Meeting balls. Assembly of Peter the Great

Answer: Apostle.

Question No. 22. Why did Patriarch Nikon begin to reform the Church, relying on Greek rites and books?

Answer: corrections of worship according to ancient Russian models became impossible due to serious discrepancies.

Question No. 23. Does the birth of the Russian theater relate to the reign?

Answer: Alexei Mikhailovich.

Question No. 24. In the history of the Muscovite state, this was the first departure of a monarch outside the country. What is the name of the monarch?

Answer: Peter I.

Question number 25. Assembly it?

Answer: assembly - balls with the participation of women in the homes of the Russian nobility, introduced and regulated by Peter I.

Question number 26. “Youth is an honest mirror?

Answer: a book about good manners, compiled for young people during the reign of Peter I.

Question No. 27. Since 1702, the first printed newspaper began to be published in Russia under the name?

Answer: Vedomosti.

Question No. 28. Was the countdown of years from the Nativity of Christ, and not from the Creation of the world, introduced in Russia?

Answer: Peter I.

Question No. 29. What was the name of the first museum in the history of Russia?

Answer: Kunstkamera.

Question No. 30. Representatives of this ideological trend fought for the establishment of the kingdom of reason, which is based on natural equality. A large role in creating a new social order was to play the dissemination of knowledge. Who are we talking about?

Answer: about enlighteners.

Question number 31. Even in the homes of ordinary citizens in the XVIII century. The walls began to be decorated with tapestries, i.e.?

Answer: wallpaper.

Question number 32. In what works of A.S. Pushkin depicts Peter I?

Answer: The Bronze Horseman.

Answer: M. Lomonosov.

Question No. 34. The first street carnival with a masquerade took place in 1721. Where did it take place?

Answer: in Yaroslavl.

Question No. 35. This man made and presented Catherine II with an amazing clock: it had the shape of a goose egg, opened every hour, presenting the Church of the Resurrection of Christ to the eyes, and at 12 o’clock they played music composed by a talented inventor. Who is it?

Answer: I.P. Kulibin.

Question No. 36. This architect created the Winter Palace, the Catherine Palace in Tsarskoye Selo, the ensemble of the Smolny Monastery in St. Petersburg, the Grand Palace in Peterhof. Architect's name?

Answer: F. B. Rastrelli.

Question No. 37. Was the first public library in Russia opened?

Answer: Petersburg.

Question No. 38. Where was the first Russian conservatory opened?

Answer: in Moscow.

Question No. 39. Who was the director of the first Russian conservatory opened in 1859?

Answer: A.G. Rubinstein.

Question No. 40. Since when did free primary education become compulsory in Russia?

Answer: Since 1918

Question No. 41. When and by whom was the law for the first time in Russia adopted a law on the involvement of students and the military in agricultural work?

Answer: Bolsheviks in 1918.

• - Meeting...

• - The name of the highest body of state power in a number of countries, as well as the highest body of some international organizations ...

• - Meetings-balls with the participation of women in the homes of the Russian nobility, introduced and regulated (1718) by Peter I.

Epigraph

• “The people who do not remember, do not appreciate and do not love their history are bad”

• V.M. Vasnetsov

• “To know history in the strict sense of the word means to know EVERYTHING”

• S.I. Taneev

• “Only a person can not love history, completely mentally undeveloped » N.G. Chernyshevsky

people and events

Romanov dynasty

• Arrange the rulers in chronology

• (who it,

• years of reign and life,

• from whose family

• their surnames and patronymics)

PETER I THE GREAT (1672-1725)

• PETER I THE GREAT (1672-1725)

Russian tsar from 1682 (ruled from 1689), the first Russian emperor (from 1721), the youngest son of Alexei Mikhailovich. He carried out public administration reforms (the Senate, boards, bodies of higher state control and political investigation were created; the church was subordinate to the state; the country was divided into provinces; a new capital, St. Petersburg, was built). He used the experience of Western European countries in the development of industry, trade and culture. He pursued a policy of mercantilism (the creation of manufactories, metallurgical, mining and other plants, shipyards, marinas, canals). He led the army in the Azov campaigns of 1695-1696, the Northern War of 1700-21, the Prut campaign of 1711, the Persian campaign of 1722-23, etc.; commanded troops during the capture of Noteburg (1702), in battles at the village of Lesnaya (1708) and near Poltava (1709). He supervised the construction of the fleet and the creation of a regular army. Contributed to the strengthening of the economic and political position of the nobility. At the initiative of Peter I, many educational institutions were opened, the Academy of Sciences, the civil alphabet was adopted, etc. uprisings (Streletsky 1698, Astrakhan 1705-06, Bulavinsky 1707-09, etc.), mercilessly suppressed by the government. Being the creator of a powerful absolutist state, he achieved recognition for Russia by the countries of the West. Europe the authority of a great power.

