The word "decoration" is most often used to refer to the accessories of the theater, whose purpose is to create the illusion of a place in which the action played out on the stage takes place. Therefore, theatrical scenery is for the most part either landscapes or perspective views of streets, squares and the interior of buildings. They are painted on canvas.

The main components of each theatrical scenery are the curtain and backstage. The first is hung in the depths of the stage, stretching across its entire width, and depicts everything that is in the background in the reproduced landscape or perspective; the wings are pieces of linen, narrower in comparison with the curtain, stretched over a wooden binding and cut out at one end in a proper way; they are placed on the sides of the stage in two, three or several rows, one after the other, and represent closer objects, for example. trees, rocks, houses, pilasters and other parts of the scene. The scenery is supplemented by subarcs - pieces of canvas stretched at the top across the entire stage and depicting pieces of the sky, upper branches of trees, ceiling vaults, etc. e.g. stones, bridges, cliffs, hanging galleries, stairs, etc.

performance artist theatrical scenery and called a decorator, must possess, in addition to the training necessary for a painter in general, some special knowledge: he must know perfectly the rules of linear and aerial perspective, to master a very broad method of writing, to be able to adapt his coloring to the fiery lighting in which stage performances usually take place, and in general to count on the fact that as a result of his work a picturesque setting for the play being played is obtained, not only not harming it with its excessive simplicity or pretentiousness , but contributing to the strength and efficiency of the impression it makes on the viewer.

Having composed a sketch drawing of the scenery, the decorator makes a model for it, that is, a miniature likeness of the stage with a cardboard curtain, backstage and other accessories, so that this model can be used to judge in advance the effect of the future work. After that, proceeding to the execution of the scenery itself, he stretches the canvas of the curtain in a horizontal position on the floor of his workshop, transfers the drawing of the sketch to it in an enlarged form by breaking it into squares, and, finally, starts writing with paints. He does exactly the same when performing backstage and other parts of the scenery. The palette is replaced by a box with cans of various paints diluted with glue; for writing, more or less large brushes made of bristles with long handles are used. During work, he interrupts it every now and then in order to climb the gallery, arranged in the workshop at a certain height from the floor, and look from there at what was written. He usually does not work alone, but together with his students and assistants, to whom he entrusts preparation and secondary parts of the work.

scenery performance sketch dramaturgy

Stage performances were furnished with decorations by the ancient Greeks. As one of the oldest decorators known in history, one can point to Agafarch, who lived approximately in 460-420 years. BC modern times decorative painting developed primarily in Italy, which delivered the best craftsmen on this part and other countries.

From Italian decorators to XVIII century Giovanni Servandoni, who worked for the Royal Opera in Paris, became especially famous. Then the championship in the area under consideration passed to the French. Among them, the theatrical painter Boke showed a remarkable talent; the famous Watteau and Boucher did not hesitate to break away from the performance of their paintings in order to write for the stage. Then, among the French decorators, Degotti, Ciceri, the students of the last Sechan, Desplechin, Fescher and Cambon, Chaperon, Thierry, Rube and Cheret enjoyed loud fame. Outstanding decorators in Germany were Schinkel, Karl Gropius, the Italians Quaglio and I. Hoffmann. In Russia, the needs of the imperial theaters were satisfied at the beginning by visiting Italian decorators - Peresinotti, Quarenghi, Canopy, Gonzaga, and then, in the reign of Nicholas I, German artists Andreas Roller, K. Wagner and others; Only in the second half of the 19th century did decorative painting take the path of independence in Russia thanks to such gifted masters as M. I. Bocharov and M. A. Shishkov, and the establishment of a special class at the Academy of Arts for the study of this branch of art.

Theatrical and decorative art (often also called scenography) is a type of fine art associated with the artistic design of a theatrical performance, that is, the creation of a living environment on the theatrical stage in which the characters of a dramatic or musical-dramatic work act, as well as the appearance of themselves these heroes. The main elements of theatrical and decorative art - scenery, lighting, props and props, costumes and make-up of actors - constitute a single artistic whole that expresses the meaning and character stage action, subject to the idea of ​​the performance. Theatrical and decorative art is closely connected with the development of the theatre. Stage performances without elements of artistic and visual design are an exception.

