Calculation of calendar days between dates. Calculate days, months and years between two dates online

If on an Excel sheet you work not only with numbers, graphs, pictures, but also with dates, then you probably came across a situation where you had to calculate the difference between them. For example, you need to determine the number of days or months for a certain period of time, or calculate the age of a person so that the result is in days, months and years, or maybe it is required to calculate working days.

There is already an article about calculating the difference in Excel on the site, and in it I touched on dates a little. But now let's look at this issue in more detail and figure out how to calculate the number of days between two dates in a simple way or using the RAZDAT () function, and how to determine the number of working days.

Method 1: subtraction

Let's start with the simplest - we subtract the second from one date, and we get the value we need. Before that, make sure that the format of the cells in which the numbers are entered is selected "Date".

If you haven’t filled them in yet, then select the range you want to work with and click on the small arrow next to the name of the “Number” group.

In the window that opens on the left, select the format that suits us, and then in the main area decide on the type: 03/14/12, 14 Mar 12 or another. Press "OK".

In those cells for which you have just changed the format, enter data. I filled out A1 and B1. Now you need to select any cell ( D1 ) in which the general data format is set, otherwise the calculations will be incorrect. Put “=” in it and press first the latest (B1) date, then the early (A1). To calculate the number of days between them, press "Enter".

Method 2: using a function

To do this, select the cell in which the result will be (B3), and see that the general format is selected for it.

To calculate the days, we will use the RAZDAT() function. It includes three arguments: start and end date, unit. The unit is what we want to get the result in. Substituted here:

"d" - the number of days;
"m" - the number of full months;
"y" - the number of full years;
"md" - will count the days without taking into account months and years;
"yd" - counting days without taking into account only years;
"ym" - counts the months without taking into account the year.

We put an equal sign in B3, write RAZDAT and open the bracket. Then we select the early date (A1), then the late one (B1), put the appropriate unit in quotation marks and close the bracket. Between all arguments put ";" . To calculate, press "Enter".

I got this formula:

RAZNDAT(A1;B1;"d")

Choosing “d” as the unit, I got the result - 111.

If you change this value, for example, to "md", then the formula will calculate the difference between 5 and 24, excluding months and years.

By changing this argument in this way, it will be possible to derive the exact age of a person. In one cell there will be years "y", the second months "ym", the third days "md"

Method 3: counting working days

Let's take this table as an example. In column A we have the beginning of the month or the starting date of the count, in B we have the end of the month or the count. This function counts working days, excluding Saturdays and Sundays, but there are also holidays in months, so we will fill column C with the corresponding dates.

NETWORKDAYS(A5;B5;C5)

As arguments, we specify the start date (A5), then the end date (B5). The last argument is the holidays (C5). We separate them ";" .

By pressing "Enter" the result will appear, in the example cell D5 - 21 days.

Now consider if there are several holidays in a month. For example, in January New Year and Christmas. Select the cell ( D6 ) and put it equal. Then click on the letter "f" in the formula bar. A window will open "Insert Function". In the "Category" field, select "Full alphabetical list" and find the desired function in the list. Click OK.

Next, you need to select the arguments of the function. In "Start_date" select the initial value (A6), in "End_date" - the final (B6). In the last field, enter the dates of the holidays in brackets () and quotes "". Then press "OK".

As a result, we will get the following function and the value will be calculated excluding weekends and specified holidays:

NETWORKDAYS(A6,B6,("01/01/17", "01/07/17"))

In order not to register holidays manually, you can specify a certain range in the corresponding field. I have it C6:C7.

Working days will be counted, and the function will look like:

NETWORKDAYS(A6;B6;C6:C7)

Now let's do the calculation for the last month. Enter the function and fill in its arguments:

NETWORKDAYS(A8;B8;C8)

In February, it turned out 19 working days.

About other date and time functions in Excel, I wrote a separate article, and you can read it by clicking on the link.

The date calculator is designed to calculate the number of days between dates, as well as to find a date by adding or subtracting a certain number of days to a known date.

Add days to a date

In order to find out what date will be in a certain number of days, use this option. Enter the start date and the number of days to add to it. To subtract, use the minus value. The calculator also has an option to add business days only.

Calculating the number of days between dates

This calculation method will answer the question "how many days have passed since the date". Enter the start date and end date and click the "calculate" button. The calculator will show how many days between the entered dates. Separately, the calculator will show the number of working days.

With this option, you can calculate how many days are left until a certain event, such as a birthday or a holiday. To do this, enter today's date in the start date field, and the date of the event in the end date field.

Holidays

The calculator can calculate, add and subtract both calendar days and working days. Official non-working holidays are:

• January 1,2,3,4,5,6,8 - New Year holidays
• January 7 - Orthodox Christmas
• February 23 - Defender of the Fatherland Day
• March 8 - International Women's Day
• May 1 - Spring and Labor Day
• May 9 - Victory Day
• June 12 - Day of Russia
• November 4 - National Unity Day

If a public holiday falls on a Saturday or Sunday, it is moved to the next business day. But sometimes the weekend is moved to a completely different place on the calendar. For example, Saturdays and Sundays that fell on New Year's holidays may be moved to May to extend the May holidays.

So, in 2019 the situation is as follows...

Postponement of holidays in 2019

In addition to official holidays, in 2019, May 2, 3 and 10 are also days off due to the postponement of days off from the New Year holidays.

When calculating days, our calculator takes into account both official holidays and all transfers.

To perform certain tasks in Excel, you need to determine how many days have passed between certain dates. Fortunately, the program has tools that can solve this issue. Let's find out how you can calculate the date difference in Excel.

