To the Day of Television: how famous Soviet announcers live. Central Television of the State Television and Radio Broadcasting of the USSR TV announcers men

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Central Television of the State Television and Radio Broadcasting of the USSR (TsT USSR)- a Soviet state organization within the USSR State Committee for Television and Radio Broadcasting, responsible for all-Union and partly regional television broadcasting. It existed along with republican and local (regional, city) television from 1951 to 1991. connection with the collapse of the USSR ceased to exist. On the basis of Central Television, the Russian State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company Ostankino was formed.

1. History
2 Broadcast time
3 Subordination
4 CEOs
5 Structure
6 Clock, screensavers and decoration
7 Broadcast programs
- 7.1 Perestroika
- 7.2 Information programs
  - 7.2.1 Operational information
  - 7.2.2 Infotainment and Infotainment Programs
  - 7.2.3 Live broadcasts
8 VU announcers
9 Sportscasters
10 Deceased employees of the Central Television of the USSR
11 Sign language announcers
12 Forecasters of the Vremya program
13 See also
14 Notes
15 Links
16 Literature

Story

On May 1, 1931, the first in the USSR experimental television transmission of mechanical television, without sound, took place. On October 1, 1931, the first medium-wave television broadcasts with sound began in Moscow. Later, television broadcasts also began to appear from Leningrad and Odessa. Moscow broadcast 12 times a month for 60 minutes. In October 1932, a film was shown about the opening of the Dnieper hydraulic power plant.

In December 1933, broadcasting in Moscow ceased due to the fact that the creation of electronic television was recognized as more promising. However, since the industry has not yet mastered the new television equipment, on February 11, 1934, transmissions resumed. On February 11, 1934, the television department of the All-Union Radio Committee was created. Mechanical television finally stopped broadcasting on April 1, 1941.

Since 1936, television centers operating on electronic technology have existed in Moscow and Leningrad. Moreover, Leningradsky, with a decomposition standard of 240 lines, used domestic equipment, in contrast to Moscow with a standard of 343 lines, based on RCA equipment.

In 1938, experimental television transmissions of electronic television took place, and in March 1939 it began regular broadcasting. On July 7, 1938, Leningradskoye TV was founded in Leningrad. during the Great Patriotic War, television did not work. The broadcasts were resumed on May 7, 1945, and on December 15, Muscovites were the first in Europe to switch to regular broadcasting. The main TV programs of those years were devoted to the life of the Soviet Union, cultural events, science, and sports. In December 1948, the Moscow Television Center suspended transmissions for the duration of the reconstruction. On June 16, 1949, broadcasting began according to the 625-line standard from Shabolovka.

On March 22, 1951, the Central Television Studio was established as part of the All-Union Radio, which included thematic departments - “editorial offices”: a socio-political editorial office, a literary and dramatic broadcasting editorial office, an editorial office for programs for children and a musical editorial office. Since January 1, 1955, it has been working daily. On February 14, 1956, the Second (Moscow) program of the Central Television went on the air. In 1956, the editorial office of Latest News was created. In 1957, the Central Television Studio was withdrawn from the All-Union Radio and reorganized into the state institution "Central Television", the editorial offices of the Central Television Studio were reorganized into the main editorial offices of the Central Television, the Main Directorate of Radio Information was removed from the Ministry of Culture, resubordinated directly to the Council of Ministers and reorganized into the State broadcasting and television committee. In the second half of the 1950s - the first half of the 1960s, most television studios were created locally (in the centers of regions, territories and autonomies) and television companies of the Union republics (such as Ukrainian Television, Belarusian Television, etc.). ), which, almost until the very end of the Soviet period, were single-program and broadcast in every union republic (except the RSFSR), usually on the second, and since 1982 - on the third button.

Experiments with transmissions in color began on January 14, 1960. Since March 29, 1965, the Third (educational) program has been broadcasting, and since November 4, 1967 - the Fourth Program. On October 1, 1967, the First Program began to broadcast regularly in color. The signal was transmitted to the European part of the USSR via terrestrial radio relay lines.

On May 1, 1965, an experiment was conducted to retransmit DH programs via the Molniya-1 communications satellite to the Far East. The Orbita system began regular operation on November 2, 1967, when the television center in Ostankino was opened. The broadcasts were intended for the Far North, Siberia, the Far East and Central Asia. Since 1971, a double of the First Program has been transmitted to the Urals, Central Asia and part of Kazakhstan - the Vostok program, taking into account standard time (+2 hours from Moscow). Since January 1, 1976, Ostankino has been broadcasting on eight channels: in addition to the four main programs, four more takes of the First Program on the Orbita satellite system are transmitted specifically for the eastern territories of the USSR with a time shift of +8, +6, +4 and +2 hours (“ Orbita-1, -2, -3, -4 "respectively. Thus, the first issue of the evening program "Time" on the Orbita-1 system went on the air at 12:30 Moscow time. The Screen satellite system, which launched on October 26 1976, allows you to receive DH transmissions on receivers for collective use in the settlements of Siberia and the Far North.All DH programs are broadcast in color since January 1, 1977. In 1981, during the school holidays, the animated series "80 Days Around the World" was shown.

On January 1, 1982, the Central Television rescheduled its programs: the evening Fourth became the Second Program, the Moscow Program became the Third, and the educational program became the Fourth, the all-Union status of which was provided by four doubles for the eastern territories (“Double-1, -2, -3, -4 "). She began work at 8:00 and after a day break she resumed broadcasting at 18:00 with the release of Novosti. In 1986, the program "Panorama of the Moscow Region" and the program "Good evening, Moscow" appeared on the air of the Moscow program. On Saturdays, the program "Moscow Saturday" was on the air. In January 1988, an experiment began on the creation of the Moscow TV channel Good Evening, Moscow. From July 1, 1989, the Moscow channel came out three times a day: on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. Since the autumn of the same year, it began to appear daily. it included the programs "Dialogue", "Hot Line", "Blue Trolleybus" and other programs from Moscow. On Sundays, the video channel aired the program “Sunday Evening with Vladimir Pozner”. Since March 1988, the Good Evening, Moscow video channel has been conducting a teleconference with the program Chapygina 6 Television Service. This teleconference was broadcast simultaneously on the Moscow and Leningrad programs. In April 1988, the information heading "Moscow Teletype" appeared in the program. From November 1, 1989, the Moscow program from 7:00 to 18:00 and from 23:00 to 02:00 was broadcast by the 2x2 TV channel. The fourth curriculum broadcast on weekdays from 16:30 to 21:00, on weekends - all day.

Until the mid-1980s, advertising was not shown on the Central Television as inserts in programs: it was in the form of separate programs called “More Good Goods” (under the First or Second Program) or simply “Advertising” (under the Moscow Program). According to the Moscow program, an information and advertising program "Television Information Bureau" was broadcast. Advertising as inserts in the middle of the programs appeared during the Thames Television week (KitKat chocolate, which was not sold in the USSR at that time) and during the Posner-Donahue teleconferences, when the American side was forced to take breaks for it. In 1988, an advertisement for Pepsi was shown performed by American singer Michael Jackson. Also, ads in the form of inserts were shown during broadcasts of the Olympic Games in Seoul.

