Option 1

1. What literary direction dominated the literature of the second half of the 19th century?

A) romanticism B) sentimentalism

B) classicism D) realism

2. Specify the founders of the "natural school".

A) V.G. Belinsky, I.S. Turgenev B) M.Yu. Lermontov, F.I. Tyutchev

B) A. S. Pushkin, N. V. Gogol D) V. G. Belinsky, N. V. Gogol

3. Which of the Russian writers was called "Columbus of Zamoskvorechye"?

A) I.S. Turgenev B) L.N. Tolstoy

B) A.N. Ostrovsky D) F.M. Dostoevsky

4. The heroine of Ostrovsky's play "Thunderstorm", Kabanikha, was called:

A) Anna Petrovna B) Katerina Lvovna

B) Marfa Ignatievna D) Anastasia Semenovna

5. Indicate what artistic technique A.A. Fet uses in the selected phrases:

“Again the birds fly from afar / / To the shores that break the ice / / The warm sun walks high / / And fragrant lily of the valley waiting."

A) personification B) epithet

B) inversion D) allegory

6. The hero of what work was promised to God at birth, “he died many times and did not die”?

A) L.N. Tolstoy, "War and Peace", Prince Andrei B) I.S. Turgenev, "Fathers and Sons", Bazarov

B) A.N. Ostrovsky, "Thunderstorm", Katerina Kabanova D) N.S. Leskov, "The Enchanted Wanderer". Flyagin

7. In what work of Russian literature does the nihilist hero appear?

A) A.N. Ostrovsky "Forest" B) F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment"

B) I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons" D) I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov"

8. Katerina Izmailova is a heroine:

A) essay by N.S. Leskov “Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk district”

B) plays by A.N. Ostrovsky "Dowry"

C) the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment"

D) the novel by I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov"

A) A.N. Ostrovsky B) M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin

B) F.M. Dostoevsky D) L.N. Tolstoy

10. Which of the heroes of the novel "War and Peace" proposed to M. Kutuzov a plan for a guerrilla war?

A) Dolokhov B) Bolkonsky

B) Denisov D) Drubetskoy

11. What hero of "War and Peace" belongs to the statement "Chess is placed. The game starts tomorrow"?

A) Prince Andrew B) Napoleon

B) Emperor Alexander 1 D) M.I. Kutuzov

12. Which hero of the novel "Crime and Punishment" Razumikhin characterizes with the following words: "Gloomy, gloomy, arrogant and proud"?

A) Porfiry Petrovich B) Raskolnikov

B) Zosimova D) Svidrigailova

13. Indicate which of the heroes of Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace" is on the path of searching.

A) Platon Karataev B) Pierre Bezukhov

B) Fedor Dolokhov D) Anatole Kuragin

14. Which of the Russian poets owns the words “You may not be a poet, but you must be a citizen”?

A) A.S. Pushkin B) F.I. Tyutchev

B) N.A. Nekrasov D) M.Yu. Lermontov

15. What kind of literature should include the genres of the novel, story, short story?

A) lyrics B) epic

B) drama D) lyro-epic

16. What is the main character trait of Sonya Marmeladova (F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment")

A) sacrifice B) hypocrisy

B) frivolity D) love of freedom

17. Indicate which of the Russian writers is the author of the cycle "Frigate Pallada"?

A) L.N. Tolstoy B) I.A. Goncharov

18. Indicate which of the Russian critics called the heroine of A.N. Ostrovsky's drama "Thunderstorm" "a ray of light in a dark kingdom."

A) V.G. Belinsky B) N.G. Chernyshevsky

B) N.A. Dobrolyubov D) D.I. Pisarev

19. What is the name of the poet who was a supporter of "pure art".

A) A.S. Pushkin B) N.A. Nekrasov

B) A.A. Fet D) M.Yu. Lermontov

20. Indicate the correct name of the Kirsanovs' estate (I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons")

A) Berry B) Maryino

B) Zamanilovka D) Otradnoe

21. How was Dolokhov (L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace") punished for a joke with a quarterly?

A) expelled from St. Petersburg B) was not punished because he gave a bribe

B) demoted to the ranks D) was not punished, as he had support among those in power

22. Raskolnikov's theory (F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment") is

A) a rigorous scientific justification for dividing people into categories

B) the division of people into categories depending on their social affiliation, education

C) the division of people into categories: material and people themselves

23. Ivan Flyagin (N.S. Leskov "The Enchanted Wanderer") in his life was not

A) a babysitter B) a soldier

B) a gardener D) an artist

24. Name the works in which the motive of wandering plays an important role in organizing the plot:

A) "Thunderstorm", "The Enchanted Wanderer"

C) “Who should live well in Russia”, “The Man in the Case”

D) "Thunderstorm", "Man in a case"

Final test for the course grade 10 Option - 2

1. Indicate the writers of the second half of the 19th century, in the title of whose works there is a contrast.

A) A.N. Ostrovsky, I.S. Turgenev, M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin

B) I.S. Turgenev, F.M. Dostoevsky, L.N. Tolstoy

C) I.A. Goncharov, F.M. Dostoevsky, A.P. Chekhov

D) L.N. Tolstoy, N.S. Leskov, I.S. Turgenev

2. In the work of which poet was the impressionistic manner of depiction first used?

A) N.A. Nekrasov B) A.A. Fet

B) F.I. Tyutchev D) A.K. Tolstoy

A) A.N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm" B) L.N. Tolstoy "The Living Corpse"

B) F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment" D) N.S. Leskov "Lady Macbeth ..."

