Honorary title of the people. What are the benefits of the title "People's Artist of Russia"

As in any other activity, the merits of cultural workers have always been marked by state awards. Why did they receive them? For contribution to the development of culture and personal investment in the development of art. And what is higher - an honored artist or a folk artist? Let's figure it out.

Who can apply for state-level awards?

People often ask themselves: "Which is higher - the people's or honored artist of Russia?". But in order to answer it, you first need to understand who can claim this title. First of all, of course, these are the people who can be seen on the screens of cinemas. These are actors. They are more likely than others to receive government incentives. But after all, no film can be made without those who remain behind the scenes. Directors, screenwriters, playwrights - these are the people who make a significant contribution to the development of cinema. And they also often receive state awards. The work of artists who do not act in films, but often appear on television, is also noted. These are singers and TV presenters. The state also supports various other areas of culture. For example, circus, theater and philharmonic. People who long years working on creating spectacular programs, whether it be circus show or concerts opera music, can rightfully be marked with state privileges.

What can you get an award for in the arts?

Before you understand what is higher - an honored artist or a folk artist, you need to decide what he generally encourages people for.

• First of all, of course, for the creation of cult programs and films. For setting such creative projects takes more than one year. But they become part of the life of the people. Cult films broadcast annually on TV, and theatrical performances staged in theaters across the country.
• State awards encourage people who, thanks to their talent and personal charisma, enrich this or that role. And it will not always be those who act as the main actors. Sometimes state awards are received by supporting actors who have done an excellent job and were able to outshine everyone else with the art of playing.
• An honorary title can be obtained for a breakthrough in any of the fields of art. How to make this breakthrough? Come up with a program by which the actors will be trained, write an unexpected scenario twist that has never been used anywhere before. In general, to make an innovation, thanks to which the culture of the country will be enriched.
• Teaching is a noble profession. And sometimes creative personalities, who brought up more than one generation of great actors, musicians, conductors, etc., become owners of state awards.

Honored Artist

Thanks to their talent and charisma, some people become the favorites of the public. To understand what is higher - an honored artist or a folk one, you need to analyze these titles separately, and then compare them. Throughout his life, a cultural figure receives many awards. First, he is awarded city, then regional, and only then state insignia. A person who claims to be an honored artist must have worked in culture for at least 20 years. Moreover, during this time he must go through all the stages of development, from the very bottom, to the heights of his career, and, accordingly, to glory. After all, not everyone becomes an honored artist, but only those people who not only work in culture, but also enrich it through their talent and diligence. Sometimes they have to live with work, and therefore at work. This hard work is appreciated by the government. The award is most often timed to coincide with March 25 - the Day of the Cultural Worker.

National artist

After a person contributes to the development of art, the government awards him the first title. An honored artist is a figure who, through his creative work, has contributed to the promotion of his chosen field for 30 years. If this person does not lose his potential and does not stop there, the next government award awaits him. A cultural figure becomes a people's artist. But only those who have given their profession 20 years of their lives can receive this title. The only exceptions are ballet dancers. After all, as you know, ballerinas, in their 30s, are already considered pensioners. Therefore, as an exception, they are awarded the title of People's Artists for 20 years of outstanding creative activity. Like all other state awards, the order for the appointment of a new rank is drawn up by the government and signed by the president. Therefore, answering the question which is higher - an honored artist or a folk one, we can safely say that it's a folk one. After all, to achieve this honorary award, you need to give most his life in the service of art.

Comparison

We have already understood which title is higher - people's artist or honored. Now you need to summarize and organize the information.

• Both titles are state, appointed by the government.
• status" National artist"Awarded to a person for 30 years of serving art. But to become an honored artist, you need to work in culture for at least 20 years. The only exceptions are ballerinas.
• What is the difference between a people's artist and an honored artist? In the order of obtaining titles. It is impossible to become a people's artist if there is no honored artist award in the arsenal of achievements.

What title is valued by cultural figures?

What is higher - people's artist or honored - the reader has already understood. But how do cultural figures themselves relate to these titles? Naturally, both government awards are important for people.

