The above scene conveys a lively conversation. Denis Ivanovich Fonvizin Comedy "Undergrowth" (1782) The meaning of the title

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Fonvizin "Undergrowth"

Ms. Prostakova(Trishka). Get out, cattle. (Eremeevna.) Come on, Eremeevna, let the child have breakfast. After all, I have tea, soon the teachers will come.

Eremeevna. He already, mother, deigned to eat five buns.

Ms. Prostakova. So you're sorry for the sixth, you bastard? What zeal! Feel free to watch.

Eremeevna. Hello, mother. After all, I said this for Mitrofan Terentyevich. Protoskoval until morning.

Ms. Prostakova. Ah, mother of God! What happened to you, Mitrofanushka?

Mitrofan. Yes, mother. Yesterday, after dinner, I had a seizure.

Skotinin. Yes, it is clear, brother, you had a hearty supper.

Mitrofan. And I, uncle, hardly ate supper at all.

Prostakov. I remember, my friend, you deigned to eat something.

Mitrofan. What! Three slices of corned beef, yes hearth, I don’t remember, five, I don’t remember, six.

Eremeevna. At night every now and then he asked for a drink. The whole jug deigned to eat kvass.

Mitrofan. And now I'm walking like crazy. All night long such rubbish climbed into the eyes.

Ms. Prostakova. What kind of rubbish, Mitrofanushka?

Mitrofan. Yes, then you, mother, then father.

Ms. Prostakova. How is it?

Mitrofan. As soon as I begin to fall asleep, then I see that you, mother, deign to beat the father.

Prostakov(to the side). Well! my trouble! dream in hand!

Mitrofan(spreading out). So I felt sorry.

Ms. Prostakova(with annoyance). Who, Mitrofanushka?

Mitrofan. You, mother: you are so tired, beating the father.

Ms. Prostakova. Embrace me, my friend of the heart! Here, son, is one of my consolations.

Skotinin. Well, Mitrofanushka! You, I see, are a mother's son, not a father's.

Prostakov. At least I love him as a parent should, this is a clever child, this is a reasonable child, an amusing, entertainer; sometimes I am beside myself with him, with joy I myself truly do not believe that he is my son, Skotinin. Only now our amusing fellow is frowning at something.

Ms. Prostakova. Why not send for a doctor to the city?

Mitrofan. No, no, mother. I'd rather get better on my own. I’ll run to the dovecote now, so maybe either ...

Ms. Prostakova. So maybe the Lord is merciful. Come on, frolic, Mitrofanushka.

Mitrofan and Yeremeevna depart.

IN 1. Indicate the genre to which D.I. Fonvizin's play "Undergrowth" belongs.

IN 2. Name the literary trend that developed in the literature of the 18th century, the principles of which were embodied in the play by D.I. Fonvizin.

AT 3. The above scene conveys a lively conversation between the characters. What is the name of this form of communication between the heroes of a work of art?

AT 4. In the course of the play, the author's explanations and remarks are given (“to the side”, “relaxed”, “with annoyance”). What is the term for them?

AT 5. The speech of the characters is replete with words and expressions that violate the literary norm (“so rubbish”, “grip me”, etc.). Specify this type of speech.

AT 6. The names and surnames of the characters in this episode carry a certain semantic load. What are these names and surnames called?

AT 7. The above scene contains information about the characters, the place and time of the action, and describes the circumstances that took place before it began. Indicate the stage in the development of the plot, which is characterized by these features.

C1. What can be said about the system of education in the Prostakov family?

C2. In what works of Russian writers are the morals of the nobles satirically displayed and what brings them closer to the play of D.I. Fonvizin?

Test

Fonvizin "Undergrowth"

Pravdin. It was the package that the hostess here herself informed me about yesterday.

Starodum. So, do you now have a way to stop the inhumanity of the evil landowner?

Pravdin. I am instructed to take care of the house and villages at the first rabies, from which people subject to her might suffer.