Since 1990, the VID presents evening channel, which was a block of programs of the VID television company, aired on Friday evenings on the First Program of the Central Television. The host of the channel was Igor Kirillov. it included the following programs: Program 500, "Vzglyad", Field of Miracles, "Politburo", "MuzOBOZ", "Show Exchange". Since January 1, 1990, in connection with the advent of the Television News Service, the information studio has changed. Behind its glass wall, a technical control room was visible. 1-3 presenters worked in the studio, depending on which program is on - TSN or Vremya, and TSN went on the air at 15:00 and 23:00, and Vremya - at 12:30, 18:30 and 21:00. In the same year, the first private television companies appeared - VID, REN-TV, 2X2, ATV, while the penultimate one became the producer of most of the programs for the third, and the last - for the fourth program.

On March 7, 1991, by a decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, the All-Union State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company was created, which unites Central Television and All-Union Radio, local studios were reorganized into local state television and radio companies that were part of the All-Union State Television and Radio Company. On May 13, 1991, the last of the union republics, the RSFSR, received its own television channel, Russian Television, which received the evening part of the broadcast of the second program; thus, Russian Television became the only republican television channel broadcasting to all the Union republics. The first issue of the new information program "Vesti" has been released. Since August 1991, the Fourth Program of Central Television, which previously aired only in the evening, broadcasts on weekdays all day. On September 16, 1991, the Second Program of Central Television ceased broadcasting, and Russian television began to broadcast in full, replays of the programs of the First Program are transferred from the Second Program to the Fourth.

On December 27, 1991, the All-Union State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company was liquidated. At the same time, the Vremya program also leaves the air for a short time. The Central Television of the USSR became known as Ostankino Television, and the First Program, Second Program, Moscow Program, Fourth Program, Leningrad Program, Technical Channel are replaced on the air with Channel One Ostankino, RTR, MTK and 2x2, Russian Universities and Channel Four Ostankino, St. Petersburg - Channel 5 and TV-6 Moscow, respectively.

Broadcast time

Broadcasting of TV programs on weekdays began at 6:30 with a morning information and music program (in the 1970s - at 9:00-9:10 from the release of Novosti, from 1978 and until January 4, 1987 - at 8:00 in the morning from the release of Novosti with a repeat of yesterday's release of the Vremya program) and lasted until about 12 o'clock, then there was a break until 14:00 (from 1978 - until 14:30, from 1979 - until 14:50, from 1986 of the year - until 16:00), during which the exact time signal was broadcast in the form of an analog clock (a tuning table was broadcast according to the "Second Program"). The evening broadcast continued until 23:00, sometimes until 00:00. At the end of the broadcast, a flashing reminder was broadcast for several minutes - the final signal, marking the end of the broadcast with the inscription "Do not forget to turn off the TV", accompanied by a loud intermittent sound signal.

The first program worked from 6:30 to 23:00, the second program from 8:00 to 23:00 with a break for local broadcasting, in large settlements there was a third Moscow program, a fourth educational program.

Subordination

from 1953 to May 16, 1957 - the Ministry of Culture of the USSR;
May 16, 1957 - April 18, 1962 - Committee on Radio Broadcasting and Television under the Council of Ministers of the USSR;
April 18, 1962 - October 9, 1962 - State Committee of the USSR Council of Ministers for Radio Broadcasting and Television;
October 9, 1965 - July 12, 1970 - Committee on Radio Broadcasting and Television under the Council of Ministers of the USSR;
July 12, 1970 - July 5, 1978 - Union-Republican State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for Television and Radio Broadcasting;
July 5, 1978 - March 7, 1991 - USSR State Committee for Television and Radio Broadcasting;
March 7 - December 27, 1991 - All-Union State Television and Radio Company.

CEOs

1951-1957 - Vladimir Osminin
1957-1960 - Georgy Ivanov
1960s - 1980s - Pyotr Shabanov

Structure

Central television consisted of thematic production departments - "main editions":

Main editorial information
Main editorial office of film programs
Main edition of literary and dramatic programs
Main edition of international programs
Main edition of music programs
The main edition of folk art
Main edition of programs for children and youth
Main edition for children and youth
Main edition of propaganda
Main edition of journalism
Main edition of sports programs
Main edition of educational and popular science programs
Main edition of programs for Moscow and the Moscow region
Main edition of literary and art programs
Main editorial office of socio-political programs

Clocks, screensavers and decoration

The main screensaver of the first and second programs was a rotating globe against the background of a communications satellite transmitting the program, depicted on a yellow background. Since 1982, when Central Television rescheduled broadcasting, the screensaver was a star-antenna on a blue background with moving rings symbolizing radio waves, and the caption at the bottom "Program I" or "Program II", which then changed to "TV USSR". Around February 1988, the splash screen was changed: the circles became fixed, the inscription "TV USSR" disappeared, and the background became light blue with a white gradient.

At the beginning of the broadcast, the call signs “The morning meets us with coolness” from “The Song of the Counter” sounded, at the end - a fragment of Isaak Dunayevsky’s melody “Quiet, everything is quiet” performed by the pop-symphony orchestra of the All-Union Radio and Television conducted by Peter Saul.

On holidays, at the beginning of the broadcast, against the background of a star with a red banner, as well as newsreels of the Soviet country, the National Anthem of the USSR sounded. The clock on the screen saver, displaying the exact time, was on a dark blue background with yellow (or white) numbers and no sound. When the screensaver with the song "Motherland" began to be used in the Vremya program, the background of the clock was dark green. After the appearance of the Kremlin tower, the dark blue background was returned to the clock. In 1991, advertising was displayed under the clock (Crosna, Olivetti, MMM). This idea is still used by modern TV channels (for example: RBC). Subsequently, these watches were used on other TV channels, in particular Channel One, 2x2 and the Moscow Television Channel, TV-6 in 1993-1999 and Channel Three in 1997-2002 when switching from TVC and back.