But in culture, as well as in the military branch, that soldier is bad who does not dream of becoming a general. Therefore, artists who have already reached the title of honored artists try not to lose face and work hard to get the coveted award. Honored Artist is not just a title, it is something more. Recognition, people's love and reaching the top in a career - that's what the decree and the badge relying on him mean for an artist. Therefore, without a doubt, every person who works in the field of culture and wants to achieve something in this life, hopes at the end of his brilliant career have the honorary title of People's Artist.

Who and how decides whether or not to be a “deserved” and “popular” star, the site found out.

In March of this year, the Ministry of Culture of Russia nevertheless approved the candidacy of musician Nikolai Noskov for the title of Honored Artist of the Russian Federation. True, a month earlier, a refusal came from there. What changed? And how do artists get titles - on merit or for money?

Documents returned due to traffic police fine

Unfortunately, in our country, receiving awards depends on connections and on the petition of influential people. And Kolya never asked anything from anyone and never will ask, - musician Sergey Trofimov (Trofim) tells the Interlocutor. - We have placed a petition on the Internet in support of Nikolai Noskov and have collected more than five thousand signatures. At the same time, they turned to the Union of Variety Artists to nominate Nikolai for the title. Once they nominated me for a well-deserved artist. True, this performance lay somewhere in the "cultural" offices for more than three years. I am glad that on the second attempt, but the title was nevertheless awarded to Noskov. Who, if not him, should be deserved?!

// Photo: Global Look Press

AT recent times this is such a sore point, and I am glad that you are raising it, - says Valeria Gushchina, senior consultant of the Actors Guild of the Union of Cinematographers of Russia. - Who is being awarded today and who is given titles? How are they chosen? Unclear! Film actor Igor Petrenko, who starred in more than 50 films, has not been able to get a well-deserved one for several years, although he is a laureate of the State Prize of Russia. Recently, they denied the title of national to the wonderful artist Mikhail Zhigalov, who devoted his whole life to theater and cinema. The main thing is that we are not even told the motivation for refusals. Somehow they returned the documents of one artist who has 96 film roles behind him. It turns out that he did not pay a traffic police fine of 230 rubles! And how many documents do you need to collect! For example, they were required to have a tax certificate. Well, what does this have to do with the talent of the artist ?!

Who paid for Baskov?

To receive the title or award of an artist, any organization must submit: a theater, a film studio, a trade union, and so on. A special expert council under the Ministry of Culture considers the candidacy. Today it consists of 34 people.

Under the chairmanship of Minister Vladimir Medinsky, directors Nikita Mikhalkov and Vladimir Khotinenko, President of the Academy of Arts Zurab Tsereteli, writer Yury Polyakov, composer Alexei Rybnikov and other cultural figures gather (on a voluntary basis, that is, free of charge) once a year to decide the fate of artists. Each candidate is discussed separately, the submitted documents (articles, video materials - recordings of programs, excerpts from films, performances, concerts) are studied. Then they vote. It happens that in one meeting you have to consider up to a hundred people. Of this number, the council may recommend ten people to approve. Every year is different. And the final decision is made by officials of the Ministry of Culture. Moreover, the selection criteria are not always clear.

As a source in the ministry told Interlocutor, for a long time they did not approve the title of People's Artist of Russia to satirist Mikhail Zhvanetsky. Respected and beloved by the public, Mikhal Mikhalych was presented to the title in different years by various organizations - from the Mosconcert to the Variety Theater, but Zhvanetsky became popular only on the eve of his 80th birthday. But suspiciously early, the same title was awarded to singer Nikolai Baskov - at that time he was 33 years old. They say that this is due to the former chairman of the State Duma, politician Gennady Seleznev. Say, he favored Baskov so much that he put in a word for him. There are other rumors that the title of Nikolai was bought by his then producer, businessman and father of the ex-wife of the singer Boris Shpigel. But the Ministry of Culture assures that it is impossible to buy a title or an award from them.

With us, this is categorically excluded, - an employee of the department is indignant in a conversation with the Interlocutor. - Although I can admit that this is possible somewhere at another stage: for example, to pay someone in an organization that represents a person. But I think that it is not easy to do it there either. Our board tries to consider each candidate objectively.

