Sacred symbols of the Slavs. Slavic symbols and the meaning of traditional Slavic symbols

1. Perunov color, or fern flower- a symbol aimed primarily at protecting the owner from the evil eye, bad influence, dirty thoughts. It also fulfills the desires of the wearer, but only those the fulfillment of which a person desires with all his heart.
2. Kolyadnik - originally a male symbol of the Family and the Sun. Only males were allowed to wear it. The symbol gave courage in battle and wisdom on the path of life.
3. Ladinets - this symbol is similar to the previous one, only it is intended for women. Ladinets programs a woman for a good marriage and a strong family.
4. Cross of Svarog - this symbol was not used as a talisman. He only showed the patronage of the Highest of the Gods and asserted the power of the Universe.
5. Amulet Makosh - the symbol is used by creative people to gain inspiration, and by mothers, as it personifies fertility. It contains the strongest energy.
6. Source - is considered a flow of energy that can help in any business, if used correctly.
7. Molvinets is a powerful amulet. Blocks all the negativity said towards its owner. Protects not just one person, but the whole family.
8. Yarovik - aimed at protecting the home and economy. Symbolizes safety and reliability.
9. The light is a symbol of the Way. It helps to find answers to global questions, find the meaning of life and strengthen the spirit.
10. Valkyrie - the amulet was used mainly by warriors. It represents courage and wisdom.
11. The symbol of the Family is the symbol of the Sun. Saves from any disease. It contains powerful universal energy.
12. Stribozhich - protects from natural disasters, pacifies nature.
13. The star of Lada is a symbol of the strength of the Family. Protects a woman, family and home.
14. Rasich - symbolizes the power of four Races, four Clans. It awakens harmony and the ability to contemplate in a person.
15. Perunitsa is a symbol of victory, determination, a powerful amulet. Literally personifies the earthly energy of lightning.
16. The solstice is a symbol of optimism, the energy of the creator, protection from bad weather and the evil eye. Stores the power of the Sun, showing the direction of its movement.
17. Star of Inglia - personifies the Universal beginning, the moment of the universe. Unites three components: body, spirit and soul, into one.
18. The wedding man is a symbol of a powerful union. He was sewn on the clothes of the newlyweds, so that their marriage was indestructible.
19. Dukhobor is a symbol of the inner flame of man, life. It was not used as a talisman, but was able to protect the soul with proper use.
20. Svarga - personifies perfection in the flesh. Helps people on the path of Truth and Awareness.
21. Ognevitsa is a patronizing symbol for an adult woman. Helps her in everything and protects from evil forces.
22. The black sun is a generic symbol. A very rare sign, about which there is still little information. It is known to be charged with colossal power and can harm the inexperienced.
23. Svitovit - symbolizes the horizon, the collision of two worlds - heavenly and earthly. Powerful amulet.
24. Kolard is a fiery symbol of rebirth and purity.
25. Odolen-grass - has strong protective properties. Able to protect from evil spirits and diseases caused by them.
26. Rubeznik - based on the name, a symbol of the boundary, border, point of no return. Marks the line between two worlds.
27. Ratiborets is an exclusively military symbol. It personifies courage, courage in battle, gives immeasurable spiritual power, but only to those who are ready to give their lives for their land.

08.04.2011

Many people associate the Swastika with Fascism and Hitler. This opinion has been hammered into the heads of people for the last 60 years. Few people now remember that the Swastika was depicted on Soviet money from 1917 to 1922, that on the sleeve patches of soldiers and officers of the Red Army in the same period, there was also a Swastika in a laurel wreath, and inside the Swastika were the letters of the RSFSR. There is even an opinion that Comrade I.V. Stalin himself presented the Swastika to Hitler in 1920.

The history of the swastika goes back thousands of years...

History of the swastika

The swastika symbol is a rotating cross with curved ends pointing clockwise or counterclockwise. As a rule, now all over the world all Swastika symbols are called in one word - SWASTIKA, which is fundamentally wrong, because. each Swastika symbol in ancient times had its own name, purpose, Guardian Power and Figurative meaning.

Swastika symbolism, as the most ancient, is most often found during archaeological excavations. More often than other symbols, it was found in ancient burial mounds, on the ruins of ancient cities and settlements. In addition, swastika symbols were depicted on various details of architecture, weapons, clothing and household utensils among many peoples of the world. Swastika symbolism is ubiquitous in ornamentation as a sign of Light, Sun, Love, Life.

The oldest archaeological artifacts depicting swastika symbols now date back to approximately 4-15 millennium BC. (on the right is a vessel from the Scythian Kingdom 3-4 thousand BC). According to the materials of archaeological excavations, Russia is the richest territory for the use of the swastika for both religious and cultural purposes. Neither Europe, nor India, nor Asia can compare with Russia in the abundance of swastika symbols covering Russian weapons, banners, national costumes, household utensils, household and agricultural items, as well as houses and temples. Excavations of ancient mounds, cities and settlements speak for themselves - many ancient Slavic cities had a clear shape of the Swastika, oriented to the four cardinal points. This can be seen in the example of Arkaim, Vendogard and others.

The swastika and swastika-solar symbols were the main elements of the most ancient Proto-Slavic ornaments.

Swastika symbolism in various cultures

But not only Aryans and Slavs believed in the mystical power of swastika patterns. The same symbols were found on clay vessels from Samarra (the territory of modern Iraq), which date back to the 5th millennium BC. Swastika symbols in left-handed and right-handed forms are found in the pre-Aryan culture of Mohenjo-Daro (Indus River basin) and ancient China around 2000 BC. e. In Northeast Africa, archaeologists have found a burial stele of the Meroz kingdom, which existed in the 2nd-3rd centuries AD. The fresco on the stele depicts a woman entering the afterlife, and the Swastika flaunts on the clothes of the deceased.

The rotating cross also adorns the golden weights for scales that belonged to the inhabitants of Ashanta (Ghana), and the clay utensils of the ancient Indians, beautiful carpets woven by the Persians and Celts. Man-made belts created by the Komi, Russians, Sami, Latvians, Lithuanians and other peoples are also filled with swastika symbols, and at present it is difficult even for an ethnographer to figure out which of the peoples to attribute these ornaments to. Judge for yourself.

Since ancient times, the swastika symbolism has been the main and dominant among almost all peoples on the territory of Eurasia: Slavs, Germans, Mari, Pomors, Skalvians, Curonians, Scythians, Sarmatians, Mordovians, Udmurts, Bashkirs, Chuvashs, Indians, Icelanders, Scots and many others.