The basis of the artistic design of the performance is the scenery depicting the place and time of the action. The specific form of scenery (composition, color scheme, etc.) is determined not only by the content of the action, but also by its external conditions (more or less rapid changes in the scene, the peculiarities of the perception of the scenery from the auditorium, its combination with certain lighting, etc.) "The image embodied on the stage is initially created by the artist in a sketch or layout. The path from a sketch to a layout and stage design is associated with the search for the greatest expressiveness of the scenery and its artistic completeness. In the work of the best theater artists, the sketch is important not only for the working plan of stage design, but and relatively independent work of art.

Theatrical scenery includes the framing of the stage, a special curtain (or curtains), a pictorial solution of the stage space of the stage, backstage, background, etc. The ways of depicting the living environment on the stage are diverse. In the traditions of Russian realistic art, pictorial solutions prevail. At the same time, written planar elements are usually combined with built ones (volumetric or semi-volumetric) into an integral image that creates the illusion of a single spatial environment actions. But the basis of the scenery can also be figurative and expressive structures, projections, draperies, screens, etc., as well as a combination various ways Images. The development of stage technique and the expansion of representational methods do not, however, cancel the significance of painting as the basis of theatrical and decorative art in general. The choice of image method in each individual case is determined by the specific content, genre and style of the work embodied on the stage.

Costumes actors, created by the artist in unity with the scenery, characterize the social, national, individual characteristics of the heroes of the play. They correlate in color with the scenery (“fit” into the overall picture), and in ballet performance they also have a special “dance” specificity (they must be comfortable and light and emphasize dance movements). With the help of lighting, not only a clear visibility (visibility, “readability”) of the scenery is achieved, but also different seasons and days are depicted, illusions natural phenomena(snow, rain, etc.). Color lighting effects are able to create a feeling of a certain emotional atmosphere of a stage action.

Theatrical and decorative art changes with the development of artistic culture as a whole. It depends on the dominant artistic style, from the type of dramaturgy, from the state of the fine arts, as well as from the arrangement of theatrical premises and the stage, from the technique of lighting, and many other concrete historical conditions.

Theatrical and decorative art in Russia reached a high level of development at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries, when outstanding artists. They brought a great pictorial culture to the design of performances, achieved the artistic integrity of the stage action, the organic participation of fine art in it, the unity of scenery, lighting and costumes with dramaturgy and music. These were artists who first worked at the Mammoth Opera (V. M. Vasnetsov, V. D. Polenov, M. A. Vrubel, etc.), then in the Moscow Art Theater(V. A. Simov and others), in imperial musical theaters(K. A. Korovin, A. Ya. Golovin), Diaghilev's "Russian Seasons" (A. N. Benois, L. S. Bakst, N. K. Roerich and others).

A powerful stimulus for the development of theatrical and decorative art was given by the creative search for advanced stage direction (K. S. Stanislavsky, V. I. Nemirovich-Danchenko, V. E. Meyerhold, choreographers M. M. Fokin and A. A. Gorsky).

Literature

E. Zmoiro. Scenery model for the performance of the Central children's theater"Skates" based on the play by S. V. Mikhalkov. 1976.

Send your good work in the knowledge base is simple. Use the form below

Students, graduate students, young scientists who use the knowledge base in their studies and work will be very grateful to you.

Posted on http://www.allbest.ru/

OGAPOU "Governor's College of Social and Cultural Technologies and Innovations"

abstract

On the topic: "Scenery in the theater"

Work completed: 1st year student

Vorontsova Elena

The word "decoration" is most often used to refer to the accessories of the theater, whose purpose is to create the illusion of a place in which the action played out on the stage takes place. Therefore, theatrical scenery is for the most part either landscapes or perspective views of streets, squares and the interior of buildings. They are painted on canvas.