Broadcast programs

see List of TV shows of the USSR

Come on, girls!
Come on guys!
ABVGDayka (weekly, on Saturdays)
Address songs - youth
Address - Theater
Actors and skit (1989)
Hello, we are looking for talent!
Artloto
Auction
Benefit
More Good Items
Alarm clock (weekly, on Sundays)
Visiting a fairy tale (weekly)
In every drawing - the sun (weekly)
In the animal world (weekly)
Live - youth
Your opinion
funny notes
Funny boys
fun starts
An evening of fun questions
Turn
Around the laughter
Vremya (daily, also on the air of the Moscow program until 1986, the Moscow edition of Vremya Moskva was aired)
Meeting at the Ostankino Concert Studio
Pinocchio exhibition (weekly)
Voices of folk instruments
Blue light, before that "To the blue light", "To the light", "TV cafe"
For you women
Dialog
Under 16 and over
documentary screen
Ninth Studio
Do with us, do as we do, do better than us! (GDR, weekly)
Yeralash (6-7 times a year)
Forgotten Tapes
Health (weekly)
Knowledge
Foreign language (Mon - Italian, Tue - French, Wed - German, Thu - Spanish, Fri - English)
Art
Zucchini "13 chairs"
How to read a song
Camera looking at the world
Carousel
Cinema panorama
Kinopravda
Film Travel Club (weekly)
Komsomol searchlight
Lenin University of Millions
Chronicle of half a century
People of the Land of the Soviets
Mom's school
International Panorama (weekly)
International festival of television programs of folk art "Rainbow"
Melodies and rhythms of foreign pop music
moment of silence
Youth
Moscow and Muscovites
Music Kiosk (weekly)
Music elevator
Music Tournament of Cities
Yu. A. Zhukov, a political observer for the Pravda newspaper, answers questions from viewers
Get on the charger!
On Nezhdanova street
Our garden
Our biography
Heartily
Respond, buglers!
Obvious - Incredible (weekly)
Dad, mom, I am a sports family
Song of the year
Song far and near
Winners
Feat
Latest news, later Television news, later Central Television News
Poetry
Tales of heroism
Guys about animals
Spring
Russian speech
Gems
Today in the world (on weekdays)
Village hour (weekly)
Tale by tale
Experts are investigating
I serve the Soviet Union (weekly, on Sundays)
The Soviet Union through the eyes of foreign guests
Commonwealth
solstice
With a song through life (All-Union competition of young performers)
GOOG night kids! (on weekdays)
Sportloto (weekly)
Creativity of the peoples of the world (weekly)
Theater Lounge (later Theater Meetings)
TV studio "Eaglet"
The TV theater receives guests (later Our address is the Soviet Union)
At the theater poster
Skillful hands
morning exercises
Morning mail (weekly, on Sundays)
Football review
Human. Earth. Universe
Man and Law (weekly)
What? Where? When? (2 times a year: summer and winter)
Chess school
Wider circle
Screen gathers friends
news relay
This you can
This fantasy world
Young Pioneer

Perestroika

12th floor
120 minutes
50/50
Autograph
Full house
Exchange Pilot
Beau monde
brain ring
publicity booth
On Saturday night
The Magnificent Seven (children's quiz)
Sight
Sunday Promenade Concert
Miss Fortune
children's hour
Before and after midnight
If you want to be healthy!
Zebra
Play, sweetheart!
Marathon-15
Matador
Peace and youth
world of hobbies
Mounting
MuzOBOZ ("Musical Review")
Music ring
Both on!
Program "A"
searchlight perestroika
Under the sign "Pi"
Field of Dreams
Press Club
Program 500
fifth wheel
Rhythmic gymnastics
Early in the morning
Seven days
Cinematographer
Sketch
Lucky case
TSN, Television news service
Telecourier
El Dorado
Show Exchange

Information programs

Information programs for the Central Television of the USSR were produced by the Main Editorial Board of Information.

Operative information

Latest news 1956-1960
TV news 1960-1969
News 1969-1989 (daily review of information for the past 6 hours, twice a day)
Time 1968-1991 (daily news program)
Time Moscow 1968-1986 (daily news magazine for Moscow)
Today in the world 1978-1989
Television News Service 1990-1991
TV Inform 1991
News from May 13, 1991, when Russian television began broadcasting on the frequency of the Second Program
Moscow teletype 1988-1991 (information section of the program "Good evening, Moscow")
Television Information Bureau (information and advertising program, broadcast on the Moscow program)

Information-analytical and infotainment programs

News relay 1963-1969 (weekly news magazine)
International Panorama 1969-1991 (weekly news program)
Ninth studio (information and analytical program)
The Soviet Union through the eyes of foreign guests (information and journalistic program)
Seven days 1988-1990 (weekly summary information program)
120 minutes from 1986, before that it was called "90 minutes", "60 minutes" is currently - the morning channel "Good Morning" (morning infotainment program)
Perestroika searchlight 1987-1989 (information and analytical)
Good evening, Moscow 1986-1991 (evening infotainment program, since 1988 - Moscow infotainment video channel)
Television service "Chapygina, 6" 1988-1991 (evening infotainment program from Leningrad, conducted a teleconference with the program "Good evening, Moscow")

Live broadcasts

In memory of the leaders of the Communist Party (broadcasts of funeral ceremonies from Red Square: on the days of mourning 11:00-12:00).
Sports holidays in Luzhniki (once a year).
Moscow. Red Square (holiday edition of the Vremya program, annually on May 1 and November 7 at 9:45, was also broadcast on Intervision channels).
Solemn meetings and festive concerts in honor of International Women's Day, the birthday of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin and the anniversary of the Great October Revolution (broadcasts from the State Academic Bolshoi Theater and the Kremlin Palace of Congresses).