4. What artistic technique did the author use in this passage: “Blessed is the gentle poet, / / ​​In whom there is little bile, a lot of feeling // He is so sincere greetings / / Friends of calm art ..”

A) allegory B) antithesis

B) metaphor D) hyperbole

5. What are the main criteria for evaluating a personality in Leo Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace".

A) pride and pride B) naturalness and morality

B) nobility and kindness D) generosity and courage

6. Which of the Russian writers was sentenced to hard labor?

A) M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin B) F.M. Dostoevsky

B) A.I. Herzen D) N.A. Nekrasov

7. What literary type is depicted in the image of the Wild (A.N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm")?

A) the type of "little man" B) tyrant

B) type of "extra person" D) romantic hero

A) I.A. Goncharov B) M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin

B) N.A. Nekrasov D) A.P. Chekhov

9. Indicate what position the author takes in the epic novel "War and Peace".

A) a participant in ongoing events

B) a person who deeply experiences and comments on the events described

B) an impassive observer

D) a narrator who interrupts the story to tell the reader about himself

10. Indicate the name of the regiment in which Nikolai Rostov served (L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace").

A) Preobrazhensky B) Izmailovsky

B) Pavlogradsky D) Semenovsky

11. What kind of literature became dominant in the second half of the 19th century?

A) lyrics B) epic

B) drama D) lyro-epic

12. Indicate which of the Russian writers spoke of the need to "squeeze a slave out of yourself drop by drop."

A) I.A. Goncharov B) L.N. Tolstoy

B) A.P. Chekhov D) F.M. Dostoevsky

13. In the work of which writer is the type of “little man” shown for the first time?

A) Samson Vyrin in "The Stationmaster" by A.S. Pushkin

B) Akaki Akakievich in N.V. Gogol's "Overcoat"

C) Maxim Maksimych in "A Hero of Our Time" by M.Yu. Lermontov

D) Captain Tushin in "War and Peace" by L.N. Tolstoy

14. Agafya Pshenitsyna is a heroine:

A) the novel by I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons"

B) the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment" D

C) the novel by I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov"

D) the novel by L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace"

A) A.S. Pushkin B) F.I. Tyutchev

B) N.A. Nekrasov D) A.A. Fet

16. Which of the heroes of the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky asked the question “Am I a trembling creature or do I have the right”?

A) Sonya Marmeladova B) R. Raskolnikov

B) Pyotr Luzhin D) Lebezyatnikov

17. Indicate which of the Russian poets owns the poem "I met you - and all the past ..."

A) N.A. Nekrasov B) F.I. Tyutchev

B) A.S. Pushkin D) A.A. Fet

18. Name the “happy” person in N.A. Nekrasov’s poem “Who should live well in Russia”.

A) Savely B) Matryona Korchagin

B) Grigory Dobrosklonov D) Ermil Girin

19. Indicate that the teacher Belikov taught, the character of the story "The Man in the Case" by A.P. Chekhov.

A) geography B) literature

B) the Greek language D) the law of God

20. In the novel "War and Peace" there are positive characters who have reached the pinnacle of moral and spiritual development. One of them is Kutuzov, the other is

A) Pierre Bezukhov B) Andrei Bolkonsky

B) Platon Karataev D) Vasily Denisov

21. What miscalculations did Raskolnikov (F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment") make during the murder of the old woman?

A) forgot to close the door of the apartment B) left the hat at the crime scene

B) forgot to take the crime weapon D) stained with blood

22. The genre definition of "epic novel" means:

A) a novel about the ideological and moral quest of the individual, associated with the fate of the nation

B) a novel in which there is not one, but several central characters, and among other characters there are historical figures

C) a novel dedicated to a historical event that affects the fate of the country

23. The turning point in the life of Ivan Flyagin (N.S. Leskov "The Enchanted Wanderer") comes when

A) he recognizes himself as a great sinner and wants to atone for his guilt by suffering

B) he renounces faith and stops praying

C) because of his fault a person dies

24. The following character is not related to the story "The Man in the Case" by A.P. Chekhov

A) Gurov B) Kovalenko

B) Burkin D) Belikov

Final test for the course grade 10 Option - 3

1. Indicate the reasons for the changes in the character of D.I. Startsev (A.P. Chekhov "Ionych").

A) the influence of his bride B) the influence of the environment

B) the influence of parents D) the profession of a doctor

2. Indicate to which literary direction the epic novel by L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace" should be attributed.

