I am Russian but I look like a Tatar. Question about Tatars: who are Bulgars and who are not? No one seems to need historians

Each nation has its own distinctive features, which allow almost without error to determine the nationality of a person. It is worth noting that the Asian peoples are very similar to each other, since all are descendants of the Mongoloid race. How can you define a Tatar? What is the difference between the appearance of the Tatars?

Uniqueness

Without a doubt, each person is unique, regardless of nationality. And yet there are certain common features that unite representatives of a race or nationality. Tatars are usually attributed to the so-called Altai family. This is a Turkish group. The ancestors of the Tatars were known as farmers. Unlike other representatives of the Mongoloid race, the Tatars do not have pronounced facial features.

The appearance of the Tatars and the changes that are now manifesting in them are largely caused by assimilation with the Slavic peoples. Indeed, among the Tatars, fair-haired, sometimes even red-haired representatives are sometimes found. This, for example, cannot be said about Uzbeks, Mongols or Tajiks. Do the eyes of the Tatars have features? They do not necessarily have a narrow slit in the eyes and dark skin. Are there any common features of the appearance of the Tatars?

Description of the Tatars: a bit of history

Tatars are among the most ancient and populous ethnic groups. In the Middle Ages, mention of them excited everyone around: in the east from the shores of the Pacific Ocean and to the Atlantic coast. A variety of scientists included references to this people in their writings. The mood of these notes was clearly polar: some wrote with rapture and admiration, while other scientists showed fear. But one thing united everyone - no one remained indifferent. It is quite obvious that it was the Tatars who had a huge impact on the course of development of Eurasia. They managed to create a distinctive civilization that influenced a variety of cultures.

In the history of the Tatar people there were both ups and downs. Periods of peace gave way to cruel times of bloodshed. The ancestors of modern Tatars took part in the creation of several strong states at once. Despite all the vicissitudes of fate, they managed to preserve both their people and their identity.

ethnic groups

Thanks to the works of anthropologists, it became known that the ancestors of the Tatars were not only representatives of the Mongoloid race, but also Europeans. It was this factor that led to the diversity in appearance. Moreover, the Tatars themselves are usually divided into groups: Crimean, Ural, Volga-Siberian, South Kama. The Volga-Siberian Tatars, whose facial features have the greatest signs of the Mongoloid race, are distinguished by the following features: dark hair, pronounced cheekbones, brown eyes, a wide nose, a fold over the upper eyelid. Representatives of this type are few.

The face of the Volga Tatars is oblong, the cheekbones are not too pronounced. The eyes are large and gray (or brown). Hump ​​nose, oriental type. The physique is correct. In general, the men of this group are quite tall and hardy. Their skin is not dark. Such is the appearance of the Tatars from the Volga region.

Kazan Tatars: appearance and customs

The appearance of the Kazan Tatars is described as follows: a strongly built strong man. From the Mongols, a wide oval of the face and a somewhat narrowed slit of the eyes are noticeable. The neck is short and strong. Men rarely wear a thick beard. Such features are explained by the fusion of Tatar blood with various Finnish peoples.

The marriage ceremony is not like a religious act. From religiosity - only reading the first chapter of the Koran and a special prayer. After marriage, a young girl does not immediately move to her husband's house: for another year she will live in her family. It is curious that her newly-made husband comes to her as a guest. Tatar girls are ready to wait for their lover.

Only a few have two wives. And in those cases when this happens, there are reasons: for example, when the first has already grown old, and the second - younger - now runs the household.

The most common Tatars of the European type - the owners of blond hair and bright eyes. The nose is narrow, aquiline or aquiline. Growth is not high - in women about 165 cm.

Peculiarities

In the character of a Tatar man, some features were noticed: diligence, cleanliness and hospitality border on stubbornness, pride and indifference. Respect for elders is what distinguishes the Tatars. It was noted that representatives of this people tend to be guided by reason, adapt to the situation, and are law-abiding. In general, the synthesis of all these qualities, especially diligence and perseverance, makes a Tatar man very purposeful. Such people are able to achieve success in their careers. The work is brought to the end, they have a habit of achieving their goal.

A purebred Tatar seeks to acquire new knowledge, showing enviable perseverance and responsibility. Crimean Tatars have a special indifference and calmness in stressful situations. Tatars are very curious and talkative, but during work they are stubbornly silent, apparently so as not to lose concentration.

One of the characteristics is self-esteem. It manifests itself in the fact that the Tatar considers himself special. As a result, there is a certain arrogance and even arrogance.

Cleanliness distinguishes Tatars. In their homes, they do not tolerate disorder and dirt. Moreover, this does not depend on financial capabilities - both rich and poor Tatars zealously monitor cleanliness.

My home is your home

Tatars are very hospitable people. We are ready to host a person, regardless of his status, faith or nationality. Even with a modest income, they show cordial hospitality, ready to share a modest meal with a guest.

Tatar women stand out with great curiosity. They are attracted by beautiful clothes, they watch people of other nationalities with interest, they follow fashion. Tatar women are very attached to their home, they devote themselves to raising children.

Tatar women

What an amazing creature - a Tatar woman! In her heart lies an immeasurable, deepest love for her loved ones, for her children. Its purpose is to bring peace to people, to serve as a model of peacefulness and morality. A Tatar woman is distinguished by a sense of harmony and special musicality. She radiates a certain spirituality and nobility of the soul. The inner world of a Tatar woman is full of riches!