In many ancient Beliefs and religions, the Swastika is the most important and brightest cult symbol. So, in ancient Indian philosophy and Buddhism, the Swastika is a symbol of the eternal cycle of the universe, a symbol of the Buddha Law, to which everything that exists is subject. (Dictionary "Buddhism", M., "Republic", 1992); in Tibetan Lamaism - a security symbol, a symbol of happiness and a talisman.

In India and Tibet, the Swastika is depicted everywhere: on the walls and gates of temples, on residential buildings, as well as on the fabrics in which all sacred texts and tablets are wrapped. Very often, sacred texts from the Book of the Dead are framed with swastika ornaments, which are written on burial covers before kroding (cremation).

You can observe the image of many Swastikas both on an old Japanese engraving of the 18th century, and on the matchless mosaic floors in the halls of the St. Petersburg Hermitage.

But you will not find any messages about this in the media, because they have no idea what the Swastika is, what ancient figurative meaning it carries, what it has meant for many millennia and now means for the Slavs and Aryans and many peoples inhabiting our Earth.

The swastika among the Slavs

Swastika among the Slavs- this is "Solar" symbolism, or in other words "Solar" symbolism, which means the rotation of the Solar circle. The word Swastika also means "Heavenly Movement", Sva - Heaven, Tik - Movement. Hence the names of the Slavic gods: the bird Mother Sva (the patroness of Russia), the god Svarog and finally Svarga - the habitat of the bright gods of Slavic myths. The swastika in translation from the Sanskrit language (under one of the versions of Sanskrit - the Old Russian Slavic language) "Svasti" - Greeting, wish of good luck.

They believed in the swastika as a talisman, "attracting" good luck. In Ancient Russia, it was believed that if you draw Kolovrat on your palm, you will definitely be lucky. The swastika was also painted on the walls of the house, so that happiness reigned there. In the Ipatiev House, where the family of the last Russian Emperor Nicholas II was shot, Empress Alexandra Feodorovna painted all the walls with this divine symbol, but the swastika did not help against the atheists. Nowadays, philosophers, dowsers and psychics suggest building city blocks in the form of swastikas - such configurations should generate positive energy. By the way, these conclusions have already been confirmed by modern science.

Under Peter I, the walls of his country residence were decorated with swastikas. The ceiling of the throne room in the Hermitage is also covered with a sacred symbol. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the swastika became the most common amulet symbol in Russia, Western and Eastern Europe - the influence of the "Secret Doctrine" of E.P. Blavatsky, the teachings of Guido von List, etc. For thousands of years, common people have used swastika ornaments in everyday life, and at the beginning of this century, interest in swastika symbols also appeared among those in power. In Soviet Russia, the sleeve patches of the Red Army soldiers of the South-Eastern Front since 1918 were decorated with a swastika with the abbreviation R.S.F.S.R. inside.

After the overthrow of the autocracy, the Swastika appears on the new banknotes of the Provisional Government, and after October 1917 - on the banknotes of the Bolsheviks. Now few people know that the matrices with the image of Kolovrat (Swastika) against the background of a double-headed eagle were made by special order and sketches of the last Tsar of the Russian Empire - Nicholas II.

Beginning in 1918, the Bolsheviks introduced new banknotes in denominations of 1,000, 5,000 and 10,000 rubles, which depicted not one swastika, but three. Two smaller ones - in the side ties and a large Swastika - in the middle. Money with the Swastika was printed by the Bolsheviks and were in use until 1922, and only after the formation of the Soviet Union were they withdrawn from circulation.

Swastika symbols

Swastika symbols carry a huge secret meaning. They have great wisdom. Each swastika symbol opens before us the Great picture of the universe. Ancient Slavic-Aryan Wisdom says that our galaxy has the shape of a Swastika and is called SWATI, and the Yarila-Sun system, in which our Midgard-Earth makes its way, is located in one of the arms of this heavenly Swastika.

In Russia there were 144 species swastika symbols : Swastika, Kolovrat, Salting, Holy Gift, Svasti, Svaor, Solstice, Agni, Fash, Mara; Inglia, Solar Cross, Solard, Vedara, Svetolet, Fern Flower, Perunov Color, Swati, Race, Bogovnik, Svarozhich, Svyatoch, Yarovrat, Odolen-Grass, Rodimich, Charovrat, etc. One could still enumerate, but it is better to consider further briefly several solar swastika symbols: their style and figurative meaning.

The eradication of the swastika

In the second half of the 20th century, in America, Europe and the USSR, they began to decisively eradicate this Solar symbol, and they eradicated it in the same way as they had previously eradicated: the ancient folk Slavic and Aryan Culture; ancient Faith and folk traditions; the true Heritage of the Ancestors, undistorted by the rulers, and the long-suffering Slavic people themselves, the bearer of the ancient Slavic-Aryan Culture.

And even now, the same people or their descendants are trying to ban any kind of rotating Solar Crosses, but using different pretexts: if earlier this was done under the pretext of class struggle and anti-Soviet conspiracies, now it is a fight against the manifestation of extremist activity.

One generation replaces another, state systems and regimes collapse, but as long as the People remember their Ancient Roots, honor the traditions of their Great Ancestors, preserve their Ancient culture and symbols, until that time the People are ALIVE and will LIVE!

For those readers who wish to receive more information about the Swastika, we recommend the Ethnoreligious essays of Roman Vladimirovich Bagdasarov "The Mystic of the Fiery Cross" and others.

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In the Russian Federation, a law was passed:
Article 20.3. Federal Law of July 25, 2002 N 112-FZ Propaganda and public demonstration of Nazi paraphernalia or symbols
<Пропаганда и публичное демонстрирование нацистской атрибутики или символики либо атрибутики или символики, сходных с нацистской атрибутикой или символикой до степени смешения, — влечет наложение административного штрафа в размере от пяти до десяти минимальных размеров оплаты труда с конфискацией нацистской или иной указанной атрибутики или символики либо административный арест на срок до пятнадцати суток с конфискацией нацистской или иной указанной атрибутики или символики.>

As we can see, there is no indication in the law about the use Swastik symbols, so why do law enforcement agencies sign it under this law. All this happens due to elementary ignorance of their own history and their own language.

Let's understand the terminology gradually.

