In 1874, an event took place in Paris that opened a new era in painting. A group of radical artists, weary of the conservatism of the ruling circles of the French art world, showed their work at an independent exhibition of the Impressionists. Then, along with the painters and, the paintings were exhibited by the master of the secular portrait Auguste Renoir.

Childhood and youth

Pierre Auguste Renoir was born on February 25, 1841. His hometown was located in the south-west of France, the commune of Limoges. The artist was the sixth child of seven children of a poor tailor Leonard and his wife, a seamstress Margarita. Despite the fact that the family barely made ends meet, parents had enough time and love to give attention and tenderness to each of their offspring.

As a child, Pierre was a nervous and impressionable boy, but Leonard and Marguerite were sympathetic to the child's eccentricities. The father forgave his son when Auguste stole pencils and tailor's crayons from him, and his mother when he painted on the walls of the house. In 1844 the Renoirs moved to Paris. Here Auguste entered the church choir at the great Cathedral of Saint-Eustache.

Choir director Charles Gounod, having heard Auguste singing, for a couple of weeks tried to convince his parents to send the future author of the painting “Girl with a Fan” to a music school. However, in the end, Pierre preferred painting to the illusory world of sounds. Leonard gave his heir to the Levi Brothers porcelain factory when he was 13 years old. There the boy learned to paint, decorating plates, pots and vases with images that came out from under his brush.

When the company went bankrupt in 1858, the young Renoir, looking for other sources of income, painted cafe walls, blinds and awnings, copying the works of Rococo artists Antoine Watteau, Jean Honore Fragonard and Francois Boucher. According to biographers, this experience influenced the subsequent work of the graphic artist.

It was the works of the masters of the 18th century that aroused in the author of the painting "Rose" a love for bright colors and discreet lines. Auguste soon realized that his ambitions were limited by imitative work. In 1862 he entered the school of fine arts. His mentor was the Swiss artist Marc Gabriel Charles Gleyre, who adheres to the academic tradition of drawing when creating paintings.

According to this tradition, works are written exclusively on a historical or mythological motive, and only dark colors prevail in the pictorial palette. The jury of the Salon accepted such canvases for the annual official exhibition, which made it possible for novice painters to express themselves. During Renoir's studies at the academy, a revolution was brewing in the art world of France.

The artists of the Barbizon school of painting increasingly depicted the phenomena of everyday life on their canvases using the play of light and shadow. Also, the eminent realist Gustave Courbet publicly stated that the task of the painter is to display reality, and not idealized scenes in an academic style. Renoir, as well as his fellow students Claude Monet and Alfred Sisley, knew about the revolutionary mood reigning in the air.

Once, in order to indicate their position, during classes, without the permission of Gleyer, the comrades went out into the street and began to draw in the open air everything that surrounded them. First of all, beginning artists came to the forest of Fontainebleau. This place inspired the Impressionists to write masterpieces for 20 years. There, Renoir met the genre painter Gustave Courbet, whose influence can be seen in the 1866 painting Mother Anthony's Tavern. The canvas, which depicted an unidealized, everyday scene of life, became a symbol of Auguste's rejection of the academic tradition of painting.

Painting

Creative maturity comes to the Impressionists at the same time - with the onset of the 70s, which marked the beginning of the best decade in their art.

These years turned out to be the most fruitful in the artistic fate of Renoir: “The Anriot Family”, “Nude in the Sunlight”, “Pont Neuf”, “Riders in the Bois de Boulogne”, “Lodge”, “Head of a Woman”, “Grand Boulevards”, “Walk ”, “Swing”, “Ball at Le Moulin de la Galette”, “Portrait of Jeanne Samary”, “First Departure”, “Madame Charpentier with her Children”, “Dance in the City”, “A Cup of Chocolate”, “Umbrellas”, "On the Terrace", "Large Bathers", "Breakfast of the Rowers" - this is not a complete list of masterpieces created by Auguste during this period.

It is striking not only the quantity, but also the amazing genre diversity of works. Here are landscapes, and still lifes, and nudes, and portraits, and everyday scenes. It is difficult to give preference to any of them. For Renoir, they are all links in one chain, the personification of a living, quivering stream of life.

