The mysterious world of art may seem confusing to an inexperienced person, but there are masterpieces that everyone should know. Talent, inspiration and painstaking work on every stroke give rise to works that are admired centuries later.

It is impossible to collect all the outstanding creations in one selection, but we have tried to select the most famous paintings that collect gigantic queues in front of museums around the world.

The most famous paintings by Russian artists

"Morning in a pine forest", Ivan Shishkin and Konstantin Savitsky

Year of creation: 1889
Museum

Shishkin was an excellent landscape painter, but he rarely had to draw animals, so Savitsky, an excellent animal painter, painted the figures of the cubs. At the end of the work, Tretyakov ordered Savitsky's signature to be erased, believing that Shishkin had done much more extensive work.

"Ivan the Terrible and his son Ivan on November 16, 1581" by Ilya Repin

Years of creation: 1883–1885
Museum: Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow

To create a masterpiece, better known as "Ivan the Terrible kills his son", Repin was inspired by the symphony "Antar" by Rimsky-Korsakov, namely, its second movement called "The Sweetness of Revenge". Under the influence of the sounds of music, the artist depicted a bloody scene of murder and subsequent repentance, observed in the eyes of the sovereign.

Seated Demon, Mikhail Vrubel

Year of creation: 1890
Museum: Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow

The painting was one of thirty illustrations drawn by Vrubel for the anniversary edition of the works of M.Yu. Lermontov. The "seated demon" personifies the doubts inherent in the human spirit, the subtle, elusive "mood of the soul." According to experts, the artist was to some extent obsessed with the image of a demon: this painting was followed by "Demon flying" and "Demon defeated".

"Boyar Morozova", Vasily Surikov

Years of creation: 1884–1887
Museum: Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow

The plot of the Old Believer life "The Tale of the Boyar Morozova" formed the basis of the picture. The understanding of the key image came to the artist when he saw a crow spreading its black wings like a spot on a snowy canvas. Later, Surikov searched for a prototype for the noblewoman’s face for a long time, but could not find anything suitable, until one day he met an Old Believer woman with a pale, frantic face in the cemetery. The portrait sketch was completed in two hours.

Bogatyrs, Viktor Vasnetsov

Years of creation: 1881–1898
Museum: Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow

The future epic masterpiece was born as a small pencil sketch in 1881; for further work on the canvas, Vasnetsov painstakingly collected information about the heroes from myths, legends and traditions for many years, and also studied authentic ancient Russian ammunition in museums.

Analysis of Vasnetsov's painting "Three Heroes"

"Bathing the Red Horse", Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin

Year of creation: 1912
Museum: Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow

Initially, the painting was conceived as a household sketch from the life of a Russian village, but during the work, the artist’s canvas acquired a huge number of symbols. By the red horse, Petrov-Vodkin meant "The Fate of Russia"; after the country's entry into the First World War, he exclaimed: "So that's why I painted this picture!". However, after the revolution, pro-Soviet art critics interpreted the key figure of the canvas as a "harbinger of revolutionary fires."

"Trinity", Andrey Rublev

Year of creation: 1411
Museum: Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow

The icon that laid the foundation for the tradition of Russian icon painting of the 15th-16th centuries. The canvas depicting the Old Testament trinity of angels who appeared to Abraham is a symbol of the unity of the Holy Trinity.

The Ninth Wave, Ivan Aivazovsky

Year of creation: 1850
Museum

A pearl in the "cartography" of the legendary domestic marine painter, who can be without hesitation classified as one of the most famous artists in the world. We can see how miraculously surviving sailors after the storm cling to the mast in anticipation of a meeting with the "ninth wave", the mythical apogee of all storms. But the warm shades that dominate the canvas give hope for the salvation of the victims.

"The Last Day of Pompeii", Karl Bryullov

Years of creation: 1830–1833
Museum: Russian Museum, St. Petersburg

Completed in 1833, Bryullov's painting was originally exhibited in the largest cities of Italy, where it caused a real sensation - the painter was compared with Michelangelo, Titian, Raphael ... At home, the masterpiece was met with no less enthusiasm, securing Bryullov's nickname "Charles the Great". The canvas is truly great: its dimensions are 4.6 by 6.5 meters, which makes it one of the largest paintings among the creations of Russian artists.

The most famous paintings by Leonardo da Vinci

"Mona Lisa"

Years of creation: 1503–1505
Museum: Louvre, Paris

A masterpiece of Florentine genius that needs no introduction. It is noteworthy that the painting received cult status after the incident with the abduction from the Louvre in 1911. Two years later, the kidnapper, who turned out to be a museum employee, tried to sell the painting to the Uffizi Gallery. The events of the high-profile case were covered in detail in the world press, after which hundreds of thousands of reproductions went on sale, and the mysterious Mona Lisa became an object of worship.

Years of creation: 1495–1498
Museum: Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan

Five centuries later, a fresco with a classical story on the wall of the refectory of a Dominican monastery in Milan is recognized as one of the most mysterious paintings in history. As conceived by Da Vinci, the picture depicts the moment of the Easter meal, when Christ notifies the disciples of the imminent betrayal. The sheer quantity of hidden symbols has given rise to an equally vast array of studies, allusions, borrowings, and parodies.

"Madonna Litta"

Year of creation: 1491
Museum: Hermitage, St. Petersburg

The painting, also known as the Madonna and Child, was kept in the collection of the Dukes of Litta for a long time, and in 1864 it was bought by the St. Petersburg Hermitage. Many experts agree that the figure of the baby was not painted personally by da Vinci, but by one of his students - a pose that is too uncharacteristic for a painter.

The most famous paintings of Salvador Dali

Year of creation: 1931
Museum: Museum of Modern Art, New York

Paradoxically, the most famous work of the surrealist genius was born from thoughts of Camembert cheese. One evening, after a friendly dinner that ended with appetizers with cheese, the artist immersed himself in thoughts about the “spreading pulp”, and his imagination painted a picture like a melting clock with an olive branch in the foreground.

Year of creation: 1955
Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington

A traditional plot that received a surreal canvas using arithmetic principles studied by Leonardo da Vinci. The artist put the original magic of the number "12" at the forefront, moving away from the hermeneutical method of interpreting the biblical story.

The most famous paintings by Pablo Picasso

Year of creation: 1905
Museum: Pushkin Museum, Moscow

The painting became the first signs of the so-called "pink" period in the work of Picasso. A rough texture and a simplified style are combined with a sensitive play of lines and colors, a contrast between the massive figure of an athlete and a fragile gymnast. The canvas was sold along with 29 other works for 2 thousand francs (in total) to the Parisian collector Vollard, changed several collections, and in 1913 it was acquired by the Russian philanthropist Ivan Morozov, already for 13 thousand francs.

Year of creation: 1937
Museum: Reina Sofia Museum, Madrid

Guernica is the name of a city in the Basque country that was bombed by the Germans in April 1937. Picasso had never been to Guernica, but was stunned by the scale of the catastrophe, like a "blow of a bull's horn." The artist conveyed the horrors of war in an abstract form and showed the real face of fascism, veiling it with bizarre geometric shapes.

The most famous paintings of the Renaissance

"Sistine Madonna", Raphael Santi

Years of creation: 1512–1513
Museum: Old Masters Gallery, Dresden

If you look closely at the background, which at first glance consists of clouds, you will notice that in fact Raphael depicted the heads of angels there. The two angels located at the bottom of the picture are known almost more than the masterpiece itself, due to the wide circulation in mass art.

The Birth of Venus by Sandro Botticelli

Year of creation: 1486
Museum: Uffizi Gallery, Florence

The painting is based on the ancient Greek myth about the birth of Aphrodite from sea foam. Unlike many masterpieces of the Renaissance, the canvas has survived to this day in excellent condition thanks to the protective layer of egg yolk with which Botticelli prudently covered the work.

