The stories of children's garshin are small. School Encyclopedia

Vsevolod Mikhailovich Garshin(1855 - 1888) - Russian poet, writer, art critic. Fairy tales created in the 19th century by Vsevolod Garshin are distinguished by their magnificent style and the smallest details of the story. The richest inner world allowed the Russian writer to compose unique children's works. Fictional stories will introduce kids to a variety of characters: a traveling frog, a quivering rose, a formidable ruler or a purposeful palm tree. Each of them is full of life, as the author very realistically described his characters and the surrounding reality.

Tales of Garshin read online

It is best to read Garshin's fairy tales to a child together with adults. Parents will explain to him the deep meaning that lies behind the seemingly ordinary words and actions of the heroes at first. The stories collected on the site have fantastically beautiful and touching stories that will appeal to both big and small connoisseurs of Russian literature.

Garshin Vsevolod Mikhailovich (1855-1888)

Garshin V.M. - Russian writer, poet, critic. Fame gained after the publication of his first work "4 days". Garshin devoted many of his works to the theme of a senseless war and the extermination of humanity by each other. Garshin's works are distinguished by precise phrases without metaphors and deep pessimism.

Tales of Garshin

The list of Garshin's fairy tales is small, but some of them are known to the whole world. Fairy tales "The Traveling Frog", "The Tale of the Toad and the Rose", "That which was not" are known to every child. On our site you can read Garshin's fairy tales online for free and without registration. All Garshin's fairy tales with colorful illustrations and brief content are presented as a list in alphabetical order.

Tales of Garshin list:

Tales of Garshin

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A tragic tale about an abandoned flower garden and its neighbors - a little boy with his sister and an old, evil toad. The boy was a regular in the flower garden, every day he sat there and read books, knew every stem in this flower garden, watched lizards, a hedgehog until he fell ill and stopped visiting the flower garden. Even in this flower garden there lived an old nasty toad that hunted for midges, mosquitoes and butterflies all day long. When the ugly toad saw the blossoming rose flower, she wanted to devour it. And although it was difficult for her to climb the stems, one day she almost reached the flower. But just at that moment, at the request of the sick boy, his sister went out into the flower garden to cut a rose flower and bring it to her brother. She threw the toad off the bush, cut the flower and brought it to her brother. The brother smelled the flower and stopped breathing forever. And then they put the rose near a small coffin, dried it and put it in a book.

"The Tale of the Toad and the Rose" Garshin V.M. included in

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Tales of Garshin

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Summary of the fairy tale "Frog Traveler":

adventure author's fairy tale Garshin about smart travel frog, who is tired of sitting in her swamp and seizes the opportunity to fly south, where it is warm and there are clouds of midges and mosquitoes. She even figured out how to get there and persuaded the ducks to do it, which just flew south. 2 ducks took a strong thin twig in their beak from different ends, and in the middle the frog grabbed the rod with its mouth. But get south Frog traveler I couldn’t, because on the second day of the flight, when everyone who saw this way of traveling began to admire and ask - “Who invented this?”, Frog traveler unable to contain her pride, she opened her mouth and told everyone that she had thought of it. But, opening her mouth, she unhooked from the twig and fell into a pond at the edge of the village. And the ducks flew away, thinking that the poor frog had crashed and that was the end of her journey.

Tale of Garshin V.M. Traveling frog enters

Garshin's fairy tales are read in one breath ... The author is famous for his touching fairy tales for children with deep meaning.

Read Garshin's Tales

Tales of Garshin list

The list of Vsevolod Garshin's fairy tales for children is small. The school curriculum is most often represented by the works “The Traveling Frog” and “The Tale of the Toad and the Rose”. It is for these tales that the author is known.

However, Garshin's tales make up the list is not so short. It also contains such wonderful stories as "The Tale of the Proud Haggai", "That which was not" and "Attalea princeps". In total, the author wrote five fairy tales.

About Vsevolod Garshin

Vsevolod Mikhailovich Garshin from an old noble family. Born into a military family. Mother from childhood instilled in her son a love of literature. Vsevolod learned very quickly and was developed beyond his years. Perhaps that is why he often took everything that happened to heart.

Garshin's writing style cannot be confused with anyone else's. Always an accurate expression of thought, designation of facts without unnecessary metaphors and an all-consuming sadness that passes through each of his tales, each story. Both adults and children like to read Garshin's fairy tales, everyone will find a meaning in them, presented in the way that the authors of short stories usually do.