His brush, without sinning at all against the truth, with surprising ease turned an unremarkable maid into a foam-born goddess of beauty. This quality is manifested in the work of Renoir almost from his first steps in art, as evidenced by the painting "The Frog" (the second name is "Bathing in the Seine").

The liveliness of the public resting on the banks of the river, the charm of a sunny day, the silvery sheen of water and the blueness of the air served as its plot. External gloss did not captivate Renoir. He wanted to be not beautiful, but natural. To achieve this, the creator abandoned the traditional interpretation of the composition, giving the work the look of an instantly taken picture.

In the 80s, Renoir's works were in great demand. Pierre painted for financiers and wealthy shopkeepers. His canvases were exhibited in London, Brussels, as well as at the seventh International Exhibition in Paris.

Personal life

Renoir loved women, and they reciprocated. If you list the beloved painter, giving the briefest biographical information about each, the list would be a weighty volume. Models who worked with the artist stated that Auguste would never marry. The famous muse of the portrait painter, the actress Jeanne Samary, said that Pierre, through the touch of a brush on the canvas, combines the bonds of marriage with the women he paints.

Having gained fame as a talented impressionist, Renoir entered a new stage in his life in the mid-1890s. Auguste's longtime lover, Lisa Treo, got married and left the artist. Pierre began to gradually lose interest in impressionism, returning to the classics in his works. It was during this period that the author of the painting “Dancing” met the young seamstress Alina Sharigo, who later became his wife.

Pierre met his future wife at Madame Camille, a dairy located opposite his house. Despite the difference in age (Sharigot was 20 years younger than her husband), Renoir and Alina's mutual attraction to each other was impossible not to notice. A well-built young lady, according to the artist, was very "comfortable".

She wanted to constantly stroke her back, like a kitten. The girl did not understand painting, but looking at how Pierre wielded brushes, she experienced a surprisingly exciting feeling of the fullness of life. Alina, who knew a lot about both good cuisine and good wine, became a wonderful wife for the artist (although they entered into an official marriage only five years after the birth of their first son, Jean).

She never tried to impose herself on her husband's entourage, preferring to express her attitude towards her lover and his friends through cooked dishes. It is known that when the lovers lived in Montmartre, Renoir's house, with limited funds, was known as the most hospitable. Guests were often treated to boiled beef with vegetables.

Becoming the wife of the artist, Alina managed to make his life easier, protecting the creator from everything that could interfere with his work. Sharigo quickly gained universal respect. Even the misogynist Degas, having seen her once at the exhibition, said that Alina looked like a queen who visited wandering acrobats. It is known that, being married to Sharigo, the author of the painting "Two Sisters" often entered into intimacy with his models.

True, all these carnal intrigues and romantic loves did not threaten the position of Madame Renoir in any way, because she was the mother of his children (the sons Pierre, Claude and Jean were born in marriage), the hostess in his house and the one who never left Pierre a single step, when he was sick. In 1897, due to complications after a broken arm, the painter's health deteriorated sharply. The artist suffered from rheumatism, but, even being confined to a wheelchair, he continued to create new masterpieces.

The leader of the Fauvist movement, Henri Matisse, who regularly visited the paralyzed Renoir in his studio, once, unable to resist, asked about the advisability of such hard work, accompanied by constant pain. Then Auguste, without a moment's hesitation, answered his comrade that the pain he was experiencing would pass, but the beauty he had created would remain.

Death

In recent years, the same themes varied in Renoir's work: bathers, odalisques, allegorical figures and portraits of children. For the artist, these images were a symbolic designation of youth, beauty and health. The southern sun of Provence, the attractiveness of the female body, the sweet face of a child - they embodied for the author of the painting "Bouquet" the joy of being, what he devoted his art to.

The First World War disrupted the usual course of graphic life. So, from worries about the sons who went to the front, the wife of the painter Alina suddenly died. Having become a widower, tormented by illness and hunger, Auguste, by virtue of his character, did not abandon art, not overshadowed by the severity of the surrounding reality. When reality no longer provided food for creativity, he drew inspiration from the models and in the garden that grew on the slope of Mount Colette.