The main components of each theatrical scenery are the curtain and backstage. The first is hung in the depths of the stage, stretching across its entire width, and depicts everything that is in the background in the reproduced landscape or perspective; the wings are pieces of linen, narrower in comparison with the curtain, stretched over a wooden binding and cut out at one end in a proper way; they are placed on the sides of the stage in two, three or several rows, one after the other, and represent closer objects, for example. trees, rocks, houses, pilasters and other parts of the scene. The scenery is supplemented by subarcs - pieces of canvas stretched at the top across the entire stage and depicting pieces of the sky, upper branches of trees, ceiling vaults, etc. e.g. stones, bridges, cliffs, hanging galleries, stairs, etc.

An artist who is engaged in the execution of theatrical scenery and is called a decorator must possess, in addition to the training necessary for a painter in general, some special knowledge: he needs to perfectly know the rules of linear and aerial perspective, to master a very wide method of writing, to be able to adapt his coloring to fiery lighting, in which stage performances usually take place, and in general to count on the fact that as a result of his work a picturesque setting for the play being played is obtained, not only not harming it with its excessive simplicity or pretentiousness, but contributing to the strength and efficiency of the impression it makes on the viewer.

Having composed a sketch drawing of the scenery, the decorator makes a model for it, that is, a miniature likeness of the stage with a cardboard curtain, backstage and other accessories, so that this model can be used to judge in advance the effect of the future work. After that, proceeding to the execution of the scenery itself, he stretches the canvas of the curtain in a horizontal position on the floor of his workshop, transfers the drawing of the sketch to it in an enlarged form by breaking it into squares, and, finally, starts writing with paints. He does exactly the same when performing backstage and other parts of the scenery. The palette is replaced by a box with cans of various paints diluted with glue; for writing, more or less large brushes made of bristles with long handles are used. During work, he interrupts it every now and then in order to climb the gallery, arranged in the workshop at a certain height from the floor, and look from there at what was written. He usually does not work alone, but together with his students and assistants, to whom he entrusts preparation and secondary parts of the work.

scenery performance sketch dramaturgy

Stage performances were furnished with decorations by the ancient Greeks. As one of the oldest decorators known in history, one can point to Agafarch, who lived approximately in 460-420 years. BC In recent times, decorative painting has developed primarily in Italy, which brought the best masters in this area to other countries.

Of the Italian decorators in the 18th century, Giovanni Servandoni, who worked for the Royal Opera in Paris, became especially famous. Then the championship in the area under consideration passed to the French. Among them, the theatrical painter Boke showed a remarkable talent; the famous Watteau and Boucher did not hesitate to break away from the performance of their paintings in order to write for the stage. Then, among the French decorators, Degotti, Ciceri, the students of the last Sechan, Desplechin, Fescher and Cambon, Chaperon, Thierry, Rube and Cheret enjoyed loud fame. Outstanding decorators in Germany were Schinkel, Karl Gropius, the Italians Quaglio and I. Hoffmann. In Russia, the needs of the imperial theaters were satisfied at the beginning by visiting Italian decorators - Perezinotti, Quarenghi, Canopy, Gonzaga, and then, in the reign of Nicholas I, German artists Andreas Roller, K. Wagner and others; Only in the second half of the 19th century did decorative painting take the path of independence in Russia thanks to such gifted masters as M. I. Bocharov and M. A. Shishkov, and the establishment of a special class at the Academy of Arts for the study of this branch of art.

Theatrical and decorative art (often also called scenography) is a type of fine art associated with the artistic design of a theatrical performance, that is, the creation of a living environment on the theatrical stage in which the characters of a dramatic or musical-dramatic work act, as well as the appearance of themselves these heroes. The main elements of theatrical and decorative art - scenery, lighting, props and props, costumes and make-up of actors - constitute a single artistic whole, expressing the meaning and nature of the stage action, subordinate to the idea of ​​the performance. Theatrical and decorative art is closely connected with the development of the theatre. Stage performances without elements of artistic and visual design are an exception.

