Make a complex plan for the picture of the reservoir harvest. Considering Brueghel: The Harvest

Painting is a unique art form. With the help of paints, brushes and pencils, artists can take us to the distant past, draw what can happen in centuries and capture events that will become history in moments. Painting is more understandable than music, and often its meaning is clearer and more transparent than that of verbal images. It requires only one thing from the viewer - "complicity", empathy, inclusion in that silent dialogue that the artist has with us.

Plastov - singer of folk Russia

Arkady Plastov belongs to that remarkable galaxy of masters of the brush, who left a deep mark on Russian art. His canvases are deeply popular, because they reflect the life of a simple person with all its simple events. And all together they add up to the great chronicle of the country, difficult and heroic. "Peasant Russia" is the main character of all his works. And it is not only people, but also nature. She is not just a background that helps to reveal the plot, but a full participant in all events. The proof of this is the description of the painting "Harvest" by Plastov A.A.

History of creation

The canvas was painted in 1945, a very important year for the country. The last months of the war, the passionate expectation of victory and the ongoing pain and bitterness from the fact that many died on its fields and will not return - these are the main moods of that time. All this can be felt through the description of the painting "Harvest" by Plastov, which is located in the famous Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow. The artist worked on canvas with oil, the size of the canvas is quite large - 166x219 cm. The historical basis of the work is not accidental in the work of the master. Before the “Harvest”, he painted another, striking tragedy, picture - “The Fascist Has Arrived”. And although there are no obvious signs of war on the canvas of interest to us, it is still conveyed through the general color. Let's try to feel it through the description of the painting "Harvest" by Plastov.

Canvas characteristic

In the foreground of the picture we see a group of people. This is an old collective farmer and three children. They dine, having finished their hard peasant work. The man is already quite old, his beard is almost completely white, and his thick hair, scattered by the wind and hard work, is completely intertwined with a cobweb of gray hair. Immediately, the description of the painting “The Harvest” by Plastov prompts such reflections: why should the old man, who has already devoted almost all his life to the land and work, instead of rest, have to tear himself so unbearably? More on this later, but for now we will continue to consider the hero of the work.

The artist carefully wrote out his hardened, callused hands, darkened from work. In one he holds a piece of black bread, in the other - a wooden spoon, with which he carefully slurps simple food from reddish. On his shoulders, the collective farmer threw an old, worn dark brown coat, under which a blue canvas shirt is visible. On his feet are old broken shoes. Continuing the composition based on the painting "Harvest" by Plastov, let's pay attention to her other heroes. These are two boys and a girl, guys aged 10-12. Maybe it's a grandfather with his grandchildren. The girl sits closest to us. She tied her head with a white cotton handkerchief, from under which two pigtails are touchingly knocked out, descending onto a thin neck. The forehead is covered with a sun-bleached bang. A dark blouse, a red dress, stockings on legs tucked under her and cherry-colored boots - that's the whole granddaughter's simple outfit. She has a spoon in her hand. Leaning slightly towards the pot, she eats a watery peasant stew, which in the war years was a real delicacy. Her little brother is sitting behind her - a red-haired swirling boy. The scissors had not touched his head for a long time - either there was no time, or maybe there was no one to put his head in order. And again I remember: the war, after all, and you never know where the mother of the children is ... The little boy is also focused on food, like his relatives. But the third of the children clung to an earthenware jug and greedily drinks water or milk. He is wearing a white shirt, dark pants. It can be seen that he was very tired, and thirsty, not even before eating! The fifth hero of the picture is a common favorite, a funny dog. He stares intently at the diners, eagerly waiting for his turn.

Painting background

The painting “Harvest” by Plastov is a story about a dramatic battle for the harvest of those who remained in the rear during the war years and helped to forge victory with all their might, providing the front and civilians with the most important thing - bread. That is why the old man in his advanced years had to, and the children who would have to run to school, take up pitchforks and rakes, scythes and sickles, because their adult sons, fathers and brothers, and even mothers went to war - to defend their homeland. So they plow, sow, mow, work, exhausted, those who remain. To the left of the diners is a large freshly scrambled stack, on which scythes, rakes and other agricultural implements are piled. In the background stretches an endless field and the same huge haystacks. And above all this rises a gray, pre-stormy sky. Apparently, because of the bad weather, the grandfather and his grandchildren were in a hurry to harvest. That is why the picture is called "Harvest". Warm golden tones give it a special touch. From the canvas breathes a deep sincere love for people and for the Motherland.