The Creation of Adam by Michelangelo Buonarotti

Year of creation: 1511
Museum: Sistine Chapel, Vatican

One of the nine frescoes on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, illustrating the chapter from Genesis: "And God created man in his own image." It was Michelangelo who first portrayed God as a wise-haired old man, after which this image became archetypal. Modern scientists believe that the contours of the figure of God and angels represent the human brain.

"Night Watch", Rembrandt

Year of creation: 1642
Museum: Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

The full title of the painting is "Speech of the Rifle Company of Captain Frans Banning Cock and Lieutenant Willem van Ruytenbürg." The painting received its modern name in the 19th century, when it was found by art historians, who, because of the layer of dirt covering the work, decided that the action in the painting takes place under the cover of night darkness.

The Garden of Earthly Delights Hieronymus Bosch

Years of creation: 1500–1510
Museum: Prado Museum, Madrid

Perhaps the most famous Bosch triptych, named after the central part of the composition: the figures depicted on it selflessly indulge in the sin of voluptuousness. In contrast to the full of small, "bustling" details of the middle part, the left wing of the picture, depicting a true paradise, conveys an atmosphere of peace and tranquility, while the right wing, full of diabolical mechanisms, on the contrary, recalls hellish torments.

The most famous paintings of the XX century

"Black Square", Kazimir Malevich

Year of creation: 1915
Museum: Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow

Malevich wrote Black Square for several months; the legend says that a painting is hidden under a layer of black paint - the artist did not have time to finish the work on time and, in a fit of anger, smeared over the image. There are at least seven copies of the "Black Square" made by Malevich, as well as a kind of "continuation" of the Suprematist squares - "Red Square" (1915) and "White Square" (1918).

"Scream", Edvard Munch

Year of creation: 1893
Museum: National Gallery, Oslo

Due to the inexplicable mystical effect on the viewer, the painting was stolen in 1994 and 2004. There is an opinion that the picture created at the turn of the 20th century anticipated numerous catastrophes of the coming century. The deep symbolism of The Scream has inspired many artists, including Andy Warhol, directors, musicians, and even animators.

Walk, Marc Chagall

Year of creation: 1918
Museum: Russian Museum, St. Petersburg

If you were also tormented by the question: “Why do people in the painting by Marc Chagall soar in the air?”, Here is the answer from the artist himself - the power that can give a person the opportunity to fly is nothing more than love. It is believed that the man and woman on the canvas are Marc Chagall and his wife.

No. 5, 1948, Jackson Pollock

Year of creation: 1948
Museum: Private collection, New York

This painting still causes a lot of controversy. Some art historians believe that the hype around the painting, painted in the proprietary spatter technique, was artificially created. The canvas was not sold until all the other works of the artist were bought, respectively, the price for a non-objective masterpiece skyrocketed. Number Five was sold for $140 million, making it the most expensive painting in history.

Diptych Marilyn, Andy Warhol

Year of creation: 1962
Museum: Tate Gallery, London

A week after the death of Marilyn Monroe, the scandalous artist began work on the canvas. 50 stencil portraits of the actress were applied to the canvas, stylized in the pop art genre based on a 1953 photograph.
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Among all the most famous artists, I would like to highlight the work of the artist Miftyakhov Marat Khaidarovich.
The landscapes of Marat are amazing and unique.
Pictures are different realistic and unrealistic, understandable and incomprehensible.
If you see that a glass is drawn in the picture, then this is quite obvious and what is there to think about? You looked at the picture and realized that it was a glass, tomorrow you looked again and again and realized that it was a glass ... Most likely, after looking at a similar picture once, you no longer want to look at it again, since it is obvious and does not need in explanation. Marat's paintings are the complete opposite of such paintings. They attract and fascinate by the fact that they depict completely unfamiliar and incomprehensible objects and landscapes, creating fantastic views in combination with each other.
The paintings contain many different small details.
It is very difficult to see the whole picture in detail at once, such pictures need to be viewed multiple times. And each time, approaching the picture, the viewer can discover something new, something that he had not noticed before. This quality is inherent in all the paintings of Marat and it attracts even more to their viewing. The pictures are informative and carry a deep philosophical meaning.

“I consider Renato Guttuso the most significant artist of modern Western Europe,” wrote J. Berger.

And here are the words of Carlo Levi “Guttuso is a great artist: and not only in Sicily and Italy. Now he is one of the largest artists in the world. I am deeply convinced of this and I am happy that I can state this without restrictions and reservations, with full responsibility.”

Renato Guttuso was born in Sicily in Bagheria near Palermo on December 26, 1911 (according to other sources - January 2, 1912), in the family of a surveyor. He received his first professional skills from the folk master Emilio Murdolo, who painted carriages. Studying at the Lyceum, Guttuso is also engaged in painting: he gets acquainted with books on art, visits the workshops of artists. At the end of the twenties, his first paintings appear.

At the first Quadriennale (a four-year exhibition of Italian artists), he had little success - two of his paintings drew the attention of critics.

Already during his lifetime, the name of Dali was surrounded by a halo of world fame. No one, except Pablo Picasso, could compare with him in fame.

The famous film director Alfred Hitchcock wrote: “I appreciated Dali for the cutting contours of his paintings - of course, in many ways similar to de Chirico's paintings - for his long shadows, endless estrangement, elusive line that goes to infinity, for faces without form. Naturally, he invented many more very strange things that could not be realized.

Dali said about his painting: “How do you want to understand my paintings, when I myself, who created them, do not understand them either. The fact that I do not understand my paintings at the moment when I am painting does not mean that these paintings do not have any meaning, on the contrary, their meaning is so deep, complex, connected, involuntary that it eludes mere logical analysis.

Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dali y Domenech was born on May 11, 1904 in the small town of Figueres (province of Girona), in the family of a lawyer. He was christened with the same name as his brother, who died at the age of seven from meningitis. In his autobiography, the artist writes: “Having been born, I took the place of the adored deceased, whom they continued to love through me ... All my subsequent eccentric actions, all my inconsistent antics were the tragic constant of my life: I had to prove to myself that I was not mine. dead brother, but a living one. That is how I encountered the myth of Castor and Pollux: by killing my own brother within me, I won my own immortality.”

“Realism is not a formula established once and for all, not a dogma, not an immutable law. Realism, as a form of reflection of reality, must be in constant motion,” says Siqueiros. And one more statement of his: “The viewer is not a statue that is included in the linear perspective of the picture ... he is the one who moves across its entire surface ... a person, surveying the painting, complements the artist’s work with his movement.”

On December 29, 1896, in the Mexican town of Chihuahua, Don Cipriano Alfaro and Teresa Siqueiros had a son, Jose David Alfaro Siqueiros. By the age of eleven, he showed the gift of a painter, so in 1907 the boy was sent to study at the National Preparatory School in Mexico City. Shortly thereafter, Alfaro begins to study in the classes of the San Carlos Art Academy.

Here Siqueiros becomes one of the student leaders and raises the academy to protest and strike. The artist recalls: “What were the aims of our strike? What did we require? Our demands concerned both educational and political issues. We wanted to do away with the musty academic routine that reigned supreme in our school. At the same time, we made some demands of an economic nature... We demanded the nationalization of the railways. All of Mexico laughed at us… Frankly speaking, I am deeply convinced that it was on that day that an artist-citizen was born in the soul of each of us, an artist living in public interests…”

Plastov's canvases are full of life-affirming power. Through color and thanks to color, he fills his paintings with a lively, quivering feeling. The artist says: “I love this life. And when you see her year after year ... you think that you need to tell people about it ... Our life is full and rich, there are so many amazingly interesting things in it that even the ordinary everyday affairs of our people attract attention, shake the soul. You have to be able to see it, notice it."

Arkady Alexandrovich Plastov was born on January 31, 1893 in the village of Prislonikha, Simbirsk province, into the family of a village icon painter. His parents dreamed that their son would become a priest. After graduating from three classes of a rural school, in 1903 Arkady was sent to the Simbirsk Theological School. Five years later he entered the Simbirsk Theological Seminary.