Peter I

history and literature

What is this event?

Battle schemes Grengam, Narva, Poltava, near Lesnaya, Gangut

Schemes of battles and battles

Arrange battles in chronological order.

• a) Narva, Poltava, near Lesnaya, Gangut;

• a) Narva,

• b) construction of St. Petersburg, c) near Lesnaya,

• d) Poltava,

• e) Gangut;

NORTHERN UNION

• anti-Swedish coalition of Russia, Denmark, Saxony and Poland.

• Concluded in 1699. Broken up at the beginning of the Northern War of 1700-21. Defeated, Denmark withdrew from the war in 1700, Poland and Saxony - in 1706. After the Battle of Poltava, 1709 was resumed with the participation of Prussia (1713).

Foreign policy. International relations. Ambassadorial Order or Collegium of Foreign Affairs. what relationship was

• Russia,

• Sweden,

• Denmark,

• Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth,

• Turkey

Petrov's film "Peter I"

Military reform regular army

Unsent dispatches(Who? When? By whom? With what could each of these reports be sent?)

• “We founded a good shipyard in Voronezh, we are building good galleys. Azov will be taken"

Who is redundant and why?

• Peter I, Princess Sophia, Ivan V, Charles XII

• Russia, Sweden, Denmark, England, Commonwealth (Poland)

• Narva, Poltava, near Lesnaya, Azov

Enemies or allies

• Mazepa and Peter I,

• Charles XII and the Turkish Sultan,

• Peter I and August II,

• Bulavin and Menshikov,

• Peter I and Sophia,

• Charles XII and the Danish Queen

"Was or Wasn't" (Find the correct answer, did this event take place in the time of Peter the Great, if yes or no, then why and when did it happen)

• Northern War, Livonian War, Streltsy riots, Battle of Kulikovo, Battle of the Neva with the Swedes,

• Peasant war led by K. A. Bulavin,

• great embassy,

• construction of a new capital,

• reunification of Ukraine with Russia,

• Peasant war led by S. Razin.

Historical dictation The most historically literate kumpanstvo

The words historical terms of the 17th - 18th centuries. explain their meaning and belonging

• recruits, regular army,

• poll tax, absolute monarchy, possession peasants, mercantilism, colleges, "Table of Ranks", emperor, household taxation.

WORD TO THE WINNERS OF PETER I

Assembly- a form of leisure for the nobility - ball meetings with the participation of women, introduced by Peter I in 1718.

Bironovshchina- the regime of government established under Empress Anna Ioannovna (1730-1740), named after her favorite Ernst Johann Biron. It was characterized by the dominance of foreigners in all areas of government and power, the plunder of the country, and repressions against the dissatisfied.

Bureaucracy – 1) a set of persons professionally engaged in management (officialdom), responsible to the state leadership and living off the wages (salaries) received; 2) control system state through the bureaucracy.

Eastern question- a term meaning a complex of contradictions powers in the Middle East, the Balkans, in the zone of the Black Sea straits and in North Africa - in the territories subject to the Ottoman empire(Turkey).

Guard- selected, the best part of the army.

Province- the main administrative-territorial unit of Russia since 1708. It was divided into counties. Several adjacent provinces could constitute a governor-general.

Palace coup- the forcible removal of the monarch from power by one of the opposition court groups with the help of guards.

Power– 1) a large and powerful country; 2) the emblem of power, one of the regalia of the monarch: a golden ball with a crown or cross at the top.

"Charter to the nobility"- a document confirming all privilege, data nobility after the death of Peter I, as well as allowing the creation of noble societies in provinces and counties.

"Charter to cities"- a document that defined the rights and obligations of the urban population, the management system in cities.

Emperor- a person, the bearer of the highest royal dignity, as well as the title of such a person. In Russia, the title of emperor was adopted by Peter I in 1721.

Intensive- providing high performance.

capitalist peasants- wealthy peasants who had capital and were engaged in entrepreneurial activities.

Boards- central executive authorities in charge of a particular industry (army, navy, foreign policy, etc.). Were introduced by Peter I instead orders.

Conditions- the conditions fixed in the contract.

otkhodnik peasants- peasants who were allowed, with the permission of the landowner, to leave the village for seasonal work in order to earn quitrent.

Magistrate- the body of city government, introduced under Peter I.

Philistinism (philistines)– in Russia until the end of 1917 – estate, the lowest rank of personally free, taxable urban population. According to the Letter of Complaint, the cities of 1785 included small merchants and artisans - the main payers of taxes and taxes.

Modernization- change, reconstruction of the socio-economic, political, cultural, religious, moral and other foundations of society through various innovations and improvements. In a narrower sense, modernization refers to industrial revolution and industrialization, the formation of a national market and a unified economic system.