The works of V. M. Garshin are known to the modern reader from school years. His fairy tales for children are considered a model of world fiction.

Childhood years of the writer

In 1855 in a noble family. The place of birth was the estate of the parents in the Yekaterinoslav province. Father and mother are from military families. My father himself was an officer who participated in the Crimean War. Mother was active in social and political activities, being a member of the revolutionary democratic movement.

In childhood, the future writer had to endure a difficult psychological drama. She was the result of a difficult relationship between the boy's parents. Family life ended with their divorce and the departure of their mother.

Until the age of nine, the child lived with his father on the family estate, and then moved to his mother in St. Petersburg, where he began studying at the gymnasium. It is believed that it was she who instilled in the child a love of literature. She herself was fluent in French and German. The natural desire of the mother was to give a good education to her son. Communication with her contributed to the early development of the child's consciousness. The formation of such traits of character as a high sense of duty, citizenship, the ability to sense the subtle world around, is also a merit of the mother.

Student years. The beginning of literary activity

After successfully completing his studies at the gymnasium, the young man enters the Mining Institute, where his literary career begins. opens a satirical essay on the life of the provincials. The composition was based on real events that the young writer could personally observe in those days when he lived in the estate of his parents.

In his student years, Garshin was keenly interested in the work of the Wanderers. It is for this reason that he publishes many articles on their work.

Military service

The events that took place in the country could not leave the young man aside. Considering himself a hereditary military man, Garshin takes part in the war that was declared by Russia against Turkey. In one of the battles, the young man was wounded in the leg and sent to the hospital for treatment.

Even here, the list of Garshin's works continues to grow. The story "Four Days", which was published in "Notes of the Fatherland", was written while undergoing treatment in a military hospital. After this publication, the name of the young writer became known in literary circles, he became widely known.
After being wounded, Garshin was given a year's leave, and then resignation from military service. Despite this, the distinguished military man was promoted to officer.

Literary activity

After the events described, V. M. Garshin had the opportunity to return to St. Petersburg, where he was very warmly received in intellectual circles. He was patronized by such famous writers as M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin, G. I. Uspensky and others.

As a volunteer, the young writer continued his education at St. Petersburg University. The list of Garshin's works from that moment continued to grow steadily, which indicated his undoubted literary gift.

Feature of literary creativity of the writer

The works of V. M. Garshin amazed readers with the bareness of feelings that the writer so skillfully described in his stories and essays. No one had any doubt that the hero of this or that work and its author are one and the same person.

This idea was strengthened in the minds of readers also because the list of Garshin's works began to be replenished with works that took the form of diary entries. In them, the narration was conducted in the first person, the feelings of the hero, his most intimate spiritual secrets and experiences, were extremely exposed. All this, undoubtedly, pointed to the subtle spiritual qualities of the author himself. Proof of all this can be found in such works as "Coward", "Incident", "Artists", and many other stories.

The events experienced, the complexity of the character, the peculiarities of the mental organization led to the fact that V. M. Garshin developed a disease that needed to be treated. To do this, he was repeatedly placed in psychiatric hospitals, where he managed to achieve only a relative recovery. In connection with these events, the literary activity of the writer was suspended for some time. In a difficult period of life, Garshin continued to be supported by friends and loved ones.

Garshin's works for children

The list of works that today are called diamonds began to appear when the writer decided to simplify the language of the narrative. The stories of L. N. Tolstoy, written especially for young readers, served as a model.

Garshin's works for children, the list of which is not so long, are distinguished by simplicity of presentation, clear fascination, novelty of the characters' characters and their actions. After reading fairy tales, the reader always has the opportunity to reason, argue, and draw certain conclusions. All this helps a person to move forward in his development.

It should be noted that Garshin's fairy tales are interesting not only for young readers, but also for their parents. An adult is surprised to find that the fairy tale has captured him, revealing some new aspects of human relations, a different outlook on life. In total, five works of the writer are known that are intended for children's reading: "The Tale of the Proud Haggai", "About the Toad and the Rose", "Attalea princeps", "That which was not". The tale - "The Traveling Frog" - is the last work of the writer. It has rightfully become a favorite children's work for many generations of readers.

Garshin's tales are studied in literature classes in elementary and high school. They are included in all current school programs and textbooks.
Books with the works of Vsevolod Mikhailovich Garshin are republished in numerous editions, released in the form of audio recordings. Based on his creations, animated films, filmstrips, performances were created.