In the spring of the same year, 1908, he came into close contact with the work of an artel of icon painters who were renovating the church in Prislonikha. “When they began to put up scaffolding,” the artist writes in his autobiography, “rubbing paints, cooking drying oil on the steep bank of the river, I myself was not myself and walked, as if enchanted, near the arriving miracle workers.” Watching how a new, unprecedented world of images was born on the walls of an old, sooty church, the boy firmly decided: "To be only a painter and nothing more."

Chagall can be understood through “feeling” and not “comprehension”. "The sky, flight - the main state of Chagall's brush," Andrey Voznesensky noted.

“I walked on the moon,” the artist said, “when there were no astronauts yet. In my paintings, the characters were in the sky and in the air ... "

Mark Zakharovich Chagall was born on July 7, 1887 in the city of Vitebsk. He was the eldest of ten children of a small merchant. His father served as a worker for a herring merchant, and his mother, Feiga, kept a petty shop. In 1905, Mark graduated from the four-year city trade school.

The first teacher of Mark was in 1906 Yu.M. Peng. In his autobiography, entitled “My Life,” Chagall dedicates the following lines to Yuri Moiseevich: “Peng is dear to me. So his trembling figure stands before his eyes. In my memory, he lives next to his father. Often, mentally walking along the deserted streets of my city, I stumble upon it every now and then. How many times I was ready to beg him, standing on the threshold of the school: I don’t need fame, just to become like you, a modest master, or to hang, instead of your paintings, on your street, in your house, next to you. Let me!”

The famous critic Paul Husson wrote in 1922 of Modigliani:

“After Gauguin, he was undoubtedly the best able to express the feeling of the tragic in his work, but with him this feeling was more intimate and usually devoid of any exclusivity.

... This artist carries within himself all the unspoken aspirations for a new expressiveness, characteristic of an era that yearns for the absolute and does not know the ways to it.

Amedeo Clemente Modigliani was born on July 12, 1884 to Italian Jewish parents. His father, Flaminio Modigliani, after the bankruptcy of his office "Firewood, Coal", headed the office of an intermediary. Mother, Evgenia Garsen, came from a merchant family.

Picasso said: "Art is a lie that helps us understand the truth."

Pablo Ruiz Picasso was born on October 25, 1881 in Malaga, Spain, to the artist Don Jose Ruiz and Maria Picasso y Lopez. Over time, the artist took the name of his mother. My father was a modest art teacher, sometimes taking orders for interior painting. The boy began to draw very early. The very first sketches amaze with artistry, professional skill. The first picture of the young artist was called "Picador".

When Pablo turns ten years old, he moves with his family to A Coruña. In 1892, he entered the local Art School, where his father taught a class in drawing and ornamentation.

G.S. Oganov writes: “... The artist sought to reveal the life of the image through the expressiveness of form, hence the search for dynamic tension, rhythm and color. Of course, the viewer is not struck by these searches themselves, but, above all, by the result. And this result in Petrov-Vodkin still always goes beyond purely compositional-decorative, pictorial searches - there is always the life of the spirit in a concrete-psychological and at the same time philosophical-generalized expression. This gives the scale to his works and makes them, despite all the external, formal parallels with ancient Russian or modern Western European art, original, original, deeply independent works.

Kuzma Sergeevich Petrov-Vodkin was born on the Volga in the small town of Khvalynsk on November 5, 1878. He was the first-born in the family of the shoemaker Sergei Fedorovich Vodkin and his wife Anna Panteleevna, nee Petrova. When the boy was in his third year, his father was taken into the army and sent to serve in St. Petersburg, on Okhta. Soon Anna Panteleevna also moved there with her little son. Two and a half years later there was a return to Khvalynsk, where the mother entered the service in the house of the local rich. Kuzma lived with her in the wing.

I.E. Repin called Kustodiev "a hero of Russian painting." “A great Russian artist - and with a Russian soul,” another famous painter, M.V., said about him. Nesterov. And here is what N.A. Sautin: “Kustodiev is an artist of versatile talent. A magnificent painter, he entered Russian art as the author of significant works of everyday genre, original landscapes and portraits profound in content. An excellent draftsman and graphic artist, Kustodiev worked in linocut and woodcuts, performed book illustrations and theater sketches. He developed his own original artistic system, managed to feel and embody the original features of Russian life.

Boris Mikhailovich Kustodiev was born on March 7, 1878 in Astrakhan. His father, Mikhail Lukich Kustodiev, who taught Russian language, literature, logic at the Astrakhan women's gymnasium and seminary, died when the boy was not even two years old. All worries about the upbringing of four children fell on the shoulders of the mother, Ekaterina Prokhorovna. Mother rented a small outbuilding in the house of a wealthy merchant. As Boris Mikhailovich recalls: “The whole way of a rich and abundant merchant life was in full view ... These were the living types of Ostrovsky ...” Decades later, these impressions materialize in Kustodiev’s paintings.

The founder of his own abstract style - Suprematism - Kazimir Severinovich Malevich was born on February 23, 1878 (according to other sources - 1879) in Kyiv. Parents Severin Antonovich and Ludwig Alexandrovna were Poles by origin. Later, the artist recalled: “The circumstances in which my childhood life proceeded were as follows: my father worked at sugar beet factories, which are usually built in the deep wilderness, far from cities and towns.”

Around 1890, the father was transferred to the plant, which was located in the village of Parkhomovka, near Belopolye. Here, Kazimir graduated from a five-year agricultural school: “The village ... was engaged in art (I didn’t know such a word then) ... I watched with great excitement how the peasants made paintings, and helped them smear the floors of the hut with clay and make patterns on the stove ... The whole life of the peasants fascinated me strongly ... Against this background, feelings for art, for art, developed in me. Four years later, the family moved to a factory in Volchka, and then moved to Konotop.

It is difficult to assess the significance of this or that artist for world art. But among the many authors, one can single out several of the most prominent personalities, whose work will not leave any critics indifferent. The most famous artists in the world, who are included in our list, no doubt deserve this title.

1. Leonardo da Vinci

One of the most brilliant people in history can be called Leonardo da Vinci. This man managed to become famous not only as a talented artist and sculptor, but also as a brilliant researcher, scientist, engineer, musician, philosopher and chemist. The paintings of Leonardo da Vinci also deserve high praise. Only 17 of them have survived to our time: "Gioconda", "Last Supper", "Annunciation" and others.

Leonardo da Vinci was born in the spring of 1452 in Anciano. He moved from Florence to Venice and back, served several dukes of Milan, survived years of war between Italy and France, negotiated between the Pope and the French king, competed with famous artists Michelangelo and Raphael.

At the beginning of 1516, Leonardo da Vinci began to serve King Francis I, almost immediately endearing himself to the monarch. For a talented artist, the crown allocated the Klo estate and a decent pension. Here Leonardo lived the last three years of his life, leaving behind many unfinished masterpieces of painting and unsolved messages.

2. Pablo Picasso

Pablo Picasso is the most famous Spanish artist. Born in 1881 in Malaga. At the age of 13, he began to study painting at the Art Academy in Barcelona, ​​and after graduation he entered the capital's San Fernando. After studying in Madrid, Picasso moved to Paris, where he created most of his best masterpieces.

All the work of this artist can be divided into several stages. During the blue period, Pablo painted poor people mostly in cold colors. Enlightenment came in the rose period after Picasso met Fernande Olivier, his muse and first love. She gave the artist's canvases bright shades, pink and orange tones.

During the African period, African notes begin to openly appear in the paintings, intertwining with the traditional European style. One of the most controversial period of creativity of this Spanish artist is cubism. More bright colors appear on the canvases of Picasso during neoclassicism. It affects the wedding of the artist and ballerina Olga Khokhlova, as well as the appearance of an heir.

A little later, family life leaves a completely different imprint on the work of Pablo Picasso. This period is called surrealism. It is expressed by a series of paintings depicting monstrous women. A new era was opened by Francoise Gilot, who became the new wife of Pablo Picasso. It is believed that it was she who inspired him to create the world-famous painting called "The Dove of Peace."