Previously, all this took a lot of time, not like now, - says the CT announcer, People's Artist Russian Anna Shatilova. - First they gave the lowest rank - deserved. Then many years had to pass before you could be introduced to the people. So many documents had to be collected, different commissions were sitting! My candidacy was considered for six years. I had two creative characteristics: from People's Artist of the USSR, radio announcer Yuri Levitan and from People's Artist of the USSR, choreographer Igor Moiseev. I no longer hoped. But one day in 1988 they called from the Kremlin and said that they needed to be at the ceremony on the same day at 15:00. I couldn't because of work. Then I was invited to the presentation at the Ministry of Culture, but again I could not. In the end, I was handed a certificate and a badge at the Ostankino television center.

Blind the Everyman

Previously, people's artists of the USSR were provided with additional meters of living space, services in elite clinics and sanatoriums, on tour they relied on a deluxe hotel room and tickets to the SV, as well as a black Volga for the performance and after the performance. In addition, they paid a double pension.

Now there are no special benefits for artists with titles. The exception is those living in Moscow, they are paid 30,000 rubles a month, continues Valery Gushchin's story. - But this innovation was introduced this year and it is not known whether the surcharge will continue next year. As soon as they began to pay this amount to the deserved and popular ones, artists reached out to our guild with a request, even a demand, to nominate them to the title. They say: “This money would help me so much now!” We try to help somehow, but, I repeat, it does not always work out. But look at our pop young pop divas. Through one - honored and national. Who rewards them and on what basis?!

Indeed, for example, Natasha Koroleva became well-deserved at the age of 29, while at the same time she said to the indignation of some: “I have nothing to be ashamed of!” Diana Gurtskaya received the same title at 28. For comparison: the pop "empress" Irina Allegrova became well-deserved for her 50th birthday. And although today the titles of artists, by and large, do not bring anything (it is unlikely that the same Koroleva, with her concert fees, is in dire need of an additional 30 thousand), it is still prestigious. It's so nice to write capital letters on the poster or announce from the stage: "The honored (people's) artist is performing ..." Blind the layman.

Background

In 1896, five people from the troupe of the Alexandrinsky Theater became the first "Honored Artists of His Majesty the Imperial Theatres". Also, one of the first to receive this title was the ballerina Matilda Kshesinskaya. In 1918, the title was officially annulled. And a year later, another appeared - "People's Artist of the Republic." The first to be awarded was Fyodor Chaliapin (pictured). In 1931, this title was changed to "People's Artist of the RSFSR". Then the "Honored Artist of the RSFSR" appeared. This title is awarded to those who have worked in the field of art for at least 10 years.

In 1936, Joseph Stalin signed a decree conferring the new title "People's Artist of the USSR". Artists of the Moscow Art Theater were the first to receive it. In 1991, with the collapse of the Soviet Union, this title ceased to exist. In total, 1006 people became People's Artists of the USSR. Alla Pugacheva and Oleg Yankovsky were the last to receive it. Today, 146 people live with this title in the country. In the entire history, 31-year-old Muslim Magomayev became the youngest people's artist of the USSR.

People's Artist of the USSR Igor Kirillov: I chew bread and butter. Sometimes - with caviar

The most honorary title in the Soviet Union is an announcer Central Television Igor Kirillov received in 1988.

// Photo: Andrey Strunin / "Interlocutor"

Lord, who needs this title now?! - Igor Leonidovich exclaimed in a conversation with the "Interlocutor". - It's all over! And the Soviet Union is long gone. I still have the title of "People's Artist of the RSFSR", and there is no such republic anymore. The title is, of course, honorary. But on odd days - it's just like that. Is today an odd day? So, today I am a simple normal pensioner. Departing nature. Unfortunately.

- Wasn't it strange that the TV announcer was awarded such a prestigious, but still acting title?

Well, up to me the rank People's USSR radio announcers Yuri Levitan and Olga Vysotskaya, and CT announcer Valentina Leontieva have already received. I am not the first in this case. You know, this fact has not changed anything special in my life. Who I was, and who I am. I am calm about the title, but with gratitude. And there were no benefits, which are so much talked about. Anyway, I didn't use them. The car was his own, drove more than 60 years. And in domestic plan I didn't need much, just work.

- Now your title does not give materially anything?

Well, they began to add 30 thousand rubles to the pension. This is an initiative of Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin. So I chew bread and butter. And sometimes even with caviar.

