War and peace pierre bezukhov after captivity. How did Pierre change after captivity? Pierre Bezukhov in captivity

Pierre Bezukhov in captivity

(based on the novel "War and Peace")

Before proceeding to the question of how Pierre spent his time in captivity, we must understand how he got there.

Pierre, like Bolkonsky, had a dream to be like Napoleon, imitate him in every possible way and be like him. But each of them realized his mistake. So, Bolkonsky saw Napoleon when he was wounded at the battle of Austerlitz. Napoleon seemed to him "an insignificant person in comparison with what was happening between his soul and this high, endless sky with clouds running across it." Pierre, on the other hand, hated Napoleon when he left his home, disguised and armed with a pistol, in order to take part in the popular defense of Moscow. Pierre recalls the Kabbalistic meaning of his name (the number 666, etc.) in connection with the name of Bonaparte and that he is destined to put an end to the power of the "beast". Pierre is going to kill Napoleon, even if he has to sacrifice his own life. Due to circumstances, he could not kill Napoleon, he was captured by the French and imprisoned for 1 month.

If we consider the psychological impulses that took place in Pierre's soul, then we can say that the events of the Patriotic War allow Bezukhov to get out of that closed, insignificant sphere of established habits, worldly relationships that fettered and suppressed him. A trip to the field of the Battle of Borodino opens up a new world for Bezukhov, hitherto unfamiliar to him, reveals the real face of ordinary people. On the day of Borodin, on the Raevsky battery, Bezukhov witnesses the high heroism of the soldiers, their amazing self-control, their ability to simply and naturally perform the feat of selflessness. On the Borodino field, Pierre could not avoid a feeling of acute fear. “Oh, how terrible fear, and how shamefully I gave myself to it! And they...they were firm and calm all the way to the end…” he thought. They were soldiers in Pierre's concept, those who were on the battery, and those who fed him, and those who prayed to the icon ... "They do not speak, but do." Bezukhov is seized by the desire to get close to them, to enter "in this common life with the whole being, to be imbued with what makes them so.

Remaining in Moscow during its capture by French troops, Bezukhov is faced with many unexpected phenomena for him, with conflicting facts and processes.

Arrested by the French, Pierre is experiencing the tragedy of a man sentenced to death for a crime he did not commit, he experiences the deepest emotional shock, watching the execution of innocent residents of Moscow. And this triumph of cruelty, immorality, inhumanity suppresses Bezukhov: “... in his soul, as if suddenly, the spring on which everything rested was pulled out ...”. Just like Andrei, Bolkonsky, Pierre acutely perceived not only his own imperfection, but also the imperfection of the world.

In captivity, Pierre had to endure all the horrors of a military court, the execution of Russian soldiers. Acquaintance in captivity with Platon Karataev contributes to the formation of a new outlook on life. "... Platon Karataev remained forever in Pierre's soul the strongest and dearest memory and the personification of everything "Russian, kind and round."

Platon Karataev is meek, submissive to fate, gentle, passive and patient. Karataev is a vivid expression of the weak-willed acceptance of good and evil. This image is Tolstoy's first step towards an apology (protection, praise, justification) of the patriarchal naive peasantry, which professed the religion of "non-resistance to evil by violence." The image of Karataev is an illustrative example of how false views can lead to creative breakdowns even of such brilliant artists. But it would be a mistake to think that Karataev personifies the entire Russian peasantry. Plato cannot be imagined with weapons in his hands on the battlefield. If the army consisted of such soldiers, it would not have been able to defeat Napoleon. In captivity, Plato is constantly busy with something - “he knew how to do everything, not very well, but not bad either. He baked, cooked, sewed, planed, made boots. He was always busy, only at night he allowed himself to talk, which he loved, and songs.

In captivity addresses the question of the sky, which worries many in Tolstov's novel. He sees "a full moon" and "infinite distance". Just as it is impossible to lock this month and the distance in a barn with captives, so it is impossible to lock up the human soul. Thanks to the sky, Pierre felt free and full of strength for a new life.