At the age of eighty, the artist marries again. Pablo Picasso died in 1973, leaving behind about 20,000 works.

3. Vincent van Gogh

The craving for painting woke up with Vincent van Gogh quite late. This famous Dutch artist was born in the spring of 1853. At the age of 16, Vincent starts trading in works of art in The Hague. He also begins to paint a little, trying to make decent reproductions of paintings by famous authors. Since 1875, Vincent moved to Paris, where the Luxembourg Museum and the famous Louvre await him.

In early 1878, Van Gogh began work as a preacher in a small village in southern Belgium, but very soon became disillusioned with religion. Returning to the capital of France, the artist literally absorbs the basics of impressionism and neo-impressionism in two years. Then he develops his own unique style with great effort. Vincent's innovation literally blows up Paris!

From the end of 1889, Van Gogh's mental disorders worsened, more and more often there were fits of insanity and attempts to commit suicide. Brother Theo takes him from Paris and settles him in a small village. In the summer of 1890, Vincent travels to Paris to meet his brother. Exactly three weeks after his arrival, Van Gogh kills himself with a revolver shot in the chest area.

4. Claude Monet

The founder of impressionism is the famous French artist Claude Monet, and the first painting in this style was his depiction of dawn in the port of Le Havre.

Claude Monet was born in the capital of France in 1840. At the age of five, he moves with his family to the city of Le Havre in Normandy. Here the little artist learns to draw and everyone celebrates his outstanding talent. Claude Monet's father even offered his son to put his paintings up for sale in his grocery store.

In 1860, the young artist was called to serve in the army. But two years later he entered the painting studio, where he met future like-minded people: Basil, Renoir and Sisley.

During his life, the artist married twice. The first marriage was with Camille Donsier, and the second with Alice Hoschede. The portrait of Camilla, which he painted four years before their wedding, brought great fame to the artist. Both eyes of the artist became inflamed from constant hard work. The doctors performed the operation and strictly forbade Claude from continuing to paint. But this did not stop him and he continued to paint picture after picture. Claude Monet died in 1926, and after 15 years his work was finally appreciated.

5. Rembrandt Van Rijn

Rembrandt van Rijn is one of the most famous artists in the world. Born in Holland in 1606. All the young years of the future master took place in his native Leiden, and in 1632 he moved to Amsterdam. Much attention in the artist's paintings is paid to the play of light and shadow, which gives his paintings a unique atmosphere of emotional tension.

In 1642, Rembrandt loses his wife and paints The Night Watch, which brings him unprecedented fame. The complex composition of this canvas was quite different from the usual style of a group portrait.

In the following years, the artist writes a lot and his paintings are well received by critics. In 1668, he loses his new muse, Hendrikje Stoffels, and a little later, his own son Titus. Now Rembrandt's self-portraits depict a man who has endured difficult life trials.

6 Michelangelo Buonarroti

Michelangelo Buonarroti is one of the most brilliant artists of the Renaissance. He was born in 1475 in the small town of Chiusi not far from Florence. The noble origin allowed the boy to communicate with many prominent artists and scientists of that time. This communication very well contributed to the development of young talent.

In the gardens of Mark, the young artist carved the mask of a faun, and also made a relief in which he depicted the battle of Hercules and the centaurs. Many were delighted with these sculptures and prophesied a great future for Michelangelo. A little later, he created the famous "Crucifixion", after which the young genius was invited to Rome. Here, Michelangelo created the Madonna, who holds the dead Jesus Christ in her arms, and also sculpted a marble sculpture of Bacchus. They brought their author a huge success and made him one of the most popular Italian sculptors.

For twenty-two months he worked hard on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel and the result of his long work did not leave anyone indifferent. A quarter of a century later, Michelangelo returned here again to decorate the wall with frescoes. The Last Judgment came out no less brilliant, but slightly inferior to the first picture.

In recent years, Michelangelo abandoned painting and sculpture, devoting himself entirely to architecture. He was in charge of the construction of the Roman temple named after St. Peter, but he did not manage to finish it. The main dome, according to his personal project, was installed after the death of Michelangelo.

7. Ivan Aivazovsky

Ivan Aivazovsky is a famous Russian artist who was born in 1817 in Feodosia. The real name of this artist is Hovhannes Gaivazovsky. Already from childhood, he had pronounced musical and artistic abilities. The first teacher of Hovhannes was the famous architect Yakov Kokh, who did his best to develop the abilities of this talented boy. At the age of 13, he entered the art gymnasium in Simferopol, and then at the St. Petersburg Imperial Academy. So the boy began to bear the name of Ivan Aivazovsky.

At the age of 20, Aivazovsky graduated from the Academy ahead of schedule with an honorary gold medal. He visited naval military battles on the coast of the Caucasus, then traveled around Europe for four years, was in the Caucasus, then in Georgia, Dagestan, Armenia and Ossetia. This is how the famous paintings "The Ninth Wave", "Sea Coast", "Venice" and others appeared.

Having enjoyed his travels to the full, the artist settled in the Crimean Feodosia, where he bought a plot and built a mansion in the style of Italian palazzos on it. Over time, this house became a private museum of his work.

8. Peter Paul Rubens

The famous Flemish artist Peter Paul Rubens was born in Germany in 1577, but after the death of his father, he moved with his family to Antwerp. Here he begins to draw passionately and decides to study to find worthy teachers in Italy. There he spends as much as 8 years of painstaking study and work on his first masterpieces.

After graduation, Peter Rubens returns to his homeland and continues to paint. His works "Exaltation of the Cross", "Battle of the Amazons", "Adam and Eve" and others became widely known. The distinctive style of Rubens was the careful drawing of the characters and the background.

9. Diego Velasquez

Diego Velasquez is a famous Spanish painter. He was born in Seville in 1599 and from childhood he showed good drawing abilities. Parents strongly supported the efforts of their son and found the best Spanish teachers for him.

The young Velázquez painted mostly ordinary people. His paintings "The Old Cook", "Breakfast" and "Water Carrier in Seville" deserve high praise. His painting "The Adoration of the Magi" also caused great delight and Velasquez received the post of royal painter in Madrid. Only he can now paint personal portraits of the royal family and Philip IV himself. Also in Madrid, the artist meets with Rubens, gets acquainted with the work of Titian, da Vinci and Raphael. He devotes two years of his life to a trip to Italy and studying the work of local authors. Here he paints the famous "Forge of Vulcan", as well as his best painting "Surrender of Breda". In the 1650s, the artist creates another series of his immortal masterpieces: "Villa Medici", "Spinners", "Las Meninas" and the famous painting "Venus in front of a mirror".

10. Raphael Santi

Raphael Santi is one of the most famous artists in the world, whose fame began at the age of 17. And a few years later he entered the Pope as a court painter. The young Raphael had to compete with such talents as Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci. In skill, he clearly lost to them, but he always brought his work to the end.

In the work of Raphael, many paintings are devoted to the image of the Madonna. Also, his works were very popular: “The Transfiguration of the Lord”, “Angel” and others. He also painted portraits, composed poetry, painted temples and studied architecture. He seemed to be trying to do his best, foreseeing his death at an early age.

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Books

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Home » Foreign artists

Great foreign artists

XIV (14th century) XV (15th century) XVI (16th century) XVII (17th century) XVIII (18th century) XIX (19th century) XX (20th century)

Foreign artists

Lorenzetti Ambrogio
(1319-1348)
Country: Italy

The paintings of Lorenzetti harmoniously combined the traditions of Sienese painting with its lyricism and the generalization of forms and the perspectiveness of spatial construction characteristic of Giotto's art. Although the artist uses religious and allegorical subjects, the features of contemporary life clearly appear in the paintings. The conditional landscape, characteristic of the paintings of the 14th century masters, is replaced by Lorenzetti with recognizable Tuscan landscapes. Very realistic, he writes vineyards, fields, lakes, sea harbors, surrounded by impregnable rocks.