Poll tax- the main tax levied on the male population (each "soul") taxable estates, regardless of age. Replaced yard taxation(when the tax was collected from the peasant or township yard).

Possession peasants– state peasants, bought by the owners of factories to work on them.

Ascribed peasants– palace or state peasants, which instead of paying taxes had to work at state-owned or private factories, were "attached" to them.

enlighteners- the general name of outstanding thinkers of the XVII-XVIII centuries. (Voltaire, C. Montesquieu, D. Diderot, J.-J. Rousseau and others), who criticized the feudal system, defended the freedom of the individual, equality of people in rights and before the law, and enlightenment of the people. Enlighteners believed that the main task of the monarch ("wise man on the throne") is to take care of the welfare of the people, in accordance with the laws emanating from the ruler. In Russia, the ideas of the Enlightenment were defended by N.I. Novikov and A.N. Radishchev.

Education- the ideological course of the period of transition from feudalism to capitalism associated with the struggle of the emerging bourgeoisie and the masses against absolutism and feudalism. Causes of human disasters enlighteners considered ignorance, religious fanaticism, opposed the feudal-absolutist regime, for political freedom and civil equality.

"Enlightened Absolutism"- designation of state policy in Russia (under Catherine II) and a number of Western European countries (Austria, Prussia, Portugal, etc.). This policy was to use the bourgeois ideas of the era Enlightenment to preserve the feudal order and the feudal system in the conditions of its beginning decomposition. Catherine II sought to build a "legitimate" autocratic monarchy strictly defining the rights and obligations estates. She portrayed her activities as a union of the sovereign and philosophers, contributing to the development of enlightenment and education. This policy was aimed at strengthening the dominance nobility, although some reforms contributed to the development capitalism.

Protectorate- a form of dependence in which a weak country, formally retaining its state structure and some independence in internal affairs, is actually subordinate to another, stronger one power.

Regent - temporary ruler of a monarchical state (in case of infancy or illness of the monarch).

Recruits soldiers who have served in the military for hire or duties. Recruitment for the Russian army was compulsory (from 1705 to 1874).

Craft workshops- associations of artisans of one specialty, introduced by decree of Peter I from 1722.

Secularization– 1) the transfer of monastic and church property (land, peasants) into secular property; 2) liberation of public and individual consciousness from the influence of religion.

Senate (Governing Senate)- the highest state administrative institution that replaced the Boyar Duma under Peter I. Together with the monarch, the Senate developed new laws, monitored the country's finances and controlled the work of the state apparatus. Since 1722, he was headed by the Prosecutor General ("the sovereign's eye").

Synod (Holy Governing Synod)– spiritual collegium, who was in charge of the affairs of the church, headed by the chief prosecutor (appointed from secular persons).

"Table of Ranks"- A document issued by Peter I in 1722, dividing the military, civil and court services. All positions (both military and civilian) were divided into 14 ranks. It was possible to occupy each next rank only by passing all the previous ones.

secret office- body of political investigation in the era palace coups, was in charge of cases of state crimes.

Laid commission- a commission convened by Catherine II to develop a new code of laws of the Russian Empire (the Code). Consisted of government officials and elected representatives from different classes. After working for 1.5 years and not having time to make any decisions, the commission was “temporarily” dissolved, the reason for which was the Russian-Turkish war that began in 1768.

Favorite- a courtier who enjoys the special favor of the monarch, receiving from him various privilege often influencing domestic and foreign policy states.

nobility- the name of the Russian nobility(in the Polish manner).

Extensive- aimed at quantitative increase, expansion, distribution (as opposed to intense).

Tasks and questions for independent work

1. Explain the meaning of the term "absolutism".

2. Explain the meaning of the concept of "palace coup".

3. Explain the meaning of the concept of "board".

4. Explain the meaning of the concept of "mercantilism".

5. Explain the meaning of the term "modernization".

6. Explain the meaning of the term "protectionism".

7. Explain the meaning of the concept of "enlightened absolutism."

8. Explain the meaning of the term "secularization".

9. Explain the meaning of the concept "Table of Ranks".

10. Explain the meaning of the concept of "Laid Commission".

11. Two transformations of Peter I, which contributed to the strengthening of the bureaucratization of management - ...

12. Two transformations of Peter I, aimed at the Europeanization of the country - ...

A) convocation of the Zemsky Sobor

B) the creation of a regular army

C) the abolition of the patriarchate and the creation of the Synod

D) exemption of the nobility from compulsory service

13. Two government bodies under Peter I - ...

Assembly

ASSEMBLY-and; and.[French] assembly].