Tatar girls from a young age are aimed at a strong, lasting marriage. After all, they want to love their husband and raise future children behind solid walls of reliability and trust. No wonder the Tatar proverb says: “A woman without a husband is like a horse without a bridle!” Her husband's word is law for her. Although witty Tatars complement - for any law, however, there is also an amendment! And yet these are devoted women who sacredly honor traditions and customs. However, do not expect to see a Tatar in a black veil - this is a stylish lady who has a sense of dignity.

The appearance of the Tatars is very well-groomed. Fashionistas in the wardrobe can see stylized things that emphasize her nationality. Here, for example, there are shoes that imitate chitek - national leather boots worn by Tatar girls. Another example is applications, where patterns convey the stunning beauty of the earth's flora.

And what's on the table?

A Tatar woman is a wonderful hostess, loving, hospitable. By the way, a little about the kitchen. The national cuisine of the Tatars is quite predictable in that the main dishes are often based on dough and fat. Even a lot of dough, a lot of fat! Of course, this is far from the healthiest food, although guests are usually offered exotic dishes: kazylyk (or dried horse meat), gubadiya (a puff pie with a wide variety of fillings, from cottage cheese to meat), talkysh-kaleva (an incredibly high-calorie dessert flour, butter and honey). You can drink all this rich treat with ayran (a mixture of katyk and water) or traditional tea.

Like Tatar men, women are distinguished by purposefulness and perseverance in achieving goals. Overcoming difficulties, they show ingenuity and resourcefulness. All this is complemented by great modesty, generosity and kindness. Truly, a Tatar woman is a wonderful gift from above!

Tatars by haplogroups or by race, briefly. Selective genetic studies have established that in different samples or villages, 34.1% of Tatars have the Scythian haplogroup R1a-Z2123. It is also important that this fossil Scythian does not fall into the ancestors of the Slavs of the haplogroup R1a, because the Z2123 subclade is not typical for the Slavs. It is rather typical for Karachay-Balkarians, Bashkirs, Tatars. R1a-Z93 is also the most common haplogroup among Tatars. It was also found among the ancient (fossil) Cimmerians, Scythians and Khazar and Barsil i.e. Barsil called "Bulgarians" but in fact bilar and heard and recorded by the Arabs in Balar and further transcribed into erroneous "Bulgarians", about which written by ABU HAMID AL GHARNATI .

Russians have practically no such Z93. In Russians and other Europeans, the most common are R1a-Z280 and R1a-M458. and so: Fossil Scythians have already found haplogroups R1a-Z645-Z93-Z2123 (Volga steppes of the Samara region), R1a-Z645 (Tuva), R1a-Z645-Z93 (Pazyryk Altai culture), as well as R1b-Z2103 (Samara region) and Q1a-F903 (Huns) (East Kazakhstan). The haplogroup R1a-Z645-Z93 was also found in Khazar fossils - see and. Once again: the Scythians, as the ancestors of a part of the Tatars, will definitely turn out to be different haplogroups - R1a, R1b, G2a, C, ("Mongolian) Q (Huno-Indian) and others. In any case, ethnic Russians from the Scythians of the haplogroup R1a-Z93 do not occur, And this is the main point!

The answer to the question why the Aryans (not Slavs) R1a-Z93 from the Southern Urals, from Arkaim left for India about 3600 years ago? The answer becomes clear if you look at the history of global catastrophes. 3600 years ago, one of the largest eruptions in the history of mankind, the volcano Santorini, aka Thera, in the Aegean Sea.

The haplogroup or DNA genes of Belarusian Tatars Q is on average 10% (called Amerindian or Hunnu), and now it is up to 95% in Siberian Kets, whose self-name is Dene, such as Apache Indians, Tlingit and others on the Dene. The same Q some Siberian Tatars reaches 40% , It would be useful to say that some Turkmen will have somewhere around 75%.

8.7% of Tatars with haplogroup R1b are paternal descendants of the Celts. Even more descendants of the Celts are found among the Bashkirs. About 20% are descendants of Finno-Ugric peoples with haplogroup I1. In fact, they are the descendants Volga Bulgars, i.e. bilar . The remaining 37% have different variants of the haplogroup C3, inherited from the Far Eastern Tatars, who gave the remnants of the descendants of the Scythian-Cimmerians and their name. And since it is their descendants that make up the relative majority, the history of the Tatars should be traced from the Mongol-Tatar, Hun origins. The question arises how these two genes ended up in the seemingly "Iranian-speaking" Scythians and Cimmerians? - if he remembers how the leaders of the Cimmerians killed themselves, (hara-kiri, a custom that was also among the Indians) from impotence will repel the Scythians, who apparently were also ruled by their own relatives, we can make an unambiguous conclusion that their leaders were people ruled as gods from the Hun tribe ! About haplogroup N