Starodum. Thanks be to God that humanity can find protection! Believe me, my friend, where the sovereign thinks, where he knows where his true glory lies, there his rights cannot but return to mankind. There everyone will soon feel that everyone should seek their happiness and benefits in the one thing that is legal ... and that it is illegal to oppress their own kind by slavery.

Pravdin. I agree with you on this; Yes, how tricky it is to exterminate rooted prejudices in which base souls find their advantage!

Starodum. Listen, my friend! A great sovereign is a wise sovereign. His job is to show people their direct benefit. The glory of his wisdom is to rule over people, because there is no wisdom to manage idols. The peasant, who is the worst in the village, usually chooses to tend the herd, because it takes a little intelligence to tend the cattle. A sovereign worthy of the throne seeks to elevate the souls of his subjects. We see it with our own eyes.

Pravdin. The pleasure that sovereigns enjoy in possessing free souls must be so great that I do not understand what motives could distract ...

Starodum. BUT! How great a soul must be in a sovereign in order to take the path of truth and never deviate from it! How many nets have been set up to capture the soul of a person who has the fate of his own kind in his hands! And first, a crowd of stingy flatterers...

Pravdin. Without spiritual contempt it is impossible to imagine what a flatterer is.

Starodum. A flatterer is a creature who, not only about others, but also about himself, has no good opinion. All his desire is to first blind the mind of a person, and then make of it what he needs. He is a night thief who first extinguishes the candle, and then begins to steal.

Pravdin. Human misfortunes, of course, are caused by their own corruption; but ways to make people kind...

Starodum. They are in the hands of the sovereign. How soon everyone sees that without good manners no one can emerge as a people; that neither vile service nor for any money can buy that which rewards merit; that people are chosen for places, and not places are stolen by people - then everyone finds his own advantage in being well-behaved and everyone becomes good.

Pravdin. Fair. The Great Sovereign gives...

Starodum.

Pravdin. So that there is no shortage in worthy people, special efforts are now being made to educate ...

Starodum. It should be the key to the well-being of the state. We see all the unfortunate consequences of bad education. Well, what can come out of Mitrofanushka for the fatherland, for whom ignorant parents also pay money to ignorant teachers? How many noble fathers who entrust the moral upbringing of their son to their serf slave! Fifteen years later, instead of one slave, two come out, an old uncle and a young master.

Pravdin. But persons of a higher state enlighten their children...

Starodum. So, my friend; yes, I would like that, with all the spiders, the main goal of all human knowledge, good manners, is not forgotten. Believe me that science in a depraved person is a fierce weapon to do evil. Enlightenment elevates one virtuous soul. I would like, for example, that when educating the son of a noble gentleman, his mentor every day unfolded History for him and showed him two places in it: in one, how great people contributed to the good of their fatherland; in another, like an unworthy nobleman, having used his power of attorney and power for evil, from the height of his magnificent nobility he fell into the abyss of contempt and reproach.

IN 1. Within the framework of what literary direction was D.I. Fonvizin's play "Undergrowth" created?

IN 2. The ideas of what era are promoted in this fragment of D.I. Fonvizin's play "Undergrowth"?

AT 3. Indicate the name of the genre of dramaturgy to which D.I. Fonvizin's play "Undergrowth" belongs?

AT 4. What term denotes the form of speech of characters, which is an exchange of remarks:

"Starodum. Mercy and friendship to those whom it pleases; bridges and ranks to those who are worthy.

Pravdin. So that there is no shortage in worthy people, special efforts are now being made to educate ... ”?

AT 5. What is the name of the sayings that express in a concise form complete and generalized thoughts:: “A great sovereign is a wise sovereign”, “everyone should seek his happiness and benefits in the one thing that is legal ...”, “science in a depraved person is a fierce weapon to do evil” and etc.?

AT 6. Indicate the name of the heroine of D.I. Fonvizin's play "Undergrowth", in which in this fragment of the play she is called the evil landowner.

C1. Why does D.I. Fonvizin devote so much space in this fragment to discussions about the “great sovereign”?

C1. What is the main theme of this fragment and how does it relate to the general problems of the play.

C2. What Russian writers tried to create the image of an ideal ruler on the pages of their works?