A) romanticism B) classicism

B) sentimentalism D) realism

3. Indicate the work of A.P. Chekhov, which is a lyrical comedy.

A) "Man in a case" B) "Bear"

B) "Seagull" D) "Lady with a dog"

4. Indicate which of the writers owns the statement "There is no greatness where there is no simplicity, goodness and truth."

A) M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin B) L.N. Tolstoy

B) F.M. Dostoevsky D) A.P. Chekhov

5. Indicate where the main action of I.A. Goncharov's novel "Oblomov" takes place.

A) Petersburg B) city NN

B) Moscow D) Oblomov's Tula estate

6. Which of the heroes of the novel "Crime and Punishment" is disturbed by dreams?

A) Lebezyatnikov B) Luzhin

B) Sonya D) Svidrigailov

7. Which character in the Chekhov story belongs to the following remark “The Little Russian language resembles ancient Greek with its tenderness and pleasant sonority”

A) Belikov (“Man in a Case”) B) Ochumelov (“Chameleon”)

B) Turkin ("Ionych") D) Ippolit Ippolitich ("Teacher of Literature")

8. What is the name of the writer who was an artillery officer and took part in the defense of Sevastopol in 1854.

A) I.A. Goncharov B) F.M. Dostoevsky

B) L.N. Tolstoy D) I.S. Turgenev

9. Indicate the second name of the Gogol trend in literature.

A) pure art B) decadence

B) natural school D) socialist realism

10. Indicate which of the listed compositional parts is optional.

A) prologue B) climax

B) tie D) denouement

11. How was the development of the action characteristic of Chekhov's plays called in the Art Theater?

A) "turbulent flow" B) "undercurrent"

B) "stream of consciousness" D) "invisible life"

12. What theme is predominant in the work of N.A. Nekrasov?

A) the theme of the city B) love

B) loneliness D) citizenship

13. Indicate which of the Russian writers owns the words that "beauty will save the world."

A) F.M. Dostoevsky B) I.A. Bunin

B) L.N. Tolstoy D) A.P. Chekhov

14. What vice does A.P. Chekhov denounce in the story "Ionych"?

A) spiritual emptiness B) servility

B) veneration D) hypocrisy

A) N.A. Nekrasov “Who should live well in Russia” B) N.S. Leskov “The Enchanted Wanderer”

B) A.N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm" D) I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov"

16. In which of the following works does the action take place against the background of the Volga panorama?

A) The Cherry Orchard B) Dead Souls

B) "Thunderstorm" D) "Gooseberry"

17. Indicate to whom the following lines from N.A. Nekrasov’s poem are dedicated: “A naive and passionate soul, / / ​​In whom beautiful thoughts boiled, / / ​​Persevering, worrying and hastening, / / ​​You honestly walked towards one, high goal ... "

A) N.G. Chernyshevsky B) V.G. Belinsky

B) N.V. Gogol D) M.Yu. Lermontov

18. Indicate to which literary direction the epic novel by L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace" can be attributed.

A) classicism B) romanticism

B) realism D) sentimentalism

19. Indicate what is the social status of Marfa Ignatievna Kabanova (A.N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm")

A) bourgeois B) peasant

B) noblewoman D) merchant's wife

20. What literary device was used by the author in this passage: “The Neva swelled and roared / / Boiled and swirled like a cauldron ...”

A) grotesque B) allegory

B) personification D) comparison

21. Oblomov's dream (I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov") is

A) the history of the Oblomov family

B) a realistic depiction of a Russian village from the time of serfdom

C) a poetic picture of Russian life, where reality and a fairy tale are mixed

22. A statement containing a factual error (LN Tolstoy "War and Peace").

A) Tolstoy compares the maid of honor A.P. Sherer with the mistress of a spinning workshop

B) the heroic deed of Prince Andrei determined the outcome of the Battle of Austerlitz

C) Danilo Kupor is a dance that is danced on the name day of the Rostovs

23. For Ivan Flyagin (N.S. Leskov "The Enchanted Wanderer"), the following of these qualities is characteristic

A) indifference B) innocence

B) indifference D) arrogance

24. Name the works in which there are heroes whose images go back to the images of epic heroes

A) "The Enchanted Wanderer", "About Love"

B) "The Enchanted Wanderer", "Who Lives Well in Russia"

C) “Who should live well in Russia”, “Thunderstorm”

D) "Thunderstorm", "About love"

Final test for the course grade 10 Option - 4

1. Why did A.P. Chekhov call his play "The Cherry Orchard" a comedy?

A) funny story B) farcical situations

B) a comical ending D) the claims of the characters contradict their capabilities

2. Indicate which of the Russian writers owns the words “Russia cannot be understood with the mind, cannot be measured with a common yardstick ...”