First, consider the term Nazism:
National Socialism (German: Nationalsozialismus, abbreviated as Nazism) is the official political ideology of the Third Reich.
Translating the essence of the name: Making socially oriented changes for development, (though not always) within the same nation. Or abbreviated Change of the Nation - Nazism.
This system existed in Germany from 1933 to 1945.
Unfortunately, our politicians did not study history at all, otherwise they would have known that from 1917 to 1980, the Socialist system was officially adopted in our country, which was called International Socialism. What in translation: Carrying out socially oriented changes for development, (although not always) within one multinational people. Or abbreviated International Nation Change - Internationalism.
For ease of comparison, I will also give the Latin form of writing these two regimes Nationalsozialismus and InterNationalsozialismus
In other words, you and I, ladies and gentlemen, were exactly the same Nazis as the inhabitants of Germany.
Accordingly, according to this law, all symbols of the former USSR and modern Russia are banned.

And besides, I will give not big statistics. During the Second World War, more than 20 million people died in Russia. This is a clear reason to have a negative attitude towards the political regime of Germany in the 30s. During the revolution of 1918 in Russia (during the repressions) more than 60 million people died. In my opinion, the reason for the negative attitude towards the Soviet government is 3 times more. But at the same time, the symbol of the Swastika, which was used by the Nazis, is banned in the Russian Federation, and the Symbols of the Bolsheviks "Red Star" and "Hammer and Sickle" are symbols of national treasure. In my opinion, on the face of a bright injustice.
I deliberately do not use the term Fascism in relation to Nazi Germany, because this is another very important misconception. There has never been fascism in Germany and never could be. He flourished in Italy, France, Belgium, Poland, Great Britain, but not in Germany.
Fascism (Italian fascismo from fascio "bundle, bundle, association") - as a political science term, is a generalized name for specific extreme right-wing political movements, their ideology, as well as the dictatorial-type political regimes they lead.
In a narrower historical sense, fascism is understood as a mass political movement that existed in Italy in the 1920s and early 1940s under the leadership of B. Mussolini.
This can be elementarily confirmed by the fact that fascism implies a cohesive unification of the church and the state into one body or collegium, and in Nationalist Germany the church was separated from the state and was oppressed in every possible way.

By the way, Symbol of fascism this is not a swastika at all, but 8 arrows tied with a ribbon ( Fashina - a bunch).
In general, we have more or less figured out the terminology, now let's move on to the Swastika symbol itself.

Consider the Etymology of the word Swastika, but based on the origin of the language, and not, as everyone is used to, on the roots of the Sanskrit language. In Sanskrit, the translation is also very favorable, but we will look for the essence, and not adjust the convenience to the truth.
Swastika consists of two words and a link: Sva (Sun, the primordial energy of the universe, Inglia), C-preposition of connection and Tika (fast movement or circular motion). That is, Swa with Tick is the Swastika, the Sun with rotation or movement. solstice!
This ancient symbol has been used by Slavic culture since its inception, and has several hundred different variations. Also, this ancient symbol is used by many other religions, including Buddhism. But for some reason, when this symbol is depicted on Buddha statues, no one ranks Buddhists as fascists or Nazis.

Why is there Buddhism, in the tradition of Russian patterns and ornaments, swastikas are found at every step. And even on Soviet money, the swastika symbol was depicted, moreover, one to one like in Nationalist Germany, except perhaps not black.

So why are we, or rather our (not our) authorities, trying to denigrate this symbol and put it out of use. Unless they are afraid of his true power, which is able to open their eyes to all their atrocities.
Absolutely all the galaxies that exist in our space have the shape of a swastika, so the ban on this symbol is just pure absurdity.
Well, enough talk about the negative, let's look at the Swastikas themselves a little closer.
Swastika symbols have two main types of orientation:
Right solstice- rays directed to the left, create the effect of rotation to the right. It is a symbol of creative solar energy, a symbol of birth and development.
Left side solstice- the rays are directed to the right, creating the effect of rotation to the left. It is a symbol of the energy of "destruction". The word is deliberately put in quotation marks, because there is no pure destruction in the universe. In order for a new solar system to be born, first one of the suns must explode, that is, destructure and be cleansed of the old program. Then there is a new creation. Accordingly, the left-sided swastika is a symbol of Purification, healing, and renewal. And wearing or using this symbol does not destroy, but purifies.
Therefore, it is important to carefully select this symbol based on the changes that you want to get.
Slavic Swastika - it is one of the most powerful symbols that ever existed in the universe. It is stronger than Runic, because it is understood in any galaxy and any universe. It is a universal symbol of being. Treat this symbol with Respect and do not classify it as one people only. And even more so to one extremely small event on the scale of the universe.

The four-beam swastika is a hexagon, with axial symmetry of the 4th order. The correct -beam swastika is described by a point symmetry group (Schoenflies symbolism). This group is generated by rotation of the -th order and reflection in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation - the so-called "horizontal" plane in which the pattern lies. Due to the operation of reflecting the swastika achiral and does not have enantiomer(that is, a "double" obtained by reflection, which cannot be combined with the original figure by any rotation). As a result, in oriented space, right- and left-handed swastikas do not differ. The right- and left-handed swastikas differ only on the plane, where the pattern has purely rotational symmetry. For even, an inversion appears, where is a rotation of the 2nd order.

You can build a swastika for anyone; when you get a figure similar to the sign of the integral. For example, the symbol borjgali(see below) is a swastika with . A swastika-like figure will generally be obtained if we take any area on the plane and multiply it by rotating it times about the vertical axis , which does not lie in the vertical plane of symmetry of the area .

Origin and meaning

Illustration from ESBE.

The word "swastika" is a compound of two Sanskrit roots: सु, su, "good, good" and अस्ति, asti, "life, existence", that is, "well-being" or "well-being". There is another name for the swastika - "gammadion" (Greek. γαμμάδιον ), since the Greeks saw in the swastika a combination of four letters "gamma" (Γ).

The swastika is a symbol of the Sun, good luck, happiness and creation. In Western European medieval literature, the name of the sun god of the ancient Prussians Swiikstiks(Svaixtix) is first found in Latin-language monuments - the beginning of the 17th century: "Sudauer Buchlein"(mid-15th century), "Episcoporum Prussiae Pomesaniensis atque Sambiensis Constitutiones Synodales" (1530), "De Sacrificiis et Idolatria Veterum Borvssorvm Livonum, aliarumque uicinarum gentium" (1563), "De Diis Samagitarum" (1615) .