The eminent impressionist died of pneumonia on December 3, 1919, having managed to finish his last work, Still Life with Anemones. The seventy-eight-year-old elder remained an incorrigible admirer of sunlight and human happiness until his last breath. Now the works of Renoir adorn the galleries of Europe.

Artworks

• 1869 - "The Frog"
• 1877 - "Portrait of Jeanne Samary"
• 1877 - "First Departure"
• 1876 ​​- "Ball at the Moulin de la Galette"
• 1880 - "Figures in the garden"
• 1881 - "Breakfast of the Rowers"
• 1883 - "Dance at Bougival"
• 1886 - "Umbrellas"
• 1887 - "Big bathers"
• 1889 - Laundresses
• 1890 - "Girls in the Meadow"
• 1905 - "Landscape near Kan"
• 1911 - "Gabriel with a Rose"
• 1913 - "The Judgment of Paris"
• 1918 - "Odalisque"

The outstanding French painter, sculptor, graphic artist Pierre-Auguste Renoir lived a long and fruitful life. During his life, he created more than a thousand paintings, the price of which at auction today ranges from several tens to several hundred million dollars.

Family and childhood

Pierre Auguste Renoir was born in 1841 in a poor large family of a tailor. He was the sixth child. When he was very young, the family moved to Paris, where Renoir grew up. From an early age, he was forced to start earning a living, but his parents found him a job to his liking. As brother Augusta said, the parents saw the boy drawing with charcoal on the walls, and decided to give him as an apprentice in a porcelain painting workshop. The head of the church choir, in which the boy sang, seriously insisted that he be sent to study music, since he had excellent inclinations. But Auguste was lucky, in the workshop he learned the basics of the decorative art of painting and felt attracted to the fine arts. In the evenings, he was able to attend a free painting school.

Finding a calling

In 1861, Renoir entered the School of Fine Arts, working diligently in the workshop on and later on painting fans, he was able to save money for his studies. Auguste also visits the workshop of C. Gleyer, in which he studied alongside A. Sisley, C. Monet and F. Basil. He often went to the Louvre, where he was most inspired by the works of A. Watteau, O. Fragonard, V. Boucher.

In the early 60s, Renoir became close to the artists who would later become the basis of the Impressionist community. Since 1864, after graduating, Renoir began to work independently. At this time, he tries himself in different genres and stops his choice on the set, which he will remain true to all his life, everyday scenes, nudity and landscapes. Auguste Renoir, whose works during this period are still under the influence of the Barbizons, Courbet, Corot, Prudon, gradually develops his own style of writing.

Finding a Path in Art

After graduation, the artist Pierre-Auguste Renoir embarks on an arduous voyage of fame and income. There are times of poverty, searches and turbulent Parisian life. Renoir communicates a lot with his studio friends: Sisley, Basil, Monet, they heatedly discussed the ways of new art and authorities. For young artists, E. Manet was a big figure, who in the mid-60s became close to a group of future impressionists. Auguste Renoir, whose works are not yet in demand, paints a lot from life, a group of comrades often travels to the open air. The artist had very little money, and he shared an apartment with K. Monet, then with A. Sisley.

Impressionism and Renoir

The beginning of the 60s is the time of the formation of impressionism. Young artists, inspired by the works, strive to find new expressive forms, trying to overcome the academicism of painting of previous eras. The 70s were the time of the maturation of impressionism. In 1874, the first exhibition of artists of the new school took place, which was named after the work of C. Monet “Impression. Rising Sun". On it, Renoir shows six paintings, including The Lodge and The Dancer, but he, like the entire exhibition, was not successful. Impressionism proclaimed a new philosophy and technique, special coloring becomes important, artists strive to convey on the canvas a momentary impression of the phenomenon. At this time, Auguste Renoir, whose works are also created in the style of impressionism, works very hard, he creates a whole galaxy of masterpieces: “Ball at the Moulin de la Galette”, “Swing”, “Nude in the Sunlight”. Gradually, the paths of the Impressionists and Renoir diverge, he ceases to participate in community exhibitions, preferring to go his own way. In the late 70s - early 80s, Renoir gained some fame, and with it orders. He paints paintings that he exhibits at the Salon, in particular, the work “A Cup of Hot Chocolate”, “Portrait of Madame Charpentier with Children”. Such an exhibition made it possible to receive orders that poor Renoir needed. Also at this time, he writes famous works: “Clichy Boulevard”, “Breakfast of the Rowers”, “On the Terrace”.