DH announcers

Evgeny Arbenin (led "News", "Time")
Ekaterina Andreeva (now hosts Vremya alternately with Vitaly Eliseev)
Natalia Andreeva since 1982
Nikolai Arsentiev since 1972
Alisher Badalov since 1990
Victor Balashov (hosted "Blue Lights" "News", "Winners")
Valentina Barteneva since 1992
Vladimir Berezin since 1990 (led concerts, program guide)
Irina Beskopskaya since 1992
Maria Bulychova from the 1960s (aka Mitroshina?)
Alexandra Burataeva since 1992 (hosted TV Inform). Now he reads news on the First Baltic Channel in Riga.
Marina Burtseva since 1977 (hosted Vremya, News, program guide)
Boris Vassin since 1972 (hosted the program guide)
Tatyana Vedeneeva 1977-1993 (hosted Good Night, Kids, Alarm Clock)
Larisa Verbitskaya since 1986 (hosted 120 Minutes, the TV game Lucky Event paired with Mikhail Marfin)
Lev Viktorov (hosted Novosti, program guide: worked on Channel One Ostankino, October 3, 1993 announced the termination of the broadcast in connection with the armed siege of the Ostankino television center)
Galina Vlasenok since 1990
Angelina Vovk since 1967 (hosted "Good night, kids", "Song of the Year" paired with Evgeny Menshov)
Dina Grigoryeva since 1975 (graduate of the Moscow State Institute of Culture)
Natalya Grigoryeva since 1988 (hosted the program guide)
Ekaterina Gritsenko since 1984
Alla Danko since 1974 (graduate of the First Moscow Medical Institute hosted “Moscow Time, Program Guide, Central Television News, “What do your names mean”)
Galina Dorovskaya (hosted the program guide, "Television Information Bureau")
Gennady Dubko (hosted the program guide, broadcasts from Moscow)
Larisa Dykina (previously worked at Chelyabinsk TV, after switching to Central TV she hosted News, Vremya Moskva, Moscow Teletype, program guide)
Inna Ermilova since 1977 (graduate of Moscow State Pedagogical Institute) (taught biology courses, "Song-85" paired with Yuri Nikolaev, program guide, "Time" more often paired with Sergei Lomakin)
Svetlana Zhiltsova since 1958 (hosted KVN, Good Night, Kids, Song of the Year paired with Alexander Maslyakov, English lessons)
Shamil Zakirov
Galina Zimenkova since 1969 (graduated from Kazan University in 1963 and Leningrad Institute of Culture, hosted Central Television News, Vremya, program guide)
Elena Zubareva
Olga Zyuzina since 1977 (GITIS graduate) (hosted the Television Information Bureau, program guide)
Tatyana Ivanova since 1977?
Oleg Izmailov since 1967
Irina Illarionova since 1977? (hosted the "Television Information Bureau", program guide)
Elena Kovalenko since 1977 (graduate of Moscow State Pedagogical Institute, hosted Central Television News, Vremya, Moscow Teletype)
Yuri Kovelenov since 1965 (hosted Vremya)
Natalya Kozelkova since 1984 (graduated from Shchepkin VTU in 1984)
Octavian Kornich (graduated from VTU named after B. Shchukin in 1967) (hosted News of the Central Television)
Vera Kotsyuba since 1988
Evgeny Kochergin since 1977 (worked on TV Mirny 1972-?, graduated from the Moscow Financial and Economic Institute in 1972) (hosted Central Television News, Vremya, Vremya Moskva, the information and analytical program Business Russia "")
Igor Kirillov since 1957 (hosted "Song of the Year" paired with Anna Shilova, "Time", the evening channel "VIEW presents": during broadcasts from Red Square, he was in the guest stands with Anna Shatilova)
Tatyana Krasuskaya (graduate of VTU named after B. Schukin 1975) (1954-1982) since 1977?
Olga Kuleshova (graduated from the Institute of Culture, hosted the News, Vremya Moskva, program guide)
Valentina Lanovaya since 1967
Andrey Leonov (announcer) since 1984 (graduated from Moscow State Technical University in 1979) (hosted programs from Moscow, in the Good Evening, Moscow program he was a permanent host of the Moscow Teletype column)
Aza Likhitchenko since 1960 (hosted "TsT News", "Vremya")
Irina Martynova since 1984 (hosted Good Night, Kids, Television Information Bureau, program guide)
Valery Mironov since 1972 (hosted "Moscow", presented the program of the International Festivals "Rainbow")
Maria Mitroshina since 1960? (in the 1950s - a fashion model) (hosted the Television Information Bureau, program guide, beauty contests paired with Alexander Maslyakov)
Vlada Mozhaeva since 1992
Svetlana Morgunova since 1961 (conducted concerts, program guide)
Alla Muzyka (graduated from VTU named after B. Shchukin in 1966, hosted the program guide)
Margarita Myrikova-Kudryashova since 1992
Alla Nassonova
Aida Nevskaya since 1992
Elena Nefedova since 1990 (hosted the Business Russia program)
Yuri Nikolaev since 1975 (graduated from GITIS in 1970: hosted the programs “Good night, kids”, “Morning mail”, “Morning star”, program guide)
Irina Pauzina since 1977 (hosted the program guide)
Yuri Petrov since 1982 (led "TsT News", "Time", "Time Moscow")
Valentina Pechorina since 1967 (graduated from GITIS in 1965 and from the Faculty of Journalism of Moscow State University) (hosted the Television Information Bureau, program guide, concerts in tandem with Igor Kirillov
Dmitry Poletaev since 1982 (graduated from Shchepkin VTU in 1982, hosted the programs “Good night, kids”, “Sing, friends”, “Salute Festival”)
Sergei Polyansky since 1980
Valeria Rizhskaya since 1984 (hosted the Television Information Bureau, program guide, Moscow Time, Good Night Kids, news in the Good Evening, Moscow! program and the Moscow Teletype column)
Tatyana Romashina since 1982 (graduated from the Moscow Art Theater School in 1981, hosted the program guide)
Maya Sidorova since 1982 (graduated from Shchepkin VTU in 1982 (?))
Anatoly Silin since the 1960s
Svetlana Scriabina (Ershova) since 1962
Pyotr Slichenko in the 1970s?
Evgeny Smirnov (b. 1936) since 1970? to 1974 (in 1962-1965 he worked on the Gorky Radio, in 1967-1970? - on the All-Union Radio)
Lyudmila Sokolova since 1957 (GITIS graduate)
Alla Stakhanova since 1967
Tatyana Sudets (Grushina) since 1972 (graduated from Moscow Power Engineering Institute: she hosted “Good night, kids”, “Sing, friends”, “Song of the Year” in 1983 paired with Yuri Kovelenov, in 1987 - paired with Vladimir Shcherbachenko)
Evgeny Suslov since 1962 (conducted concerts, "News of the Central Television", "Time", broadcasts from Red Square)
Irina Titova since 1992
Viktor Tkachenko since 1970? to 1981
Svetlana Tokareva (graduate of the Moscow Conservatory)
Yuri Fedotov since 1982 (hosted Vremya Moskva, Novosti TsT)
Natalya Fufacheva since 1972 (she worked at the Kirov Radio, after the transition she led the program guide)
Andrei Khlebnikov 1956-1957? (graduated from VTU named after B. Schukin, 1955)
Natalia Chelobova since 1972
Gennady Chertov since 1967 (graduated from GITIS) (hosted Vremya Moskva, Novosti TsT, Vremya)
Leonid Chuchin since 1977 (graduated from GITIS)
Anna Shatilova since 1962 (hosted "TsT News", "Vremya", the international festival of television programs about folk art "Rainbow", during broadcasts from Red Square, together with Igor Kirillov, she was in the guest stands)
Vera Shebeko since 1971 (hosted Central Television News, Vremya, broadcasts from Red Square)

Sports commentators

Anna Dmitrieva
Nina Eremina
Evgeny Zimin
Vladimir Pereturin
Larisa Petrik
Vladimir Pisarevsky
Nikolai Popov
Gennady Orlov
Vladimir Fomichev
Sergey Cheskidov

Deceased employees of the Central Television of the USSR

Nonna Bodrova (hosted "Time") (1928-2009)
Alexey Dmitriev (Shilov) since 1972 (died in 2002)
Alexey Druzhinin (led the program guide, then worked for TV-6, Radio Retro, TVS and STS; killed by unknown on March 26, 2007)
Valentina Leontyeva (hosted "Good night, kids", "Visiting a fairy tale", "From the bottom of my heart")
Vladimir Ukhin (hosted Good Night, Kids, program guide) (1930-2012)
Anna Shilova (hosted "Song of the Year" paired with Igor Kirillov) (1927-2001)
Nina Kondratova (1922-1989)
Olga Chepurova (1925-1959)
Yuri Fokin (1924-2009)
Nikolai Ozerov (1922-1997)
Evgeny Mayorov (1938-1997)
Georgy Surkov (1938-1996)
Vladislav Gusev (1936-2005)
Anatoly Malyavin (1940-1997)
Kote Makharadze (1926-2002)
Alexey Burkov (1954-2004)
Vladimir Rashmadzhan (1932-1998)
Vladimir Maslachenko (1936-2010)
Georgy Sarkisyants (1934-2011)
Tatiana Kotelskaya (1946-2011)
Maya Gurina

Sign language announcers

Sign language translation of the Vremya program was carried out from January 11, 1987 on the Second Program of the Central Television, and then on the Moscow Program. In 1990, sign language translation was discontinued and resumed sporadically (it was replaced by a running line). And again, sign language translation to television appeared in 1991 on Channel One Ostankino and existed on Channel One (ORT) until 2001. Then it was replaced by a running line.