The basis of the artistic design of the performance is the scenery depicting the place and time of the action. The specific form of scenery (composition, color scheme, etc.) is determined not only by the content of the action, but also by its external conditions (more or less rapid changes in the scene, the peculiarities of the perception of the scenery from the auditorium, its combination with certain lighting, etc.) "The image embodied on the stage is initially created by the artist in a sketch or layout. The path from a sketch to a layout and stage design is associated with the search for the greatest expressiveness of the scenery and its artistic completeness. In the work of the best theater artists, the sketch is important not only for the working plan of stage design, but and relatively independent work of art.

Theatrical scenery includes the framing of the stage, a special curtain (or curtains), a pictorial solution of the stage space of the stage, backstage, background, etc. The ways of depicting the living environment on the stage are diverse. In the traditions of Russian realistic art, pictorial solutions prevail. At the same time, written planar elements are usually combined with built ones (volumetric or semi-volumetric) into an integral image that creates the illusion of a single spatial environment of action. But the basis of the scenery can also be figurative and expressive constructions, projections, draperies, screens, etc., as well as a combination of various image methods. The development of stage technique and the expansion of representational methods do not, however, cancel the significance of painting as the basis of theatrical and decorative art in general. The choice of image method in each individual case is determined by the specific content, genre and style of the work embodied on the stage.

The costumes of the actors, created by the artist in unity with the scenery, characterize the social, national, and individual characteristics of the heroes of the performance. They correlate in color with the scenery (“fit” into the overall picture), and in a ballet performance they also have a special “dance” specificity (they must be comfortable and light and emphasize dance movements). With the help of lighting, not only a clear visibility is achieved (visibility, “ readability”) of scenery, but also depicts various seasons and days, illusions of natural phenomena (snow, rain, etc.). Color lighting effects are able to create a feeling of a certain emotional atmosphere of a stage action.

Theatrical and decorative art changes with the development of artistic culture as a whole. It depends on the dominant artistic style, on the type of dramaturgy, on the state of the fine arts, as well as on the arrangement of theater premises and stage, on lighting techniques, and many other concrete historical conditions.

Theatrical and decorative art in Russia reached a high level of development at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries, when outstanding artists came to the theater. They brought a great pictorial culture to the design of performances, achieved the artistic integrity of the stage action, the organic participation of fine art in it, the unity of scenery, lighting and costumes with dramaturgy and music. These were artists who first worked at the Mammoth Opera (V. M. Vasnetsov, V. D. Polenov, M. A. Vrubel and others), then at the Moscow Art Theater (V. A. Simov and others), in the imperial musical theaters (K. A. Korovin, A. Ya. Golovin), Diaghilev's "Russian Seasons" (A. N. Benois, L. S. Bakst, N. K. Roerich, etc.).

A powerful stimulus for the development of theatrical and decorative art was given by the creative search for advanced stage direction (K. S. Stanislavsky, V. I. Nemirovich-Danchenko, V. E. Meyerhold, choreographers M. M. Fokin and A. A. Gorsky).

Literature

E. Zmoiro. Scenery model for the performance of the Central Children's Theater "Skates" based on the play by S. V. Mikhalkov. 1976.

Hosted on Allbest.ru

Similar Documents

Scenography as the art of creation visual image performance through scenery, costumes, lighting, staging technique. Basic systems and principles of decoration. Stage lighting is one of the most important components of the design of a choreographic production.

abstract, added 03/15/2013


Trends in the development of scenography. The artistic unity of the scenery of the performance and the technique of the stage. The use of volumetric-spatial structures. Problems of theatrical space. The use of gates and blocks, ropes on suspensions in a modern theater.

article, added 08/20/2013


The main material in the art of the director. Creativity of the artist involved in the creation of the performance. Expression of the ideological and creative aspirations of the actor. creative organization stage action. The behavior of the actor on stage. Directing techniques.

test, added 08/24/2013


The concept of decorative art as a means of expressiveness of theatrical art. The main means of expressiveness of theatrical art: the role of scenery, costume, make-up in revealing the image of the characters, the visual and optical design of the performance.

control work, added 12/17/2010


Methods and techniques of the director's work on the artistic design of the performance. Forms of scenic expression. Basic safety requirements when working with lighting and projection equipment, equipment on the stage.