The swastika is one of the ancient and archaic solar signs - an indicator of the apparent movement of the Sun around the Earth and the division of the year into four parts - four seasons. The sign fixes two solstices: summer and winter - and the annual movement of the Sun.

Nevertheless, the swastika is considered not only as a solar symbol, but also as a symbol of the fertility of the earth. It has the idea of ​​four cardinal points, centered around an axis. The swastika also suggests the idea of ​​movement in two directions: clockwise and counterclockwise. Like "Yin" and "Yang", a dual sign: rotating clockwise symbolizes male energy, counterclockwise - female. In ancient Indian scriptures, male and female swastikas are distinguished, which depicts two female, as well as two male deities.

About the meaning of the swastika, the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus F. A. and Efron I. A. writes as follows:

The swastika is "correct" and reverse. Accordingly, the swastika of the opposite direction symbolizes darkness, destruction. In ancient times, both swastikas were used simultaneously. This has a deep meaning: day replaces night, light replaces darkness, new birth replaces death - and this is the natural order of things in the Universe. Therefore, in ancient times there were no "bad" and "good" swastikas - they were perceived in unity.

One of the oldest forms of the swastika is Asia Minor and is an ideogram of the four cardinal points in the form of a figure with four cross-shaped curls. The swastika was understood as a symbol of the four main forces, the four cardinal points, the elements, the seasons, and the alchemical idea of ​​the transformation of the elements.

Use in religion

In many religions, the swastika is an important religious symbol.

Buddhism

Other religions

Widely used by Jains and followers of Vishnu. In Jainism, the four arms of the swastika represent the four levels of existence.

Usage in history

The swastika is a sacred symbol and is found already in the Upper Paleolithic period. The symbol is found in the culture of many nations. Ukraine, Egypt, Iran, India, China, Maverannahr, Russia, Armenia, Georgia, the Mayan state in Central America - this is the incomplete geography of this symbol. The swastika is presented in oriental ornaments, on monumental buildings and household utensils, on various amulets and Orthodox icons.

In the ancient world

The swastika was found on clay vessels from Samarra (the territory of modern Iraq), which date back to the 5th millennium BC, and in ornaments on ceramics of the South Ural Andronovo culture. The left- and right-handed swastika is found in the pre-Aryan culture of Mohenjo-Daro (Indus River basin) and ancient China around 2000 BC.

One of the oldest forms of the swastika is Asia Minor and is an ideogram of the four cardinal points in the form of a figure with four cross-shaped curls. Back in the 7th century BC, images similar to the swastika were known in Asia Minor, consisting of four cross-shaped scrolls - rounded ends are signs of cyclic movement. There are interesting coincidences in the image of Indian and Asia Minor swastikas (dots between the branches of the swastika, jagged thickenings at the ends). Other early forms of the swastika - a square with four plant-like roundings along the edges - are a sign of the earth, also of Asia Minor origin.

In Northeast Africa, a stele of the kingdom of Meroe was discovered, which existed in the 2nd-3rd centuries AD. e. The fresco on the stele depicts a woman entering the afterlife, and a swastika also flaunts on the clothes of the deceased. The rotating cross also adorns the golden weights for scales that belonged to the inhabitants of Ashanta (Ghana), and the clay utensils of the ancient Indians, and the carpets of the Persians. The swastika is often found on the charms of the Slavs, Germans, Pomors, Curonians, Scythians, Sarmatians, Mordovians, Udmurts, Bashkirs, Chuvashs and many other peoples. The swastika is found wherever there are traces of Buddhist culture.

In China, the swastika is used as a sign of all the deities worshiped in the Lotus School, as well as in Tibet and Siam. In ancient Chinese manuscripts, it included such concepts as "region", "country". Known in the form of a swastika are two curved mutually truncated fragments of a double helix, expressing the symbolism of the relationship "Yin" and "Yang". In maritime civilizations, the double helix motif was an expression of the relationship between opposites, a sign of the Upper and Lower Waters, and also signified the process of life becoming. On one of the Buddhist swastikas, each blade of the cross ends with a triangle indicating the direction of movement and crowned with an arch of a flawed moon, in which, like in a boat, the sun is placed. This sign represents the sign of the mystical arba, the creative quaternary, also called Thor's hammer. A similar cross was found by Schliemann during the excavations of Troy.

The swastika was depicted in pre-Christian Roman mosaics and on the coins of Cyprus and Crete. An ancient Cretan rounded swastika made of plant elements is known. The Maltese cross in the form of a swastika of four triangles converging in the center is of Phoenician origin. It was also known to the Etruscans. According to A. Ossendovsky, Genghis Khan wore on his right hand a ring with a swastika image, into which a ruby ​​was set. Ossendovsky saw this ring on the hand of the Mongol governor. At present, this magical symbol is known mainly in India and Central and East Asia.

Swastika in India

Swastika in Russia (and on its territory)

Various types of swastikas (3-beam, 4-beam, 8-beam) are present on the ceramic ornament of the Andronovo archaeological culture (Southern Urals of the Bronze Age).

The rhombus-meander swastika ornament in the Kostenkovskaya and Mezinskaya cultures (25-20 thousand years BC) was studied by V. A. Gorodtsov. So far, there is no reliable data on where the swastika was first used, but its earliest image was not registered in Russia.

The swastika was used in rituals and construction, in homespun production: in embroideries on clothes, on carpets. The swastika was used to decorate household utensils. She was also present on the icons. Embroidered on clothes, the swastika could have a certain protective meaning.

The swastika symbol was used as a personal sign and a talisman symbol by Empress Alexandra Feodorovna. Images of the swastika are found on hand-drawn postcards of the Empress. One of the first such "signs" was placed by the Empress after the signature "A." on a Christmas card drawn by her, sent on December 5, 1917 from Tobolsk to her friend Yu. A. Den.

The swastika was depicted on some banknotes of the Provisional Government of 1917 and on some Soviet signs printed with the cliché "Kerenok", which were in circulation from 1918 to 1922. .

In November 1919, the commander of the South-Eastern Front of the Red Army, V. I. Shorin, issued a statement that approved the distinctive sleeve insignia of the Kalmyk formations using a swastika. The swastika in the order is indicated by the word "lyungtn", that is, the Buddhist "Lungta", meaning - "whirlwind", "vital energy".

Also, the image of the swastika can be seen on some historical monuments in Chechnya, in particular on ancient crypts in the Itum-Kalinsky district of Chechnya (the so-called "City of the Dead"). In the pre-Islamic period, the swastika was a symbol of the sun god among pagan Chechens (Dela-Malkh).