A) A.K. Tolstoy B) A.A. Fet

B) A.S. Pushkin D) F.I. Tyutchev

3. Indicate which of the Russian writers took part in the defense of Sevastopol.

A) F.M. Dostoevsky B) F.I. Tyutchev

B) L.N. Tolstoy D) I.A. Goncharov

4. Indicate which of the Russian poets owns the words "You may not be a poet, but you must be a citizen."

A) A.A. Fet B) N.A. Nekrasov

B) F.I. Tyutchev D) A.K. Tolstoy

5. Indicate which of the named works is not included in the cycle "Notes of a Hunter" by I.S. Turgenev.

A) "Raspberry Water" B) "Singers"

B) Mumu D) Biryuk

6. Indicate to whom the novel by I.S. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons” was dedicated.

A) N.G. Chernyshevsky B) V.G. Belinsky

B) N.A. Nekrasov D) A.A. Grigoriev

7. Which of the Russian writers served hard labor in the Omsk jail?

A) N.G. Chernyshevsky B) F.M. Dostoevsky

B) M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin D) N.A. Nekrasov

8. Name the writer who circumnavigated the world aboard the Pallada frigate

A) I.S. Turgenev B) L.N. Tolstoy

B) I.A. Goncharov D) A.P. Chekhov

9. Enter the name of the writer who made the trip to Sakhalin Island.

A) L.N. Tolstoy B) A.P. Chekhov

B) I.A. Goncharov D) M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin

10. What is the name of a writer who is not a native of Moscow.

A) A.S. Pushkin B) F.M. Dostoevsky

B) M.Yu. Lermontov D) A.P. Chekhov

11.Choose the correct sequence for changing one literary direction to another.

A) sentimentalism, romanticism, classicism, realism, modernism

B) modernism, romanticism, realism, sentimentalism, classicism

C) classicism, sentimentalism, romanticism, realism, modernism

D) realism, classicism, sentimentalism, romanticism, modernism

12. The favorite genre of poetry of N.A. Nekrasov is:

A) ode B) elegy

B) ballad D) message

13. Name a poet in whose work the poem "Prophet" is not found

A) A.S. Pushkin B) N.A. Nekrasov

B) M.Yu. Lermontov D) F.I. Tyutchev

14. What does L.N. Tolstoy mean by the concept of “people”?

A) all workers who create wealth

B) serfs working on the land

C) the totality of representatives of all social groups and estates, showing spirituality, patriotism

D) artisans, artisans

15. Which of the heroes of L.N. Tolstoy's novel “War and Peace! Do the words “One must live, one must love, one must believe” belong?

A) Andrei Bolkonsky B) Pierre Bezukhov

B) Nikolai Rostov D) Platon Karataev

16. What is the name of the highest point in the development of the plot of a literary work?

A) hyperbole B) exposure

B) grotesque D) climax

17. Indicate what determines the activity of Lopakhin in A.P. Chekhov's comedy "The Cherry Orchard".

A) the desire to ruin Ranevskaya and appropriate her fortune

B) the desire to take revenge on the owners who fell into poverty

C) an attempt to help Ranevskaya improve her financial situation

D) a dream to destroy the cherry orchard, reminding him of a difficult childhood

18. Indicate the work, in the plot of which there is no episode of the duel.

A) A.S. Pushkin "Shot" B) A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit"

B) L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace" D) M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time"

19. Identify the author and the work by the closing words: “No matter how passionate, sinful, rebellious heart hides in the grave, the flowers growing on it look serenely at us with their innocent eyes; not about one eternal peace of "indifferent" nature; they also speak of eternal reconciliation and endless life.

A) M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time" B) F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment

B) L.N. Tolstoy “War and Peace” D) I.S. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons”

20. What artistic technique does A.A. Fet use in the following passage: “This is morning, this joy,//This power of both day and light,//This blue vault,//This cry and strings,//These flocks, these birds, / / ​​This dialect of waters ... "

A) personification B) anaphora

B) antithesis D) epithet

21. Bazarov (I.S. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons”) tells Arkady about his father: “The same eccentric as yours, only in a different way.” Fathers are similar in that they

A) close in age and social status

B) love nature, music and poetry

C) love their sons and strive to keep up with the century

22. In N.A. Nekrasov’s poem “Who Lives Well in Russia” there are the following characters:

A) Ermil Girin, Kuligin, Yakim Nagoi B) Ermil Girin, Utyatin, Yakim Nagoi

B) Yakim Nagoi, Kudryash, Utyatin D) Feklusha, Utyatin, Kuligin

23. In the concept of Leskov, the next of the parties to the concept of “righteous” is not considered.

A) the ability to be content with little, but never act against conscience

B) religious detachment from earthly passions, serving God

C) the ability of an ordinary person to self-sacrifice.

24. The following problem does not rise in the story "Gooseberry" by A.P. Chekhov

A) the relationship between man and nature

B) personality degradation

C) personal responsibility for what is happening in the world

D) Russian intelligentsia

Municipal Autonomous General Educational Institution Secondary School No. 1 of Mikhailovsk

Annual examination in literature Grade 10

(according to the textbook by V.I. Sakharov, S.A. Zinin)

Compiled by: Abramova M.S.