Glory years

The sale of paintings allowed Renoir to travel, he visits Algeria and Italy, paints a lot of landscapes. He also gets the opportunity to live outside the city, where he always had nature. The gallery of paintings by Renoir Pierre Auguste is replenished with such works as "Umbrellas", a series of "Dances", "Large Bathers". The years from 1883 to 1890 are called the "Ingres" period, since the artist is under some influence of this painter. At this time, Pierre-Auguste Renoir becomes the most popular. The life and work of the artist gain stability. He was able to achieve a decent income, among his customers there are many representatives of the new bourgeoisie, his paintings are exhibited in Brussels, London, Paris. At this time, he travels a lot, enjoys life and works a lot. Renoir was always distinguished by high efficiency, he experienced real pleasure from painting and gave himself to the cause in full.

"Pearl" period

The last decade of the 19th century is called the "mother-of-pearl" period of the artist. Auguste Renoir, whose works retained their individuality, begins to experiment with color transitions, which gives the paintings a special charm. During this period, the artist creates such masterpieces as “Son Jean”, “Spring”, “Figures in the Garden”, “Still Life with Anemones”. These works are filled with special light and skill of a great artist.

In the last years of his life, the artist suffered from illness, which prevented him from writing, although he created a number of significant works. But at that time he gave preference to sculpture.

Private life

The biography of Auguste, who is in the best museums in the world, is not rich in events. Although there were many women in his life, he wrote a lot from a female nature, but he was happily married. He married in 1890 Alina Sharigo, a girl of peasant origin, who was calm about her husband's hobbies. She bore Renoir three sons, one of whom, Jean, became a famous film director of the 20th century.

Renoir's happy life was marred by illness, he was never in good health, but after a hand injury in 1897, he developed arthritis, which led to almost complete immobility at the end of his life. But, overcoming the pain, Renoir continued to work until the very last day of his life. The artist died on December 2, 1919.

Unknown and interesting biography facts

Auguste Renoir is a Chevalier and officer of the Legion of Honor, he received awards for his achievements in painting in 1900 and 1911.

Renoir was the work "Ball at the Moulin de la Galette", which was sold at auction for $ 78 million.

The largest collection of Renoir's work was collected by Albert Barnes, who was literally obsessed with the artist. He bought even weak student works, in addition, in his collection there are many works of the "mother-of-pearl" and "red" periods and rare paintings of the last years of his life.

On December 3, 1919, the French painter, one of the main representatives of impressionism, Auguste Renoir, passed away. His paintings were a great success with the Parisians. We decided to recall the most famous paintings by Renoir.

"Paddling pool"

Auguste Renoir painted this painting in 1869. It is kept in the National Museum of Sweden, in Stockholm. “The Frog” is a cafe on the water, located on a pontoon moored to the banks of the Seine, standing in a small branch of the river and connected to the island by a bridge thrown over a tiny island. Girls of easy virtue, the so-called “frogs”, who came here accompanied by small hooligans and crooks from the suburbs. This painting can be called impressionistic in the full sense of the word. It has all the characteristic features of movement: the study of water and highlights, colored shadows, transparency, color flicker, stroke division, the use of a light palette limited to three primary and three secondary colors. A similar picture is in Claude Monet. It is also called "The Frog". During that period, Renoir and Monet worked side by side, using identical subjects, and in very close styles.