In captivity, he will find the way to inner freedom, join the people's truth and people's morality. The meeting with Platon Karataev, the bearer of the people's truth, is an era in Pierre's life. Like Bazdeev, Karataev will enter his life as a spiritual teacher. But all the inner energy of Pierre's personality, the whole structure of his soul, is such that, happily accepting the experience of his teachers, he does not submit to them, but, enriched, goes further on his own path. And this path, according to Tolstoy, is the only one possible for a truly moral person.

Of great importance in the life of Pierre in captivity was the execution of prisoners.

“In front of Pierre, the first two prisoners are shot, then two more. Bezukhov notices that horror and suffering are written not only on the faces of the prisoners, but also on the faces of the French. He does not understand why "justice" is being administered if both the "right" and the "guilty" suffer. Pierre is not shot. The execution has been terminated. From the moment Pierre saw this terrible murder committed by people who did not want to do it, it was as if in his soul that spring was suddenly pulled out, on which everything was supported and seemed to be alive, and everything fell into a heap of senseless rubbish. In him, although he did not realize himself, faith and the improvement of the world, both in the human, and in his soul, and in God, were destroyed.

In conclusion, we can say that “in captivity, Pierre learned not with his mind, but with his whole being, with his life, that man was created for happiness, that happiness is in himself, in satisfying natural human needs, and that all misfortune comes not from lack, but from surplus; but now, in these last three weeks of the campaign, he learned another comforting truth - he learned that there is nothing terrible in the world.

One of the main characters of the epic "Warrior and Peace" is Pierre Bezukhov. Characteristics of the character of the work is revealed through his actions. And also through the thoughts, spiritual searches of the main characters. The image of Pierre Bezukhov allowed Tolstoy to convey to the reader an understanding of the meaning of the era of that time, the whole life of a person.

Acquaintance of the reader with Pierre

The image of Pierre Bezukhov is very difficult to briefly describe and understand. The reader must go through with the hero all of his

Acquaintance with Pierre is referred in the novel to 1805. He appears at a secular reception with Anna Pavlovna Sherer, a Moscow high-ranking lady. By that time, the young man did not represent anything interesting for the secular public. He was the illegitimate son of one of the Moscow nobles. He received a good education abroad, but when he returned to Russia, he did not find a use for himself. An idle lifestyle, revelry, idleness, dubious companies led to the fact that Pierre was expelled from the capital. With this life baggage, he appears in Moscow. In turn, the high society also does not attract a young man. He does not share the pettiness of interests, selfishness, hypocrisy of his representatives. “Life is something deeper, more significant, but unknown to him,” Pierre Bezukhov reflects. "War and Peace" by Leo Tolstoy helps the reader to understand this.

Moscow life

The change of residence did not affect the image of Pierre Bezukhov. By nature, he is a very gentle person, easily falls under the influence of others, doubts about the correctness of his actions constantly haunt him. Unbeknownst to himself, he finds himself in captivity of the idle with her temptations, feasts and revelry.

After the death of Count Bezukhov, Pierre becomes the heir to the title and the entire fortune of his father. The attitude of society towards young people is changing dramatically. The eminent Moscow nobleman, in pursuit of the fortune of the young count, marries his beautiful daughter Helen to him. This marriage did not portend a happy family life. Very soon, Pierre understands the deceit, deceit of his wife, her debauchery becomes obvious to him. Thoughts of desecrated honor haunt him. In a state of rage, he commits an act that could be fatal. Fortunately, the duel with Dolokhov ended with the injury of the offender, and Pierre's life was out of danger.

The path of searching for Pierre Bezukhov

After the tragic events, the young count thinks more and more about how he spends the days of his life. Everything around is confusing, disgusting and meaningless. He understands that all secular rules and norms of behavior are insignificant in comparison with something great, mysterious, unknown to him. But Pierre does not have sufficient fortitude and knowledge to discover this great, to find the true purpose of human life. Thoughts did not leave the young man, making his life unbearable. A brief description of Pierre Bezukhov gives the right to say that he was a deep, thinking person.