Probably not every person in his life could directly observe the harvesting of bread and in what a difficult way this delicious product ends up on our table. Plastov's painting "Harvest", as well as "Haymaking" written in 1945, tell us about the everyday life of ordinary people, collective farmers, busy in the fields harvesting.

For these paintings about the summer season, Arkady Plastov was awarded the Stalin Prize, which at that time was simply an unattainable peak for a Soviet artist.

In the painting "Harvest", the artist depicted a short rest, during which the family has lunch. The wheat harvest is mowed and swept into large stacks. Some haystacks are already loaded onto carts that are visible on the horizon. Huge shocks are also visible there, waiting for their turn to go to the current.

The grandfather, who also went out to harvest with his teenage grandchildren, of course, did not have time to reap so much. In an elderly man, the forces are no longer the same as in his youth, and he regrets his grandchildren. It is not easy for them, because the father has not yet returned from the front, and all the burden of hard peasant labor fell on the shoulders of such old people and teenagers. But in their hearts lives the hope that everything will be fine, if only the father would return ... “Then it would be easier for the mother,” the children think. For an incredibly long four years, the village, which sent men to the front, provided the country and the front with food. And now the long-awaited day of Victory has come, but the way of the soldiers home to their relatives is still so long. And not all of them will knock on the door of their home, where they are still waiting for them, no matter what.

Grandfather and grandchildren slowly eat simple peasant food, scooping thick porridge from the pan with painted wooden spoons. Cucumbers are laid out on a scarf. One of the boys drinks water from an earthenware jug, in which the water remains cool for a long time. Nearby, a yard dog sits quietly, his ears up, he patiently awaits handouts. The figure of a bearded gray-haired old man is very colorfully depicted. While working, his hair was very disheveled. He holds a small piece of rye bread in his large, overworked hands, and it is clear to the audience that he only occasionally bites off of it, trying to ensure that the guys have enough food.

Although the children are wearing light clothing, a worn brown jacket is thrown over the old man's shoulders. Perhaps he is not completely healthy and therefore is afraid of catching a cold and falling asleep. Then it will be even harder for the family to manage the household.

Plastov depicts a field stretching from edge to edge, the wheat on which is already almost all harvested and only the stubble colors it in yellow-green color. Plastov always preferred to use color and shades that most accurately characterized the theme, conveyed his attitude to the depicted event.

Next to the mop one can see the tools of labor of this peasant family. Apparently, the grandfather worked with a scythe, which he leaned against a haystack for the rest, and the boys with sickles. The picture also shows a wooden rake. Perhaps the girl was raking the spikelets with them.

Currently, the painting "Harvest" is on display at the State Tretyakov Gallery, causing bright sadness from the contemplation of the vast expanses of fields and the modest meal of the peasants after the war.

Speech development lesson in grade 6

Work on an essay based on the painting by A. Plastov "Harvest"

Information about the artist.

Plastov - singer of folk Russia

Arkady Plastov belongs to that remarkable galaxy of masters of the brush, who left a deep mark on Russian art. His canvases are deeply popular, because they reflect the life of a simple person with all its simple events. And all together they add up to the great chronicle of the country, difficult and heroic. "Peasant Russia" is the main character of all his works. And it is not only people, but also nature. She is not just a background that helps to reveal the plot, but a full participant in all events. The proof of this is the description of the painting "Harvest"

Plastova A. A.

2 . History of creation The canvas was painted in 1945, a very important year for the country. The last months of the war, the passionate expectation of victory and the lingering pain and bitterness from the fact that many died on its fields and will not return - these are the main moods of that time. All this can be felt through the description of the painting "Harvest" by Plastov, which is located in the famous Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow. The artist worked on canvas with oil, the size of the canvas is quite large - 166x219 cm. The historical basis of the work is not accidental in the work of the master. Before the “Harvest”, he painted another, striking tragedy, picture - “The Fascist Has Arrived”. And although there are no obvious signs of war on the canvas of interest to us, it is still conveyed through the general color. Let's try to feel it through the description of the painting "Harvest" by Plastov.