Eik Wang
Country: Netherlands

The homeland of the Van Eyck brothers is the city of Maaseik. Little information has been preserved about the elder brother Hubert. It is known that it was he who began work on the famous Ghent altar in the church of St. Bavo in Ghent. Probably, the compositional design of the altar belonged to him. Judging by the preserved archaic parts of the altar - "Lamb Worship", figures of God the Father, Mary and John the Baptist, - Hubert can be called a master of transition. His work was much closer to the traditions of late Gothic (abstract-mystical interpretation of the theme, conventionality in the transfer of space, little expressed interest in the image of a person).

Foreign artists

Albrecht Dürer
(1471-1528)
Country: Germany

Albrecht Dürer, the great German artist, the largest representative of the Renaissance culture in Germany. Born in Nuremberg in the family of a goldsmith, a native of Hungary. Initially, he studied with his father, then with the Nuremberg painter M. Wohlgemut (1486-89). During the years of study and during the years of wanderings in southern Germany (1490-94), during a trip to Venice (1494-95) he absorbed the heritage of the 15th century, but nature became his main teacher.

Bosch Jerome
(1450-1516)
Country: Germany

Hieronymus Bosch, the great Dutch painter. Born in Herzogenbosch. His grandfather, grandfather's brother and all five uncles were artists. In 1478, Bosch married a wealthy patrician Aleid van Merwerme, whose family belonged to the highest aristocracy. There were no children from this marriage, and he was not particularly happy. Nevertheless, he brought material well-being to the artist, and, having not yet become sufficiently famous, Bosch could afford to paint the way he wanted.

Botticelli Sandro
(1445-1510)
Country: Italy

Real name - Alessandro da Mariano di Vanni di Amedeo Filipepi, the great Italian painter of the Renaissance. Born in Florence in the family of a tanner. Initially, he was sent to study with a certain Botticelli, a goldsmith, from whom Alessandro Filipepi got his last name. But the desire for painting forced him in 1459-65 to study with the famous Florentine artist Fra Philippe Lippi. Early works of Botticelli ( Adoration of the Magi, Judith and Holofernes and especially madonnas - Corsini Madonna, Madonna with a Rose, Madonna with Two Angels) were written under the influence of the latter.

Verrocchio Andrea
(1435-1488)
Country: Italy

Real name - Andrea di Michele di Francesco Choni, an outstanding Italian sculptor. Born in Florence. He was a famous sculptor, painter, draftsman, architect, jeweler, and musician. In each genre, he established himself as a master innovator, not repeating what his predecessors did.

Carpaccio Vittore
(c. 1455/1465 - c. 1526)
Country: Italy

Carpaccio Vittore (c. 1455 / 1465 - c. 1526) - Italian painter. Born in Venice. He studied under Gentile Bellini, was strongly influenced by Giovanni Bellini and partly by Giorgione. Carefully observing the events of modern life, this artist was able to saturate his religious compositions with a lively narrative and many genre details. In fact, he created an encyclopedia of the life and customs of Venice in the 15th century. They say about Carpaccio that this master is "still at home, in Venice." And even the very idea of ​​Venice is inseparably linked with the memory of the greenish, as if visible through the sea water, pictures of the brilliant draftsman and colorist.

Leonardo da Vinci
(1452 - 1519)
Country: Italy

One of the greatest Italian Renaissance artists, Leonardo da Vinci was also an outstanding scientist, thinker and engineer. All his life he observed and studied nature - the heavenly bodies and the laws of their movement, the mountains and the secrets of their origin, water and winds, the light of the sun and the life of plants. As part of nature, Leonardo also considered a person whose body is subject to physical laws and at the same time serves as a “mirror of the soul”. He showed his inquisitive, active, restless love for nature in everything. It was she who helped him discover the laws of nature, put her forces at the service of man, it was she who made Leonardo the greatest artist, with equal attention capturing a blossoming flower, an expressive gesture of a person and a foggy haze that envelops distant mountains.

Michelangelo Buonarroti
(1475 - 1564)
Country: Italy

“A man has not yet been born who, like me, would be so inclined to love people,” the great Italian sculptor, painter, architect and poet Michelangelo wrote about himself. He created brilliant, titanic works and dreamed of creating even more significant ones. One day, when the artist was working on marble developments in Carrara, he decided to carve a statue from a whole mountain.

Rafael Santi
(1483 - 1520)
Country: Italy

Raphael Santi, great Italian High Renaissance painter and architect. Born in Urbino in the family of J. Santi - court painter and poet of the Duke of Urbino. He received his first painting lessons from his father. When he died, Rafael moved to T. Viti's studio. In 1500 he moved to Perugio and entered the workshop of Perugino, first as a student, and then as an assistant. Here he learned the best features of the style of the Umbrian school of painting: the desire for an expressive interpretation of the plot and the nobility of forms. Soon he brought his skill to the point that it became impossible to distinguish a copy from the original.

Titian Vecellio
(1488- 1576)
Country: Italy

Born in Pieve di Cadoro - a small town on the border of the Venetian possessions in the Alps. He came from the Vecelli family, very influential in the town. During the war between Venice and Emperor Maximilian, the artist's father rendered great services to the Republic of St. Mark.

Foreign artists

Rubens Peter Paul
(1577 - 1640)
Country: Germany

Rubens Peter Paul, the great Flemish painter. "King of painters and painter of kings" was called the contemporaries of the Fleming Rubens. In one of the most beautiful corners of Antwerp, Rubens Hughes is still located - the artist's house, built according to his own design, and a workshop. About three thousand paintings and many wonderful drawings came out of here.

Goyen Jan Wang
(1596-1656)
Country: Holland

Goyen Jan van is a Dutch painter. Passion for painting manifested itself very early. At the age of ten, Goyen began to study drawing with the Leiden artists I. Swanenburg and K. Schilperort. The father wanted his son to become a glass painter, but Goyen himself dreamed of being a landscape painter, and he was assigned to study with the mediocre landscape painter Willem Gerrits in the city of Goorn.

Segers Hercules
(1589/1590 - c. 1638)
Country: Holland

Seghers Hercules is a Dutch landscape painter and graphic artist. He studied in Amsterdam with G. van Coninxloo. From 1612 to 1629 he lived in Amsterdam, where he was accepted into the guild of artists. Visited Flanders (c. 1629-1630). From 1631 he lived and worked in Utrecht, and from 1633 - in The Hague.

Frans Hals
(c. 1580-1666)
Country: Holland

The decisive role in the formation of national art at an early stage in the development of the Dutch art school was played by the work of Frans Hals, its first great master. He was almost exclusively a portrait painter, but his art meant a lot not only to the portraiture of Holland, but also to the formation of other genres. In the work of Hals, three types of portrait compositions can be distinguished: a group portrait, a commissioned individual portrait, and a special type of portrait images, similar in nature to genre painting, cultivated by him mainly in the 20s and early 30s.

Velasquez Diego de Silva
(1559-1660)
Country: Spain

Born in Seville, one of the largest art centers in Spain at the end of the 16th - beginning of the 17th century. The artist's father came from a Portuguese family who moved to Andalusia. He wanted his son to become a lawyer or a writer, but did not prevent Velazquez from painting. His first teacher was Fr. Herrera the Elder, and then - F. Pacheco. Pacheco's daughter became Velazquez's wife. In the workshop of Pacheco Velasquez was engaged in painting heads from life. At the age of seventeen, Velasquez received the title of master. The career of a young painter developed successfully.

Country: Spain

El Greco
(1541-1614)
Country: Spain

El Greco, real name - Domenico Theotokopuli, the great Spanish painter. Born into a poor but enlightened family in Candia, Crete. Crete at that time was a possession of Venice. He studied, in all likelihood, with local icon painters, who still preserved the traditions of medieval Byzantine art. Around 1566 he moved to Venice, where he entered the workshop of Titian.