Fascination with Freemasonry

After parting with Helen and giving her a large share of the fortune, Pierre decides to return to the capital. On the way from Moscow to St. Petersburg, during a short stop, he meets a man who talks about the existence of a brotherhood of Masons. Only they know the true path, they are subject to the laws of life. For Pierre's tormented soul and consciousness, this meeting, as he believed, was salvation.

Arriving in the capital, he, without hesitation, takes the rite and becomes a member of the Masonic Lodge. The rules of another world, its symbolism, views on life captivate Pierre. He unconditionally believes everything he hears at the meetings, although much of his new life seems gloomy and incomprehensible to him. The path of searching for Pierre Bezukhov continues. The soul is still rushing about and does not find peace.

How to make people's lives easier

New experiences and searches for the meaning of being lead Pierre Bezukhov to the understanding that the life of an individual cannot be happy when there are many destitute, deprived of any right people around.

He decides to take action to improve the lives of the peasants on his estates. Many do not understand Pierre. Even among the peasants, for whose sake all this was started, there is a misunderstanding, a rejection of the new way of life. This discourages Bezukhov, he is depressed, disappointed.

The disappointment was final when Pierre Bezukhov (whose characterization describes him as a gentle, trusting person) realized that he had been cruelly deceived by the manager, funds and efforts were wasted.

Napoleon

The disturbing events taking place in France at that time occupied the minds of the entire high society. stirred the minds of the young and the old. For many young people, the image of the great emperor has become an ideal. Pierre Bezukhov admired his successes, victories, he idolized the personality of Napoleon. I did not understand people who dared to resist the talented commander, the great revolution. There was a moment in Pierre's life when he was ready to swear allegiance to Napoleon and defend the gains of the revolution. But this was not destined to happen. Feats, achievements for the glory of the French Revolution remained only dreams.

And the events of 1812 will destroy all ideals. The adoration of Napoleon's personality will be replaced in Pierre's soul with contempt and hatred. There will be an irresistible desire to kill the tyrant, avenging all the troubles that he brought to his native land. Pierre was simply obsessed with the idea of ​​​​reprisal against Napoleon, he believed that this was a destiny, the mission of his life.

battle of Borodino

The Patriotic War of 1812 broke the established foundation, becoming a real test for the country and its citizens. This tragic event directly affected Pierre. The aimless life of wealth and convenience was left without hesitation by the count for the sake of serving the fatherland.

It is in the war that Pierre Bezukhov, whose characterization has not yet been flattering, begins to look at life differently, to understand what was unknown. Rapprochement with soldiers, representatives of the common people, helps to re-evaluate life.

The great Battle of Borodino played a special role in this. Pierre Bezukhov, being in the same ranks with the soldiers, saw their real patriotism without falsehood and pretense, their readiness to give their lives without hesitation for the sake of their homeland.

Destruction, blood, and related experiences give rise to the spiritual rebirth of the hero. Suddenly, unexpectedly for himself, Pierre begins to find answers to questions that have tormented him for so many years. Everything becomes extremely clear and simple. He begins to live not formally, but with all his heart, experiencing a feeling unfamiliar to him, an explanation for which at this moment he cannot yet give.

Captivity

Further events unfold in such a way that the trials that befell Pierre should temper and finally form his views.

Once in captivity, he goes through an interrogation procedure, after which he remains alive, but before his eyes, several Russian soldiers are executed, who along with him fell to the French. The spectacle of the execution does not leave Pierre's imagination, bringing him to the brink of insanity.

And only a meeting and conversations with Platon Karataev again awaken a harmonious beginning in his soul. Being in a cramped barracks, experiencing physical pain and suffering, the hero begins to feel truly. The life path of Pierre Bezukhov helps to understand that being on earth is a great happiness.

However, the hero will have to reconsider his own and look for his place in it more than once.

Fate disposes so that Platon Karataev, who gave Pierre an understanding of life, was killed by the French, as he fell ill and could not move. The death of Karataev brings new suffering to the hero. Pierre himself was released from captivity by the partisans.

Native

Freed from captivity, Pierre, one after another, receives news from his relatives, about whom he knew nothing for a long time. He becomes aware of the death of his wife Helen. Best friend, Andrei Bolkonsky, is seriously wounded.

