	1874-1934
97	Tchaikovsky Pyotr Ilyich	Russian	Romanticism	1840-1893
98	Chesnokov Pavel Grigorievich	Russian-Soviet composer	-	1877-1944
99	Cilea (Cilea) Francesco	Italian	-	1866-1950
100	Cimarosa Domenico	Italian	Classicism	1749-1801
101	Schnittke Alfred Garrievich	Soviet composer	polystylistics	1934-1998
102	Chopin Fryderyk	Polish	Romanticism	1810-1849
103	Shostakovich Dmitry Dmitrievich	Russian-Soviet composer	Neoclassicism-NeoRomanticism	1906-1975
104	Strauss Johann (father)	Austrian	Romanticism	1804-1849
105	Strauss (Straus) Johann (son)	Austrian	Romanticism	1825-1899
106	Strauss Richard	Deutsch	Romanticism	1864-1949
107	Franz Schubert	Austrian	Romanticism-Classicism	1797-1828
108	Schumann Robert	Deutsch	Romanticism	1810-1

Presentation "Great Italian composers»
slide 1:

• 
  Music has always played an important role in Italian culture. Instruments associated with classical music, including the piano and violin, were invented in Italy.
• 
  In 16th and 17th century Italian music, the roots of many of the predominant classical forms of music, such as the symphony, concerto, and sonatas, can be traced.

Slide 2: Goals of the presentation:

1. 
   To acquaint with the work of Italian composers of the 7th-20th centuries.

• 
  Antonio Salieri;
• 
  Niccolo Paganini;
• 
  Gioacchino Rossini;
• 
  Giuseppe Verdi;
• 
  Antonio Vivaldi.

1. 
   Develop a figurative perception of music.
2. 
   Build musical taste.

Italian composers of the 7th-20th centuries. Brief biographical information:

• 
  Antonio Salieri;
• 
  Niccolo Paganini;
• 
  Gioacchino Rossini;
• 
  Giuseppe Verdi;
• 
  Antonio Vivaldi.

1. 
   Instrumental concert by A. Vivaldi "The Seasons":

• 
  Winter;
• 
  Spring;
• 
  Summer;
• 
  Autumn.

Slide 4:

• 
  The Baroque era is represented in Italy by composers Scarlatti, Corelli and Vivaldi, the era of classicism by composers Paganini and Rossini, and the era of romanticism by composers Verdi and Puccini.
• 
  Classic musical traditions still, as evidenced by the glory of countless opera houses such as La Scala in Milan and San Carlo in Naples, and performers such as the pianist Maurizio Pollini and the late tenor Luciano Pavarotti.

This slide tells about the life and work of the Italian composer Antonio Salieri - an Italian composer, conductor and teacher. He came from a wealthy family of merchants, studied at home to play the violin and harp. Salieri wrote more than 40 operas, of which today The Danaids, Tarar and Falstaff are famous. Especially for the opening of the theater "La Scala" he wrote the opera "Recognized Europe", which to this day is on this stage. , chamber, sacred music, incl. "Requiem", written in 1804, but first performed at his funeral.

Listen to this piece.
Slide 5:

Paganini's playing revealed such wide possibilities for the violin that contemporaries suspected that he possessed some secret hidden from others; some even believed that the violinist sold his soul to the devil. All violin art subsequent eras developed under the influence of Paganini's style. Here is one of the most famous works Caprice #24.
Slide 6:

Spoon ice cracked

Cover of the winter pond.

The sun blinded the river

No roads - one stream

Wind warm bridle.

They brought rooks yesterday.

Everything chirps and sparkles with the caress of the first spring days,

And in a hurry to wash. An old sparrow in a puddle.
Slide 13:

So the days of spring flew by quickly,

And the warm summer has come.

And the sun is hot and radiant.

It brought with it.
Slide 14:

Look, it's autumn.
Autumn day, sad day,

Aspen leaf, farewell,

The leaf is spinning, the leaf is spinning

The leaf falls to sleep on the ground.

Italian composers of the 18th century

R.K. Are you interested in the current revival Italian masters XVIII century?

I.S. Not really. Vivaldi was overrated - a boring person who could reuse the same form over and over. And despite my preference for Galuppi and Marcello (inspired more by Vernon Lee's 18th Century Studies in Italy than their music), they are weak composers. As for Cimarosa, I always expect him to drop his four times four and turn into Mozart, and when that doesn't happen, I get more annoyed than if Mozart weren't there at all. I have deep respect for Caldar, since Mozart transcribed seven of his canons, but I know little of his music. Pergolesi? "Pulcinella" is the only "his" thing that I like. Another thing is Scarlatti, but even he did little to diversify the form.

Having spent part of the last two years in Venice, I have often heard this music. On the occasion of Goldoni's jubilee, many operas based on his stories were staged. I've always regretted not being able to fully appreciate Goldoni, with or without music - I don't understand his language - but I'm more interested in Goldoni than the musicians who wrote to his lyrics. However, in the theater of La Fenice or Chiostro Verde Sant Giorgio, everyone likes it a little more than anywhere else.