Test

Fonvizin "Undergrowth"

Ms. Prostakova. Ah, father, what is this question? Am I not powerful in my people too? Pravdin. Do you think you have the right to fight whenever you want? Skotinin. Isn't a nobleman free to beat a servant whenever he wants? Pravdin. When he wants! What is hunting? You are direct Skotinin. (To Mrs. Prostakova.) No, madam, no one is free to tyrannize. Ms. Prostakova. Not free! A nobleman, when he wants to, and a servant is not free to flog: why are we given a decree on the freedom of the nobility? * * The "Decree on the Liberty of the Nobility", issued in 1762 by Peter III, provided the nobility with a number of advantages, including freeing the nobles from compulsory service to the state. Prostakova, on the other hand, understands the decree as permission for the nobles to do whatever they want. Starodum. A master at interpreting decrees! Ms. Prostakova. If you please, mock me, but now I'm upside down... (Tries to go.) Pravdin(stopping her). Stop, sir. (Taking out a paper and in an important voice to Prostakov.) In the name of the government, I order you to immediately gather your people and peasants to announce to them a decree that for the inhumanity of your wife, to which your extreme weak-mindedness allowed her, the government orders me to take custody of your house and village. Prostakov. BUT! What have we come to! Ms. Prostakova. How! New trouble! For what, father? That I am mistress in my house ... Pravdin. An inhuman lady, who cannot be tolerated in a well-established state. (To Prostakov.) Come on. Prostakov(walks away, clasping his hands). Who is this from, mother? Ms. Prostakova(yearning). Oh, grief has taken! Oh sad! Skotinin. Ba! bah! bah! Yes, they will get to me. Yes, and everyone Skotinin can fall under guardianship ... I'll get out of here in a good, healthy way. Ms. Prostakova. I lose everything. I'm completely dying! Skotinin(Starodum). I went to see you. Groom... Starodum(pointing to Milo). There he is. Skotinin. Aha! So there is nothing for me to do here. Harness the kibitka, and ... Pravdin. Yes, and go to your pigs. Do not forget, however, to tell all the Skotinins what they are subject to. Skotinin. How not to warn friends! I will tell them that they are people ... Pravdin. More love, or at least... Skotinin. Well... Pravdin. At least they didn't touch it. Skotinin(departing). At least they didn't touch it.

IN 1. What element in the development of the plot of the work is this fragment?

IN 2. Define the genre of the work of D.I. Fonvizin "Undergrowth"?

AT 3. What literary trend does the requirement realized in this play to observe the unity of time, place and action belong to?

AT 4. The fragment conveys the speech communication of the characters. What is this form of speech organization called in literary criticism?

AT 5. Stopping her; walks away, clasping his hands; pointing to Milo - Write the name of such author's remarks in the text of the dramatic work.

AT 6. Pravdin's remark "The mistress of interpreting decrees" is used in a speech as a complete conclusion, a brief judgment expressed in figurative form. What are such judgments called?

C1. The name Mitrofan in Greek means "like a mother." Does the hero live up to his name? Justify your point of view.

C2. What are the main themes of the play "Undergrowth" continued and developed in Russian literature of the 19th century? Specify the authors and the title of the works.

Test

Fonvizin "Undergrowth"

Ms. Prostakova. BUT! This, father, is Mitrofanushka's teachers, Sidorych Kuteikin...

Eremeevna. And Pafnutich Tsyfirkin.

Mitrofan(to the side). Shoot them and take them with Eremeevna.

Kuteikin. The master of the house is peace and many years from the children and household.

Tsyfirkin. We wish your honor a hundred years, yes twenty, and even fifteen. Uncountable years.

Milo. Ba! This is our soldier brother! Where did it come from, my friend?

Tsyfirkin. There was a garrison, your honor! And now he's gone clean.

Milo. What are you eating?

Tsyfirkin. Somehow, your honor! A little bit of passion fruit arithmetic, so I eat in the city near the clerks at the accounting department. The Lord has not revealed science to everyone: so whoever does not understand himself, then the accountant hires me, to believe, then to sum up the results. That's what I eat; I do not like to live idly. In my spare time, I teach children. Here, for the third year, their nobility and the guy have been fighting over broken lines, but something is not glued well; Well, it's true, man does not come to man.