2015

EXPLANATORY NOTE

The purpose of the teacher's activity: to determine the boundaries of knowledge and "ignorance" among tenth graders, the level of the studied material.

Planned educational results:

subject: knowledge of the biographical and historical and cultural context of the studied works;

knowledge and understanding of the text of specific works; mastering the basics of literary theory and the ability to competently use literary terminology; testing the skills of analysis and interpretation of works of the corresponding genre.

Metasubject: the ability to understand the goals of educational activities; the ability to set a goal and organize its achievement; ability to rulemaking; reflective thinking, introspection and self-assessment; the presence of control and evaluation independence as the basis of educational competence.

Personal: a positive attitude to the correct, accurate and rich written language as an indicator of the general culture of a person; the desire for speech self-improvement.

The work is designed for 2 academic hours, consists of two options. Questions are arranged in order of increasing complexity - from test tasks with and without answer options to an advanced level task with a detailed answer (essay), which tests the ability to create your own statement based on the text you read.

Tasks 1-13 are evaluated with one point.

Tasks 14-21 are worth two points.

Task 22 is evaluated according to the essay criteria for the exam (taking into account the time limit, only one argument is taken to solve the problem).

K1 - problem statement (1 point or 0 points)

K2 - commentary on the formulated problem of the original text (2-1-0 points)

K4 - argumentation of one's own opinion (2 points - one argument from fiction; 1 point - one argument from life experience; 0 points - no argument)

Composition (2-1-0 points)

Thus, the maximum number of points for the entire work is 37 points. Based on the points scored, the percentage of work completed is calculated and translated into a mark on a five-point scale.

OPTION 1

Exercise 1 . Which element of the composition of a work of art is optional?

A) plot B) epilogue

B) climax D) denouement

Task 2 . Indicate to which literary direction the work of such writers as F.M. Dostoevsky, L.N. Tolstoy, A.P. Chekhov can be attributed

A) realism B) sentimentalism

B) romanticism D) classicism

Task 3 . What literary genre does the work of A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin"

A) a poem B) a novel in verse

B) novel D) elegy

Task 4. What is the main motive in the work of M.Yu. Lermontov:

A) envy B) loneliness

B) freedom D) fatigue

Task 5. What is the name of the cycle of works, which includes N. Gogol's story "The Overcoat"?

A) "Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka" B) "Petersburg Tales"

B) Mirgorod D) "Arabesques"

Task 6 . The culmination of "Thunderstorm" can be considered the episode:

A) Katerina’s separation from Tikhon B) meeting with Boris

B) Katerina’s confession to the inhabitants of the city of infidelity D) farewell to Boris

Task 7. What prevents Oblomov from being an active person?

A) poverty B) lack of purpose

B) illness D) upbringing and patterns of life

Task 8. The main theme of the cycle "Notes of a hunter":

A) Russian nature B) relationships in the peasant environment

B) the relationship between peasants and landowners D) the theme of peasant life

Task 9. The basis of the conflict of the novel "Fathers and Sons" is:

a) a quarrel between Bazarov and P.P. Kirsanov

b) the struggle between bourgeois-noble liberalism and revolutionary democrats

c) the struggle between the liberal monarchists and the people

Task 10 . In the work of which Russian writer is the tale style of narration most often found?

A) I.S. Turgenev B) N.S. Leskov

B) L.N. Tolstoy D) A.P. Chekhov

Task 11 . Indicate the genre of the work of N. Nekrasov "Who in Russia should live well."

A) drama B) epic novel

B) story D) epic poem

Task 12 . What does Raskolnikov want to prove by the murder of the old pawnbroker?

A) that he also has the right to enrichment; B) that there is no legality at all in Russia;

B) that he belongs to the category of “having the right” D) that the old woman is useless, no one needs

and even a harmful creature

Task 13 . How long does the action of Leo Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace" last (in general)?

A) 10 years B) 7 years

B) 25 years D) 15 years

Task 14 . What is the name of the highest point in the development of the plot of a literary work?

Task 15. What kind of literature should include the genres of the novel, short story and short story?

Task 16 . Which of the Russian poets, following V.A. Zhukovsky, repeated the expression “the genius of pure beauty”?

Task 17. What prose work by M.Yu. Lermontov would fit the following lines as an epigraph?

Sadly, I look at our generation!

His future is either empty or dark,

Meanwhile, under the burden of knowledge and doubt

It will grow old in inaction.

Task 18. What was the name of the play that brought A.N. Ostrovsky fame?

Task 19 . Why does Porfiry Petrovich in F.M. Dostoevsky's novel "Crime and Punishment" not arrest Raskolnikov, although he is sure that it is he who is the killer of the old woman?

Task 20. In whom does Tolstoy see the decisive force of history?

Task 21. Indicate which trope A. Fet used in this passage:
... The forest woke up

All woke up, each branch,

Startled by every bird

And full of spring thirst ...