The swastika and censorship in the USSR

On the territory of modern Israel, images of the swastika were discovered during excavations in the mosaics of ancient synagogues. Thus, the synagogue on the site of the ancient settlement of Ein Gedi in the Dead Sea region dates back to the beginning of the 2nd century, and the synagogue on the site of the modern kibbutz Maoz Chaim on the Golan Heights operated between the 4th and 11th centuries.

In North, Central and South America, the swastika is found in Mayan and Aztec art. In North America, the Navajo, Tennessee, and Ohio tribes used the swastika symbol in ritual burials.

Thai greeting Swatdi! comes from the word svatdika(swastika).

The swastika as the emblem of the Nazi organizations

Nevertheless, I was forced to reject all the countless designs sent to me from all over by young supporters of the movement, since all these projects boiled down to only one theme: they took the old colors and on this background drew a hoe-shaped cross in various variations. […] After a series of experiments and alterations, I myself drew up a completed project: the main background of the banner is red; a white circle inside, and in the center of this circle is a black hoe-shaped cross. After long alterations, I finally found the necessary ratio between the size of the banner and the size of the white circle, and finally settled on the size and shape of the cross.

In the view of Hitler himself, she symbolized "the struggle for the triumph of the Aryan race." This choice combined both the mystical occult meaning of the swastika, and the idea of ​​the swastika as an “Aryan” symbol (due to its prevalence in India), and the already established use of the swastika in the German extreme right tradition: it was used by some Austrian anti-Semitic parties, and in March 1920 during the Kapp putsch, it was depicted on the helmets of the Erhardt brigade that entered Berlin (here, perhaps, there was the influence of the Baltic states, since many fighters of the Volunteer Corps encountered a swastika in Latvia and Finland). Already in the 20s, the swastika became increasingly associated with Nazism; after 1933, it finally began to be perceived as a Nazi symbol par excellence, as a result of which, for example, it was excluded from the emblems of the scouting movement.

However, strictly speaking, not any swastika was a Nazi symbol, but a four-pointed one, with the ends pointing to the right side and rotated by 45 °. At the same time, it should be in a white circle, which in turn is depicted on a red rectangle. It was this sign that was on the state banner of National Socialist Germany from 1933 to 1945, as well as on the emblems of the civil and military services of this country (although, of course, other options were used for decorative purposes, including by the Nazis).

Actually, the Nazis used the term to designate the swastika that served as their symbol. Hakenkreuz ("Hackenkreuz", literally "hook cross", translation options also - "crooked" or "arachnid"), which is not a synonym for the word swastika (German. Swastika), which is also used in German. It can be said that "Hackenkreuz"- the same national name for the swastika in German, as "solstice" or "kolovrat" in Russian or "hackaristi" in Finnish, and is usually used specifically to refer to the Nazi symbol. In Russian translation, this word was translated as "hoe-shaped cross".

On the poster of the Soviet graphic artist Moor "Everything on" G "" (1941), the swastika consists of 4 letters "G", symbolizing the first letters of the names of the leaders of the Third Reich written in Russian - Hitler, Goebbels, Himmler, Goering.

Geographical objects in the form of a swastika

forest swastika

Forest swastika - forest plantation in the form of a swastika. They are found both in open areas in the form of a corresponding schematic planting of trees, and in the forest area. In the latter case, as a rule, a combination of coniferous (evergreen) and deciduous (deciduous) trees is used.

Until 2000, a forest swastika existed northwest of the settlement of Zernick, in the district of Uckermark, in the state of Brandenburg in northwestern Germany.

On a hillside near the village of Tash-Bashat, in Kyrgyzstan, on the border with the Himalayas, there is a forest swastika "Eki Narin" ( 41.447351 , 76.391641 41°26′50.46″ N sh. 76°23′29.9″ E d. /  41.44735121 , 76.39164121 (G)).

Labyrinths and their images

Buildings in the shape of a swastika

Complex 320-325(English) Complex 320-325) - one of the buildings of the naval landing base in Coronado (Eng. Naval Amphibious Base Coronado ), in San Diego Bay, California. The base is operated by the US Navy and is the central training and operations base for the Special Forces and Expeditionary Forces. Coordinates 32.6761, -117.1578.

The building of the Complex was built between 1967 and 1970. The original design consisted of two central buildings for the boiler plant and a relaxation area and a threefold repetition of a 90-degree angle to the central buildings of the L-shaped barracks building. The completed building is shaped like a swastika when viewed from above.

Swastika computer symbol

The Unicode character table has the Chinese characters 卐 (U+5350) and 卍 (U+534D), which are swastikas.

Swastika in culture

In the Spanish TV series "Black Lagoon" (Russian version of "Closed School"), a Nazi organization developing in the depths of a secret laboratory under a boarding school had a coat of arms in which the swastika was encrypted.

Gallery

• Swastika in European culture



Swastika in a 2nd century AD Roman mosaic

see also

Notes

1. R. V. Bagdasarov. Radio program "Swastika: blessing or curse" on "Echo of Moscow".
2. Korablev L. L. Graphic magic of the Icelanders. - M.: "Veligor", 2002. - S. 101
3. http://www.swastika-info.com/images/amerika/usa/cocacola-swastika-fob.jpg
4. Gorodtsov V. A. Archeology. Stone period. M.; Pg., 1923.
5. Yelinek Jan. Large illustrated atlas of primitive man. Prague, 1985.
6. Tarunin A. Past - Kolovrat in Russia.
7. Bagdasarov, Roman; Dymarsky Vitaly, Zakharov Dmitry Swastika: blessing or curse. "The Price of Victory". "Echo of Moscow". Archived from the original on August 23, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2010.
8. Bagdasarov, Roman.. - M .: M., 2001. - S. 432.
9. Sergei Fomin. Materials for the history of the Tsaritsyn Cross
10. Letters from the Royal Family from imprisonment. Jordanville, 1974, p. 160; Dehn L. The Real Tsaritsa. London, 1922. P. 242.
11. There. S. 190.
12. Nikolaev R. Soviet "credit cards" with a swastika? . Site "Bonistika". - the article was also published in the newspaper "Miniature" 1992 No. 7, p. 11. Archived from the original on August 23, 2011. Retrieved June 24, 2009.
13. Evgeny Zhirnov. To assign the right to wear a swastika to all Red Army soldiers // Vlast magazine. - 08/01/2000 - No. 30 (381)
14. http://www.echo.msk.ru/programs/victory/559590-echo/ Interview with historian and religious scholar Roman Bagdasarov
15. http://lj.rossia.org/users/just_hoaxer/311555.html LYUNGTN
16. Kuftin B.A. Material culture of Russian Meshchera. Part 1. Women's clothing: shirt, poneva, sundress. - M.: 1926.
17. W. Shearer. Rise and fall of the Third Reich
18. quote from R. Bagdasarov's book "Mysticism of the Fiery Cross", M., Veche, 2005
19. Discussion of the terms Hakenkreuz and Swastika in the LiveJournal community "Linguaphiles" (in English)
20. Adolf Hitler, "Mein Kampf"
21. Kern German. Labyrinths of the world / Per. from English. - St. Petersburg: Azbuka-klassika, 2007. - 432 p.
22. Azerbaijani Carpets
23. Li Hongzhi. Zhuan Falun Falun Dafa