Viktor Merezhko: I came to the Kremlin by metro

As a rule, titles and awards are presented in the Kremlin before any holiday - Russia Day, Constitution Day, New Year. The celebration takes place in the Catherine's Hall of the Kremlin Palace.

// Photo: Global Look Press

I got a call from the presidential administration and invited me to come to the Kremlin on such and such a date to receive an award, ”playwright Viktor Merezhko, who four years ago became a people’s artist of the Russian Federation, tells the Sobesednik. - There was a recommendation to wear a black suit and tie, which, by the way, I don’t wear in my life. I remember asking my neighbor Arkady Inin to tie him up for me, because I don’t know how. They didn't offer me a car. I took the subway. I entered the Kremlin through the Spasskaya Tower.

For about an hour we were kept in some kind of dressing room, then they let us into the hall. There were papers with names on each chair. We waited for the President for about half an hour. A lot of people talked for as much as five minutes, thanked the motherland and the president. It was exhausting for everyone. So I just walked out, received the award, said thank you, and sat down. I did not go to the podium, although no one forbade me. After the ceremony, glasses of champagne were brought in. A crush formed around the president, everyone wanted to be closer to him. I did not push people with my elbows, somehow indecent. I drank champagne and went to the subway.

Folk without quotes

It happens that the artists loved by the people do not receive any title. For example, Vladimir Vysotsky or Oleg Dal. And this is understandable: is it possible to imagine that the Ministry of Culture of the USSR could seriously discuss the award to the rebel Vysotsky?! Although he still became well-deserved, posthumously. Yes, even today many famous artists don't have any title. Alexander Baluev, Lyubov Tolkalina, Ivan Okhlobystin, Anna Ardova, Victoria Tolstoganova...

Some artists themselves refuse titles. For example, the leader of the DDT group, Yuri Shevchuk, did not want to receive the people's RF, because he was offended that he would receive this title after he was ten years old. Such rules. But Leonid Yarmolnik at one time was offered to skip the well-deserved one and immediately get the national one. But he also refused.

// Photo: Global Look Press

I am deeply convinced that the artist should be known by name and in person, - Leonid expresses his opinion to the Interlocutor. - The title of the people is devalued in our country, almost everyone already has it, although they are not the Ulyanovs, not the Evstigneevs, not the Yakovlevs, not the Efremovs, and so on. Or even simpler and clearer: imagine - US People's Artist Jack Nicholson, Marlon Brando, Robert De Niro, Al Pacino...

The famous Athos, Veniamin Smekhov, who worked for many years at the Taganka Theater, was left without the title of the people.

We, the young ones, were once introduced to the ranks, ”recalls Veniamin Borisovich. - Then we were recalled, because we were next to the disgraced director Yuri Lyubimov. Then they wanted to give again. And now the time has come when it is not necessary. After all, if a person whom you do not know comes with the statement: “I am the People's Artist Golopupkin”, you are unlikely to start treating him well. Ecclesiastes says: "A good name is more precious than a ringing suit." Therefore, when people from a high height hinted, and not to me, but to my wife Galina, that it would be necessary, she honestly said: "He will not talk to you."

Who else?

In different years for different reasons they also refused awards and titles: actor Alexei Devotchenko from the title of Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, writer Yuri Bondarev and artist Vakhtang Kikabidze from the Order of Friendship, musician Konstantin Kinchev from the medal "Defender of Free Russia", writer Alexander Solzhenitsyn from the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called ...

The material was published in the publication "Interlocutor" No. 12-2018.

One of the types of state recognition of services to the public, among others, are honorary titles. honorary titles Russian Federation belong to the system of state awards and distinctions of the Russian Federation.

On December 30, 1995, the President of the Russian Federation B.N. Yeltsin signed Decree No. 1341 “On the Establishment of Honorary Titles” to replace the previously existing honorary titles of the RSFSR. This decree establishes 54 titles, among which the list under No. 1 is the People's Artist of the Russian Federation.

The title of People's Artist of Russia is the highest honorary title for achievements in the field of art. This title can be awarded to theater and circus workers, music and variety art, representatives of the cinema art, all whose social contribution to the prosperity of the art of the Russian Federation was appreciated and widely recognized by both the public and the professional community. The title of People's Artist can be awarded to representatives of such professions as artists, conductors, playwrights, composers, directors, musical performers and etc.