• Haplogroup N1-M231(xN1a-M128, xN1c-Tat) was the main haplogroup of the Hongshan culture (6500-5000 years ago) and later cultures of the same region, and N1c-Tat also appeared 3000 years ago. .
• Subclade N1a1a1a1a-L392 or N3a3′5 in specimen OLS10 (Kunda, Lääne-Viru) from the Estonian Iron Age (EstIA) is dated to 770–430 BC. BC, the subclade N3a3a is defined in two other EstIA specimens.
• N1a was found in an inhabitant of pile building No. 1 from the Serteya II site (Zhizhitsa archaeological culture of the Late Neolithic, 4300 years ago) and in a representative of the Pskov long mound culture from a burial mound with cremation in a possible Krivichi burial of the Devichi Gory burial ground near Lake Sennitsa (1200 years ago )

Each nation has its own distinctive features, which allow almost without error to determine the nationality of a person. It is worth noting that the Asian peoples are very similar to each other, since all are descendants of the Mongoloid race. How can you define a Tatar? What is the difference between the appearance of the Tatars?

Uniqueness

Without a doubt, each person is unique, regardless of nationality. And yet there are certain common features that unite representatives of a race or nationality. Tatars are usually attributed to the so-called Altai family. This is a Turkish group. The ancestors of the Tatars were known as farmers. Unlike other representatives of the Mongoloid race, the Tatars do not have pronounced facial features.

The appearance of the Tatars and the changes that are now manifesting in them are largely caused by assimilation with the Slavic peoples. Indeed, among the Tatars, fair-haired, sometimes even red-haired representatives are sometimes found. This, for example, cannot be said about Uzbeks, Mongols or Tajiks. Do the eyes of the Tatars have features? They do not necessarily have a narrow slit in the eyes and dark skin. Are there any common features of the appearance of the Tatars?

Description of the Tatars: a bit of history

Tatars are among the most ancient and populous ethnic groups. In the Middle Ages, mention of them excited everyone around: in the east from the shores of the Pacific Ocean and to the Atlantic coast. A variety of scientists included references to this people in their writings. The mood of these notes was clearly polar: some wrote with rapture and admiration, while other scientists showed fear. But one thing united everyone - no one remained indifferent. It is quite obvious that it was the Tatars who had a huge impact on the course of development of Eurasia. They managed to create a distinctive civilization that influenced a variety of cultures.

In the history of the Tatar people there were both ups and downs. Periods of peace gave way to cruel times of bloodshed. The ancestors of modern Tatars took part in the creation of several strong states at once. Despite all the vicissitudes of fate, they managed to preserve both their people and their identity.

ethnic groups

Thanks to the works of anthropologists, it became known that the ancestors of the Tatars were not only representatives of the Mongoloid race, but also Europeans. It was this factor that led to the diversity in appearance. Moreover, the Tatars themselves are usually divided into groups: Crimean, Ural, Volga-Siberian, South Kama. The Volga-Siberian Tatars, whose facial features have the greatest signs of the Mongoloid race, are distinguished by the following features: dark hair, pronounced cheekbones, brown eyes, a wide nose, a fold over the upper eyelid. Representatives of this type are few.

The face of the Volga Tatars is oblong, the cheekbones are not too pronounced. The eyes are large and gray (or brown). Hump ​​nose, oriental type. The physique is correct. In general, the men of this group are quite tall and hardy. Their skin is not dark. Such is the appearance of the Tatars from the Volga region.

Kazan Tatars: appearance and customs

The appearance of the Kazan Tatars is described as follows: a strongly built strong man. From the Mongols, a wide oval of the face and a somewhat narrowed slit of the eyes are noticeable. The neck is short and strong. Men rarely wear a thick beard. Such features are explained by the fusion of Tatar blood with various Finnish peoples.

The marriage ceremony is not like a religious act. From religiosity - only reading the first chapter of the Koran and a special prayer. After marriage, a young girl does not immediately move to her husband's house: for another year she will live in her family. It is curious that her newly-made husband comes to her as a guest. Tatar girls are ready to wait for their lover.

Only a few have two wives. And in those cases when this happens, there are reasons: for example, when the first has already grown old, and the second - younger - now runs the household.

The most common Tatars of the European type - the owners of blond hair and bright eyes. The nose is narrow, aquiline or aquiline. Growth is not high - in women about 165 cm.

Peculiarities

In the character of a Tatar man, some features were noticed: diligence, cleanliness and hospitality border on stubbornness, pride and indifference. Respect for elders is what distinguishes the Tatars. It was noted that representatives of this people tend to be guided by reason, adapt to the situation, and are law-abiding. In general, the synthesis of all these qualities, especially diligence and perseverance, makes a Tatar man very purposeful. Such people are able to achieve success in their careers. The work is brought to the end, they have a habit of achieving their goal.

A purebred Tatar seeks to acquire new knowledge, showing enviable perseverance and responsibility. Crimean Tatars have a special indifference and calmness in stressful situations. Tatars are very curious and talkative, but during work they are stubbornly silent, apparently so as not to lose concentration.

One of the characteristics is self-esteem. It manifests itself in the fact that the Tatar considers himself special. As a result, there is a certain arrogance and even arrogance.

Cleanliness distinguishes Tatars. In their homes, they do not tolerate disorder and dirt. Moreover, this does not depend on financial capabilities - both rich and poor Tatars zealously monitor cleanliness.

My home is your home

Tatars are very hospitable people. We are ready to host a person, regardless of his status, faith or nationality. Even with a modest income, they show cordial hospitality, ready to share a modest meal with a guest.