Details Category: Author's and literary fairy tales Posted on 11/14/2016 07:16 PM Views: 2738

The work of V. Garshin was extremely popular with his contemporaries. And this is all the more surprising because his life was

short (only 33 years), and he wrote quite a bit: his works of art amounted to only one volume.

But everything that he created has become a classic of Russian literature, his works have been translated into all major European languages.

Garshin had a special talent to see the new in the known, to find an original way to express his ideas. A.P. most appreciated his personality and talent. Chekhov: “He has a special talent - a human one. He had a fine, magnificent instinct for pain in general."

About the writer

Vsevolod Mikhailovich Garshin(1855-1888) - Russian writer, poet, art critic. Garshin was also an outstanding art critic. Of particular interest are his articles on painting, mainly on the Wanderers.

I. Repin “Portrait of V.M. Garshin" (1884). Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York)
The future writer was born in the family of an officer. The mother was an educated woman: she was interested in literature and politics, she was fluent in several foreign languages, her moral influence on her son was very significant.
Garshin studied at the 7th gymnasium in St. Petersburg, later transformed into a real school, and then entered the Mining Institute, but did not finish it, because. the Russian-Turkish war began. Garshin left teaching and volunteered for the army. Participated in battles, was wounded in the leg, introduced to the officers. In 1877, Mr.. resigned and fully engaged in literary activities.
This article will focus only on the fairy tales of V. Garshin, but I would like to advise schoolchildren to read his other works: the stories “Four Days”, “Signal”, “Red Flower”, etc. You can learn from the writer the accuracy of observation, the ability to express an idea a short, polished phrase. Garshin's other hobby, painting, helped him write accurately and vividly. He was friends with many Russian artists, often visited their exhibitions, dedicated his articles and stories to them.

The moral purity of the writer is also attracted, which did not leave him a sense of responsibility for the evil that exists between people, and the pain that he felt when he saw a humiliated or oppressed person. And this pain intensified in him because he did not see a way out of this darkness. His work is considered pessimistic. But he is appreciated for the fact that he was able to keenly feel and artistically depict social evil.

Nikolai Minsky "Over the Grave of Garshin"

You have lived a sad life. Sick conscience of the century
I marked you as her herald -
In the days of malice you loved people and man,
And I longed to believe, we languish with unbelief.
I did not know anything more beautiful and sadder
Your radiant eyes and pale brow,
As if earthly life was for you
Longing for the homeland, unattainable distant ...

And now about the fairy tales of V.M. Garshin.
The first fairy tale written by Garshin was published in the journal Russian Wealth, No. 1 for 1880. It was the fairy tale Attalea princeps.

Tale "Attalea princeps" (1880)

The plot of the fairy tale

In the greenhouse of the botanical garden, among many other plants, the Brazilian palm Attalea princeps lives.
The palm grows very fast and dreams of breaking out of the glass shackles of the greenhouse. It is supported by a small grass growing at the roots of a palm tree: “You will break through it and go out into the light of God. Then you will tell me if everything is as beautiful as it was. I'll be happy with that too." Palm and grass are the main characters of the tale, the rest of the plants are minor characters.
An argument begins in the greenhouse: some plants are quite satisfied with their lives - for example, a fat cactus. Others complain about the dry and barren soil, like the sago palm. Attalia intervenes in their dispute: “Listen to me: grow taller and wider, scatter branches, push on frames and glass, our greenhouse will crumble to pieces, and we will go free. If one branch hits the glass, then, of course, it will be cut off, but what will be done with a hundred strong and courageous trunks? We just need to work more unitedly, and victory is ours.”

The palm tree grows, and its branches bend iron frames. Glasses are falling. Weed asks if it hurts. “What does it mean to hurt when I want to go free? <...> Do not feel sorry for me! I'll die or be free!"
The palm tree cannot get used, like other plants, to its beautiful prison and yearns for its native southern sun. When she decides to fight for her freedom, her neighbors in the greenhouse call her "proud" and her dreams of freedom "nonsense."
Of course, many, including members of the Narodnaya Volya, saw in the fairy tale a call for a revolutionary movement, especially since revolutionary terrorism in Russia at that time was gaining momentum.
But Garshin himself claimed that there were no such revolutionary hints in his fairy tale, but only an accidental observation of a similar situation: in winter in the botanical garden, he saw how a palm tree was cut down, destroying the glass roof, which threatened other greenhouse plants.
... And finally, the Attalea princeps palm is free. What did she see? A gray autumn day, bare trees, a dirty courtyard of the botanical garden... - Just something? she thought. “Is that all that I have languished and suffered for so long?” And this was the highest goal for me to achieve?
The trees surrounding the greenhouse say to her, “You don't know what frost is. You can't endure. Why did you come out of your greenhouse?"
The palm tree dies, and with it the grass, dug up by the gardener and thrown out "on a dead palm tree, lying in the mud and already half covered with snow," dies.