The title of "People's Artist" is awarded on the eve of the Day of the Cultural Worker, which is celebrated on March 25 annually on the basis of the Decree of the President of the country once a year.

The progenitor of the current title of "People's Artist of the Russian Federation" was the title of "People's Artist of the Republic", approved by the government in 1919. The first holders of this title were F. Chaliapin, L. Sobinov and A. Glazunov. The title "People's Artist of the RSFSR" has been awarded since 1931. And from 1936 to 1991, the title "People's Artist of the RSFSR" was higher than the title "People's Artist of the USSR". After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the name underwent minor transformations: the word "RSFSR" was replaced by the words "Russian Federation".

Since 1995, the title of "People's" has been awarded to nominees who already have the title of "Honored Artist of the Russian Federation" or "Honored Worker of the Russian Federation", but not earlier than ten years after the previous title was awarded.

The title of "People's Artist of the Russian Federation" was reinforced by the award of a badge. The badge of honor is the same for all honorary titles in Russia. Badge size 30 mm by 40 mm. Made from silver based alloys. Oval, framed with oak and laurel branches, fastened at the bottom with a ribbon. At the top of the order is the coat of arms of Russia. In the center of the sign is the inscription - "People's Artist". back side the badge is equipped with a pin, the badge is attached to the chest on the right.

Since 2010, the badge "People's Artist of the Russian Federation" has been gilded.

Since 1995, more than a thousand people have been awarded the honorary title of "People's Artist", including singers, film and theater artists, workers circus art, directors, conductors and representatives of other professions in the arts.

In 1995, the title was awarded to 82 representatives of the above professions.

Among them are known to a wide range of names:

Artistic Director of the Moscow Ballet Theater Vladimir Vasiliev;

Actor of the Mayakovsky Moscow Theatre, Igor Kostalevsky;

Theater and film actors Avangard Leontiev Evgeniya Simonova, Leonid Solovyov, Natalya Selezneva, Margarita Terekhova, Mikhail Filippov,

Theater director Yuri Osherov;

Film director Evgeny Tashkov;

Opera singer Dmitry Hvorostovsky;

Mosconcert soloist Ekaterina Shavrina.

1996 - 77 people were awarded the title of "People's Artist of the Russian Federation", among them:

Mosconcert artist David Ashkenazi;

Cinematographer Valery Ginzburg;

Pop singer and composer Vyacheslav Dobrynin;

Pop singers Sergey Zakharov and Valery Leontiev;

Composers Igor Krutoy, Isaac Schwartz,

Chief Conductor of the Russian Symphony Chapel Valery Polyansky.

1997 was marked for 71 people by conferring the honorary title of "People's Artist":

Pop singers Yuri Antonov, Alexander Malinin;

TV announcer Victor Balashov;

Klara Novikova, artist of the Moscow Miniature Theater.

1998 brought recognition and an honorary title to 63 lucky ones, among them:

Theater and film actor Emmanuil Vitorgan, Sergey Makovetsky, Larisa Udovichenko;

Pop singer Larisa Dolina;

Conductor and teacher Fuat Mansurov;

TV presenter Igor Nikolaev;

Chief Conductor of the State symphony orchestra Sergei Skripka.

In 1999, the honorary title was awarded to 95 artists, including:

Composers Eduard Artemyev, Evgeny Rodygin, Alexey Rybnikov;

Mosconcert soloist Roxana Babayan;

Singer and composer Alexander Gradsky, Andrey Makarevich;

Accordionist, professor at the Gnessin Academy Yuri Dranga;

Artist of the Gypsy Song Theater "Romen" Ekaterina Zhemchuzhnaya;

Theater and film actors Vladimir Ilyin, Mikhail Kononov, Aristarkh Livanov, Semyon Farada;

Soloist of the Ensemble Golden ring» Nadezhda Kadysheva;

Artist of the Moscow Theater of Miniatures Roman Katz (Kartsev);

Theater director Iosif Reichelgauz;

Violinist and conductor Sergei Stadler.

year 2000. The title of "People's Artist of the Russian Federation" was awarded to 50 people. Among them:

Film director Vladimir Bortko;

Theater and film actors Tatyana Dogileva, Zinaida Kirillova, Alexander Filippenko;

Television worker Svetlana Morgunova;

Head of the theater on Krasnaya Presnya Yuri Pogrebnichko;

Composer David Tukhmanov;

Artist of the Russian circus Tatyana Filatova.