Nadezhda Kvyatkovskaya
Maya Gurina
Tamara Lvova
Irina Agayeva
Yulia Dyatlova (Boldinova) (native daughter of Nadezhda Kvyatkovskaya)
Tatiana Kotelskaya
Tatiana Hovhannes
Vera Khlevinskaya
Tatiana Bocharnikova
Ludmila Ovsyannikova
Irina Rudometkina
Varvara Romashkina
Lyudmila Levina (the last television sign language interpreter who started working on television 8 years after the collapse of the USSR).

Forecasters of the program "Time"

Ekaterina Chistyakova (1971-1982)
Galina Gromova (until 1982)
Valentina Shendakova (until 1982)
Anatoly Yakovlev (1987-1991)
Alexander Shuvalov (until 1991)

Notes

1 2 Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 27, 1991 No. 331 “On the Ostankino TV and Radio Company”. Official Internet portal of legal information (December 27, 1991). Retrieved 12 August 2014.
TV journalism. CHAPTER 3 Leningrad television broadcasts
TV in Leningrad
Prewar European stations
RCA's Russian television connection
Politics
End of broadcast of the first CT program (1988-1991) on YouTube
“In the summer of 1957, the quiz “Evening of funny questions” - “BBB” was broadcast live. A big fan of pranks, composer Nikita Bogoslovsky gave the audience a task: to arrive at the studio in twenty minutes in a fur coat, felt boots, a hat and a samovar. At the same time, he forgot to name one more condition - decisive in this case. The spectator certainly had to bring with him the New Year's issue of the newspaper. And hundreds of people poured onto the stage of the hall, the broadcast was stopped with an apology. as a result of this state of emergency, director Vladimir Spiridonovich Osminin and many television workers were fired ”(N. P. Kartsov).
Ivanov Georgy Alexandrovich (1919‒1994) (Russian). The Museum of Radio and Television on the Internet is an electronic periodical (EL No. 77-4846 dated 10/20/2001). Retrieved June 15, 2012. Archived from the original on June 26, 2012.
On the night of March 26, Alexei Druzhinin, executive producer of the Stories in Details program, was killed in Moscow. Novaya Gazeta (April 1, 2007).
Yesterday, our colleague, well-known ORT sportscaster Anatoly Malyavin, died suddenly. Sport Express (March 12, 1997).

Literature

F. I. Razzakov, "Death of Soviet TV", 2009, ISBN - 978-5-699-33296-0.

Central Television of the USSR State Television and Radio Broadcasting Information About

September 14 to the famous TV presenter, television announcer, People's Artist of the USSR Igor Kirillov turns 85 years old. Many people associate his name primarily with the Vremya program, which he hosted for 30 years. Despite the strict rules that existed in Soviet television, Kirillov found elegant ways to evade these rules.

Igor Kirillov began his career on television in 1957, after he graduated from the acting department of the Higher Theater School. Shchepkina and worked for 2 years at the Taganka Drama and Comedy Theater. In the Shabolov television center, he started small - at first he worked as an assistant director of the music editorial office, then he became a production director, and after winning the announcers' competition, he appeared on television.

The profession of an announcer was not his dream - in fact, he was going to become a director, but over time, his work fascinated him so much that he no longer imagined his existence without it. " From the first days of my work, television has been, remains and will be for me not just a mass medium, a technical means for transmitting works of art, but a real art that helped me get rid of many shortcomings", - the legendary announcer and TV presenter admits.

In addition to the program "Time", the announcer of which he was until 1989, Igor Kirillov led "Blue Lights", "Song of the Year" and "Kinopanorama". From 1969 to 1989 he headed the announcer department of Central Television, but even after the collapse of the Union, he found a place on the new television: for some time Igor Kirillov was the host of the popular Vzglyad program. Until now, he remains in demand on television - the announcer met his last 84th birthday in the studio of the Tonight program with Andrei Malakhov.

Despite the strict rules that existed on Soviet television, Igor Kirillov calls stories about strict censorship and the dismissal of announcers due to reservations a fiction. TV presenters themselves understood what responsibility was entrusted to them and took their profession more than seriously: “ I never felt this censorship. Yes, there were censors, they looked at the folder with the news before going on the air - they checked if there were state or military secrets. And as for political censorship, it sat in my head, because we were all brought up in that society, when before saying anything, you had to think a little. Some official texts from Pravda had to be reworked a little, but no one really wanted to improvise».

Igor Kirillov was often called the "Kremlin announcer", which weighed heavily on him. Once he even asked the head of the State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company S. Lapin to release him from this post, to which he replied: “ Re-read Saltykov-Shchedrin - and you will understand that since ancient times in Russian communication it is important not what you say, but what is behind it". Since then, the announcer began to master non-verbal means of expressing his own attitude to the sounding text. He later confessed: " I carefully re-read Saltykov-Shchedrin and tried to transfer the interlinear irony of the great writer to my work on the Vremya program. But, obviously, a few "went over." For soon I received a couple of letters from especially attentive spectators-artists who wrote: “Comrade Kirillov, on such and such a date you read the decision of the Central Committee of the CPSU, but in your eyes there was something different».

Of course, in those days there could be no talk of jokes or any other manifestations of the frivolous behavior of announcers on the air. Equally serious was the attitude to the correctness of speech, and to its articulateness: it was necessary to pronounce no more than 12-14 lines per minute. The reverent attitude to the language has been preserved by the legendary announcer to this day: his hearing is cut not only by obscene language from TV screens, but also by careless handling of speech - in his opinion, many modern presenters chatter, make a large number of mistakes, swallow words and behave cheeky. Nevertheless, some presenters arouse sympathy for him - Kirillov speaks with approval of Ivan Urgant and the ProjectorParisHilton program, although he believes that there are too many of this presenter on the screens.

Igor Kirillov was the face of the Vremya program and one of the most popular TV presenters. Nevertheless, star disease bypassed him. This was facilitated by a high level of culture, professionalism and responsibility. " You just need to remember that you are only the last link in the chain of a large number of people on whom the success of the program depends. The basis is those who remain behind the scenes: editor, directors, cameramen, lighting engineers, sound engineers, technicians, engineers, editors... How many professions are behind your back! And your task is not to spoil the work of this huge number of people", - he thinks. press:

The founder of the Soviet school of sports radio reporting was, of course, Sinyavsky Vadim Svyatoslavovich. It was he who once held the first gymnastics lesson on the all-Union radio. In 1935, he voiced the first foreign reportage in the history of the Union from the match between the USSR and Turkey. However, Sinyavsky covered not only sporting events. His voice sounded at the moment when, in November 1941, Soviet troops were leaving Red Square for the front line. In 1942, Vadim Svyatoslavovich almost died. "Sevastopol speaks!" - only the legendary announcer managed to say on the air. A moment later, he was covered by a shell that exploded nearby mines.