Caravaggio Michelangelo Merisi
(1573-1610)
Country: Italy

Caravaggio Michelangelo Merisi, an outstanding Italian painter. The emergence and flourishing of the realistic trend in Italian painting of the late 16th - early 17th centuries is associated with the name of Caravaggio. The work of this remarkable master played a huge role in the artistic life of not only Italy, but also other European countries. The art of Caravaggio attracts us with great artistic expressiveness, deep truthfulness and humanism.

Carracci
Country: Italy

Carracci, a family of Italian painters from Bologna in the early 17th century, the founders of academism in European painting. At the turn of the 16th - 17th centuries in Italy, as a reaction to mannerism, an academic trend in painting took shape. Its main principles were laid down by the Carracci brothers - Lodovico (1555-1619), Agostino (1557-1602) and Annibale (1560-1609).

Brueghel Peter the Elder
(between 1525 and 1530-1569)
Country: Netherlands

Anyone who has read the wonderful novel by Charles de Coster, The Legend of Thiel Ulenspiegel, knows that the whole people participated in the Dutch revolution, in the struggle against the Spaniards for their independence, a cruel and merciless struggle. Just like Ulenspiegel, Peter Brueghel the Elder, one of the founders of realistic Dutch and Flemish art, was also a witness and participant in these events.

Van Dyck Anthony
(1599- 1641)
Country: Netherlands

Van Dyck Anthony, an outstanding Flemish painter. Born in Antwerp in the family of a wealthy businessman. Initially studied with the Antwerp painter Hendrick van Balen. In 1618 he entered the workshop of Rubens. He began his work by copying his paintings. And soon became the main assistant to Rubens in the performance of large orders. He received the title of master of the Guild of St. Luke in Antwerp (1618).

Poussin Nicolas
(1594-1665)
Country: France

Nicolas Poussin (1594-1665), an outstanding French painter, a leading representative of classicism. Born in the village of Andely in Normandy in the family of a small landowner. Initially, he studied in his homeland with a little-known, but rather talented and competent wandering artist K. Varen. In 1612 Poussin went to Paris, and there J. Aalleman became his teacher. In Paris, he became friends with the Italian poet Marine.

XVII (17th century)

Foreign artists

Cape Albert Gerrits
(1620-1691)
Country: Holland

Cape Albert Gerrits was a Dutch painter and etcher.

He studied with his father, the artist J. Keip. His artistic style was influenced by the painting of J. van Goyen and S. van Ruysdael. Worked in Dordrecht. The early works of Cuyp, close to the paintings of J. van Goyen, are monochrome. He paints hilly landscapes, country roads running into the distance, poor peasant huts. The paintings are most often made in a single yellowish tone.

Ruisdael Jacob van
(1628/1629-1682)
Country: Holland

Ruisdal Jacob van (1628/1629-1682) - Dutch landscape painter, draftsman, etcher. He probably studied with his uncle, the painter Salomon van Ruysdael. Visited Germany (1640-1650s). He lived and worked in Haarlem, in 1648 he became a member of the painters' guild. From 1656 he lived in Amsterdam, in 1676 he received the degree of doctor of medicine in the Treasury and entered the list of Amsterdam doctors.

Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn
(1606-1669)
Country: Holland

Born in Leiden to a miller's family. The father's affairs during this period were going well, and he was able to give his son a better education than other children. Rembrandt entered the Latin school. He studied poorly and wanted to paint. Nevertheless, he finished school and entered Leiden University. A year later, he began taking painting lessons. His first teacher was J. van Swanenburg. After staying in his studio for more than three years, Rembrandt went to Amsterdam to the historical painter P. Lastman. He had a strong influence on Rembrandt and taught him the art of engraving. Six months later (1623) Rembrandt returned to Leiden and opened his own workshop.

Terborch Gerard
(1617-1681)
Country: Holland

Terborch Gerard (1617-1681), famous Dutch painter. Born in Zwolle in a wealthy burgher family. His father, brother and sister were artists. Terborch's first teachers were his father and Hendrik Averkamp. His father made him copy a lot. He created his first work at the age of nine. At the age of fifteen, Terborch went to Amsterdam, then to Haarlem, where he came under the strong influence of Fr. Khalsa. Already at that time he was famous as a master of the everyday genre, he most willingly painted scenes from the life of the military - the so-called "guardrooms".

Canalletto (Canale) Giovanni Antonio
(1697-1768)
Country: Italy

Canaletto's first teacher was his father, theater decorator B. Canale, whom he helped design performances in theaters in Venice. He worked in Rome (1717-1720, early 1740s), Venice (since 1723), London (1746-1750, 1751-1756), where he performed works that formed the basis of his work. He painted veduts - urban landscapes, depicted streets, buildings, canals, boats sliding on the sea waves.

Manyasco Alessandro
(1667-1749)
Country: Italy

Alessandro Magnasco (1667-1749) was an Italian painter, genre and landscape painter. He studied with his father, the artist S. Magnasco, then with the Milanese painter F. Abbiati. His style was formed under the influence of the masters of the Genoese school of painting, S. Rosa and J. Callo. Lived and worked in Milan, Florence, Genoa.

Watteau Antoine
(1684-1721)
Country: France

Watteau Antoine, an outstanding French painter, whose work is associated with one of the significant stages in the development of everyday painting in France. The fate of Watteau is unusual. Neither in France nor in neighboring countries was there in the years when he wrote his best things, not a single artist capable of competing with him. The titans of the seventeenth century did not live to see the age of Watteau; those who, following him, glorified the eighteenth century, became known to the world only after his death. In fact, Fragonard, Quentin de La Tour, Perronneau, Chardin, David in France, Tiepolo and Longhi in Italy, Hogarth, Reynolds, Gainsborough in England, Goya in Spain - all this is the middle, or even the end of the 18th century.

Lorrain Claude
(1600-1682)
Country: France

Lorrain Claude (1600-1682) - French painter. At an early age he worked in Rome as a servant for A. Tassi, then became his student. The artist began to receive large orders in the 1630s, his customers were Pope Urban VIII and Cardinal Bentivoglio. Since that time, Lorrain has become popular in Roman and French art connoisseurs.

XVIII (18th century)

Foreign artists

Gainsborough Thomas
(1727- 1788)
Country: England

Gainsborough Thomas, an outstanding English painter, creator of the national type of portrait. Born in Sudbury, Suffolk, the son of a cloth merchant. The picturesque surroundings of the town, located on the River Stour, attracted Gainsborough from childhood, endlessly depicting them in his children's sketches. The boy's passion for drawing was so great that his father, without hesitation for a long time, sent his thirteen-year-old son to study in London, which at that time had already become the center of artistic life.

Turner Joseph Mallord William
(1775-1851)
Country: England

Turner Joseph Mallord William - English landscape painter, painter, draftsman and engraver. He took painting lessons from T. Molton (c. 1789), in 1789-1793. studied at the Royal Academy in London. In 1802 Turner was an academician, and in 1809 a professor in the academic classes. The artist traveled extensively in England and Wales, visited France and Switzerland (1802), Holland, Belgium and Germany (1817), Italy (1819, 1828). His artistic style was formed under the influence of K. Lorrain, R. Wilson and Dutch marine painters.

Jan Vermeer of Delft
(1632-1675)
Country: Holland

Jan Vermeer of Delft is a great Dutch artist. There is almost no information about the artist. Born in Delft in the family of a burgher who owned a hotel. He was also engaged in the production of silk and traded in paintings. Perhaps that is why the boy became interested in painting early. Master Karel Fabricius became his mentor. Vermeer soon married Katherine Bolney, the daughter of a wealthy burgher, and already in 1653 he was admitted to the guild of St. Luke.

Goya y Lucientes Francisco Hosse
(1746-1828)
Country: Spain

One day, little Francisco, the son of a poor altar gilder from a village near the Spanish city of Zaragoza, painted a pig on the wall of his house. A stranger passing by saw a genuine talent in a child's drawing and advised the boy to study. This legend about Goya is similar to those that are told about other masters of the Renaissance, when the true facts of their biography are unknown.