In 2001, 72 people became holders of the honorary title "People's Artist":

Theater and film actors Lev Borisov, Dmitry Pevtsov;

Pop singer and composer Oleg Gazmanov;

Film directors Svetlana Druzhinina, Valery Lonskoy;

Variety artists, TV presenters Ilya Oleinikov, Yuri Stoyanov;

Director, actor and clown Vyacheslav Polunin;

Bard, singer and composer Alexander Rosenbaum;

Ballet dancer Nikolai Tsiskaridze.

In 2001, 70 people were nominated for the honorary title. The most famous among them:

Composer Gennady Gladkov;

Pop singers Alla Ioshpe, Nikolai Rastorguev;

Film actors Mikhail Kokshenov, Boris Klyuev, Elena Yakovleva;

Film directors Alexei Uchitel, Karen Shakhnazarov;

Actor and TV presenter Leonid Yakubovich.

In 2003, the title was awarded to 73 talented and famous people. Of these, there are many well-known names:

Conductor Murad Mammadov;

Theater and film actors Alexander Belyaev, Igor Vasiliev, Oleg Menshikov;

Circus artist, illusionist Igor Kio;

Composer Alexei Kozlov;

Film director Bulat Mansurov;

2004 was a significant year for 75 honorary title nominees, including:

Theater and film actor Oleg Anofriev;

Singer and composer Tamara Gverdtsiteli;

Theater artists Larisa Kadochnikova, Yevgeny Mironov;

Artistic director of the Moscow theater "At the Moscow Gates" Mark Rozovsky;

Singer Alexander Serov.

2006 brought awards and honorary titles to 72 creative people:

Host Svyatoslav Belza;

Composers Yakov Dubravin and Maxim Dunayevsky;

Theater artist Marina Zudina.

A little more, 77 people, in 2007 received the honorary title of "People's", including:

Theater and film actors Irina Alferova, Evgeny Leonov, Irina Rozanova, Dmitry Kharatyan;

Theater teacher, theater and film actress Rimma Belyakova;

Ballet dancer Diana Vishneva;

Circus artists Vitaly Vorobyov, Yuri Durov.

2008 was no less eventful. 71 nominees for the title "People's Artist". Here are the famous names:

Theater and film actors Sergei Bezrukov, Viktor Sukhorukov, Semyon Strugachev, Elena Yakovleva;

Film director Nikolai Dostal;

Variety artist Philip Kirkorov.

Calm brought 2009 - only 28 people, including such celebrities:

Opera and crooner Nikolay Baskov;

Theater and film actors Alexei Buldakov, Alexander Pankratov-Cherny, Valentina Telichkina;

Theater director Roman Viktyuk;

Choreographer, ballet dancer Andris Liepa;

Musician, bard, actor Oleg Mityaev.

Even fewer, 20 nominees, could celebrate the award of the title of "People's Artist" in 2010. However, there are quite a few famous names on the list:

Pop singers Irina Allegrova, Alexander Buinov, Dmitry Malikov,

Theater and film actors Vladimir Mashkov, Alexei Serebryakov;

Film director Vladimir Khotinenko;

Variety artist, pianist Levon Oganezov.

In 2011, 25 people were awarded the honorary title. These include:

Musician and pop singer Vladimir Kuzmin;

Theater and film actors Viktor Verzhbitsky, Vera Glagoleva, Fedor Dobronravov;

Pianist Denis Matsuev.

28 people in 2012 received the title of "People's Artist of the Russian Federation":

Theater and film actors Konstantin Khabensky, Chulpan Khamatova;

Pianist Daniel Kramer;

Writer-satirist, head of the Moscow Theater of Miniatures Mikhail Zhvanetsky;

Trainers, circus artists - brothers Askold and Edgard Zapashny.

In 2013, there were 18 recipients of the honorary title, among them:

Film actors Natalya Gvozdikova, Igor Sklyar;

Pop singer Perfilova Valeriya (Valeriya);

Director, film actress Elena Tsyplakova;

And finally, in 2014, only 9 figures of art and culture were awarded the title of "People's Artist", among which are such names as:

Artists Igor Volkov and Valery Kirillov.