"Swing"

Auguste Renoir painted this painting for the third exhibition of the Impressionists in 1877. The artist depicted a corner of one of the Parisian gardens. A girl in a blue and white dress adorned with many bows, flirting with two young men in straw boaters, stood on a swing board suspended under a tree. This motif of balancing equilibrium, mobile immobility can be seen as a metaphor for the impressionist painting in general. After all, the main thing in it is variability, movement, and at the same time, the impressionist artist always captures the moment of a certain static, balanced form. He painted a woman swinging on a swing, apparently, from Marguerite Legrand, a model he met in 1875, and who also posed for the painting Ball at the Moulin de la Galette. Since 1877, the painting "Swing" was in the collection of the French marchand and artist Gustave Caillebotte. In 1986, the painting was transferred to the Musée d'Orsay, where it remains to this day.

"Ball at the Moulin de la Galette"

This painting was painted by Auguste Renoir in 1876. It is considered not only the main work in the artist's work, but also the most expensive. At Sotheby's in New York in 1990, it was sold for $78 million and is still among the most expensive paintings ever sold at auction. Pierre-Auguste Renoir is "the only great artist who who wrote not a single sad picture in his life, "- the writer Octave Mirbaud claimed in 1913. "The Ball at the Moulin de la Galette" is the most striking example of the "sunny" art of the painter. Auguste Renoir lived in the Parisian district of Montmartre. And the plot of his painting he found in the same restaurant "Moulin de la Galette". The painting depicts acquaintances and friends of the artist. The painting is in the Musée d'Orsay in Paris.

"Portrait of the Actress Jeanne Samary"

On this canvas, Renoir depicted a portrait of a young actress of the Comedie Francaise theater. Painting from 1877. Stored in Moscow, in the Pushkin Museum. Renoir painted four portraits of Jeanne Samary, each of which is significantly different in size, composition, and color from the others. Jeanne Samary, before her marriage, lived not far from Renoir's workshop on Rue Frochot and often came to pose for him. This portrait is called one of the most impressionistic portraits in all of Renoir's work. In the last picture, Jeanne Samary is shown in full growth in a beautiful evening dress with a huge train, a deep neckline and bare arms covered almost to the elbow with white gloves. Renoir painted Jeanne Samary as a striking beauty. Renoir managed to convey in the expression of her face that attractive playfulness, mischief and spontaneity of expression of thoughts and feelings that were characteristic of her spiritual appearance and her stage talent.

"Breakfast of the Rowers"

This picture turned out to be a milestone in the work of Renoir. At this time, in 1880 - 1881, the artist makes his first long journeys to Algeria and Italy, sums up his creative activity and already in Italy he is disappointed in something, but wants to actively change something in his art. There comes a period of new searches, new doubts, a new pictorial manner. The "Rowers' Breakfast" turned out to be at the center of his creative and life path. The painting was painted at the Fournaise restaurant in Paris. In fact, this is a group portrait of a meeting of friends. Again, Renoir painted portraits of his real friends. In February 1881, the painting was bought from Renoir by the famous Marchand Paul Durand-Ruel for 15,000 francs, which was quite a high price for that time. After his death, Durand-Ruel's sons sold the painting for $125,000 to renowned American collector Duncan Phillips. Since 1930, this collection has moved to a building in Washington's Dupont Circle neighborhood, which has since been used as an art museum, the Phillips Collection.

"Umbrellas"

This painting was started in 1880-1881 and finished in 1885-1886. Renoir began painting as a "pure" impressionist, but soon became frustrated with this style. The painter was strongly influenced by the impression of a trip to Italy, as a result of which he turned to older artistic methods. A distinct contour of the figures appeared in the picture. Noisy, crowded Parisian street. Rain. Lots of umbrellas. Original idea: to convey the bustle and at the same time purely Parisian charm and charm through the cluster and crush ... of umbrellas. The picture embodies the ideal of the aspirations of two arts - painting and photography: from the first - the spirituality of perception, from the latter - “instantaneity” (the artist even cuts off the figures at the edges, as happens in photographs). This technique was popular with the impressionists of that time. The painting "Umbrellas" is kept in the National Gallery in London.

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Pierre Auguste Renoir (French Pierre-Auguste Renoir; February 25, 1841, Limoges - December 2, 1919, Cagnes-sur-Mer) - French painter, graphic artist and sculptor, one of the main representatives of impressionism. Renoir is known primarily as a master of a secular portrait, not devoid of sentimentality; he was the first of the Impressionists to win success with wealthy Parisians. In the mid 1880s. actually broke with impressionism, returning to the linearity of classicism, to engrism. The father of the famous director.