Tatar women stand out with great curiosity. They are attracted by beautiful clothes, they watch people of other nationalities with interest, they follow fashion. Tatar women are very attached to their home, they devote themselves to raising children.

Tatar women

What an amazing creature - a Tatar woman! In her heart lies an immeasurable, deepest love for her loved ones, for her children. Its purpose is to bring peace to people, to serve as a model of peacefulness and morality. A Tatar woman is distinguished by a sense of harmony and special musicality. She radiates a certain spirituality and nobility of the soul. The inner world of a Tatar woman is full of riches!

Tatar girls from a young age are aimed at a strong, lasting marriage. After all, they want to love their husband and raise future children behind solid walls of reliability and trust. No wonder the Tatar proverb says: “A woman without a husband is like a horse without a bridle!” Her husband's word is law for her. Although witty Tatars complement - for any law, however, there is also an amendment! And yet these are devoted women who sacredly honor traditions and customs. However, do not expect to see a Tatar in a black veil - this is a stylish lady who has a sense of dignity.

The appearance of the Tatars is very well-groomed. Fashionistas in the wardrobe can see stylized things that emphasize her nationality. Here, for example, there are shoes that imitate chitek - national leather boots worn by Tatar girls. Another example is applications, where patterns convey the stunning beauty of the earth's flora.

And what's on the table?

A Tatar woman is a wonderful hostess, loving, hospitable. By the way, a little about the kitchen. The national cuisine of the Tatars is quite predictable in that the main dishes are often based on dough and fat. Even a lot of dough, a lot of fat! Of course, this is far from the healthiest food, although guests are usually offered exotic dishes: kazylyk (or dried horse meat), gubadiya (a puff pie with a wide variety of fillings, from cottage cheese to meat), talkysh-kaleva (an incredibly high-calorie dessert flour, butter and honey). You can drink all this rich treat with ayran (a mixture of katyk and water) or traditional tea.

Like Tatar men, women are distinguished by purposefulness and perseverance in achieving goals. Overcoming difficulties, they show ingenuity and resourcefulness. All this is complemented by great modesty, generosity and kindness. Truly, a Tatar woman is a wonderful gift from above!

Igor Mikheev. Russians and Tatars - a test of symbiosis for strength

From the book of Igor Mikheev

RUSSIAN WAYS. BOOK II. Russia: between Scylla and Charybdis

In addition to the Russian and the remnants of the relic circumpolar superethnos, the boundaries of historical Russia included peoples belonging to the Turkic-Mongolian superethnos, whose area was originally the Great Steppe. Today the largest of them are Tatars and Bashkirs. Since the 14th century, the steppes have been merging into the Russian superethnos, which as a result is no longer Russian, but Russian. This is quite possible. Two superethnoi cannot coexist within the framework of one cultural and political integrity - competition flares up between them, which ends with the victory of the ethnocultural dominant of one of the two. But elements of one super-ethnos can be included in the structure of another if there is a cultural-psychological complementarity between them, associated, in particular, with their formation in one ethno-landscape zone. Among the Russians, such complementarity just showed up at the time of the formation of Russian statehood after the liberation from the Horde vassalage with the steppes of Eurasia. In addition, the Central Asian steppe proper ethnos has not existed as a cultural and political integrity for many centuries.

The nature of Russian relations with the Tatars and Bashkirs has been defined by the term symbiosis for many centuries. Which means, I repeat, the relatively conflict-free coexistence of different ethnic groups in one region, when each occupies its own ecological niche. A manifestation of complementarity, among other things, are common religious predilections. There is a common opinion that the Tatar faith is Islam. In fact, the primordial faith of the Kipchaks, from which the current Tatars were formed, and which were divided into three branches - the Cumans, the Volga Bulgars and the Nogai - Christianity. Some of their ancestors, who lived in the Black Sea, Caspian, Central Asia, accepted the Christian faith when Islam had not yet been born - in the 5th - at the beginning of the 6th century.

Islam among the Kipchaks was the first to be accepted in the 10th century by the Volga Bulgars, the ancestors of the present Kazan Tatars. At one time, this steppe people lived in the Caspian region, was pushed back by the Khazars to the Middle Volga in the 6th century, where they founded the city of New Bulgar. New, because the Bulgarians-Saragurs used to live there. In the new place, the Bulgars began to lead a partially sedentary life, actively engaged in trade, and adopted the Arab faith in 922 in order to find an ally to fight the Khazar Khaganate in the face of the Baghdad Caliphate. The caliphate did not help the Bulgars, as it was too far away and soon collapsed itself, Khazaria, where the Jews ruled, imposed tribute on the Bulgars, but the Islamic faith took root among them. After all, Islam in Arabia itself arose as the faith of merchants and shepherds. It is no coincidence that the Bulgars and their descendants - the Kazan Tatars were actively engaged in the slave trade, in contrast to the Orthodox Russians, where such a thing was considered unacceptable.