So what is this tale about? What did the author want to say to his readers?

Freedom and the struggle for this freedom are always beautiful and admirable, because not everyone is given this. And let the results of the struggle are not always obvious. But you can’t give up, lose heart, no matter what - you have to fight. "If you left behind a trace of the beauty of the soul, then be sure that you have fulfilled your mission on earth...".

Fairy tale "That which was not" (1880)

It is impossible to unambiguously call this work of Garshin a fairy tale. It is more like a philosophical parable. In it, the writer seeks to refute the unambiguous perception of life.

The plot of the fairy tale

One fine June day, a company of gentlemen gathered: an old bay, on which two flies were sitting; the caterpillar of some butterfly; snail; dung-beetle; lizard; grasshopper; ant.
“The company argued politely, but quite animatedly, and, as it should be, no one agreed with anyone, since everyone valued the independence of their opinion and character.”
The dung beetle argued that life is work for the sake of the future generation (i.e. offspring). The beetle confirmed the truth of such a view by the laws of nature. He follows the laws of nature, and this gives him confidence in his rightness and a sense of accomplishment.
The ant accuses the beetle of selfishness and says that working for your offspring is like working for yourself. The ant itself works for society, for the "treasury". True, no one thanks him for this, but such, in his opinion, is the fate of all those who work not for themselves. His outlook on life is bleak.
The grasshopper is an optimist, he believes that life is beautiful, the world is huge and there is “young grass, sun and breeze” in it. The grasshopper is a symbol of spiritual freedom, freedom from earthly worries.
Gnedoy says that he has seen much more in the world than even a grasshopper from the height of his most "big jump". For him, the world is all those villages and cities that he has visited throughout his long horse life.
The caterpillar has its own position. She lives for the future life that comes after death.
Philosophy of the snail: “I would have burdock, but it’s enough: I’ve been crawling for four days now, but it still doesn’t end. And behind this burdock there is another burdock, and in that burdock there is probably another snail. That's all for you."
Flies take everything that happens around them for granted. They cannot say that they were bad. They just ate jam and were satisfied. They think only of themselves, they are ruthless even to their own mother (“Our mother got bogged down in jam, but what can we do? She has already lived quite a long time in the world. And we are happy.”)
Each of these views of the world has its own rightness, supported by the personal experience of the arguing and their way of life, which is largely independent of them: the grasshopper will never be able to see the world as the bay sees it, the snail will never be able to take the point of view of the bay and etc. Everyone speaks about his own and cannot go beyond the limits of his personal experience.
Garshin shows the inferiority of such a philosophy: each of the interlocutors recognizes his opinion as the only correct and possible one. In reality, life is more complicated than any of the points of view expressed.
Read the end of the story:

Gentlemen, said the lizard, I think you are all quite right! But on the other side...
But the lizard never said what was on the other side, because she felt something firmly press her tail to the ground.
It was Anton, the coachman, who woke up, who came for the bay; he accidentally stepped on the company with his boot and crushed it. Some flies flew away to suck on their dead mother, smeared with jam, and the lizard ran away with its tail torn off. Anton took the bay by the forelock and led him out of the garden to harness him to a barrel and go for water, and he said: “Well, go, you tail!” To which the bay answered only with a whisper.
And the lizard was left without a tail. True, after a while he grew up, but forever remained somehow dull and blackish. And when the lizard was asked how she hurt her tail, she answered modestly:
- I was torn off because I decided to express my convictions.
And she was absolutely right.

Garshin's contemporaries easily associated the interlocutors depicted by him with a variety of trends in intellectual circles, whose members offered the final and, from their point of view, the only correct way to reorganize life. In some cases, the activities of these circles were stopped by the authorities, and then their members could say that they suffered for their beliefs.
V.G. Korolenko called this gloomy satirical tale "a pearl of artistic pessimism."