Task 22. What problems are raised in their works by writers and poets of the 19th century? (Choose one work by one author). Write an essay (at least 100 words) on one problem of one work. Rely on the author's position and formulate your point of view. Argument your thesis based on literary works. Consider the composition of the essay.

OPTION 2

Exercise 1 . Indicate the correct definition of the concept of "conflict" in a literary work:

A) A certain organization, construction and arrangement of parts, images, episodes of a work of art;

B) The clash of characters and circumstances, views and principles of life, which is the basis of the action;

C) the subject of an artistic image;

D) Emotional and evaluative attitude of the writer to the narrated.

Task 2. Indicate to which literary direction the work of such writers as I.S. Turgenev, I.A. Goncharov, F. Dostoevsky can be attributed?

A) realism B) sentimentalism

B) romanticism D) classicism

Task 3. Indicate to what type of literary heroes Eugene Onegin can be attributed.

A) "little man" B) "humiliated and offended"

B) reasoner D) "extra person"

Task 4. Indicate what work made the name of M.Yu. Lermontov famous:

A) "Sail" B) "Masquerade"

B) "A Hero of Our Time" D) "The Death of a Poet"

Task5. What genre does the work of N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls" belong to:

A) a poem B) a short story

B) novel D) story

Task 6. Katerina Kabanova (the heroine of A. Ostrovsky's drama "Thunderstorm") confesses her sin in public to Tikhon. What made her do this?

A) a sense of shame B) pangs of conscience and a desire to atone for one’s guilt before God by confession

B) fear of the mother-in-law D) desire to leave with Boris

Task 7. What theme is predominant in the work of N. Nekrasov?

A) city theme B) love theme

B) the theme of loneliness D) the theme of citizenship

Task 8. Indicate in the work of which Russian writer the hero-righteous appears:

A) L.N. Tolstoy B) N.A. Nekrasov

B) N.S. Leskov D) F.M. Dostoevsky

Task 9. To what type of literary heroes can I.I. Oblomov be attributed?

A) the type of "little person" B) the type of "extra person"

B) hero-resonator D) hero-lover

Task 10. What moment in the biography of Yevgeny Bazarov became a turning point in his awareness of his personality:

A) Love for Odintsova. B) Break with Arkady. C) Dispute with P.P. Kirsanov. D) Visiting parents.

Task 11. Indicate which fairy tale was not written by M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin:

A) "Three Bears" B) "Konyaga"

B) "Bear in the Voivodeship" D) "Eagle Patron"

Task 12. Which definition of F.M. Dostoevsky's novel "Crime and Punishment" best matches its character:

A) crime novel B) adventure novel

B) socio-psychological, philosophical D) love story

Task 13. What event is the climax of "War and Peace"?

A) Natasha Rostova's first ball B) Peace of Tilsit

B) Patriotic War of 1812 D) Soviet in Fili military events of 1805

Task 14. What kind of literature should include the genres of comedy, vaudeville, tragedy?

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 15. What is the name of the event from which the action begins and due to which subsequent events arise in the development of the plot of a work of art?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 16 . A.S. Pushkin wrote:

We honor all zeros,
And units - themselves.
We all look at Napoleons;
There are millions of bipedal creatures
For us, one tool ...

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 17. Indicate from which work of M.Yu. Lermontov the lines are taken: “Yes, there were people in our time, not like the current tribe, you are heroes ...”

Task 18. Indicate what artistic technique A. Fet uses in the highlighted phrases:

Again the birds fly from afar

To the shores that break the ice

The sun is warm walks high

And fragrant lily of the valley waiting.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 19. What ends the wanderings of Ivan Flyagin from the story of N.S. Leskov "The Enchanted Wanderer"

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 20. The symbolism of color plays a big role in the novel Crime and Punishment. What color prevails in the description of St. Petersburg by F. M. Dostoevsky?

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 21. Which of the heroes of the novel by L.N. Tolstoy owns the following words:

We must live, we must love, we must believe.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 22. What problems are raised in their works by writers and poets of the 19th century? (Choose one work by one author).

Write an essay (at least 100 words) on one problem of one work. Rely on the author's position and formulate your point of view. Argument your thesis based on literary works. Consider the composition of the essay.

KEYS.

Option 1.

1B

2A

3B

4B

5V

6B

7B

8B

9B

10V

11G

12B

13G

14 climax

15 epic

16 A.S. Pushkin

17 Hero of Our Time

18 Let us count our people.

19. He believes that Raskolnikov himself can confess his crime, thereby expiating his guilt and

cleansing the soul.

20. Popular

21. impersonation

Option 2.

1B

2A

3G

4G

5A

6B

7G

8B

9B

10A

11A

12B

13b

14 drama

15 string

16 War and Peace

17 Borodino

18 epithet

19 Goes to a monastery, but still dreams of serving the Fatherland in the war.

20 yellow

21 Pierre

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

1) Balashova E.K., Kostin A.M. Literature: Preparation for the state centralized testing. - Saratov: Lyceum, 2003.