Auguste Renoir was born on February 25, 1841 in Limoges, a city located in the south of Central France. Renoir was the sixth child of a poor tailor named Leonard and his wife, Marguerite.
In 1844, the Renoirs moved to Paris, and here Auguste entered the church choir at the great Cathedral of Saint-Eustache. He had such a voice that the choir director, Charles Gounod, tried to convince the boy's parents to send him to study music. However, in addition to this, Auguste showed the gift of an artist, and when he was 13 years old, he began to help his family by getting a job with a master, from whom he learned to paint porcelain plates and other dishes. In the evenings, Auguste attended a painting school.

"Dance at Bougival" (1883), Boston Museum of Fine Arts

In 1865, at the house of his friend, the artist Jules Le Coeur, he met a 16-year-old girl, Lisa Treo, who soon became Renoir's lover and his favorite model. In 1870, their daughter Jeanne Marguerite was born, although Renoir refused to acknowledge his paternity officially. Their relationship continued until 1872, when Lisa left Renoir and married another.
Renoir's creative career was interrupted in 1870-1871, when he was drafted into the army during the Franco-Prussian war, which ended in a crushing defeat for France.

Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Alina Charigot, 1885, Museum of Art, Philadelphia

In 1890, Renoir married Alina Charigot, whom he had met ten years earlier when she was a 21-year-old seamstress. They already had a son, Pierre, born in 1885, and after the wedding they had two more sons - Jean, born in 1894, and Claude (known as "Coco"), born in 1901 and became one of the most beloved models father.

By the time his family was finally formed, Renoir had achieved success and fame, was recognized as one of the leading artists of France and managed to receive the title of Knight of the Legion of Honor from the state.

Renoir's personal happiness and professional success were overshadowed by illness. In 1897, Renoir broke his right arm after falling off his bicycle. As a result, he developed rheumatism, from which he suffered for the rest of his life. Rheumatism made it difficult for Renoir to live in Paris, and in 1903 the Renoir family moved to an estate called "Colette" in the small town of Cagnes-sur-Mer.
After an attack of paralysis that occurred in 1912, despite two surgical operations, Renoir was chained to a wheelchair, but continued to paint with a brush that a nurse put between his fingers.

In the last years of his life, Renoir gained fame and universal recognition. In 1917, when his "Umbrellas" were exhibited at the London National Gallery, hundreds of British artists and ordinary art lovers sent him congratulations, which said: "From the moment your painting was hung in the same row with the works of the old masters, we experienced the joy that our contemporary took his rightful place in European painting. Renoir's painting was also exhibited at the Louvre, and in August 1919 the artist visited Paris for the last time to look at it.

On December 3, 1919, Pierre-Auguste Renoir died in Cagnes-sur-Mer from pneumonia at the age of 78. Buried in Essua.

Marie-Félix Hippolyte-Lucas (1854-1925) - portrait by Renoir 1919

1862-1873 Choice of genres

"Spring Bouquet" (1866). Museum of Harvard University.

In early 1862, Renoir passed the exams at the School of Fine Arts at the Academy of Arts and enrolled in Gleyre's studio. There he met Fantin-Latour, Sisley, Basil and Claude Monet. Soon they became friends with Cezanne and Pizarro, so the backbone of the future Impressionist group was formed.
In his early years, Renoir was influenced by the work of the Barbizons, Corot, Prudhon, Delacroix and Courbet.
In 1864, Gleyre closed the workshop, the training ended. Renoir began to paint his first canvases and then for the first time presented the painting "Esmeralda dancing among the tramps" to the Salon. She was accepted, but when the canvas was returned to him, the author destroyed it.
Having chosen genres for his works in those years, he did not change them until the end of his life. This is a landscape - "Jules le Coeur in the Forest of Fontainebleau" (1866), everyday scenes - "The Frog" (1869), "Pont Neuf" (1872), still life - "Spring Bouquet" (1866), "Still Life with a Bouquet and a Fan" (1871), portrait - "Lisa with an umbrella" (1867), "Odalisque" (1870), nude - "Diana the huntress" (1867).
In 1872, Renoir and his friends created the Anonymous Cooperative Partnership.