"The Tale of the Toad and the Rose" (1884)

The plot of the fairy tale

A rose and a toad lived in a neglected flower garden. For a long time no one has entered this flower garden, except for one little boy of about seven. “He loved his flower garden very much (it was his flower garden, because, apart from him, almost no one went to this abandoned place) and, having come to it, sat down in the sun, on an old wooden bench that stood on a dry sandy path that had survived about the house itself, because they went to close the shutters along it, and began to read the book he had brought with him.
But the last time he was in the flower garden last autumn, and now he could not go to his favorite corner. “As before, his sister was sitting next to him, but no longer by the window, but by his bed; she read the book, but not for herself, but aloud to him, because it was difficult for him to raise his emaciated head from the white pillows and it was difficult for him to hold even the smallest volume in his skinny hands, and his eyes soon got tired from reading. He must never go out to his favorite corner again."
A rose bloomed in the flower garden. Her fragrance is heard by a nasty toad, and then she sees the flower itself. She hated the rose for its beauty and immediately decided to eat the flower. She repeated this several times:
- I'll eat you!
But all her attempts to get to the flower were unsuccessful - she only got hurt on the thorns and fell to the ground.
The boy asked his sister to bring him a rose. The sister literally snatched the flower from the paws of the toad, threw it aside, and placed the rose in a glass by the boy's bed. The rose was cut - and this is death for her. But at the same time it is also happiness to be needed by someone. It's much, much nicer than being eaten by a toad. The death of a flower brought the last joy to a dying child, it brightened up the last minutes of his life.
The boy only had time to smell the flower and died... The rose stood at the boy's coffin, and then it was dried. So she got to the author.

Children's illustration for a fairy tale

In this tale, the toad and the rose are antipodes. A lazy and disgusting toad with its hatred of everything beautiful - and a rose as the embodiment of goodness and joy. An example of the eternal struggle of two opposites - good and evil.
Those who do good are immortal, those who do evil are doomed.

Fairy tale "The Traveling Frog" (1887)

This is Garshin's last and most optimistic tale. She is also his most famous fairy tale, created on the basis of an ancient Indian fable about a turtle and swans. But the tortoise in the ancient Indian fable is smashed to death, and the moral of the fable is in the punishment of disobedience.
This tale is known to everyone, so the content is only briefly.

The plot of the fairy tale

A frog lived in a swamp. In autumn, ducks flew south past the swamp and stopped to rest. The frog heard them hurrying to fly south and asked them: "What is the south you are flying to?" They told her that it was warm in the south, wonderful swamps and clouds of mosquitoes, and she asked to fly with them. She came up with the idea that if two ducks take hold of the ends of the twig with their beaks, and she grabs the middle with her mouth, then the flock, changing, can carry her to the south. The ducks agreed, admiring her intelligence.

“People looked at a flock of ducks and, noticing something strange in it, pointed at it with their hands. And the frog terribly wanted to fly closer to the earth, show himself and listen to what they say about him. On her next vacation she said:
- Can't we fly not so high? I'm dizzy from the height, and I'm afraid to fall if I suddenly feel sick.
And good ducks promised her to fly lower. The next day they flew so low that they heard voices:
- Look, look! - shouted children in one village, - ducks carry a frog!
The frog heard this and her heart skipped a beat.
- Look, look! adults shouted in another village, “what a miracle!”
“Do they know I came up with this, not the ducks?” thought the frog.
- Look, look! shouted in the third village. - What a miracle! And who came up with such a cunning thing?
Then the frog could no longer stand it and, forgetting all caution, screamed with all his might:
- It's me! I!
And with that cry, she flew upside down to the ground.<...>She soon emerged from the water and immediately again shouted in a rage at the top of her lungs:
- It's me! This is what I came up with!

In The Traveling Frog there is no such cruel end as in the ancient Indian fable, the author treats his heroine kinder, and the tale is written cheerfully and with humor.
In the tale of V.M. Garshin, the motive for punishment for pride remains. The key phrase here is "not capable of real flight." The frog, with the help of deceit, is trying to change the foundations of the universe, to equalize its habitual habitat (swamp) with the sky. The deception almost succeeds, but, as in the ancient epic, the frog is punished. The image of the frog is bright, accurate, it is remembered. She cannot be called a negative character, although she is vain and boastful.
In the 19th century the frog was a symbol of materialistic thinking: it was on it that natural scientists conducted experiments (remember Bazarov!). Therefore, the frog is not capable of "flying". But V.M. Garshin portrays the frog as a romantic creature. The magical south beckons her, she came up with an ingenious way to travel and - took off. The author sees in the frog not only vanity and boasting, but also good qualities: good manners (she tries not to croak at the wrong time, is polite with ducks); curiosity, courage. By showing the shortcomings of the frog, the author feels sympathy for her and saves her life at the end of the tale.

Monument to the frog-traveler in Grodno (Republic of Belarus)