Guardi Francesco Lazzaro
(1712-1793)
Country: Italy

Guardi Francesco Lazzaro - Italian painter and draftsman, representative of the Venetian school of painting. He studied with his older brother, the painter Giovanni Antonio, in whose studio he worked with his younger brother Niccolò. He painted landscapes, paintings of religious and mythological themes, historical compositions. He worked on the creation of decorative decorations for the interiors of the Manin and Fenice theaters in Venice (1780-1790).

Vernet Claude Joseph
(1714-1789)
Country: France

Claude Joseph Vernet is a French painter. He studied first with his father A. Vernet, then with L. R. Viali in Aix and B. Fergioni, from 1731 - in Avignon with F. Sovan, and later in Italy with Manglar, Pannini and Locatelli. In 1734-1753. worked in Rome. In the Roman period, he devoted a lot of time to work from nature in Tivoli, Naples, on the banks of the Tiber. He painted landscapes and sea views (“Seashore near Anzio”, 1743; “View of the bridge and castle of St. Angelo”, “Ponte Rotto in Rome”, 1745 - both in the Louvre, Paris; “Waterfall in Tivoli”, 1747; “Morning in Castellammare", 1747, Hermitage, St. Petersburg; "Villa Pamphili", 1749, Pushkin Museum, Moscow; "Italian harbor", "Sea coast with rocks", 1751; "Rocks near the sea", 1753 - all in the Hermitage, St. Petersburg). These works amaze with their virtuosity in the transmission of the light and air environment and lighting, reliability and fine observation.

Vernet Horace
(1789-1863)
Country: France

Vernet Horace is a French painter and graphic artist. Studied under his father, Carl Vernet. Writing in the heyday of the art of romanticism, the artist uses in his works the means inherent in the romantics. He is interested in a person in the power of natural elements, in extreme situations. Vernet depicts warriors fighting fiercely in battles, hurricanes and shipwrecks (“Battle at Sea”, 1825, Hermitage, St. Petersburg).

Delacroix Eugene
(1798 - 186)
Country: France

Born in Charenton in the family of the prefect. He received an excellent education. He studied painting first at the School of Fine Arts in Paris, then at the workshop of P. Guerin (1816-22), whose cold skill had less influence on him than the passionate art of the romantic T. Gericault, with whom he became close at the School. A decisive role in the formation of the pictorial style of Delacroix was played by copying the works of old masters, especially Rubens, Veronese and D. Velasquez. In 1822 he made his debut in Talon with a painting "Rook Dante"(“Dante and Virgil”) based on the plot from the first song of “Hell” (“The Divine Comedy”).

Gericault Theodore
(1791-1824)
Country: France

Born in Rouen in a wealthy family. He studied in Paris at the Imperial Lyceum (1806-1808). His teachers were K. J. Berne and P.N. Guerin. But they did not influence the formation of his artistic style - in the painting of Gericault, the tendencies of the art of A. J. Gros and J. L. David are traced. The artist visited the Louvre, where he made copies of the works of old masters, especially admired his painting by Rubens.

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Hiroshige Ando
(1797-1858)
Country: Japan

Born in Edo (now Tokyo) in the family of a petty samurai Ando Genemon. His father was the foreman of the city fire department, and the life of the family was quite secure. Thanks to early education, he quickly learned to understand the properties of paper, brush and ink. The general level of education of that time was quite high. Theaters, prints, ikeba-fa were part of everyday life.

Hokusai Katsushika
(1760-1849)
Country: Japan

Hokusai Katsushika is a Japanese painter and draftsman, master of color woodcuts, writer and poet. Studied with engraver Nakayama Tetsuson. He was influenced by the artist Shunsho, in whose workshop he worked. He painted landscapes in which the life of nature, its beauty are closely connected with the life and activities of man. In search of new experiences, Hokusai traveled a lot around the country, making sketches of everything he saw. The artist sought to reflect in his work the problem of the relationship between man and the nature around him. His art is permeated with the pathos of the beauty of the world and the awareness of the spiritualized principle introduced by man into everything he comes into contact with.

Foreign artists

Bonington Richard Parkes
(1802-1828)
Country: England

Bonington Richard Parkes is an English painter and graphic artist. From 1817 he lived in France. He studied painting in Calais with L. Francia, from 1820 he attended the School of Fine Arts in Paris, where A. J. Gros was his teacher. From 1822 he began to exhibit his paintings in the Paris Salons, and from 1827 he took part in exhibitions of the Society of Artists of Great Britain and the Royal Academy of Arts in London.

Ensor James
(1860-1949)
Country: Belgium

Ensor James (1860-1949) Belgian painter and graphic artist. The artist was born and raised in the port city of Ostend, where he spent almost his entire life. The image of this seaside town, with its narrow streets inhabited by fishermen and sailors, with its annual Shrove Tuesday carnivals and the unique atmosphere of the sea, often appears in many of his paintings.

Van Gogh Vincent
(1853- 1890)
Country: Holland

Van Gogh Vincent, the great Dutch painter, a representative of post-impressionism. Born in the Brabant village of Groot Zundert in the family of a pastor. From the age of sixteen he worked for the Painting Company, and then as a teacher's assistant in a private school in England. In 1878 he got a job as a preacher in a mining area in southern Belgium.

Anker Mikael
(1849-1927)
Country: Denmark

Anker Mikael is a Danish artist. He studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Copenhagen (1871-1875), as well as in the workshop of the Danish artist P. Kreyer. Later in Paris he studied in the studio of Puvis de Cha-vannes, but this period was not reflected in his work. Together with his wife Anna, he worked in Skagen, in small fishing villages. In his works, the sea is inextricably linked with the images of Jutland fishermen. The artist depicts people in the moments of their hard and dangerous work.

Modigliani Amedeo
(1884-1920)
Country: Italy

How subtly and elegantly Anna Akhmatova spoke about Amedeo Modigliani! Still - she was a poet! Amedeo was lucky: they met in 1911 in Paris, fell in love with each other, and these feelings became the property of the art world, expressed in his drawings and her poems.

Eakins Thomas
(1844-1916)
Country: USA

He studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) and at the School of Fine Arts in Paris (1866-1869). The formation of his artistic style was greatly influenced by the work of the old Spanish masters, which he studied in Madrid. Since 1870, the painter lived in his homeland, in Philadelphia, where he was engaged in teaching activities. Already in his first independent works, Eakins showed himself as a realist (Max Schmitt in a Boat, 1871, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; On a Sailboat, 1874; Sailing Boats on the Delaware, 1874).

Kent Rockwell
(1882-1971)
Country: USA

Kent Rockwell is an American landscape painter, draftsman, graphic artist, and writer. Studied with a representative of the plein air school of artist William Merritt Chase in Shinnecock on Long Island, then with Robert Henry at the School of Art in New York, where he also attended the classes of Kenneth Miller.

Homer Winslow
(1836-1910)
Country: USA

Homer Winslow is an American painter and draftsman. He did not receive a systematic education, having mastered only the craft of a lithographer in his youth. In 1859-1861. attended the evening drawing school at the National Academy of Arts in New York. From 1857 he made drawings for magazines, during the Civil War (1861-1865) he collaborated in the illustrated weekly publication Harper's Weekly, for which he made realistic drawings with battle scenes, distinguished by expressive and strict forms. In 1865 he became a member of the National Academy of Arts.

Bonnard Pierre
(1867-1947)
Country: France

Bonnard Pierre - French painter, draftsman, lithographer. Born in the vicinity of Paris. In his youth, he studied law while drawing and painting at the École des Beaux-Arts and at the Académie Julian. He was fond of Japanese engraving. Together with the artists E. Vuillard, M. Denis, P. Serusier, they formed the core of a group that called itself "Nabi" - from the Hebrew word "prophet". The members of the group were supporters of symbolism less complex and literary than the symbolism of Gauguin and his followers.

Marriage Georges
(1882-1963)
Country: France

Marriage Georges - French painter, engraver, sculptor. In 1897-1899. studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Le Havre, then at the Academy of Amber and at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris (1902-1903). His early work is marked by the influence of the Fauvists, especially A. Derain and A. Matisse. It was during this period that the artist most often turns to the landscape genre: he paints harbors, sea bays with boats, and coastal buildings.