2) Meshcheryakova M.I. Literature in tables and diagrams. 11th edition - M.: Iris-press, 2012.

3) Smirnova V.T., Kovalenko E.A. Literature. Intensive course of preparation for the Unified State Examination. - 2nd ed. - M .: Iris-press, 2005.

plot and composition. Stages of plot development

I. Plot - the whole system of actions and interactions that are consistently combined in a work.

1. Plot elements (stages of action development, plot composition)

EXPOSURE- background, depiction of the characters and circumstances that prevailed before the start of the development of the main storyline.

STRING- the starting point for the development of the main storyline, the main conflict.

DEVELOPMENT OF ACTION- part of the plot between the plot and the climax.

CULMINATION- the highest point in the development of action, the tension of the conflict before the final denouement.

DENOUNCING- completion of the plot, resolution (or destruction) of the conflict.

2. NON-STORY ELEMENTS

At the beginning of the work

• TITLE
• DEDICATION
• EPIGRAPH- a quotation from another work, placed by the author before his own work or part of it.
• FOREWORD, INTRODUCTION, PROLOGUE

• LYRICAL DIGRESSION- deviation from the plot in a lyrical-epic or epic work.
• HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL REASONING
• INSERT STORY, EPISODE, SONG, POEM
• REMARK- author's explanations in a dramatic work.
• AUTHOR'S NOTE

• EPILOGUE, AFTERWORD- the final part of the work after the completion of the main plot, which tells about the further fate of the characters.

• The arrangement of its parts in a certain system and sequence. In the epic - text fragments, chapters, parts, volumes (books), in the lyrics - stanzas, poems; in drama - phenomena, scenes, actions (acts).

• The ratio of storylines.
• The ratio of storylines and non-story elements.
• Story composition.
• Artistic means of creating images.
• The system of images (characters).

Exposition - time, place of action, composition and relationships of characters. If the exposition is placed at the beginning of the work, it is called direct, if in the middle - delayed.

Omen- hints that foreshadow the further development of the plot.

The tie is an event that provokes the development of a conflict.

Conflict - the opposition of heroes to something or someone. This is the basis of the work: there is no conflict - there is nothing to talk about. Types of conflicts:

• human (humanized character) versus human (humanized character);
• man against nature (circumstances);
• man against society;
• man against technology;
• man against the supernatural;
• man against himself.

Growing action- a series of events that originates from the conflict. The action builds up and culminates at the climax.

Crisis - the conflict reaches its peak. The opposing sides meet face to face. The crisis takes place either immediately before the climax, or simultaneously with it.

The climax is the result of a crisis. Often this is the most interesting and significant moment in the work. The hero either breaks down or grits his teeth and prepares to go all the way.

Downward action- a series of events or actions of heroes leading to a denouement.

The denouement - the conflict is resolved: the hero either achieves his goal, or is left with nothing, or dies.

Why is it important to know the basics of storytelling?

Because over the centuries of the existence of literature, mankind has developed a certain scheme for the impact of a story on the psyche. If the story does not fit into it, it seems sluggish and illogical.

In complex works with many storylines, all of the above elements may appear repeatedly; moreover, the key scenes of the novel are subject to the same laws of plot construction: let us recall the description of the Battle of Borodino in War and Peace.

Plausibility

Transitions from the plot to the conflict and to its resolution must be believable. You can’t, for example, send a lazy hero on a journey just because you want to. Any character should have a good reason to do one way or another.

If Ivanushka the Fool mounts a horse, let him be driven by a strong emotion: love, fear, a thirst for revenge, etc.

Logic and common sense are needed in every scene: if the hero of the novel is an idiot, he can, of course, go to a forest infested with poisonous dragons. But if he is a reasonable person, he will not go there without a serious reason.

god from the machine

The denouement is the result of the actions of the characters and nothing else. In ancient plays, all problems could be solved by a deity lowered onto the stage on strings. Since then, the ridiculous ending, when all conflicts are eliminated by the waving of the wand of a sorcerer, angel or boss, has been called "God from the machine." What suited the ancients only irritates the contemporaries.

The reader feels deceived if the heroes are just lucky: for example, a lady finds a suitcase with money just when she needs to pay interest on a loan. The reader respects only those heroes who deserve it - that is, they did something worthy.

Composition is the construction of a work of art. It is the composition that determines the effect that the text has on the reader, since the doctrine of composition says: it is important not only to be able to tell amusing stories, but also to correctly present them.

It gives different definitions of composition, in our opinion, the simplest definition is as follows: composition is the construction of a work of art, the arrangement of its parts in a certain sequence.
Composition is the internal organization of a text. Composition is about how the elements of the text are arranged, reflecting the different stages of the development of the action. The composition depends on the content of the work and the goals of the author.