Cumans, the Russians called them Polovtsy, who lived in the steppe between the Volga and the Dnieper, they, by the way, in their anthropological type were similar to the Slavs - blue-eyed and fair-haired, as well as the legs, who roamed east of Yaik, remained partly pagans, partly Christians until the very 14th century. th century. Back in the 12th century, under Vladimir Monomakh, the westernmost Cumans, who roamed from the Don to the Carpathians, were included in Russia. The Russians called them "their nasty ones", distinguishing them from the "wild nasty ones" in the East. The word filthy did not have an offensive connotation at that time, it comes from the Latin " paganus ” and means in direct translation “pagan”. But gradually "their filthy" adopted Orthodoxy. Relations between the Polovtsy and the Russians were often allied, miscegenation and assimilation of the Polovtsy took place. When the Mongols in 1223 invaded the Polovtsian possessions, the Russian princes decided to defend the alliedPolovtsy and refused the proposal of the Mongolian ambassadors to break the Russian-Polovtsian alliance. In the tragic battle on the Kalka, the Russians and the Polovtsy fought together. After the defeat from Batu, the Russian princes turned out to be vassals of the Mongol khan, and the Kypchaks formed the core of the new state created by the Mongols - the Golden Horde.

In the horde at that time there was religious tolerance, numerous Orthodox Tatars were nourished by the Sarai diocese, established by the Russian metropolis at the headquarters of the Khan in the lower reaches of the Volga - Sarai. When, in the 14th century, Khan Uzbek decided to convert the entire horde to Islam, the Tatars - Christians, not wanting to renounce their original faith, went to Russia. Together with them, the Tatars - pagans, also left, since Khan Uzbek persecuted all non-Muslims. The latter in Russia accepted Orthodoxy, since this was a firm condition for entering the service of the Moscow Tsar. After the capture of Kazan by Ivan the Terrible in 1552, another part of the Tatars was baptized. Orthodox Tatars in the bulk assimilated as a result of miscegenation with Russians, but some retained Tatar ethno-cultural characteristics. Today in Russia live Orthodox Kryashen Tatars, Orthodox Kasimov and Nagaybak Tatars.

Thus, almost the majority of the descendants of the Kipchaks are Orthodox. Islam remained as an ethno-cultural dominant of the fate of the Kazan Tatars - the descendants of the Volga Bulgars and the Bashkirs. We will not sin against the truth and assert that the fall of these peoples under the rule of the Russian Tsar occurred voluntarily and bloodlessly.

However, the Bashkirs, divided between the Kazan and Siberian khanates, after the fall of Kazan preferred the power of the Mongol Khan Blue or otherwise, the Siberian horde, the power of the Russian tsar, and the Bashkir beys themselves in the second half of the 16th century asked for his hand. But Ivan the Terrible took Kazan by storm. However, after the fall of the Kazan Khanate, the Tatar murzas and even many ordinary warriors who adopted the Russian faith joined the Russian upper class, almost a third of the Russian nobility had Tatar roots. The Tatars who remained faithful to Islam were also not infringed. Otherwise, during the Time of Troubles, Tatar murzas would not have sent detachments of Tatar horsemen to help the Russian militia against the Poles and Swedes. The common historical destinies of the Volga Muslims with the Russians for half a millennium, their preservation of ethno-cultural identity proves the fruitfulness of this symbiosis for them.

Nevertheless, the ethnic complementarity of the Urus with the descendants of the Volga Bulgars - Kazan Tatars - merchants and city dwellers, is obviously less than with the descendants of the Kipchaks - steppe nomads. This was reflected in the period of the latest crisis of the Russian world. The Russian-Tatar symbiosis today is being seriously tested for strength. The weakening of Russian Russia at the end of the 20th century immediately brought to life the separatist aspirations of the Kazan Tatars. The city of Kazan, in which half of the population is Russian and which for 4 centuries was an example of the symbiosis of the Tatar and Russian communities

began to position itself as the only Tatar and Islamic. And this Tatar Muslim Kazan in the 90s openly did not pay taxes to the federal budget, and now, although formally it pays, it returns “its own” back through abundant subsidies. In fact, the Muslim Tatars did not shift the cares of the state to the Russians, which they no longer considered completely theirs. Tatar separatism is closely connected with the phenomena of political Turkism and political Islam, which we will discuss in more detail here.

Indicative is the activity of one of the most famous and influential, especially in the 90s, the Tatar national organizations VTOC - an all-Tatar public center that regularly delegated its representatives to the Supreme Council and the State Council of the Republic of Tatarstan.

Established at the end of the 80s, the WTOC throughout the entire period of its existence stood for Tatarstan independent of Russia, boycotted the elections to the all-Russian federal authorities in the 90s, did not recognize the 1994 Treaty between the Republic of Tatarstan and the Russian Federation. In the context of a deep crisis, experienced by Russian statehood at that time, WTOTS separatism reached extreme levels. He developed the "Military Doctrine of the Republic of Tatarstan", and even created the "National Guard". The independence of Tatarstan was justified by the fact that in the 16th century the Kazan Khanate was seized by Moscow by force. Numerous organizations of the Tatar national movement celebrate October 15, the day of the capture of Kazan by the enemy troops of Ivan the Terrible in 1552, as a day of remembrance.