Gauguin Paul
(1848-1903)
Country: France

Gauguin Paul (1848-1903), an outstanding French painter. representative of impressionism. Born in Paris. His father was an employee of the Nacional newspaper of a moderate republican persuasion. A change in political course forced him to leave his homeland in 1849. On a ship bound for South America, he died suddenly. Gauguin spent the first four years of his life in Lima (Peru) with his mother's relatives. At the age of 17-23, he served as a sailor, stoker, helmsman in the merchant and navy, sailed to Rio de Janeiro and other distant cities.

Degas Edgar
(1834-1917)
Country: France

Edgar Degas was a contradictory and strange person at first glance. Born in the family of a banker in Paris. The offspring of an aristocratic family (his real name was de Ha), he abandoned the noble prefix from his youth. He showed interest in drawing as a child. Received a good education. In 1853 he passed the bachelor's degree examinations and began to study jurisprudence. But already at that time he studied with the painter Barrias, then with Louis Lamothe. Like Édouard Manet, he was being groomed for a brilliant career, but he dropped out of law school for the School of Fine Arts.

Deren Andre
(1880-1954)
Country: France

Derain Andre - French painter, book illustrator, engraver, sculptor, one of the founders of Fauvism. He began painting in Shatu in 1895, his teacher was a local artist. In 1898-1900. studied in Paris at the Career Academy, where he met A. Matisse, J. Puy and A. Marquet. Very soon, Deren left the academy and began to study on his own.

Daubigny Charles Francois
(1817-1878)
Country: France

Daubigny Charles Francois - French landscape painter, graphic artist, representative of the Barbizon school. He studied with his father, the artist E. F. Daubigny, then with P. Delaroche. Influenced by Rembrandt. In the Louvre, he copied the paintings of the Dutch masters, his works by J. Ruisdal and Hobbema were especially attractive. In 1835-1836. Daubigny visited Italy, and in 1866 went to Holland, Great Britain and Spain. But these trips were practically not reflected in the artist's work, almost all of his works are devoted to French landscapes.

Dufy Raoul
(1877-1953)
Country: France

Dufy Raoul - French painter and graphic artist. He studied in Le Havre, in the evening classes of the Municipal Art School, where he taught Luye (1892-1897). Here Dufy met O. J. Braque and O. Friesz. During this period, he painted portraits of his family members, as well as landscapes similar to those of E. Boudin.

Isabey Louis Gabriel Jean
(1803-1886)
Country: France

Isabey Louis Gabriel Jean (1803-1886) - French romantic painter, watercolorist, lithographer. He studied with his father, miniaturist J.-B. Isabah. He was influenced by the painting of the English marine painters and the Lesser Dutch of the 17th century. Worked in Paris. In search of new experiences, Isabey visited Normandy, Auvergne, Brittany, Southern France, Holland, England, and accompanied an expedition to Algeria as an artist.

Courbet Gustave
(1819-1877)
Country: France

Courbet Gustave is an outstanding French painter, a wonderful master of a realistic portrait. "... never belonged to any school, to any church ... to any regime, but only to the regime of freedom."

Manet Edouard
(1832-1883)
Country: France

Edouard MANET (1832-1883), an outstanding French artist who rethought the traditions of narrative realistic painting. “Brevity in art is both a necessity and an elegance. A person who expresses himself briefly makes you think; a verbose person gets bored.

Marche Albert
(1875-1947)
Country: France

Marquet Albert (1875-1947) - French painter and graphic artist. In 1890-1895. studied in Paris at the School of Decorative Arts, and from 1895 to 1898 - at the School of Fine Arts in the workshop of G. Moreau. He painted portraits, interiors, still lifes, landscapes, among which are views of the sea, images of harbors and ports. In the landscapes created by the artist in the late 1890s - early 1900s. noticeably strong influence of the Impressionists, in particular A. Sisley ("Trees in Billancourt", ca. 1898, Musée des Arts, Bordeaux).

Monet Claude
(1840-1926)
Country: France

Monet Claude, French painter, founder of impressionism. "What I write is a moment." Born in Paris in the family of a grocer. He spent his childhood in Le Havre. In Le Havre, he began to make cartoons, selling them in a stationery shop. E. Boudin drew attention to them and gave Monet the first lessons in plein air painting. In 1859, Monet entered the Paris School of Fine Arts, and then at the Gleyer atelier. After a two-year stay in Algeria in military service (1860-61), he returned to Le Havre and met Jonkind. The landscapes of Ionkind, full of light and air, made a deep impression on him.

Pierre Auguste Renoir
(1841-1919)
Country: France

Pierre Auguste Renoir was born into the family of a poor tailor with many children, and from early childhood he learned to "live in clover" even when there was no piece of bread in the house. At the age of thirteen, he already mastered the craft - he painted cups and saucers at a porcelain factory. The paint-stained work blouse was on him even when he came to the School of Fine Arts. In Gleyre's atelier, he picked up empty paint tubes thrown by other students. Squeezing them to the last drop, he purred something carelessly cheerful under his breath.

Redon Odilon
(1840-1916)
Country: France

Redon Odilon - French painter, draftsman and decorator. In Paris, he studied architecture, but did not complete the course. For some time he attended the School of Sculpture in Bordeaux, then studied in Paris in the studio of Jerome. As a painter, he was formed under the influence of the art of Leonardo da Vinci, J. F. Corot, E. Delacroix and F. Goya. The botanist Armand Claveau played an important role in his life. Having a rich library, he introduced the young artist to the works of Baudelaire, Flaubert, Poe, as well as to Indian poetry and German philosophy. Together with Clavo Redon studied the world of plants and microorganisms, which was later reflected in his engravings.

Cezanne Paul
(1839-1906)
Country: France

Until now, one of the participants in the first exhibition on the Boulevard des Capucines, the most silent of the visitors to the Gerbois cafe, Paul Cezanne, has remained in the shadows. It is time to get closer to his paintings. Let's start with self-portraits. Let's take a closer look at the face of this high-cheeked bearded man, who looks like a peasant (when he is wearing a cap) or a sage scribe (when his steep, powerful forehead is visible). Cezanne was both one and the other, combining the peasant's stubborn industriousness with the probing mind of a research scientist.

Toulouse Lautrec Henri Marie Raymond de
(1864-1901)
Country: France

Toulouse Lautrec Henri Marie Raymond de, an outstanding French artist. Born in Albi in the south of France in a family that belonged to the largest aristocratic family, who once led the crusades. He showed talent as an artist since childhood. However, he took up painting after falling from a horse (at the age of fourteen), as a result of which he became disabled. Soon after his father introduced him to Prensto, Henri began to constantly come to the studio on the Rue Faubourg Saint-Honoré. For hours he could watch the artist draw or paint.

Foreign artists

Dali Salvador
(1904-1989)
Country: Spain

Dali Salvador, the great Spanish artist, the largest representative of surrealism. Born in Figueres (Catalonia) in the family of a famous lawyer. At the age of sixteen, Dali was sent to a Catholic college in Figueres. The Pichot family had a huge influence on the formation of his personality. All family members owned musical instruments, organized concerts. Ramon Pichot is a painter who worked in Paris and knew P. Picasso closely. In the house of Pichotov, Dali was engaged in drawing. In 1918, his first exhibition took place in Fegueras, favorably noted by critics.

Kalninsh Eduardas
(1904-1988)
Country: Latvia

Kalninsh Eduardas - Latvian marine painter. Born in Riga in the family of a simple craftsman, he began to draw early. The first teacher of Kalnins was the artist Yevgeny Moshkevich, who opened in Tomsk, where the boy's family moved at the beginning of the First World War, a studio for novice painters. After 1920 Kalniņš returned to Riga with his parents and in 1922 entered the Latvian Academy of Arts. Vilhelme Purvitis, a student of AI Kuindzhi, became his teacher.