Literature

In Russian

1. Wilson Thomas. Swastika. The oldest known symbol, its movement from country to country, with observations on the movement of some crafts in prehistoric times / Translation from English: A. Yu. Moskvin // The history of the swastika from ancient times to the present day. - Nizhny Novgorod: Books Publishing House, 2008. - 528 p. - S. 3-354. - ISBN 978-5-94706-053-9.
   (This is the first publication in Russian of the best fundamental work on the history of the swastika, written by Thomas Wilson, curator of the department of prehistoric anthropology of the US National Museum, and published for the first time in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution (Washington) in 1896).
2. Akunov V. The swastika is the oldest symbol of mankind (a selection of publications)
3. Bagdasarov R.V. Swastika: sacred symbol. Ethnoreligious Essays. - Ed. 2nd, corrected. - M .: White Alvy, 2002. - 432 p. - 3000 copies. - ISBN 5-7619-0164-1
4. Bagdasarov R.V. Mystic of the fiery cross. Ed. 3rd, add. and corrected - M.: Veche, 2005. - 400 p. - 5000 copies. - (Labyrinths of occult knowledge). -

Swastika (Skt. स्वस्तिक from Skt. स्वस्ति , match, greeting, good luck) - a cross with curved ends ("rotating"), directed clockwise (卐) or counterclockwise (卍). The swastika is one of the most ancient and widespread graphic symbols.

The swastika was used by many peoples of the world - it was present on weapons, everyday items, clothes, banners and coats of arms, and was used in the design of churches and houses. The oldest archaeological finds with the image of the swastika date back to approximately 10-15 millennium BC.

The swastika as a symbol has many meanings, for most peoples they were all positive. The swastika among most ancient peoples was a symbol of the movement of life, the Sun, light and prosperity.

Occasionally, the swastika is also used in heraldry, mainly English, where it is called fylfot and is usually depicted with shortened ends.

In the Vologda region, where swastika patterns and signs are extremely widespread, village old people in the 50s said that the word swastika is a Russian word that comes from sva- (one’s own, following the example of a matchmaker, brother-in-law, etc.) - true - or there is, I exist, with the addition of a particle -ka, which must be understood as a diminutive meaning of the main word (river - river, stove - stove, etc.), that is, a sign. Thus, the word swastika, in such an etymology, means the sign "one's own", and not someone else's. What was it like for our grandfathers, from the same Vologda region, to see the sign “there is one” on the banners of their worst enemy.

Near the constellation Ursa Major (dr. Makosh) allocate a constellation swastikas, to date not included in any astronomical atlas.

Constellation swastikas in the upper left corner of the image of the map of stars in the sky of the Earth

The main human energy centers, called in the East chakras, earlier - on the territory of modern Russia were called swastikas: the oldest amulet symbol of the Slavs and Aryans, a symbol of the eternal cycle of the Universe. The swastika reflects the Highest Heavenly Law, to which everything that exists is subject. This fiery sign was used by people as a talisman that guards the existing order in the Universe.

Swastika in the cultures of countries and peoples

The swastika is one of the most archaic sacred symbols, already found in the Upper Paleolithic among many peoples of the world. India, ancient Russia, China, Ancient Egypt, the Mayan state in Central America - this is the incomplete geography of this symbol. Swastika symbols denoted calendar signs back in the days of the Scythian kingdom. The swastika can be seen on old Orthodox icons. The swastika is a symbol of the Sun, good luck, happiness, creation (the "correct" swastika). And, accordingly, the swastika of the opposite direction symbolizes darkness, destruction, the “night Sun” among the ancient Russians. As can be seen from ancient ornaments, in particular, on jugs found in the vicinity of Arkaim, both swastikas were used. This has deep meaning. Day replaces night, light replaces darkness, new birth replaces death - and this is the natural order of things in the Universe. Therefore, in ancient times there were no "bad" and "good" swastikas - they were perceived in unity.

This symbol was found on clay vessels from Samarra (the territory of modern Iraq), which date back to the 5th millennium BC. The swastika in the left and right rotation form is found in the pre-Aryan culture of Mohenjo-Daro (Indus River basin) and ancient China around 2000 BC. In Northeast Africa, archaeologists have found a burial stele of the Meroz kingdom, which existed in the 2nd-3rd centuries AD. The fresco on the stele depicts a woman entering the afterlife, and a swastika also flaunts on the clothes of the deceased. The rotating cross also adorns the golden weights for scales that belonged to the inhabitants of Ashanta (Ghana), and the clay utensils of the ancient Indians, and the carpets of the Persians. The swastika was on almost all amulets among the Slavs, Germans, Pomors, Skalvians, Curonians, Scythians, Sarmatians, Mordovians, Udmurts, Bashkirs, Chuvashs and many other peoples. In many religions, the swastika is an important religious symbol.

Children light oil lamps on New Year's Eve Diwali.

The swastika in India has traditionally been seen as a solar sign - a symbol of life, light, generosity and abundance. It was closely associated with the cult of the god Agni. She is mentioned in the Ramayana. In the form of a swastika, a wooden tool was made to produce the sacred fire. They laid him flat on the ground; the recess in the middle served for the rod, which was rotated until the appearance of fire, kindled on the altar of the deity. It was carved in many temples, on the rocks, on the ancient monuments of India. Also a symbol of esoteric Buddhism. In this aspect, it is called the "Seal of the Heart" and, according to legend, was imprinted on the heart of the Buddha. Her image is placed on the hearts of the initiates after their death. Known as the Buddhist cross (it resembles a Maltese cross in shape). The swastika is found everywhere where there are traces of Buddhist culture - on rocks, in temples, stupas and on Buddha statues. Together with Buddhism, it penetrated from India to China, Tibet, Siam and Japan.