Not all actors, singers and musicians receive the title of Honored Artist. To become one, you need to go through a long thorny path, where you will come across troubles, obstacles, there will be people who are not averse to putting talented person spokes in the wheels, even if he is their friend and colleague. But there is no need to give up, you need to work long and hard. And then the reward and recognition will find you.

Who is entitled to the title?

The honorary status is assigned to persons working in the field of cinema, variety art, theater, ballet, workers in the music and circus fields, as well as radio and television workers, and so on. A person applying for the title of "Honored Artist" must work 20 years or more and achieve public recognition.

How is it possible to receive a state award?

In 2010, a special decree issued by the President of the Russian Federation was issued stating that this high title is awarded to an employee only when he has worked in the field of art for more than 20 years. But that's not all. The candidate for the title must have any awards or promotions (diplomas, diplomas, grants) issued by federal authorities or authorities state power subjects of the Russian Federation. This means that the future honored artist of the theater, cinema, etc. will receive the title due to him only upon reaching the age of 38, provided that the person has started working in various creative teams from 18 years old.

Of course, just 20 years of work in the cinema or theater to get the status of an honored artist is not enough. It is necessary to make a great contribution to art or its development, for example, to make a film that will become popular, to play successfully in many performances, to achieve fame and recognition of one's name. If the future honored artist meets all of the above requirements, you can safely apply for the title. But before you write an appeal, you need to draw up a petition for an award. This is usually done by the director or head of the institution where the talented employee works, or his team. In other words, in place permanent job person. If, for some reason, the future honored artist does not work anywhere, then the petition is drawn up where he spent vigorous activity in the field of arts.

What is the difference between an honored artist and a folk artist? What title is preferred?

It is more difficult to become a people's artist than a well-deserved one. This does not mean that getting the status of the second is easier than a lung. You have to work hard. To receive the title of "Honored Artist of Russia", you need to work for the benefit of art for at least 20 years. For those who have chosen ballet as their specialty, this period is reduced to 10 years. But to become a people's artist, you need to work another 10 years after receiving the title of honored. For those who practice ballet dancing, the time is again reduced to 5 years.

Summing up, we can say that to the question of which title is better - honored or people's artist, one can confidently answer that it is better to be second. However, they cannot become until the status of the first is obtained.

Special privileges in the USSR

Of course, this is not the only difference in titles. A people's artist is now entitled to more privileges and awards than a well-deserved one. If the second in the days of the USSR, when traveling on tour, was given a place in a compartment and a shabby hotel room, then the first was given more honors. The car stood out no lower than the sleeping one, and the place where the actor was located was chic. In addition, folk artists received and receive a good salary increase, vouchers to a sanatorium, and earlier, when leaving for a performance and leaving it, an art worker was given a car that drove and brought him back and forth. Now this privilege, unfortunately, has been canceled.

Honored Artists of Russia

Singer Leonid Agutin got into the honorary lists of recognized artists. He is the son of a musician and teacher, followed in the footsteps of his father and at the age of six he studied at music school. Then he graduated from the Moscow jazz school, served in the army, and then seriously took up the career of a singer and musician. His award found an addressee in 2008.

The singer Tatyana Bulanova also has this status. Although her relatives are not at all connected with music, like Leonid Agutin's (Tatyana's father graduated from the Naval Academy, and her mother was a photographer), the girl showed a love for music from childhood. And although the singer still decided to show off her talent on stage. The beginning of her career, or debut, took place in 1990, and after 14 years she received the title of "Honored Artist".

Mark of distinction

The awarded person will receive not only a certificate, but also a special Chest sign. It is made of silver and has a very beautiful and unusual shape. The award looks like an oval wreath, which is obtained with the help of two crossed tree branches - oak and laurel. At the bottom of the award there is a beautiful bow, and at the top - National emblem. In the center, right on the wreath, there is an inscription that reads: "Honored Artist". There is a pin on the back of the badge so that it can be attached to a jacket. Traditionally, this is done on the right side of the chest.