control work, added 03/09/2009


Acting creativity and artistic specificity of the theater. Mise-en-scene as an essential component of the director's concept of the play. The meaning of tempo and rhythm in performing arts. Music and light are one of the brightest means of designing any performance.

abstract, added 11/11/2010


Stage action, its difference from action in life. The relationship of physical and psychological action. The main parts of the action: assessment, extension, actual action, impact. Director's sketch based on the painting "Visit of the Princess of the Convent".

control work, added 01/08/2011


Premiere of the play "The Power of Darkness" at the Bolshoi drama theater them. G.A. Tovstonogov. Biography of director Temur Chkheidze. People and passions staged by the BDT im. G.A. Tovstonogov. Features of the production of the play directed by Yuri Solomin at the Maly Theater.

term paper, added 07/05/2012


Make-up of the 30s of the XX century. on stage and in cinema. Analysis of the style and make-up of Marlene Dietrich. Makeup methods. Preparation of the skin, materials and means for the procedure. The influence of colors and light on makeup. Technological stages of applying stage make-up.

term paper, added 09/12/2014


The success of the first "Russian season" of a group of ballet dancers from the Imperial Theaters of St. Petersburg and Moscow in May 1909. Fokine's ballet productions at the Mariinsky Theatre. He created a completely new type of performance, new approaches to staging classical dance.

EcoDecor company is a manufacturer of custom-made decorations. We produce decorations of various types: studio, theatrical, concert, exhibition stands, interactive canvases and interactive scenery.

We are able to work with various materials: metal structures, wood and plywood structures, plastic decorations. We also make dynamic scenery, work with electronics, make special effects. We have extensive experience in production: from mechanics to electronics.

Decorations for the store. Store opening? The original window dressing will attract attention. New collection? Decorations will help to focus the attention of visitors on exactly what you want.

Decorations in the room. We can produce original decorations for a room, for example, an office, an apartment or a hotel. Styling a room as a cave, fairy-tale motifs or space theme? All of this is feasible and affordable. I use technologies from simple interior printing to the production of three-dimensional figures.

Decorations for outdoor areas. If you are holding a corporate training, presentation or birthday outdoors, then here we can also help you: outdoor stages, podiums, decorations and additional decorations for them.

Scenery in the park. Scenery for park performances or outdoor events. Maybe there is a specialized art exhibition in your park? We can make unique and unusual decorations according to your order.

Scenery in the theater. Classical theatrical scenery does not require additional comments.

Decorations for exhibitions(exhibition stands). Does your company want to make its booth stand out from the same gray mass? We can help you with this. Decorate your booth with various figures, light, sound and video effects.

Decorations for concerts, presentations, holidays, parties and corporate events . Each event is a unique event that simply needs to be highlighted. You can follow a simple path - to make banner decorations (large-format printing on the banner), in addition to this, you can add three-dimensional letters to the stage: the name of the group, company, seminar. Going even further, we can add three-dimensional figures: hearts for Valentine's Day, an Oscar figure for awards, or a 3D company logo. Here the limit is your imagination.

Scenery for photo shoots. Absolutely any ideas can be realized here. We can make props, both in natural size, and enlarged or reduced copies. We make enlarged copies of objects, both with the help of foam and plastic, and with the help of silicone.

Decorations for shopping centers (TC). AT modern world Without original themed decorations, a shopping center cannot attract visitors, so we offer various holiday decorations: Christmas decorations, Halloween decorations, winter / spring / summer and autumn decorations, as well as decorations dedicated to various sports events. Singing fountains, interior and exterior lighting, lighting control - all these are components of the scenery work.

Scenery for cinema. We make various props and props to order. We work with special effects, dynamic scenery. Any props, copies of elements (according to the description or photograph). Dynamic objects, electronics, moving effects and scenery.

We focus on creating original and sophisticated solutions!