1874-1882 Struggle for recognition

"Ball at the Moulin de la Galette" (1876). Musee d'Orsay.

The first exhibition of the partnership opened on April 15, 1874. Renoir presented pastels and six paintings, among which were "Dancer" and "Lodge" (both - 1874). The exhibition ended in failure, and the members of the partnership received an insulting nickname - "Impressionists".
Despite poverty, it was during these years that the artist created his main masterpieces: Grands Boulevards (1875), Walk (1875), Ball at the Moulin de la Galette (1876), Nude (1876), Nude in the Sunlight" (1876), "Swing" (1876), "First Departure" (1876/1877), "Path in the Tall Grass" (1877).
Renoir gradually ceased to participate in exhibitions of the Impressionists. In 1879, he presented the full-figure Portrait of the Actress Jeanne Samary (1878) and Portrait of Madame Charpentier with Children (1878) to the Salon in 1879 and achieved universal recognition, and after that financial independence. He continued to write new canvases - in particular, the famous "Clichy Boulevard" (1880), "Breakfast of the Rowers" (1881), "On the Terrace" (1881), which became famous.

1883-1890 "Engrov period"

"Big bathers" (1884-1887). Museum of Art, Philadelphia.

Renoir traveled to Algeria, then to Italy, where he became closely acquainted with the works of the Renaissance classics, after which his artistic taste changed. Renoir painted a series of paintings "Dance in the Village" (1882/1883), "Dance in the City" (1883), "Dance in Bougival" (1883), as well as such canvases as "In the Garden" (1885) and "Umbrellas" (1881/1886), where the impressionist past is still visible, but Renoir's new approach to painting appears.
The so-called "Ingres period" opens. The most famous work of this period is The Great Bathers (1884/1887). For the construction of the composition, the author first used sketches and sketches. The lines of the drawing became clear and defined. The colors lost their former brightness and saturation, the painting as a whole began to look more restrained and colder.

1891-1902 "Pearl period"

"Girls at the Piano" (1892). Musee d'Orsay.

In 1892, Durand-Ruel opened a large exhibition of paintings by Renoir, which was a great success. Recognition also came from government officials - the painting "Girls at the Piano" (1892) was purchased for the Luxembourg Museum.
Renoir traveled to Spain, where he got acquainted with the work of Velasquez and Goya.
In the early 90s, new changes took place in Renoir art. In a picturesque manner, an iridescence of color appeared, which is why this period is sometimes called "mother-of-pearl".
At this time, Renoir painted such paintings as "Apples and Flowers" (1895/1896), "Spring" (1897), "Son Jean" (1900), "Portrait of Mrs. Gaston Bernheim" (1901). He traveled to the Netherlands, where he was interested in the paintings of Vermeer and Rembrandt.

1903-1919 "Red Period"

"Gabriel in a red blouse" (1910). Collection of M. Wertem, New York.

The "pearl" period gave way to the "red", so named because of the preference for shades of reddish and pink flowers.
Renoir continued to paint sunny landscapes, still lifes with bright colors, portraits of his children, naked women, created A Walk (1906), Portrait of Ambroise Vollard (1908), Gabriel in a Red Blouse (1910), Bouquet of Roses "(1909/1913)," Woman with a mandolin "(1919).

In the film "Amelie" the neighbor of the main character Ramon Dufael has been making copies of Renoir's painting "Breakfast of the Rowers" for 10 years.
A close friend of Auguste Renoir was Henri Matisse, who was almost 28 years his junior. When O. Renoir was essentially bedridden due to illness, A. Matisse visited him every day. Renoir, almost paralyzed by arthritis, overcoming pain, continued to paint in his studio. Once, watching the pain with which each stroke of the brush is given to him, Matisse could not stand it and asked: “Auguste, why don’t you leave painting, are you suffering so much?” Renoir limited himself to only the answer: “La douleur passe, la beauté reste” (Pain passes, but beauty remains). And this was the whole Renoir, who worked until his last breath.