Ms. Prostakova. What? What are you, Pafnutich, lying? I didn't listen.

Tsyfirkin. So. I reported to his nobility that in ten years you cannot hammer into another stump what another catches in flight.

Pravdin(to Kuteikin). And you, Mr. Kuteikin, aren't you one of the scientists?

Kuteikin. From scientists, your highness! Seminaries of the local diocese. I went to rhetoric, but God willing, I turned back. He submitted a petition to the consistory, in which he wrote: “Such and such a seminarian, from church children, fearing the abyss of wisdom, asks her to dismiss her.” To which a gracious resolution soon followed, with the note: “Suit such and such a seminarian from any teaching: it’s written for there is, don’t throw pearls before pigs, but they won’t trample him underfoot.”

Ms. Prostakova. But where is our Adam Adamych?

Eremeevna. I was pushed towards him, but by force I carried my legs away. Smoke pillar, my mother! Strangled, damned, tobacco. Such a sinner.

Kuteikin. Empty, Eremeevna! There is no sin in smoking tobacco.

Pravdin(to the side). Kuteikin is also smart!

Kuteikin. In many books it is allowed: in the psalter it is printed: "And cereal for the service of man."

Pravdin. Well, where else?

Kuteikin. And the same thing is printed in another psalter. Our archpriest has a small one in an octagon, and in the same one.

Pravdin(to Mrs. Prostakova). I don't want to interfere with your son's exercises; obedient servant.

D.I. Fonvizin "Undergrowth"

IN 1. What direction in literature is represented by "Undergrowth" by D.I. Fonvizin?

IN 2. Determine the genre of the work.

AT 3. Establish a correspondence between the three characters and their functional significance. For each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

AT 4. Establish a correspondence between the three characters related to the love story and their intention towards Sophia. For each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

AT 6. What are the names of the explanations that accompany the course of the play: Pravdin ( to Kuteikin), Pravdin ( to the side), Pravdin ( to Mrs. Prostakova)?

AT 7. In his speech, Kuteikin constantly uses "foreign text", for example, "Do not cast pearls before swine, let them not trample underfoot." What is the source of this inaccurate quote?

C1. What artistic scheme does D.I. Fonvizin use when creating images of Mitrofanushka's teachers?

C2. In the comedy "Undergrowth" a socially significant and aesthetically capacious image of a "low" teacher was created. What was the development of this image in the works of the 19th century.

Denis Ivanovich Fonvizin

Comedy "Undergrowth" (1782)
The meaning of the name

In the XVIII century. undergrowths were called noble children under the age of 15, i.e., the age appointed by Peter I for entry into the service. In Fonvizin, this word received a mocking, ironic meaning.

Mitrofan

Immaturity in the mental

relation: knows neither arithmetic nor geography,

can't distinguish

adjective from noun

Ignorance in moral

relation: does not know how to respect dignity

other people

Underage in civil

sense: not mature enough to understand his duty to

state: " Well, what for the fatherland can come out of

Mitrofanushki?..»

(Starodum)