From Venetian music - this much richer and closer period to us - I would like to revive Monteverdi, the two Gabriels, Cipriano and Villart and many others - after all, even the great Obrecht was at one time a Venetian. True, last year I heard a concert of Giovanni Gabrieli - Giovanni Croce there, but almost nothing remained of the spirit of their music. The tempos were wrong, the melismas were missing or played incorrectly, the style and feeling were three and a half centuries ahead of their time, and the orchestra was eighteenth century. When will they finally understand that the main thing in the performance of Gabrieli's music is rhythm, and not harmony? When will they stop trying to extract choral effects from simple changes in harmony and will discover, articulate his wonderful rhythmic inventions? Gabrieli is a rhythmic polyphony. (I)

From the book Reader in Philosophy author Radugin A. A.

Topic 7. Rationalism of the Age of Enlightenment and metaphysical materialism of the 18th century F. M. A. WOLTER... Whatever efforts I make in favor of my doubts, I am more convinced of the existence of bodies than of most geometric truths. It may seem strange, but I

From the book Philosophy: A Textbook for Universities author Mironov Vladimir Vasilievich

Chapter 2. Philosophy in Russia of the 18th century From the end of the 17th - early XVIII in. came new stage in the history of Russia. It was marked primarily by the objectively overdue transformations carried out by Peter I, which opened the way to the Europeanization of the country. Ideological rationale

From the book Discourses on Religion, Nature and Reason author Le Bovier de Fontenelle Bernard

FOREWORD At the Origins of the 18th Century French Enlightenment Among eminent thinkers who prepared the French Enlightenment of the 18th century, important place owned by Bernard Le Bovier de Fontenelle. The multifaceted, talented and visionary Fontenelle did a lot for

From the book Volume 14 author Engels Friedrich

VI. INFANTRY OF THE 18TH CENTURY Along with the displacement of the pike from the equipment of the infantry, all types of protective weapons disappeared, and from now on this branch of the army consisted of only one type of soldier armed with a flintlock gun with a bayonet. This change culminated in the early years of the Spanish War.

From the book The Problem of Personality in the Philosophy of Classical Anarchism the author Ryabov Petr

From the book Fundamentals of Philosophy author Babaev Yuri

Kant is a thinker of the 18th century and the founder of philosophical XIX

From the book Dialogues Memories Reflections author Stravinsky Igor Fyodorovich

French composers R.K. Do you continue to be enthusiastic about Gounod, Messager and Lecoq? What does the juxtaposition of Gounod and Bizet tell you? I. S. Please, please. I had a certain predilection for Lecoq during the Mavra period and composed one melody "in memory of him"

From the book Cheat Sheets on Philosophy author Nyukhtilin Victor

7. Philosophy of the French Enlightenment of the 18th century and its representatives ENLIGHTENMENT is a socio-political movement Western Europe XVII-XVIII centuries, which wanted to correct the shortcomings social structure by promoting scientific knowledge and distribution

From the book From Spinoza to Marx author Lunacharsky Anatoly Vasilievich

Marx and Engels on French materialism of the 18th century recent times one may fear some displacement of Marxism with light hand Plekhanov towards the materialism of the 18th century, which led to an underestimation of the colossally important new ideas introduced into materialism by Marx.

From the book Philosophy: Lecture Notes author Olshevskaya Natalia

Russian Enlighteners II half of XVIII century To understand the philosophical process in Russia in terms of content great importance has a tracing of the concept and issues sequentially through several historical periods. They gave rise to various

From the book Philosophy. cheat sheets author Malyshkina Maria Viktorovna

83. Areas of Philosophical Interests of Russian Enlighteners of the Second Half of the 18th Century

From the book Volume 26, part 2 author Engels Friedrich

Smith's "in passing" theory that bread creates its own demand for itself, etc. (155) is a theory, with

From the book History secret societies, unions and orders the author Schuster Georg

From the book The Idea of ​​the State. Critical experience of the history of social and political theories in France since the revolution by Michel Henri

THE TRANSFORMATIONAL PHILOSOPHY OF THE 18TH CENTURY AND THE THEORY OF ENLIGHTENED DESPOTISM

From the author's book

HOW INDIVIDUALISTS IN THE 18TH CENTURY UNDERSTAND THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE INDIVIDUAL AND THE STATE In the era of administrative monarchy, the problem of the relationship of the individual to the state did not exist, because the state then had all rights, and only rights.

From the author's book

CHAPTER ONE THE TRANSITION OF INDIVIDUALISM IN THE 18TH CENTURY INTO THE 19TH CENTURY The individualist politics of the 19th century are connected with the 18th century by three books, widely differing in manner and character: A Commentary on the Spirit of the Laws by Destu de Tracy, An Essay on the Guarantees of the Person to the Don and