The death of Karataev, disturbing news from relatives again excite the soul of the hero. He begins to think that all the misfortunes that have occurred were his fault. He is the cause of the death of his loved ones.

And suddenly Pierre catches himself thinking that in difficult moments of spiritual experiences, the image of Natasha Rostova suddenly comes. She instills in him peace, gives strength and confidence.

Natasha Rostova

At subsequent meetings with her, he realizes that he has a feeling for this sincere, intelligent, spiritually rich woman. Natasha has a reciprocal feeling for Pierre. In 1813 they got married.

Rostova is capable of sincere love, she is ready to live in the interests of her husband, to understand, to feel him - this is the main advantage of a woman. Tolstoy showed the family as a way to save a person. The family is a small model of the world. The state of the whole society depends on the health of this cell.

Life goes on

The hero gained an understanding of life, happiness, harmony within himself. But the path to this was very difficult. The work of the inner development of the soul accompanied the hero all his life, and it gave its results.

But life does not stop, and Pierre Bezukhov, whose characterization as a seeker is given here, is again ready to move forward. In 1820, he informs his wife that he intends to become a member of a secret society.

A person with a childish kind face and a smile, one whose image is remembered for a long time. Which of the heroes of Leo Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace" has such features? Of course, to Pierre Bezukhov, a positive hero, an outstanding person who lived an interesting, difficult, but eventful life throughout the work.

First meeting with Pierre Bezukhov

For the first time, a reader of War and Peace meets Pierre Bezukhov at Anna Pavlovna Scherer's. It is immediately evident that he is not at all the same as those around him, and, not fitting into a secular society permeated with falsehood, is, as it were, a white crow. Not surprising, because Pierre is sincere, straightforward, does not accept lies and tries to avoid them.

“... Soon after the little princess, a massive, fat young man with a cropped head, glasses, light trousers in the then fashion, with a high frill and in a brown tailcoat entered. This fat young man was the illegitimate son of the famous Catherine’s nobleman, Count Bezukhov, who was now dying in Moscow ... ”- this is how the meeting of this hero with Anna Pavlovna is described, who, having seen such an unwanted guest, was upset to such an extent that anxiety and fear appeared on her face.

It would seem, why? It turns out that the mistress of the house was frightened by Pierre's observant, natural look, which so distinguished him from everyone present in this living room.

It is noteworthy that we meet Bezukhov precisely on the first pages of a large four-volume novel, which may indicate the importance of this hero for Lev Nikolayevich, who prepared for him a difficult but wonderful fate.

Pierre's past

An observant reader can learn from the novel that Pierre Bezukhov, who hardly knew his father, was brought up abroad from the age of ten and came to Russia as a young man, at the age of twenty.

reckless move

The naivety and inexperience of Pierre Bezukhov led him to a dead end. Once, the question arose before the young man: whom to marry, and since Pierre, after the death of his father, Kirill Bezukhov, became a count and a rich heir, Helen Kuragina did not fail to take advantage of this, for whom the love of money was above all else.

Even an inner voice, when "some kind of incomprehensible horror seized him at the mere thought of this terrible step," could not convince the young count to change his mind. Unfortunately, only after the wedding, Bezukhov realized that, having tied the knot with such an insidious and mercenary girl as Elena, he committed a reckless and reckless act that influenced his future fate. This difficult period of life is described by the author in dark colors.

“... He was silent ... and with a completely absent-minded look he was picking his nose with his finger. His face was sad and gloomy. This marriage, dictated by no means by love, lasted for six years, when Helen not only showed her bad character, but also cheated on Pierre and Dolokhov, which prompted the hero to fight the offender in a duel. The result of the fight was the injury of the opponent. However, here, too, Pierre's good feelings prevailed: when he saw that Dolokhov was wounded, he "barely holding back his sobs, ran to him."

Thus, realizing that his wife is a depraved woman, and living with her is now unbearable, Pierre broke off relations with Helen and left for St. Petersburg. Unfortunately, during that period the hero of the novel lost faith in God. But then, disappointed in life, Pierre could not even imagine that beyond the mountains of difficult and sometimes unbearable circumstances, in the future, real family happiness awaits him!