3. Characteristics of the web

In the foreground of the picture we see a group of people. This is an old collective farmer and three children. They dine, having finished their hard peasant work. The man is already quite old, his beard is almost completely white, and his thick hair, scattered by the wind and hard work, is completely intertwined with a cobweb of gray hair. Immediately, the description of the painting “The Harvest” by Plastov prompts such reflections: why should the old man, who has already devoted almost all his life to the land and work, instead of rest, have to tear himself so unbearably? More on this later, but for now we will continue to consider the hero of the work. The artist carefully paintedhis hardened, work-darkened, callused hands. In one he holds a piece of black bread, in the other a wooden spoon, with which he carefully slurps simple food from a reddish clay pot.The collective farmer threw an old, worn dark brown coat over his shoulders, under which a blue linen shirt is visible. On his feet are old broken shoes. Continuing the composition based on the painting "Harvest" by Plastov, let's pay attention to her other heroes.These are two boys and a girl, guys aged 10-12. Maybe it's the grandfather with his grandchildren . The girl sits closest to us. She tied her head with a white cotton handkerchief, from under which two pigtails are touchingly knocked out, descending onto a thin neck. The forehead is covered with a sun-bleached bang. A dark blouse, a red dress, stockings on legs tucked under her and cherry-colored boots - that's the whole granddaughter's simple outfit. She has a spoon in her hand. Leaning slightly towards the pot, she eats a watery peasant stew, which in the war years was a real delicacy. Behind her sits her brother - a red-haired swirling boy. The scissors had not touched his head for a long time - either there was no time, or maybe there was no one to put his head in order. And again I remember: the war, after all, and you never know where the mother of the children is ... The little boy is also focused on food, like his relatives. But the third of the children clung to an earthenware jug and greedily drinks water or milk. He is wearing a white shirt, dark pants. It can be seen that he was very tired, and thirsty, not even before eating! The fifth hero of the picture is a common favorite, a funny dog. He stares intently at the diners, eagerly waiting for his turn.

4. Background of the painting Painting "Harvest"

Plastova is a story about a dramatic battle for the harvest of those who remained in the rear during the war years and helped to forge victory with all their might, providing the front and civilians with the most important thing - bread. That is why the old man in his advanced years had to, and the children who would have to run to school, take up pitchforks and rakes, scythes and sickles, because their adult sons, fathers and brothers, and even mothers went to war - to defend their Motherland. So they plow, sow, mow, work, exhausted, those who remain. To the left of the diners is a large freshly scrambled stack, on which scythes, rakes and other agricultural implements are piled. In the background stretches an endless field and the same huge haystacks. And above all this rises a gray, pre-stormy sky. Apparently, because of the bad weather, the grandfather and his grandchildren were in a hurry to harvest. That is why the picture is called "Harvest".Warm golden tones give it a special touch. From the canvas breathes a deep sincere love for people and for the Motherland.

5. Working with a dictionary.

6. Drawing up a plan.

7. Oral retelling.

8 Writing an essay.

9. Homework. Composition based on the painting by A. Plastov

"Fascist has flown"

A. Plastova "Fascist flew by"

After the death of the famous artist Plastov, more than a thousand works remained, which he left to his descendants. But, unfortunately, a tragedy happened in 1931, and many paintings by Arkady Alexandrovich died in a fire, but this did not stop the artist, and he continued to work, creating new brilliant pictorial masterpieces. And if before this incident, which made him take a different look at the world of the artist, Plastov described peasant Russia, but more superficially, then after the fire he begins to delve deeply into what he portrayed. That is why all his paintings are the life of peasants, completely ordinary people. But this life has already passed into the past, and now there is no return to it. And now these interesting paintings from the past began to come to life on Plast's canvases.

One of Plastov's paintings shows the rest of a family working in the fields all day to harvest. The canvas "Harvest" conveys the atmosphere of the day when everyone is busy with work. It is already clear from the Plast picture that all the wheat in the fields has been cut, so part of the work has already been done, but still the struggle for the harvest, for its safety, continues. On the canvas, you can see that the wheat has already been even basted into sheaves, and in some places even stacks are already standing. Now the peasants have to take all this to the current so that the harvest does not disappear. In the distance, horse-drawn carts can be seen rushing to the current. They have already loaded up in sheaves. And the same part of the wheat harvest, which has yet to be taken out, is neatly folded into heaps on the field and can be seen all over the field.

But such work requires a lot of strength, so you need to have lunch. The artist depicts just such a time when poor people, peasants, decide to have a little lunch. Their lunch is not sumptuous and very simple. In one cup, food for both the girl and the grandfather. Most likely, the girl brought dinner to her grandfather. But he, realizing how poor the poor man’s lunch was and that children always want to eat, he decided to offer his granddaughter to eat too. And she did not refuse. But not only the girl eats from the same bowl, but also the boys, who, most likely, helped the old man on the field and were also very hungry. Having had a little snack, one of the boys depicted in Plastov's painting decides to drink milk. In a jug, the milk will be cool for a long time, so it will seem so invigorating to people who work in the field at such a time.

Not far from the peasants who are having lunch, a dog sits, which calmly watches how people dine. He is also hungry, but he is already accustomed to the fact that his dinner will be after the hard workers have eaten, so he tries to remain calm and wait, but he is not good at it. It can be seen that the dog is quite young, so from time to time he barks to remind those who eat that he, too, is here and waiting for his part of the meal.