Vladimir Borisovich Gertsik the war was not spared either. From 1941 to 1943, the artist and presenter served as the commander of the chemical company of the Latvian Rifle Division. In the last years of the war he worked as an announcer, making dangerous flights behind enemy lines with agitation for surrender and with messages for German troops.

Olga Sergeevna Vysotskaya rightfully considered one of the brightest presenters of the middle of the 20th century. Her track record includes radio news from the fronts, and live broadcasts from the Kremlin Palace of Congresses, and the tragic reports of the Sovinformburo. Olga Sergeevna was distinguished by her clarity and clarity of speech, as well as her unique talent for winning over listeners.

The most famous announcer of the USSR hardly needs a separate introduction. It's hard to believe, but once a 17-year-old Yuri Levitan made the selection committee of the capital's university laugh with his "okay" Vladimir dialect. It was then that he caught the eye of an advertisement for a group of radio announcers. The stubborn young man decided to try his luck again. Fortunately, Vasily Kachalov himself was present at the audition, who was not embarrassed by the peculiarities of Levitan's speech.

Igor Leonidovich Kirillov was the announcer of the program "Time" for more than 30 years. From 1965 until the early 80s, it was he who broadcast live parades from Red Square. The legendary presenter covered the broadcast of the celebrations on May 9 even longer - until 2006. Today, Kirillov appears on television, periodically participating in the programs "Guess the Melody", "Our Time", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire" and many others.

Shatilova Anna once, quite by accident, I read an advertisement for a group of announcers on the All-Union Radio "Gosteleradio USSR" and decided to try my hand. A few years later she was invited to work for Central Television. It was Anna Nikolaevna who, in 1963, read out an urgent TASS message about the assassination of John F. Kennedy on the air.

Khoroshevtsev Evgeny Alexandrovich today is one of the most popular announcers of modern Russia. He is called the "Official voice of the Kremlin" and he informs us about the most important political events.

broadcast zone all-union and regional, broadcasting
walked in 5 zones (1990) Broadcast start date The key dates in the history of TV of the USSR are:

1951- the Central Studio of Television of the USSR was created
(prototype of the 1st program)
November 4, 1967- The 1st program of the Central Television of the USSR becomes all-Union

Founder Gosteleradio of the USSR, Government of the USSR Owner state Leaders Vladimir Spiridonovich Osminin
Georgy Alexandrovich Ivanov

directors

Story

The first telecasts began in Moscow in 1935. In -1945 television did not work. The broadcasts were resumed on May 7, 1945, and on December 15 Muscovites were the first in Europe to switch to regular broadcasting. The main TV programs of those years were devoted to the life of the Soviet Union, cultural events, science, and sports.

In December 1948, the Moscow Television Center suspended transmissions for the duration of the reconstruction. On June 16, 1949, broadcasting began according to the 625-line standard from Shabolovka. On March 22, 1951, the television center was transformed into the Central Television Studio. The program did not have a clearly defined theme, broadcasting both news and music programs and films, cartoons from the Soyuzmultfilm film studio, as well as educational programs. Since January 1, 1955, it has been working daily.

Subordination

1953. Ministry of Culture.
May 16, 1957 Committee for Radio Broadcasting and Television under the Council of Ministers of the USSR.
April 18, 1962 State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for Radio Broadcasting and Television.
October 9, 1965. Committee for Radio Broadcasting and Television under the Council of Ministers of the USSR.
July 12, 1970 Union-Republican State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for Television and Radio Broadcasting.
July 5, 1978 USSR State Committee for Television and Radio Broadcasting.
March 7, 1991 All-Union State Television and Radio Company.
May 13, 1991. Russian TV and radio company (TsT channel 2).
December 22, 1991. Russian state television and radio company Ostankino.

List of programs

The obvious is the incredible
Person and law
searchlight perestroika
Commonwealth
Hello, we are looking for talent!
Music kiosk
Under the sign "Pi"
Funny boys
Walt Disney Presents
Under 16 and over
Serve the Soviet Union
rural hour
Anu ka girls
Turn
Autograph
International Panorama
Cinema panorama
Wider circle
Heartily
Ninth Studio

DH announcers

Evgeny Arbenin
Natalya Andreeva since 1982 (graduated from VTU named after B. Shchukin in 1979 (?))
Nikolai Arsentiev
Alisher Badalov since 1990
Viktor Balashov
Valentina Barteneva since 1992
Vladimir Berezin since 1990
Irina Beskopskaya since 1992
Maria Bulychova since the 1960s
Alexandra Burataeva since 1992
Marina Burtseva since 1977 (graduated from VTU named after B. Shchukin in 1978 (?))
Boris Vassin
Larisa Verbitskaya since 1986
Lev Viktorov
Galina Vlasenok since 1990
Dina Grigoryeva since 1975 (graduate of the Moscow State Institute of Culture)
Natalia Grigorieva since 1988
Ekaterina Gritsenko since 1984
Alla Danko since 1974 (graduate of the First Moscow Medical Institute)
Alexey Dmitriev (Shilov)
Galina Dorovskaya (graduated from VTU named after B. Shchukin in 1974 (?))
Alexey Druzhinin since 1990?
Gennady Dubko
Larisa Dykina
Inna Ermilova since 1977 (MSPI graduate)
Shamil Zakirov???
Galina Zimenkova since 1969 (graduated from Kazan University in 1963 and Leningrad Institute of Culture)
Elena Zubareva
Olga Zyuzina since 1977 (GITIS graduate)
Tatyana Ivanova
Oleg Izmailov since 1967
Irina Illarionova
Elena Kovalenko since 1977 (MSPI graduate)
Yuri Kovelenov since 1972?
Natalya Kozelkova since 1984 (graduated from Shchepkin VTU in 1984)
Octavian Kornic (graduated from VTU named after B. Shchukin in 1967)
Vera Kotsyuba since 1988
Evgeny Kochergin since 1975? (graduated from the Moscow Financial and Economic Institute in 1972)
Tatiana Krasuskaya
Olga Kuleshova (graduated from the Institute of Culture)
Valentina Lanovaya since 1967
Andrey Leonov since 1984 (graduated from Moscow State Technical University in 1979)
Valentina Leontieva since 1954
Irina Martynova since 1984
Valery Mironov since 1972
Maria Mitroshina
Vlada Mozhaeva since 1992
Alla Music since 1967? (graduated from VTU named after B. Shchukin in 1966)
Margarita Myrikova-Kudryashova since 1992
Aida Nevskaya since 1992
Elena Nefedova since 1990
Yuri Nikolaev since 1975 (graduated from GITIS in 1970)
Irina Pauzina since 1977
Yuri Petrov since 1982
Valentina Pechorina since 1967 (graduated from GITIS in 1965 and journalism faculty of Moscow State University)
Dmitry Poletaev since 1982 (graduated from Shchepkin VTU in 1982)
Sergei Polyansky since 1980
Valeria Rizhskaya since 1984
Tatyana Romashina since 1982 (graduated from the Moscow Art Theater School in 1981)
Maya Sidorova since 1982 (graduated from Shchepkin VTU in 1982 (?))
Anatoly Silin since the 1960s
Svetlana Scriabina (Ershova) since 1962
Evgeny Smirnov from 1967 to 1974
Lyudmila Sokolova since 1957 (GITIS graduate)
Alla Stakhanova since 1967 (graduated from GITIS in 1965 (?))
Tatyana Sudets (Grushina) since 1972 (graduated from MPEI)
Evgeny Suslov since 1962
Irina Titova since 1992
Viktor Tkachenko since 1970? to 1981
Svetlana Tokareva (graduate of the Moscow Conservatory)
Vladimir Ukhin since 1962 (graduate of the variety department of GITIS, 1960)
Yuri Fedotov since 1982
Natalia Fufacheva since 1972
Andrei Khlebnikov 1956-1957? (graduated from VTU named after B. Shchukin, 1955)
Natalia Chelobova since 1972
Olga Chepurova in the 1950s (VGIK graduate)
Gennady Chertov since 1967 (graduated from GITIS)
Leonid Chuchin (graduated from GITIS)