New plans of Pierre Bezukhov

Helping them, he regains confidence, despite "bare feet, dirty torn clothes, tangled hair ..." Even Pierre's look changes, because he knows what he lives for.

Changes in fate

Pierre again converges with his wife, but for a short time. Then their relationship is broken completely, and Bezukhov goes to Moscow, after which he goes to war, to the Russian army. Helen, having changed the Orthodox faith to the Catholic, wants to divorce her husband, but a sudden premature death does not allow her plans to come true.

Pierre at war

The war became a severe test for the inexperienced Pierre Bezukhov. Despite the fact that he provided financial support to the regiment he created, and also planned an assassination attempt on Napoleon, whose insidious and inhuman actions disgusted Bezukhov, in this field he could not prove himself as a brave and courageous defender of the Motherland.

Having no shooting skills, not really knowing military affairs, Pierre was captured by the enemy, and this is not surprising.

Being in terrible conditions, the hero of the novel went through a harsh school of life.

But here, too, there was a chance to look at it in a new way, to make a reassessment of values, and this was facilitated by the same prisoner like him, by the name of Kartaev, who, however, unlike Count Pierre, was a simple peasant, and his actions differed sharply from those that Bezukhov got used to throughout his life. Communicating with this person not of his circle, Pierre understands that he was wrong in many ways, and the meaning must be sought not in high society, but in communication with nature and ordinary people.

Getting Closer to Happiness...

Although Pierre Bezukhov experienced a lot in his life, including the bitter consequences of an unsuccessful marriage, in his heart he really wanted to love and be loved. And secret feelings for one girl lived in his soul. Anyone who is familiar with the novel "War and Peace" knows who it is. Of course, about Natasha Rostova, whom Pierre met when she was a thirteen-year-old girl.

Kindred souls - this is how one could characterize these heroes of the novel in one phrase, who, having gone through a difficult path, having experienced trials and losses, nevertheless created a strong family. Returning from captivity, Pierre married Natasha, the one who became his true friend, adviser, support, with whom he could share both joy and grief. The contrast with the past life was obvious, but Pierre needed to go through the path of trials with Helen in order to appreciate true happiness with Natalya Rostova and be grateful to the Creator for this.

Strong family ties

Pierre's life sparkled with new colors, shone with joy, gained stability and lasting peace. Having married Natalya Rostova, he realized how wonderful it is to have such a sacrificial, kind wife. They had four children - three daughters and one son - for whom Natasha became a good mother. The novel ends on such a positive note. “She felt that her connection with her husband was not held by those poetic feelings that attracted him to her, but was held by something else, indefinite, but firm, like the connection of her own soul with her body” - this is the exact definition given to Natalya, who was ready to take part in every minute of her husband, giving herself completely to him. And it's wonderful that Pierre, who drank so much grief in a past life, finally found real family happiness.

Favorite hero

Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy describes in detail the path of Pierre Bezukhov's searches in the novel "War and Peace". Pierre Bezukhov is one of the main characters of the work. He belongs to the favorite characters of the author and is therefore described in more detail. The reader is given the opportunity to trace how a young naive young man is formed into a man wise by life experience. We are witnessing the mistakes and delusions of the hero, his painful search for the meaning of life, the gradual change in his worldview. Tolstoy does not idealize Pierre. He honestly displays his positive traits and weaknesses of character. Thanks to this, the young man seems closer and more understandable. He seems to come alive on the pages of the work.

Pierre's spiritual quest in the novel is devoted to many pages. Pierre Bezukhov is the illegitimate son of a wealthy St. Petersburg nobleman, one of the main contenders for a million-dollar inheritance. Having recently arrived from abroad, where he received his education, Pierre cannot decide on the choice of a further life path. An unexpected inheritance and a high county title greatly complicates the position of the young man and gives him a lot of trouble.

strange appearance

The remarkable appearance of the hero causes a smile and bewilderment. Before us is “a massive, fat young man with a cropped head, glasses, light trousers in the fashion of the time ...”. He does not know how to communicate with ladies, behave correctly in a secular society, be polite and tactful. His awkward appearance and lack of good manners are compensated by a kind smile and a naive guilty look: "smart and at the same time timid, observant and natural." Behind the massive figure, a pure, honest and noble soul breaks down.