In order to better depict people, to which class they belong, the artist drew their clothes in detail. So, the old man is dressed in simple and unsophisticated clothes. His shoes are on his feet, since it is dangerous to walk across the field: you can also prick your feet. He has a gray beard and the same gray and thick hair, which is disheveled in different directions. He worked hard to earn at least something for his family, so he has no time to think about how he looks. But what attracts most of all on Plastov’s canvas is the peasant’s hands, large and overworked.

At the moment when the artist captured him, he simply holds a small piece of black bread, but he treats it with care, because he knows how expensive it is. In the other hand of the old man is a wooden spoon, which was usually carried with them in Russia in the hope of eating somewhere. He is wearing a blue shirt and pants. A girl sat down opposite him, so you can see that her hair is long and carefully braided into two small pigtails. She covered her head, as was customary in those days, with a scarf. She is wearing a bright red skirt and socks. She also did not come to the field barefoot, but she had shoes on her feet.

The boys in the Plast picture are dressed more simply. Both of them are in simple canvas shirts of white and yellow color, trousers are dark in color so that dust is not visible on them. Wherever you look at the picture, everywhere around the central images is a field of wheat. Everything is painted yellow, which is combined with wheat, its remnants. Therefore, people sat down to rest and have a snack under one of these sheaves, in order to somehow hide from the scorching rays of the sun. Nearby they abandoned their tools. The guys worked with sickles: first they cut, bending down, the ears of corn to the very root, and then, taking a rake, they raked everything up well so as not to miss a single spikelet. By the way, now no one works like that in the field. And then this work was very heavy. But the guys work with rakes and sickles, but the old man has a different tool: he mows wheat. She stands leaning against a haystack.

Plastov's painting perfectly shows the time that was quite recently, but which is gone forever. A bright and wonderful feeling arises in the soul when you look at the boundlessness of Russian fields and understand how beautiful the Russian land is after all.

Pieter Brueghel the Elder in 1565 painted the famous painting "The Harvest", which is part of the "Seasons" series and is currently in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. It is from this picture that I would like to start telling you about the canvases of this series that have come down to us. The plot is dedicated to the summer months: July or August, at the time when the harvest begins and goes on. This time I will not only show the most hidden details of the great master's painting, but I will also try to tell some interesting details that cannot be found in articles on the Internet, where more attention is paid to the technique, colors and composition of this masterpiece.

distant plan

1. A small house in a field, a road along which people walk and a wagon rolls

2. So beloved by Brueghel ships - life in Antwerp did not pass him by. Apparently, this is why in many of his paintings you see ships anchored in the bay.

3. A small farm where the mistress drives the cattle home

4. The castle, which, as often as ships, are found on Brueghel's canvases, symbolizes the nobility and warriors. There is a garden near the castle, from which the watchman chases thieves, while the worker collects fruits, standing on the stairs near the tree.

5. Bathing monks. They symbolize religion.

6. Straw wagon

7. Toll bridge and game with a goose - the meaning of the game is to kill the animal - whoever does this takes the goose.

A little further away, a peasant defecates right in front of the house. This motif is also found in so many of Brueghel's paintings - it seems to me, grounding the painting.

Medium plan

8. Harvesting of bread, there is a jug by the stream at the edge of the field, most likely this is also a place of rest, since something is also spread there, apparently, a blanket

9. Women Carry Sheaves

10. Village houses and a church can be seen behind the trees on the right

11. Children pick apples

12. Which fall to the ground thanks to this man - he specially climbed an apple tree and that there is strength shaking it

13. Well, the third class, the most interesting to Brueghel - the peasants. Indeed, before Bruegel, the paintings depicted either the nobility or Christian subjects, but here only peasants are clearly shown - the nobility and the church are located by Brueghel somewhere in the background, and the nobility does not protect anyone, and the monks do not atone for sins. Only peasants work. Apparently, this is why Brueghel is most interested in them.

Foreground

14. Resting peasants. They eat porridge, fruits, bread, cheese, drink water from jugs. Someone is sleeping

15. Water carrier

16. Working peasants

17. By the way, pay attention to how pants were made in the 16th century - and you say that you can’t study history from pictures and that pictures are not a historical source! =)

18. Brueghel, as always, pays attention to the smallest details - this is how cornflowers are drawn on the field

19. The tree symbolizes the productivity of nature. See how detailed everything is drawn, even the birds!

Well, for those who speak English - a very good film about this picture:

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