In China, the swastika is used as a sign of all the deities worshiped in the Lotus School, as well as in Tibet and Siam. In ancient Chinese manuscripts, it included such concepts as "region", "country". Known in the form of a swastika are two curved mutually truncated fragments of a double helix, expressing the symbolism of the relationship "Yin" and "Yang". In maritime civilizations, the double helix motif was an expression of the relationship between opposites, a sign of the Upper and Lower Waters, and also signified the process of life becoming. Widely used by Jains and followers of Vishnu. In Jainism, the four arms of the swastika represent the four levels of existence. On one of the Buddhist swastikas, each blade of the cross ends with a triangle indicating the direction of movement and crowned with an arch of a flawed moon, in which, like in a boat, the sun is placed. This sign represents the sign of the mystical arba, the creative quaternary, also called Thor's hammer. A similar cross was found by Schliemann during the excavations of Troy.

Greek helmet with swastika, 350-325 BC from Taranto, found at Herculanum. Cabinet of medals. Paris.

Swastika in Russia

A special kind of swastika, symbolizing the rising Sun-Yarilu, the victory of Light over Darkness, Eternal life over death, was called brace(lit. "wheel rotation", Old Church Slavonic form kolovrat was also used in Old Russian).

The swastika was used in rituals and construction. So, in particular, many ancient Slavic settlements had the form of a swastika, oriented to the four cardinal points. The swastika was often the main element of Proto-Slavic ornaments.

According to archaeological excavations, some ancient cities in Russia were built in this way. Such a circular structure can be observed, for example, in Arkaim, one of the most famous and oldest structures in Russia. Arkaim was built according to a pre-designed plan as a single complex complex, moreover, oriented to astronomical objects with the greatest accuracy. The pattern formed by four entrances in the outer wall of Arkaim is a swastika. Moreover, the swastika is “correct”, that is, directed towards the Sun.

The swastika was also used by the peoples of Russia in homespun production: in embroideries on clothes, on carpets. The swastika was used to decorate household utensils. She was also present on the icons.

In the light of the stormy and controversial discussions that often arise now around the ancient symbol of Russian National Culture - the Gamma Cross (Yarga-Swastika), it is necessary to recall that it was she who was one of the symbols of the struggle against the age-old oppression of the Russian people. Not many people know that many centuries ago, “the Lord God pointed out to Emperor Constantine the Great that with the cross he would win… only with Christ and precisely with the Cross the Russian People would defeat all their enemies and finally throw off the hated yoke of the Jews! But the Cross with which the Russian People will win is not simple, but, as usual, golden, but for the time being it is hidden from many Russian Patriots under the rubble of lies and slander. In news reports made according to the books of Kuznetsov V.P. "The history of the development of the shape of the cross." M. 1997; Kutenkova P. I. "Yarga-swastika - a sign of Russian folk culture" St. Petersburg. 2008; Bagdasarov R. "Mysticism of the Fiery Cross" M. 2005, tells about the place in the culture of the Russian People of the most fertile cross - the swastika. The swastika cross has one of the most perfect forms and contains in graphic form the whole mystical mystery of God's Providence and the whole dogmatic fullness of the Church's doctrine.

Icon "Symbol of Faith"

Swastika in the RSFSR

It is necessary to remind and remember in the future that "Russians are the third God's Chosen People ( "Third Rome - Moscow, Fourth - do not happen"); the swastika is a graphic representation of the entire mystical mystery of the Providence of God, and the entire dogmatic fullness of the Church's doctrine; The Russian People under the sovereign hand of the Tsar-victor from the Royal House of Romanov, who swore to God in 1613 to be faithful until the end of time and this people will defeat all their enemies under the banners, on which, under the face of the Savior Not Made by Hands, a swastika will develop - a gamma cross! In the State Emblem, the swastika will also be placed on a large crown, which symbolizes the power of the God-Anointed Tsar both in the earthly Church of Christ and in the Kingdom of the God-chosen Russian People.

In 3-2 millennia BC. e. a swastika braid is found on the ceramics of the Eneolithic of the Tomsk-Chulym region and on the gold and bronze products of the Slavs found in the barrows of Stavropol in the Kuban. In the second half of the 4th millennium BC. e. swastika symbols are common in the North Caucasus (where the Sumerians come from - Proto-Slavs) in the form of huge models of the Sun-mounds. In terms of mounds, they are already known varieties of swastikas. Only magnified a thousand times. At the same time, a swastika ornament in the form of a braid is often found in the Neolithic sites of the Kama region and the Northern Volga region. The swastika on a clay vessel found in Samara has also been dated to 4000 BC. e. At the same time, a four-pointed zoomorphic swastika is depicted on a vessel from the area between the Prut and Dniester rivers. In the 5th millennium BC. e. Slavic religious symbols - swastikas - are common everywhere. Anatolian dishes feature a centripetal rectangular swastika surrounded by two circles of fish and long-tailed birds. Spiral-shaped swastikas were found in Northern Moldavia, as well as in the area between the Seret and Strypa rivers and in the Moldavian Carpathian region. In the 6th millennium BC. e. swastikas are common on whorls in Mesopotamia, in the Neolithic culture of Trypillya-Kukuteni, on the bowls of Samara, etc. In the 7th millennium BC. e. Slavic swastikas are inscribed on the clay seals of Anatolia and Mesopotamia.

An ornamental swastika grid was found in stamps and on a bracelet made of mammoth bone in Myozyn, Chernihiv region. And this is a find from the 23rd millennium BC! And 35-40 thousand years ago, the Neanderthals inhabiting Siberia, due to two to three million years of adaptation, acquired the appearance of Caucasoids, as evidenced by the teeth of adolescents found in the Altai caves of Denisov, named after Okladchikov and in the village of Sibiryachikha. And these anthropological studies were carried out by the American anthropologist K. Turner.

The swastika in post-imperial Russia

In Russia, the swastika first appeared in official symbols in 1917 - it was then, on April 24, that the Provisional Government issued a decree on the issuance of new banknotes in denominations of 250 and 1000 rubles. The peculiarity of these banknotes was that they had an image of a swastika on them. Here is the description of the front side of the 1000-ruble banknote, given in paragraph No. 128 of the Senate resolution of June 6, 1917:

“The main pattern of the grid consists of two large oval guilloche rosettes - right and left ... In the center of each of the two large rosettes there is a geometric ornament formed by cross-intersecting wide stripes bent at a right angle, at one end to the right, and at the other - to the left ... The intermediate background between both large rosettes is filled with a guilloche pattern, and the center of this background is occupied by a geometric ornament of the same pattern as in both rosettes, but of a larger size.