Pierre's delusions

Fun secular youth

Arriving in the capital, the main character finds himself in the company of frivolous golden youth, who thoughtlessly indulge in empty entertainment and amusements. Noisy revels, hooligan antics, drunkenness, debauchery occupy all Pierre's free time, but do not bring satisfaction. Only in communication with his only friend Andrei Bolkonsky does he become sincere and open his soul. The older friend is trying to save the gullible young man from fatal mistakes, but Pierre stubbornly follows his own path.

fatal love

One of the main misconceptions in the life of the hero is the passion for the empty and depraved beauty Helen. The gullible Pierre is easy prey for the members of the greedy family of Prince Kuragin. He is unarmed against the seductive tricks of a secular beauty and the pressure of an unceremonious prince. Tormented by doubts, Pierre is forced to make an offer and become the spouse of the first beauty of St. Petersburg. Pretty soon, he realizes that for his wife and her father, he is only a money bag. Disappointed in love, Pierre breaks off relations with his wife.

Fascination with Freemasonry

The ideological search of Pierre Bezukhov continues in the spiritual sphere. He is fond of the ideas of the Masonic brotherhood. The desire to do good, to work for the good of society, to improve themselves makes the hero go the wrong way. He is trying to alleviate the fate of his serfs, begins to build free schools and hospitals. But disappointment awaits him again. Money is stolen, brothers Masons pursue their own selfish goals. Pierre finds himself at an impasse in life. No family, no love, no worthwhile occupation, no purpose in life.

Heroic impulse

The state of gloomy apathy is replaced by a noble patriotic impulse. The Patriotic War of 1812 pushed into the background all the personal problems of the hero. His honest and noble nature is concerned about the fate of the Fatherland. Unable to join the ranks of the defenders of his country, he invests in the formation and uniforms of the regiment. During the battle of Borodino, he is in the thick of things, trying to provide all possible assistance to the military. Hatred for the invaders pushes Pierre to crime. He decides to kill the main culprit of what is happening, Emperor Napoleon. The heroic impulse of the young man ended with a sudden arrest and long months of captivity.

Life experience

One of the most important stages in the life of Pierre Bezukhov is the time spent in captivity. Deprived of the usual comfort, a well-fed life, freedom of movement, Pierre does not feel unhappy. He enjoys the satisfaction of natural human needs, "finds that calmness and self-satisfaction, which he vainly sought before." Once in the power of the enemy, he does not solve the complex philosophical issues of being, does not think about his wife's betrayal, does not understand the intrigues of others. Pierre lives a simple and understandable life, which Platon Karataev taught him. The worldview of this man turned out to be close and understandable to our hero. Communication with Platon Karataev made Pierre wiser and more experienced, suggested the right path in later life. He learned “not with his mind, but with his whole being, with his life, that man was created for happiness, that happiness is in himself.”

Real life

Freed from captivity, Pierre Bezukhov feels like a different person. He is not tormented by doubts, he is well versed in people and now knows what he needs for a happy life. An insecure confused person becomes strong and wise. Pierre is rebuilding the house and proposes to Natasha Rostova. He clearly understands that it was her that he truly loved all his life and it is with her that he will be happy and calm.

happy outcome

At the end of the novel, we see the beloved hero of Leo Tolstoy as an exemplary family man, a passionate person who has found himself. He is engaged in social activities, meets interesting people. His mind, decency, honesty and kindness are now in demand and useful to society. Beloved and devoted wife, healthy children, close friends, interesting work are the components of a happy and meaningful life for Pierre Bezukhov. The essay on the topic “The Way of Searching by Pierre Bezukhov” gives a detailed analysis of the moral and spiritual searches of an honest and noble person who, through trial and error, finds his meaning of existence. The hero finally achieved "calmness, agreement with himself."

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