Soundless. On October 1, 1931, the Moscow Radio Center on medium waves launched the first TV channel in the Soviet Union, broadcasting daily with sound for 30 minutes a day. Moscow broadcast 12 times a month for 60 minutes.

Moscow Department of Television (1934-1939)

In 1933, the All-Union Committee for Radio Broadcasting was removed from the subordination of the People's Commissariat of Posts and Telegraphs and renamed the All-Union Committee for Radio and Radio Information. production of radio programs (the only radio channel at that time also began to be called). In December 1933, television broadcasting in Moscow ceased, due to the fact that the creation of electronic television was recognized as more promising. However, since the industry had not yet mastered the new television equipment, on February 11, 1934, medium wave transmissions resumed. On February 11, 1934, the Moscow Department of Television of the All-Union Radio was created.

Moscow Television Center (1939-1949)

In 1938, experimental television transmissions of electronic television took place. On March 10, 1939, within the framework of the All-Union Radio, the Moscow Television Center (MCT) was created, which launched the TV channel of the same name on ultrashort waves, which was attended by broadcasts and the Leningrad television center. On April 1, 1941, the ICT stopped broadcasting on medium wave. During the Great Patriotic War, the ITC did not broadcast. The broadcasts were resumed on May 7, 1945, and on December 15, Muscovites were the first in Europe to switch to regular broadcasting. The main TV programs of those years were devoted to the life of the Soviet Union, cultural events, science, and sports. In December 1948, the Moscow Television Center suspended transmissions for the duration of the reconstruction.

Moscow Department of Television Broadcasting (1949-1951)

In 1949, the All-Union Committee for Radio and Broadcasting was divided into the All-Union Committee for Radio Information (in charge of the Central All-Union Radio Broadcasting) and the Radio Broadcasting Committee under the Council of Ministers of the USSR (in charge of Foreign Broadcasting), the MTC was withdrawn from the All-Union Radio and became subordinate to the Ministry of Communications, but it remained only technical functions, and the production of programs was transferred to the Moscow Department of Television Broadcasting, which remained part of the All-Union Radio, on June 16, 1949, broadcasting according to the standard of 625 lines began from the Moscow Television Center.

Central Television Studio (1951-1957)

March 22, 1951 as part of the All-Union Radio was created Central Television Studio(CST), the TV channel received a similar name. As part of the Central Television Studio, thematic departments were formed - "editorial offices": socio-political editorial office, editorial office of literary and dramatic broadcasting, editorial office of programs for children and musical editorial board. On April 8, 1952, the Leningrad Television Studio was established. In 1953, the Radio Information Committee was reorganized into the Main Directorate of Radio Information, the Committee on Radio Broadcasting under the Council of Ministers of the USSR into the Main Directorate of Radio Broadcasting, both committees were part of the USSR Ministry of Culture.

Since January 1, 1955, the CST has been broadcasting daily. On February 14, 1956, the CST launched the second TV channel in the USSR and Russia, called the CST Moscow program, the CST channel itself became known as the CST First program. Both channels broadcast only in Moscow and Leningrad. In 1956, the editorial board of Latest News was created.

Central Television (1957-1991)

In 1957, the Central Television Studio was withdrawn from the All-Union Radio and reorganized into the state institution "Central Television" (CT), the editorial offices of the Central Television Studio were reorganized into the main editorial offices of the Central Television, the Leningrad Television Studio was renamed the Leningrad Central Television Studio, the Main Directorate of Radio Information was removed from the Ministry of Culture, directly reassigned to the Council of Ministers and reorganized into the USSR State Committee for Radio Broadcasting and Television, "CST First Program" became known as TsT First Program, TsT Moscow Program - TsT Moscow Program. In the second half of the 1950s - the first half of the 1960s, most of the territorial production departments of the Central Television - the Central Television Studios were created on the ground (in the centers of regions, territories and autonomies), at the same time, the Central Television First program began to broadcast throughout the European part of the USSR, and from November 2, 1967 - throughout the USSR, and in the mid-1970s, the broadcasting of the Central Television Moscow program was extended to the entire territory of the USSR.

On March 29, 1965, TsT launched the third TV channel in the USSR - TsT Educational program, and on November 4, 1967, the fourth TV channel - TsT Fourth program, which mainly showed replays of TsT First program, broadcasting both channels covered Moscow and the Moscow region. On October 1, 1967, the CT First program began regular broadcasting in color. On January 25, 1971, the Technical (sixth) program TsT began broadcasting in Moscow, which was used as a technical channel during the Olympics-80 and where the Open Tennis Championships of England and France were broadcast (already in perestroika, without commentators and in full). In 1971, the CT launched a duplicate of the CT of the First program on the Orbita system (Orbita-1) for the Urals, Central Asia and part of Kazakhstan, taking into account the difference in time zones (+2 hours from Moscow time), and by January 1, 1976, the CT also launched three more duplicates of the CT First program (“Orbita-2,-3,-4”) specifically for the eastern territories of the USSR with a time shift of +8, +6 and +4 hours. Since January 1, 1977, all DH programs have been broadcast in color.

In 1981-1983, a number of regional TV channels were launched on the third TV channel - Ukrainian television of the Kyiv studio CT, Belarusian program of the Minsk studio CT, CT Leningrad program of the Leningrad studio CT (broadcast in Moscow on the fifth TV channel) and others. transferred to the second channel and became known as the TsT Second program, the TsT Moscow program was transferred to the third channel, its broadcasting was limited to the territory of Moscow, Moscow and some adjacent regions, the TsT Educational program was transferred to the fourth channel. The TT also launched four duplicates of the TT Second program for the eastern territories (“Double-1,-2,-3,-4”).

In October 1990, the weekly Friday evening broadcast (from 21.30 until the end of broadcasts) of the first TV channel was transferred to the private television company "VID", weekly broadcast on Mondays - to the private television company "ATV", weekly broadcast on Wednesdays - to the private television company "REN" TV, daily morning and afternoon broadcast of the third channel - the commercial television company "2x2".