The WTOC program, adopted in the late 1990s, also considers the consolidation of all the Turkic peoples of the Volga region and the Urals to be the most important task in the context of the establishment and development of the national sovereignty of the Tatar people. At the same time, consolidation should be expressed in the formation of such a political and cultural space that would ensure the future creation of the Turkic-Islamic state of Idel-Ural in the Volga-Ural region. In the 90s, one of the WTOTS plenums, demonstrating enviable sobriety and realism, declared the need to create a confederation on this territory, for starters. The idea of ​​the Idel-Ural state is warmly supported by the ideologists of all Tatar national organizations. Given that the existence of Russians and other Orthodox figures from the WTOTS on the Volga and the Urals simply do not notice, one can imagine our fate in the event that the aforementioned plans could be realized.

For the period of temporary forced stay of Tatarstan within Russia, among the requirements of the VTOC are the recognition of the Tatar language as the only state language of the Republic of Tatarstan, the creation of a separate Tatar higher school, and the transfer of the Tatar alphabet from Cyrillic to Latin. Outside of Tatarstan, the creation of exterritorial national-cultural autonomies in the regions of compact residence of Tatars, united within the framework of the Milli Majlis - the National Assembly of Tatars, conceived as a form of realization of national Tatar sovereignty. At the same time, the Mejlis should receive legislative rights in the national-cultural sphere and interact with the parliament of Tatarstan. At the all-Russian level, the idea of ​​creating a "chamber of nationalities" was also put forward, where each people would have one vote. Considering that Islamic experts themselves number 37 Muslim peoples in Russia, one can imagine how comfortable one Russian, representing almost 100 million tribesmen, would feel in this chamber. It is also noteworthy that the VTOC in the domestic political situation in Russia has always supported the so-called rightists - Gaidar and Chubais. It can be seen that the desire to spoil the Russians overpowers even the primordial Islamic anti-Semitism.

Let us note that the moods of the official leadership of Tatarstan do not differ much all these years from the moods inside the WTOC. Many of the WTOC initiatives were voiced by the regional authorities, while others can be said: what the members of the WTOC have in their language, the officials of Tatarstan have in mind. However, sometimes it breaks out of the language. It is noteworthy, for example, the statement of the Chairman of the State Council of Tatarstan Farid Mukhametshin in 2001 regarding the refusal of the Constitutional Court of Russia to allow switching to the Latin alphabet at the request of the State Council of Tatarstan: “Nothing! Soon all of Russia will switch to the Latin alphabet! Let's wait! At the same time, he recalled that the Constitution of the Russian Federation of 1993 was not adopted on the territory of Tatarstan.

The Kul Sharif mosque built in 2005 in Kazan became a symbol of anti-Russian overtones of the rise of Tatar-Islamic nationalism and Russian Islam, in general, the unity of the Turkic-Islamic elites, the clergy and the masses of believers in this matter. The largest mosque in Europe and one of the largest in the world not just built - in this case, God forbid, but it was recreated on the site of the legendary main mosque of the capital of the Kazan Khanate, destroyed during the storming of the city by the Russian troops of Ivan the Terrible. The name of the mosque, by the way, built with budget money - Kul Sharif is also very symbolic, unambiguous and meaningful - in honor of the imam, who organized the most fierce resistance to the troops of the Moscow kingdom, whose detachment killed most of the Russians.

It is noteworthy that when the Tatars of the Astrakhan region, at their congress in 2003, chose the name for the Tatar public association, they also settled on the symbolic "Khadzhi-Tarkhan" - the name of Astrakhan before its conquest by the Moscow kingdom.

But it is especially noteworthy that, in contrast to the 20s of the last century, political Islam and political Turkism set as their goal not only the creation of states separate from Russia - this has already been done in Central Asia, but also pursue goals unknown to Russia before - the acquisition of political power is not only in the Muslim regions of Russia, but also on an all-Russian scale. Thus, Islamic organizations, politicians and public figures are increasingly demanding the introduction of the post of vice president, assigned to the representative of the Ummah, and the establishment of a one-fifth quota for Muslims in federal and regional authorities, in particular, the authorities of Moscow and St. Petersburg. The size of the quota is determined taking into account the percentage of Muslims among the inhabitants of the country, which, of course, is overestimated.

By itself, the idea of ​​quotas is quite normal and has the right to exist. Especially, it would suit the Russians, who today find themselves in their own country as political pariahs. In this regard, it would be logical to start by fixing a quota for Russians in the Supreme Council and the State Council of Tatarstan, and the City Duma, and the Executive Committee of Kazan. In Tatarstan, there are about 40% of Great Russians, and about half of Orthodox Russians, Chuvashs, Mordovians, Maris, and more than half in Kazan itself. It is logical for them to secure the corresponding number of mandates in elected bodies and half of the administrative posts. However, needless to say, the Tatar-Islamic leaders do not stutter about this.

Here it should be borne in mind that the ideas of justice in the state structure of political Islam and Turkism are very peculiar. Kazakhstan is indicative. There, the share of Russians in the population in the early 90s was half, and in state authorities and administration - 10%. There are other equally eloquent examples. In Adygea, there are two-thirds of Russians, almost three times less Adyghes, approximately 24%, while the president is invariably Adyghe. When the Adyghe oligarch Khazret Sovmen became the local president in 2002, there were almost no Russians left in power in the republic, all leading positions were occupied by Muslims, and today less than half of Russian ministers are Russians.