1. General meeting of a (mainly international) organization; its supreme body; convention, congress. A. peoples of Asia and Africa. General A. UN(one of the main bodies of the UN, consisting of representatives of all its member states).

2. In Russia in the era of Peter I: a fun evening, a ball.

(from French assemblée - assembly), 1) assembly. 2) The name of the highest body of state power in a number of countries, as well as the highest body of some international organizations. 3) Meetings-balls with the participation of women in the homes of the Russian nobility, introduced and regulated (1718) by Peter I.

ASSEMBLY (from the French assemblée - meeting), the name of the highest bodies of state power in a number of countries, as well as the highest bodies of some international organizations. In the 18th century in Russia, meetings-balls with the participation of women in the houses of the nobility, introduced and regulated (1718) by Peter I the Great, were called assemblies. (cm. PETER I the Great). A calendar of assemblies was drawn up in advance, which was strictly observed. Petersburg and Moscow nobility spent a lot of money on the assemblies. In 1719, Peter established that all “officials”, as well as nobles, merchants, shipwrights with their wives and grown-up children, must be present at the assemblies. The guests arrived at five o'clock in the evening, behaved freely. The wives of foreign skippers, for example, could afford knitting. The culmination of the assembly was the arrival of the royal couple Peter and Catherine, who introduced themselves as guests. Special rooms were reserved for smoking, dancing, playing chess and checkers. Cards were not allowed at the assemblies, as they were forbidden by the emperor.
The dances were accompanied by brass music. Preference was given to English, Polish dances, and Russian dances could also be observed. Ladies and gentlemen were invited freely, many learned dance movements directly during the dances. Women were not forbidden to drink alcohol on a par with men. In the decree of 1718, it was said that the assemblies serve "not only for fun, but also for business, because here you can see each other and talk about any need." The obligation of ladies to participate in the assemblies eliminated the former seclusion of women from the boyar environment. The assemblies dealt a blow to the everyday inertia of the Russian nobility. The clergy had their own special assemblies.

encyclopedic Dictionary. 2009 .

See what "assembly" is in other dictionaries:

- (French assemblée assembly): The Assembly is the name of the governing body of an organization (usually quite large, often international): The General Assembly is the supreme governing body of some large organizations. National ... ... Wikipedia

- [fr. assemblee assembly] general assembly of what l. organizations of a diplomatic, political or scientific nature. Dictionary of foreign words. Komlev N.G., 2006. ASSEMBLY evening meeting, kind of ball or party; introduced by Peter I for development ... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

Assembly- and, well. assembly f. 1. The meeting of the members of what l. political body. Sl. 18. Count Krongyelm, as the president from the chancellery, made a splendid speech to the assembly from the Queen's side. Vedas. 1719 2 271. I received this letter when I was at the assembly at ... ... Historical Dictionary of Gallicisms of the Russian Language

Assembly, gathering, society; ball, parliament Dictionary of Russian synonyms. assembly n., number of synonyms: 4 points (6) ... Synonym dictionary

ASSEMBLY, 1) assembly. 2) In some countries, the name of parliaments or their higher houses, as well as the supreme body of a number of international organizations ... Modern Encyclopedia

- (from French assemblee meeting) ..1) meeting2)] The name of the highest body of state power in a number of countries, as well as the highest body of some international organizations3) Meetings of balls with the participation of women in the houses of the Russian nobility, introduced and ... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Meeting, congress (at the court of Peter I). Assembly attending the assembly, belonging to it. Wed Suddenly your returned spouse appeared from the official assembly. A. Maikov. Young lady. Wed Someone else would be glad to lock up his wife, and her with a drummer ... ... Michelson's Big Explanatory Phraseological Dictionary (original spelling)

ASSEMBLY, and, wives. 1. General meeting of some international organization; its highest body. General A. United Nations. 2. Under Peter I: ball, entertainment evening. | adj. assembly, oh, oh (to 2 meanings). Dictionary… … Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov

- (from the French assemblee meeting), meetings of balls with the participation of women in the homes of the Russian nobility. Introduced and regulated in 1718 by Peter I. Source: Encyclopedia Fatherland ... Russian History

- (Assemblee) this word means in French any assembly, among other things, assemblies of people and estates. According to the principle underlying the latter, they are divided into Assemblees provinciales, convened for the protection of special ... ... Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron

- (from the French assemblee assembly) 1) the name of the highest bodies of state power in a number of countries, as well as the highest bodies of some international organizations; 2) in the 18th century in Russia, meetings of balls with the participation of women in the houses of the nobility were called assemblies, ... ... Political science. Dictionary.

Books

• Defense limit, Igor Ogay. The Assembly of Worlds, which maintains the delicate balance between the competing ancient races on Earth, is again being tested for strength. From other spaces to the streets ...