All-Union State Television and Radio Company (March 7 - December 27, 1991)

On March 7, 1991, CT and BP were merged into the All-Union State Television and Radio Company (VGTRK), the USSR State Committee for Television and Radio Broadcasting and the USSR State Committee for Press were merged into the Ministry of Information and Press. On May 13, 1991, the evening part of the air of the second TV channel was transferred to the All-Russian State Television and Radio Company (RTR). On September 16, 1991, the second channel was transferred in full to RTR, VGTRK The second program was transferred to the morning and afternoon air of the fourth channel.

Russian state television and radio company Ostankino (1991-1995)

On December 27, 1991, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the All-Russian State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company was abolished, and on its basis the Russian State Television and Radio Company Ostankino (RGTRK Ostankino) was created, subordinate to the Ministry of Press and Information of the Russian Federation. 2 days later, the chairman of the All-Russian State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company, Yegor Yakovlev, signed an order to dismiss the employees of the television company on January 5, 1992 in connection with its liquidation. At the beginning of 1992, the Studio of Moscow Television Programs of the RGTRK Ostankino and the Studio of Moscow Radio Broadcasting Programs of the RGTRK Ostankino were withdrawn from the RGTRK Ostankino and merged into the Russian Moscow State Television and Radio Company Moskva (RMTK Moskva), which was transferred to the RGTRK Ostankino Moscow program (which was renamed the Moscow TV channel) and "regional windows" on Radio 1 in Moscow and the Moscow region. The Leningrad television studio of the RGTRK Ostankino and the Leningrad radio broadcasting studio of the RGTRK Ostankino were merged into the St. Radio-1 in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region and RGTRK Ostankino Leningrad program, renamed Channel Five. On July 6, 1992, the Educational program was transferred from the evening air of the fourth channel to the morning and afternoon, and the Fourth program from the morning and afternoon air to the evening, in addition, the Fourth program received all the air on the fourth channel at the weekend. RGTRK Ostankino First program became known as 1st channel Ostankino, RGTRK Ostankino Fourth program - 4th channel Ostankino, RGTRK Ostankino Educational program - Russian universities. On December 22, the Ministry of Press and Information of the Russian Federation was divided into the State Press Committee of the Russian Federation and the Federal Service of the Russian Federation for Television and Radio Broadcasting (FSTR). On January 17, 1994, the morning and afternoon broadcasts of the fourth channel were transmitted by the All-Russian State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company (which broadcast as the Russian Universities channel), the evening broadcast - by the private television company NTV. In the same 1994, the evening broadcast on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays on the first TV channel was taken from private TV companies and returned to the Ostankino State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company, private TV companies began to produce television programs by order of her order. On April 1, 1995, the first TV channel was transferred to the Public Russian Television. October 12, 1995 RGTRK "Ostankino" was abolished.

Subordination

from 1953 to May 16, 1957 - the Ministry of Culture of the USSR;
May 16, 1957 - April 18, 1962 - Committee on Radio Broadcasting and Television under the Council of Ministers of the USSR;
April 18, 1962 - October 9, 1962 - State Committee of the USSR Council of Ministers for Radio Broadcasting and Television;
October 9, 1965 - July 12, 1970 - Committee on Radio Broadcasting and Television under the Council of Ministers of the USSR;
July 12, 1970 - July 5, 1978 - Union-Republican State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for Television and Radio Broadcasting;
July 5, 1978 - March 7, 1991 - State Committee of the USSR for Television and Radio Broadcasting;
March 7 - December 27, 1991 - All-Union State Television and Radio Company.

Structure and leadership

The Central Television was headed by a director who, by virtue of his position, was the Deputy Chairman of the USSR State Committee for Television and Radio Broadcasting and was appointed Chairman of this committee.

Central television consisted of thematic production departments - "main editions":

Main editorial office of film programs
Main edition of literary and dramatic programs
Main edition of international programs
Main edition of music programs
The main edition of folk art
Main edition of programs for children and youth
Main edition for children and youth
Main edition of propaganda
Main edition of journalism
Main edition of sports programs
Main edition of popular science and educational programs
Main edition of programs for Moscow and the Moscow region
Main edition of literary and art programs
Main editorial office of socio-political programs

Each main editorial office was headed by an editor-in-chief, who was appointed by the director of the CT. The main editorial offices were divided into departments, headed by department heads, departments into program editors, headed by editors-in-chief.

In addition, in each territory, region, union and autonomous republic, there were territorial production departments - “studios”, within which thematic main editorial offices could also be created. The regional studios of the CT were headed by directors appointed by the director of the CT, and being in dual subordination to the regional committee on television and radio broadcasting and the director of the CT, the editors-in-chief of the main editorial offices of the regional studios were headed by the editors-in-chief, who were appointed by the directors of the studios.

CEOs

Broadcast time

TV broadcasts on weekdays began at 6:30 with a morning information and music program (in the 1970s - at 9:00-9:10 from the release of "News", from 1978 and until January 4, 1987 - at 8 o'clock in the morning from the release of Novosti with a repeat of yesterday's release of the Vremya program) and lasted until about 12 o'clock, then there was a break until 14:00 (from 1978 - until 14:30, from 1979 - until 14:50, from 1986 year - until 16:00), during which the signal of the exact time was broadcast in the form of an arrow clock (according to the "Second Program" the tuning table was broadcast). The evening broadcast continued until 23:00, sometimes until 00:00. At the end of the broadcast, a flashing reminder was broadcast for several minutes - the final signal, marking the end of the broadcast with the inscription "Don't forget to turn off the TV", accompanied by a loud intermittent sound signal.

Clocks, screensavers and decoration

The main screensaver of the first and second programs was a rotating globe against the background of a communications satellite transmitting the program, depicted on a yellow background. In the 1960s, the song “Soviet Moscow” by A. Titov and S. Vasiliev performed by Alexander Rozum was the screen saver before the start of the first program of the Central Television. Since 1982, when Central Television rescheduled broadcasting, the screensaver was a star-antenna on a blue background with moving rings symbolizing radio waves, and the caption at the bottom "Program I" or "Program II", which then changed to "TV USSR". Around February 1988, the splash screen was changed: the circles became fixed, the inscription "TV USSR" disappeared, and the background became light blue with a white gradient.

On holidays, at the beginning of the broadcast, against the background of a star with a red banner, as well as newsreels of the Soviet country, the State Anthem of the USSR sounded. The clock on the splash screen, displaying the exact time, was on a dark blue background with yellow (or white) numbers and no sound. The clock broadcast on the screen was actually a mechanical black and white clock, which was filmed by a camera and, using a specialized printed circuit board, was painted in the desired two colors. When the screensaver with the song "Motherland" began to be used in the program "Time", the background of the clock was dark green. After the appearance of the Kremlin tower, the dark blue background was returned to the clock. In 1991, advertising was displayed below the clock (Crosna, Olivetti, MMM). This idea is still used by modern TV channels (for example: RBC). Subsequently, these watches were used on other TV channels, in particular, Channel 1 Ostankino in 1991-1994, 2x2 and MTK in 1989-1997, TV-6 in 1993-2000 and Third Channel in 1997-2002 during the transition from TVC and back.

Landscapes of Moscow, nature or direct designations - "Feature film", "Film-concert", etc. were used as screensavers.