At the same time, all the positions listed above would satisfy only a moderate part of the WTOTS, which are a supporter of Jadidism - a modernized Islamic tradition that seeks to combine Muslim values ​​​​with the achievements of the West in its doctrine. Jadidism became widespread in Tatar society at the beginning of the 20th century. It was developed by I. Gasprinsky mentioned above. It is believed that the values ​​of Jadidism are combined with the historical role of the Tatar people - to be a mediator in relations between East and West through the head of the Russians!

And there are also radicals who advocate the revival of the conservative Islamic tradition, close to fundamentalist movements, including Wahhabism. Other Tatar-Islamic organizations, for example, the Ittifak party, also gravitate here.

However, it is sometimes very difficult to understand where the line between radicals and moderates in the Russian Ummah lies. If someone thinks that only Wahhabis do not like us, and Hanbali Sunnism, to which the majority of Russian Muslims belong, is always and in everything our reliable ally in building a common Russian Eurasian home, this is an illusion. In this regard, for example, the program of the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of the Nizhny Novgorod Region, entitled "Scenarios for the political representation of the Ummah in the ruling circles of the Russian Federation and the urgent need for the unity of the Muslim community of the country," is noteworthy. Nobody ranks DUMNO as a radical organization, but how to perceive such, for example, the requirements put forward in this program to the federal authorities:

Partial legitimization of Islamic law (Sharia) in places of compact residence of Muslims, with the simultaneous creation of one or two spiritual centers that play the role of an arbitrator of the ummah before the state, and with the condition that the state does not interfere in the internal affairs of the ummah ... Or: Creation of the Ulema Council of Russia - to solve two main tasks: 1) discussion, formulation and dissemination in Muslim communities (mahallas) of fatwas - decisions on specific issues of Sharia, including family law, social and moral issues, etc.

As you can see, in fact, we are talking about the creation of legal parallel authorities. Illegal parallel structures already exist in many, and not only in the Caucasus, but in almost all regions of Russia. Most often they are called jamaats - from the Arabic "jamaa" - society, community. It is significant that the jamaats are led not by spiritual authorities - imams, but by amirs - military commanders, and their ultimate goal is the creation of a caliphate that includes the south of Russia, the Volga region, the Urals and southern Siberia. In the Caucasus, jamaats are organized into larger territorial structures - wilayats and the all-Caucasian emirate, which the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation recognized in February 2010 as a terrorist organization.

Yes, peace with the Volga and Ural Muslims is the most important condition for Russia's internal stability. On our side, firstly, the fact that in the territory of compact residence of Tatars and Bashkirs, miscegenation is widespread, and a significant part of the families are mixed. When Russian Russia weakens, these families remember their Tatar blood; when Russian Russia grows stronger, they feel themselves part of Russian Russia. Secondly, the ethnic affinity of these ethnic groups with the Turks of the same faith is very weak, and with the Arabs it is not at all. Iran is also not close to them culturally and religiously, since the Iranians are Shiites, and our Tatars are Sunnis. They accepted Islam as pagan barbarians, and the same Arabs and Iranians are still revered as barbarians. Russian Muslims are equal in Arab-Iranian the world will never recognize, even if they learned Arabic and Farsi. Moreover, Arab Wahhabism is alien to the Volga Muslims. Finally, thirdly, Russian culture is not afraid of competition from the Arab culture, which survived its heyday eight centuries ago. There is no need to talk about competition from, to put it mildly, not outstanding Turkish culture. All these are our serious trump cards.

We, however, know how the post-Soviet Russian political elite can easily turn any trump cards into dust. In addition, today in Russia there are many media resources that do not miss the opportunity to stealthily artificially incite discord between Orthodox Russian and indigenous Russian Muslims. So you need to keep your ears open.

If the Tatars and Bashkirs had moved away emotionally and culturally from the Russians and ceased to be part of the Russian superethnos, the latter, of course, would not have ceased to exist. However, given that the territory of the compact settlement of Tatars and Bashkirs - Tatarstan and Bashkortostan - are the interior regions of the country, a "divorce" would be very painful. Moreover, half of the urban population on the territory of both republics are Russians.

It is clear that we, the Russians, as a state-forming people, must make sure that our symbiosis continues to be strong, mutually beneficial and does not infringe on either our or the Tatar national dignity. This requires an open and thoughtful approach. The Muslim peoples of the Volga region should not be allowed to become isolated in their own ethnic environment. Their political, economic and intellectual elites should naturally incorporate into the all-Russian one. And we are interested that these national elites remain sober and pragmatic.

However, man proposes and God disposes. Orthodox and Muslims in Russia, indeed, have been able to get along for half a millennium. However, the first condition of this peace was by no means "friendship of peoples", but the power and strength, spiritual and military, of the Orthodox Russians. The experience of the 1990s clearly shows, and we must soberly realize, that no "friendship of peoples" by itself will keep the Volga Muslims in the Russian state. They will remain in it only as long as the Russians as a people have enough strength to perform the functions of a system-forming element of a complex national-state structure and maintain complete control over the country. And here, again, demographics are working against our long-term alliance. In the event of continued catastrophic depopulation in the Russian regions and a sharp change in the proportions of the Orthodox and Muslim population, we must be ready for a “divorce” sooner or later with the Volga Muslims. Lovely soul and infantilism in this matter are similar to death, as well as the continued stay in power of the current Russian political elite, in principle incapable of solving demographic, interfaith and interethnic problems. The catastrophe of the early 90s, when Russians were beaten around the entire perimeter of the collapsed USSR, when created by Russian engineers and workers at the cost of backwardness and poverty of the Russian regions proper, the industrial potential of the national republics must not be repeated. But now the mistakes made at that time are not even discussed.