Stages of action development (composition elements):

Composition elements- reflect the stages of development of the conflict in the work:

Prologue - introductory text that opens the work, anticipating the main story. As a rule, thematically related to the subsequent action. Often it is the "gate" of the work, that is, it helps to penetrate the meaning of the further narrative.

exposition- the prehistory of the events underlying the work of art. As a rule, the exposition provides a description of the main characters, their arrangement before the start of the action, before the plot. The exposition explains to the reader why the hero behaves in this way. Exposure can be direct or delayed. direct exposure is located at the very beginning of the work: an example is the novel The Three Musketeers by Dumas, which begins with the history of the D'Artagnan family and the characteristics of the young Gascon. delayed exposure is placed in the middle (in the novel by I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov" the story of Ilya Ilyich is told in "Oblomov's Dream", that is, almost in the middle of the work) or even at the end of the text (the textbook example of Gogol's "Dead Souls": information about Chichikov's life before arrivals in the provincial town are given in the last chapter of the first volume). Delayed exposure gives the work a mystery.

The plot of the action is an event that becomes the beginning of an action. The plot either reveals an already existing contradiction, or creates, “sets up” conflicts. The plot in "Eugene Onegin" is the death of the protagonist's uncle, which forces him to go to the village and enter into an inheritance. In the story of Harry Potter, the plot is a letter of invitation from Hogwart, which the hero receives and thanks to which he learns that he is a wizard.

The main action, the development of actions - the events that the characters take after the beginning and before the climax.

climax(from the Latin culmen - peak) - the highest point of tension in the development of action. This is the highest point of the conflict, when the contradiction reaches its greatest limit and is expressed in a particularly acute form. The climax in "The Three Musketeers" is the scene of the death of Constance Bonacieux, in "Eugene Onegin" - the scene of the explanation of Onegin and Tatyana, in the first story about "Harry Potter" - the scene of the fight over Voldemort. The more conflicts in a work, the more difficult it is to reduce all actions to only one climax, so there can be several climaxes. The climax is the most acute manifestation of the conflict and at the same time it prepares the denouement of the action, therefore it can sometimes precede it. In such works, it can be difficult to separate the climax from the denouement.

denouement- the outcome of the conflict. This is the final moment in the creation of artistic conflict. The denouement is always directly connected with the action and, as it were, puts the final semantic point in the narrative. The denouement can resolve the conflict: for example, in The Three Musketeers, this is the execution of Milady. The final denouement in Harry Potter is the final victory over Voldemort. However, the denouement may not eliminate the contradiction, for example, in "Eugene Onegin" and "Woe from Wit" the characters remain in difficult situations.

Epilogue (from the Greekepilogos - afterword)- always concludes, closes the work. The epilogue tells about the further fate of the heroes. For example, Dostoevsky in the epilogue of Crime and Punishment talks about how Raskolnikov changed in hard labor. And in the epilogue of War and Peace, Tolstoy talks about the life of all the main characters of the novel, as well as how their characters and behavior have changed.

Lyrical digression- deviation of the author from the plot, author's lyrical inserts, little or not at all related to the theme of the work. Lyrical digression, on the one hand, slows down the development of the action, on the other hand, allows the writer to openly express his subjective opinion on various issues that are directly or indirectly related to the central theme. Such, for example, are the famous lyrical digressions in Pushkin's Eugene Onegin or Gogol's Dead Souls.

Types of composition:

Traditional classification:

Direct (linear, serial)– events in the work are depicted in chronological order. "Woe from Wit" by A.S. Griboyedov, "War and Peace" by L.N. Tolstoy.
Ring - the beginning and end of the work echo each other, often completely coincide. In "Eugene Onegin": Onegin rejects Tatyana, and in the finale of the novel, Tatyana rejects Onegin.
Mirror - combining the techniques of repetition and opposition, as a result of which the initial and final images are repeated exactly the opposite. In one of the first scenes of "Anna Karenina" by L. Tolstoy, the death of a man under the wheels of a train is depicted. This is how the main character of the novel takes her own life.
A story within a story - The main story is told by one of the characters in the story. According to this scheme, M. Gorky's story "Old Woman Izergil" is built.

A.Besin's classification (according to the monograph "Principles and methods of analysis of a literary work"):

Linear - events in the work are depicted in chronological order.
Mirror - initial and final images and actions are repeated exactly the opposite, opposing each other.
Ring - the beginning and end of the work echo each other, have a number of similar images, motives, events.
Retrospection - in the process of narration, the author makes "digressions into the past." V. Nabokov's story "Mashenka" is built on this technique: the hero, having learned that his former lover is coming to the city where he now lives, looks forward to meeting her and recalls their epistolary novel, reading their correspondence.
Default - about the event that happened before the rest, the reader learns at the end of the work. Thus, in A.S. Pushkin's The Snowstorm, the reader learns about what happened to the heroine during her flight from home, only during the denouement.
Free - mixed activities. In such a work, one can find elements of a mirror composition, and techniques of default, and retrospection, and many other compositional techniques aimed at holding the reader's attention and enhancing artistic expression.