THEATER AND DECORATION ART

Theatrical and decorative art (often also called scenography) is a type of fine art associated with the artistic design of a theatrical performance, that is, the creation of a living environment on the theatrical stage in which the characters of a dramatic or musical-dramatic work act, as well as the appearance of these characters themselves. The main elements of theatrical and decorative art - scenery, lighting, props and props, costumes and make-up of actors - constitute a single artistic whole, expressing the meaning and nature of the stage action, subordinate to the concept of the performance. Theatrical and decorative art is closely connected with the development of the theatre. Stage performances without elements of artistic and visual design are an exception.

The basis of the artistic design of the performance is the scenery depicting the place and time of the action. The specific form of scenery (composition, color scheme, etc.) is determined not only by the content of the action, but also by its external conditions (more or less rapid changes in the scene, the peculiarities of the perception of the scenery from the auditorium, its combination with certain lighting, etc.). .).

The image embodied on the stage is initially created by the artist in a sketch or layout. The path from the sketch to the layout and design of the scene is connected with the search for the greatest expressiveness of the scenery and its artistic completeness. In the work of the best theatrical artists, the sketch is important not only as a working plan for stage design, but also as a relatively independent work of art.

A. N. Benois. scenery sketch

1953. Paper, gouache, watercolor, pencil.

A. N. Benois. scenery sketch
to the ballet by P. I. Tchaikovsky "The Sleeping Beauty".
1953. Paper, gouache, watercolor, pencil.

Theatrical scenery includes the framing of the stage, a special curtain (or curtains), a pictorial solution of the stage space of the stage, backstage, background, etc. The ways of depicting the living environment on the stage are diverse. In the traditions of Russian realistic art, pictorial solutions prevail. At the same time, written planar elements are usually combined with built ones (volumetric or semi-volumetric) into an integral image that creates the illusion of a single spatial environment of action. But the basis of the scenery can also be figurative and expressive constructions, projections, draperies, screens, etc., as well as a combination of various image methods. The development of stage technique and the expansion of representational methods do not, however, cancel the significance of painting as the basis of theatrical and decorative art in general. The choice of image method in each individual case is determined by the specific content, genre and style of the work embodied on the stage.

The costumes of the actors, created by the artist in unity with the scenery, characterize the social, national, and individual characteristics of the heroes of the performance. They correspond in color with the scenery (“fit” into the overall picture), and in a ballet performance they also have a special “dance” specificity (they must be comfortable and light and emphasize dance movements).

With the help of lighting, not only a clear visibility (visibility, “readability”) of the scenery is achieved, but also various seasons and days, illusions of natural phenomena (snow, rain, etc.) are depicted. Color lighting effects are able to create a feeling of a certain emotional atmosphere of a stage action.

Theatrical and decorative art changes with the development of artistic culture as a whole. It depends on the dominant artistic style, on the type of dramaturgy, on the state of the fine arts, as well as on the arrangement of theater premises and stage, on lighting techniques, and many other concrete historical conditions.

A. M. Vasnetsov. Set design for the opera by N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov

1906.

A. M. Vasnetsov. Set design for the opera by N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov
"The legend of invisible city Kitezh and the maiden Fevronia.
1906.

Theatrical and decorative art in Russia reached a high level of development at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries, when outstanding artists came to the theater. They brought a great pictorial culture to the design of performances, achieved the artistic integrity of the stage action, the organic participation of fine art in it, the unity of scenery, lighting and costumes with dramaturgy and music. These were artists who first worked at the Mammoth Opera (V. M. Vasnetsov, V. D. Polenov, M. A. Vrubel and others), then at the Moscow Art Theater (V. A. Simov and others), in the imperial musical theaters (K. A. Korovin, A. Ya. Golovin), Diaghilev's "Russian Seasons" (A. N. Benois, L. S. Bakst, N. K. Roerich, etc.). A powerful stimulus for the development of theatrical and decorative art was given by the creative search for advanced stage direction (K. S. Stanislavsky, V. I. Nemirovich-Danchenko, V. E. Meyerhold, choreographers M. M. Fokin and A. A. Gorsky).

Artists are also involved in the creation of films, television plays, variety and circus performances. Spectacular arts are perceived by millions of viewers, and therefore the role of the artist is very responsible here.