Summing up

This award, which was carefully considered in the article, is difficult to obtain, but possible. It should only be remembered that not a single achievement will be obtained if one does not make titanic efforts and does not devote oneself to achieving the cherished goal. It's not for nothing that they say that dreams do come true. All it takes is a strong desire. And then the title will not be just a title.

If the regalia were handed out by the people, then the list, which included 1006 names over 55 years, would be many times larger

At the end of August, another Decree of the President of the Russian Federation was issued on conferring the title of Honored Artist of Russia. In the creative and near-creative environment, and, of course, in social networks, a heated discussion broke out: who is worthy, who is not very good, who was not given and why. And in the end, everyone unanimously agreed that “now” the title is not at all the same as “then”.

What did the highest title of people's artist of the country mean for art workers in Soviet times and on what principles it was awarded - about this in the material website.

Stalin's ruled elite

The title "People's Artist of the USSR" replaced the title "People's Artist of the Republic", which had existed since 1919. Joseph Stalin he loved art, as well as the principle of "divide and conquer" and rightly believed that the creation of a select creative elite would help him manage the intelligentsia, from whom you never know what to expect.

It is not known how much the award of the title pleased its first 13 laureates. So, Konstantin Stanislavsky, one of the leaders of the Moscow Art Theater, in 1936, already seriously ill, put all his strength into ensuring that Artistic theater did not become completely courtier. A, a former tsarist officer, later a student Evgeniya Vakhtangov, probably played other roles no worse than the roles Lenin, for which he was awarded a high rank.

How to walk up stairs without railings

It was very difficult to get the highest title in the creative environment until 1991. Soviet Union had a very ramified administrative division, and first it was necessary to become an honored artist of a union or autonomous republic.

Someone had to take the trouble, give impetus to the collection of documents, then it was necessary to go through numerous instances. Moreover, it was impossible to guess where you would stumble on this ladder. Nationality could interfere or help, party membership also did not matter, for example, People's Artists of the USSR Maya Plisetskaya, Yuri Yakovlev and many others were not members of the CPSU.

Barbara Brylska and Yuri Yakovlev in the film The Irony of Fate, or Enjoy Your Bath!, 1975

Popularity and demand were not decisive conditions either, it is enough to name Vladimir Vysotsky who died at 42 without any titles. A brilliant actor who did not sing any "opposition" songs Oleg Dal died at the age of 39. The whole country mourned him and was surprised that Dal, it turns out, was not even “deserved”.

Oleg Dal in the film Vacation in September, 1979

After the well-deserved one, it was necessary to get a "people's" one of the republics, and only then was the title of People's Artist of the USSR awarded. But, as with every rule, there were exceptions.

When age doesn't matter

It was tacitly believed that the title of People's Artist of the Republic can be applied for by the 40th anniversary, and even higher - only by the seventh decade.

But even in the very first list of people's artists of the USSR, there was a 24-year-old Kazakh Opera singerKulyash Baiseitova. A year later, this title was received by her peer from the Uzbek SSR Halima Nasyrova.

In 1973, the honorary title was awarded to a 31-year-old singer from Azerbaijan, who for many years became the "golden voice" of the USSR.

Muslim Magomayev was a truly people's artist. Photo: KP

When Joseph Stalin saw the movie " Taras Shevchenko”, then demanded to immediately assign the title of People’s Artist of the country to the 32-year-old Sergei Bondarchuk, bypassing the entire system.

Was completely funny case, which eventually turned into a joke. They say that when Brezhnev hinted that it was time to give the title of Honored Artist to the sonorous representative of the peoples of the Far North Cola Beldy thinking about something Leonid Ilyich declared: “The well-deserved still needs to be earned, let it be like the people for now!”

Representatives court culture immediately fulfilled the order of the Secretary General, and Cola Beldy became a people's artist, bypassing the stage of the honored one.

Years of recognition

Most often, artists have been going to the title of folk for decades, sometimes literally dying along the way. So the popularly beloved died just a few days before receiving this title, and the actress who loved to joke Rina Green died on April 1, 1991, right on the day the relevant decree was signed.

Mark Bernes did not live up to the rank of only a few days. Photo: TASS

Despite the fact that there was an unspoken instruction not to award the title of People's Artists of the USSR to very elderly artists, 18 representatives of the arts received it at the age of 80 or more.

Stanislav Lyudkevich in the 50s.