The marriage of the Orthodox Russian and Islamic communities of Russia - the Muslims of the Volga region and the Urals has always remained a misalliance. And this was the guarantee of his strength. After all, as already mentioned above, a complexly structured system can be stable only if there is a clear dominance in it. The Volga and Ural Muslims assumed the role of a politically subdominant community due to the fact that the very proportions of the Russian Christian and Tatar Muslim population did not suggest anything else. But the fact of the matter is that today the situation is radically changing. Now our power and strength is in question. Russians are experiencing an acute crisis, and not only political and economic, but an identity crisis, a spiritual crisis. In the misalliance mentioned above, we seem to be in danger of reversing roles. But will the Muslims, if they turn into an “elder brother” for Orthodox Russians, leave us the right to their ethno-cultural and religious identity, what will be the boundaries of this identity and in what geographical area it will be allowed - a big question.

Replica from Stroev

At one of the events in March 2012 at the newly formed small parties, I happened to hear about the real state of affairs in Tatarstan. This autonomy traditionally gives a high percentage of votes for United Russia. The author of these lines, out of ignorance of the real situation, believed that we were talking about voting in the eastern satrapy. But, as it turned out, the situation there is more intricate. When the Luzhkov-Shaimiev project to create the Fatherland-All Russia party failed, local Tatar nationalists quickly assessed the prospects for the near future and ... quickly moved to United Russia, thereby creating their absolute majority there. Voting for United Russia in Tatarstan is not voting for Putin-Medvedev sitting in the Moscow Kremlin (the former, by the way, is not shyly called a "blue-eyed fascist" there).

In fact, this is a vote for themselves - for temporarily lying at the bottom of the Tatar nationalists, sitting today in the United Russia in the Kazan Kremlin. This is a purely situational and opportunistic vote - today it is for United Russia, and tomorrow, perhaps, for United Tatarstan. Moreover, voting with the same personal set of national elites in both party options ....

Why are Tatars more like Russians!? They actively mixed with you!? and got the best answer

Answer from Kaustik net[master]
If you answer exactly the question asked, that is, about the appearance of the Tatars, then they have the most diverse appearance - from the appearance of Rinat Dasaev to the appearance of the host "Let's get married!" (I forgot her name). Sometimes it seems that the ethnic group, which today is called Tatars, is a mechanical mixture of various tribes and peoples that have nothing in common with each other. If you go into recent history, then the ethnic core of modern Tatarstan is the Bulgars, a people who had their own statehood back in the days of the formation of the ancient Russian principalities. After the advent of the Mongols, the Golden Horde was formed on the Middle Volga, which absorbed both the Bulgars and a host of other, mostly Turkic-speaking peoples. The Kazan Khanate, which Ivan the Terrible took, was, in short, the last stage of the Golden Horde, a state formation, already held together by the common Tatar language (one of the languages ​​​​of the Kypchak language group) and a very mild version of the Muslim religion, which was brought here by merchants rising to Kazan from the south along the Volga. According to this, enicheski, the Tatars - yes, yes - a mixture of genetically distant peoples, and therefore the appearance is absolutely diverse. And it would be interesting to look at their markers and halogroups.

Answer from Mikhail Valuev[guru]
Are you interested in the details of interracial sex? I can give you an address on the net.

Answer from Olga Afonina[guru]
they actively mixed with everyone, but my eyes are blue

Answer from Paul[guru]
Based on the question, it was not the Tatars who actively mixed with the Russians, but the Russians actively "poked" the Tatars for as long as 300 years.

Answer from Marat Mamyashev[newbie]
Because the Turks + Finno-Ugric substratum, just like the Russians - Slavs + Finno-Ugric substratum.
Hence the genetic and phenotypic (external) similarity of points.

Answer from Argun[guru]
Only g is mixed ... in a chamber pot ... Judging by the question, you are as old as in the photo ... Then there is only one answer - study. Perhaps this process will lead to something ...

Answer from Boris N. Eroshkin[guru]
The fruits of the three-hundred-year-old Tatar-Mongolian yoke.

Answer from Without two minutes ambassador...[guru]
Yes, 300 years of kissing ....

Answer from Slava[guru]
Tatars always lived side by side with Russians, only the language was different, but the appearance was the same .... rather, the Kazanians of the Kazan kingdom .... it was later, for their resistance against Moscow aggression, Grozny called them Tatars .... (in Greek - people hell) and it went .... and then they were assimilated by mixing Muslims, bringing their appearance and religion .... but about the Mongols, who have never been close here - forget ....

Answer from Achon[guru]
What for whom? Whose will you be, serf?

Answer from Vladimir Gribov[guru]
What wise men we have. Real Russians love reliable people, and that explains everything.

Answer from Citizen Nikanorova[guru]
all with Svemi actively mixed. and it is right. life does not stand still. and professional zealots of blood purity burn in hell