Unlike the banknote of 1000 rubles, on the 250-ruble banknote there was only one swastika - in the center behind the eagle. From the banknotes of the Provisional Government, the swastika also migrated to the first Soviet banknotes. True, in this case this was due to industrial necessity, and not ideological considerations: it was just that the Bolsheviks, who were preoccupied with issuing their own money in 1918, simply took ready-made, created by order of the Provisional Government, clichés of new banknotes (5,000 and 10,000 rubles) that were being prepared for release in 1918. Kerensky and his comrades could not print these banknotes, due to certain circumstances, but the clichés were useful to the leadership of the RSFSR. Thus, swastikas were also present on Soviet banknotes in denominations of 5,000 and 10,000 rubles. These banknotes were in circulation until 1922.

Not without the use of the swastika in the Red Army. In November 1919, the commander of the South-Eastern Front, V.I. Shorin, issued order No. 213, which introduced a new sleeve insignia for the Kalmyk formations. The appendix to the order also included a description of the new sign: “Rhombus measuring 15x11 centimeters made of red cloth. In the upper corner there is a five-pointed star, in the center - a wreath, in the middle of which is "LYUNGTN" with the inscription "R. S. F. S. R. "The diameter of the star is 15 mm, the wreath is 6 cm, the size of the "LYUNGTN" is 27 mm, the letter is 6 mm. The sign for the command and administrative staff is embroidered in gold and silver, and for the Red Army soldiers it is screen-printed. The star, "lyungtn" and the ribbon of the wreath are embroidered with gold (for the Red Army - with yellow paint), the wreath itself and the inscription - with silver (for the Red Army - with white paint). The mysterious abbreviation (if, of course, it is an abbreviation at all) LYUNGTN just denoted the swastika.

Over the course of a number of years, the author's collection was replenished, and in 1971 a full-fledged book on vexillology was prepared, supplemented by historical reference information explaining the evolution of flags. The book was provided with an alphabetical index of country names in Russian and English. The book was designed by artists B. P. Kabashkin, I. G. Baryshev and V. V. Borodin, who painted flags especially for this edition.

Although almost two years had passed from putting it into typesetting (December 17, 1969) to signing for publication (September 15, 1971), and the text of the book was as ideologically verified as possible, a disaster struck. Upon receipt from the printing house of signal copies of the already finished circulation (75 thousand copies), it was found that the illustrations on a number of pages of the historical section contain images of flags with a swastika (pages 5-8; 79-80; 85-86 and 155-156). Emergency measures were taken to reprint these pages in an edited form, that is, without these illustrations. Then, manual (for the entire print run!) Cutting out ideologically harmful, “anti-Soviet” sheets was made and new ones pasted in the spirit of communist ideology.

The Ynglings claim that the ancient Slavs used 144 swastika symbols. Also, they offer their interpretation of the word "Swastika": "Sva" - "arch", "heaven", "C" - the direction of rotation, "Tika" - "running", "movement", which determines: "Coming from the sky" .

Swastika in India

Swastika on Buddha statue

In pre-Buddhist ancient Indian and some other cultures, the swastika is usually interpreted as a sign of auspicious destinies, a symbol of the sun. This symbol is still widely used in India and South Korea, and most weddings, holidays and festivities cannot do without it.

Swastika in Finland

Since 1918, the swastika has been part of the state symbols of Finland (now it is depicted on the presidential standard, as well as on the banners of the armed forces).

Swastika in Poland

In the Polish army, the swastika was used in the emblem on the collars of the Podhalian Riflemen (21st and 22nd Mountain Rifle Divisions

Swastika in Latvia

In Latvia, the swastika, which in the local tradition had the name "fiery cross", was the emblem of the air force from 1919 to 1940

Swastika in Germany

• Rudyard Kipling, whose collected works were always decorated with a swastika, ordered that it be removed in the latest edition in order to avoid association with Nazism.

After the Second World War, the image of the swastika was banned in a number of countries and can be criminalized.

Swastika as an emblem of Nazi and fascist organizations

Even before the Nazis entered the political arena of Germany, the swastika was used as a symbol of German nationalism by various paramilitary organizations. It was worn, in particular, by members of the detachments of G. Erhardt.

In the view of Hitler himself, she symbolized "the struggle for the triumph of the Aryan race." This choice combined both the mystical occult meaning of the swastika, and the idea of ​​the swastika as an "Aryan" symbol (due to its prevalence in India), and the already established use of the swastika in the German extreme right tradition: it was used by some Austrian anti-Semitic parties, and in March 1920 During the Kapp putsch, it was depicted on the helmets of the Erhardt brigade that entered Berlin (there may have been the influence of the Baltics here, since many fighters of the Volunteer Corps encountered swastikas in Latvia and Finland). In 1923, at the Nazi Congress, Hitler reported that the black swastika was a call for a merciless fight against communists and Jews. Already in the 1920s, the swastika became increasingly associated with Nazism; after 1933, it finally began to be perceived as a Nazi symbol par excellence, as a result of which, for example, it was excluded from the emblems of the scouting movement.

However, strictly speaking, not any swastika was a Nazi symbol, but a four-pointed one, with the ends pointing to the right side and rotated by 45 °. At the same time, it should be in a white circle, which in turn is depicted on a red rectangle. It was such a sign that was on the state banner of National Socialist Germany in 1933-1945, as well as on the emblems of the civil and military services of this country (although, of course, other options were used for decorative purposes, including by the Nazis).

In 1931-1943, the swastika was on the flag of the Russian Fascist Party, organized by Russian emigrants in Manchukuo (China).

The swastika is currently used by a number of racist organizations.

Swastika in transcripts of Soviet teenagers

The acrophonemic convention of the meaning of the Nazi swastika of the Third Reich, - common in deciphering among Soviet children and adolescents from films and stories about the Great Patriotic War (WWII), - the encrypted name of state political figures, leaders and members of the Social Socialist German Workers' Party in Germany, according to the first letters of famous names in history: Hitler ( German Adolf Hitler), Himmler ( German Heinrich Himmler), Goebbels ( German Joseph Goebbels), Goering ( German Hermann Goring).

Swastika in the USA