Before you start working with dates, you need to format the cells for this format. In most cases, when you enter a character set that looks like a date, the cell will reformat itself. But it is still better to do it manually to insure yourself against surprises.

Now all the data that will be contained in the selected cells will be recognized by the program as a date.

Method 1: simple calculation

The easiest way to calculate the difference of days between dates is with a simple formula.

Method 2: RAZDAT function

You can also use a special function to calculate the difference in dates RAZDAT. The problem is that it is not in the list of the Function Wizard, so you have to enter the formula manually. Its syntax looks like this:

RAZDAT(start_date, end_date, unit)

"Unit"- this is the format in which the result will be displayed in the selected cell. The symbol used in this parameter determines the units in which the total will be returned:

• "y" - full years;
• "m" - complete months;
• "d" - days;
• "YM" - difference in months;
• "MD" - the difference in days (months and years are not taken into account);
• "YD" - the difference in days (years are not taken into account).

You also need to note that, unlike the simple formula method described above, when using this function, the start date must be in the first place, and the end date should be in the second. Otherwise, the calculations will be incorrect.

Method 3: calculating the number of working days

Excel also has the ability to calculate the working days between two dates, that is, excluding weekends and holidays. For this, the function is used CHISTRABNI. Unlike the previous statement, it is listed in the Function Wizard. The syntax for this function is:

NETWORKDAYS(start_date, end_date, [holidays])

In this function, the main arguments are the same as those of the operator RAZDAT- start and end date. In addition, there is an optional argument "Holidays".

It should be replaced by the dates of public holidays, if any, for the period covered. The function calculates all days of the specified range, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and also those days that are added by the user to the argument "Holidays".

After the above manipulations, the number of working days for the specified period will be displayed in the pre-selected cell.

As you can see, the Excel program provides its users with a fairly convenient tool for calculating the number of days between two dates. At the same time, if you just need to calculate the difference in days, then the best option would be to use a simple subtraction formula, and not use the function RAZDAT. But if you need, for example, to calculate the number of working days, then the function will come to the rescue NETWORKDAYS. That is, as always, the user should decide on the execution tool after he has set a specific task.

Calculation of working days and holidays

The calculator is quite simple, but nevertheless, in my opinion, it is very convenient for calculating the number of working days between arbitrary dates.

The calculator uses data on the transfer of working days and holidays, which are contained in the annual resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation.

Of course, there are many such calculators and we are not original in this, but there are a few highlights that I think you will like, and can be used to create other calculators.

The first highlight: We can not take into account the holidays that are contained in the decrees of the Government of the Russian Federation, but take into account only weekends (for Russia, Saturday and Sunday)

The second highlight: For those countries that have other days of the week as days off (for example, in Israel, the days off are Friday and Saturday), you can specify which days of the week will be days off. This is convenient not only for other countries, but also for local use, when it is known that we work in shifts, every Thursday, Saturday and Tuesday.

The third highlight: We can use a completely arbitrary system of days off, set in a certain form (there is no display of this function on the site, although the functionality is working) and for everyone, it will not be difficult to build a production calendar for Belarus, Kazakhstan or Serbia.

A nice side effect of this calculator is also the calculation of the number of days between two dates. Moreover, she calculates the difference in the same way as it is done in the accounting department and the personnel department. That is, if a person works from July 1 to July 8, then it turns out 8 days. Since the last day is considered a working day.

Unlike mathematical and astronomical calculators, where with the same data, 7 days are obtained. This error in one day appears due to the fact that in personnel decisions the last day is always a working day and must be taken into account, and in exact and abstract calculators it is considered that July 8 comes at midnight (0:0:0) and the difference between midnight July 1 and midnight July 8 (or 23 hours 59 minutes 59 seconds 999 milliseconds, 999999 microseconds, etc. July 7) will be exactly 7 days.

The basic principle that the bot adheres to is the frequency of weekends during the week. If this is observed, the calculator will give you the result you expected.

It is unfortunate that the decrees of the Government of the Russian Federation still do not introduce a QR code, where all holidays for the current code would be indicated for machine processing. This would simplify the work of a certain circle of people.

Holidays and transfers on the territory of the Russian Federation are taken into account from 2010 to 2019 inclusive.

For users who need to calculate the first working date after a vacation or business trip or other period of time, pay attention to this calculator. Date of return to work from vacation, decree online

Syntax

For Jabber clients

slave_d date.start; end.date;week

a week - gives complete information on how to calculate working days and hours. The week consists of seven characters 0 or 1, where each character has its own role. 0 - the person works, 1 - the person does not work (day off). If the week is empty, then the code 0000011 is used - that is, Saturday and Sunday are days off.

I would like to note that this is a calendar week and this indicator shows how you rest during the week. The numbering of the week starts from zero and this day is Monday, then comes Tuesday -1, Wednesday -2, etc.

the date of the beginning - date in the form DD/MM/YYYY - indicates the beginning of the range for which the number of working days is calculated

end date - date in the form DD/MM/YYYY - indicates the end of the range for which the number of working days is calculated

ATTENTION! The date can also be entered with a dot or a slash. Through a dot it is more convenient to enter on cellular and tablets, and through a slash it is more convenient on a computer on the keyboard on the right (numerical panel)

Examples of using

rab_d 1/1/2014;31/12/2014

in response we will receive

Number of days between two specified dates 365

Number of working days 247

Number of weekends and holidays 118

rab_d 2/7/2010;25/10/2013

In response we get

Number of days between two specified dates 1212

Number of working days 827

Number of days off and holidays 385

rab_d 20/1/2010;10/2/2014;0101001

In response we get

Number of days between two given dates 1483

Number of working days 797

Number of days off and holidays 686

The previous example, just ignore public holidays. As a use case, shift duty, security, etc.