Comedy character system

Negative heroes

Prostakov

Meaning of the name	From "simple, simpleton." In the XVIII century. The word "simple" meant "empty, unoccupied"
Character traits	- Despotic, unprincipled. When confronted with a stronger one, he begins to please and fawn. He robs and punishes the peasants, considering them inferior beings. Rude, grumpy, mercenary, cares only about their own benefit. He sees the meaning of his life in his son, blindly loves him
Upbringing and education Prostakova	- The lack of moral principles Prostakova inherited from her parents. She grew up in a family where there were eighteen children, of whom only two survived, the rest died due to an oversight of their parents. Prostakova's father, having served fifteen years as governor, remained illiterate, but managed to get rich, and died of starvation, lying on a chest with money.
The ambiguity of the image	- In the finale of Prostakov's comedy, when her beloved son refuses her, it causes pity among the heroes and the audience. The character and attitudes of Prostakova are not her fault, but the result of a bad upbringing
Functions in plot development	- Before the start of the comedy: taking advantage of Sophia's orphanhood, he takes possession of her estate. A comedy takes place in Prostakova's house. Prostakova decides to extradite Sofya without her consent, first to her brother Skotinin, then to her son Mitrofan. He is trying to organize the abduction of Sophia, to marry her to Mitrofan
Prostakov	- “I love that strangers listen to me.” - “From morning to evening, as if hanged by the tongue, I don’t rest my hands: either I scold, or I fight; That's how the house holds up." - “Since we took away everything that the peasants had, we can’t tear anything off.” - “A nobleman, when he wants, and a servant is not free to flog! But why was the decree given to us about the freedom of the nobility? - “One of my concerns, one of my joys is Mitrofanushka. My age is passing. I'm preparing it for people." Prostakova about her father: “Sometimes, deigns to scream: I’ll curse a child who learns something from the infidels, and if it wasn’t for Skotinin, who wants to learn something”
Pravdin about Prostakova	- “I found the landowner an innumerable fool, and his wife a wicked fury, to whom the infernal temper makes the misfortune of their whole house.” - “Do you want to be rude to your mother? Her crazy love for you and brought her most to misfortune.(Mitrofan)
Sofia about Prostakova	“Hearing that my uncle was making me an heiress, suddenly from rude and quarrelsome she became affectionate to the very base”

Skotinin

Meaning of the name	Formed from "cattle", "cattle". On the one hand, it reflects the hero's love for household animals (pigs), on the other side, characterizes him as a rude, vile person
Character traits	- Rude, ignorant, despotic ( “Isn’t a nobleman free to beat servant whenever he wants? "Any loss than to follow him, I’ll tear off my own peasants, and ends in the water ”). Narcissistic ( “I will say without boasting what I am, really, there are few of them”). Mentally undeveloped. Main passion - love for pigs ( "I love pigs, sister")
Upbringing	- He was brought up in the same environment as Prostakova. Boasts about his ignorance
Functions in plot development	- First, he wants to marry Sophia in order to get her estate, famous for pigs, and “to get his own piglets”; then - in order to redeem "all the pigs from the world" for Sophia's inheritance. At the end of the comedy, he is instructed to notify "all the Skotinins" (i.e., all the landowners, of whom Skotinin is a typical representative) that they will be punished for their rude attitude towards the courtyards

Mitrofan

Meaning of the name	Translated from Greek, “being a mother”, “given by a mother”. The name of the hero emphasizes that his mother had the most destructive influence on him. Mitrofan became what he is as a result of improper upbringing
Character traits	- Spoiled, capricious, selfish. He is not able to love: he fawns over his mother while he feels her strength, but when Prostakova is deprived of power in the house, she repels her. Selfish, cunning - threatens suicide, pretends to be sick. Lazy, loves to eat, is disgusted by any work - spends all the time on the dovecote. In dealing with people, he is rude, impudent, as he feels the protection of his mother. Cowardly (hides behind Yeremeevna when Skotinin attacks him)
Upbringing and education	- A complete ignoramus, despite the fact that teachers deal with him. " Tsyfirkin. God gave me a student, a boyar son. I've been fighting with him for the third year: count three can not. - Kuteikin. So we have one twist. I've been torturing my stomach for four years. Sit down for an hour, except for backs, he won’t make out a new line; yes, and the backsides mumbles, God forgive me, without a warehouse in warehouses, to no avail in rumors». Mitrofan's phrase "I don't want to study, I want to get married" became winged
Functions in plot development	- Caring for Mitrofan caused Prostakova's desire to marry Sophia to him. Does not take a direct part in the development of the action of comedy, but is the cause of many conflicts

Prostakov

Goodies

Starodum

Meaning of the name	Means "thinking in the old way", indicates that his ideals belong to the previous, Peter's, era
Character traits	- Honest, noble. Pravdin says about Starodum: “From his birth, his tongue did not speak "yes" when his soul felt "no". Inertia, inhumanity arouse in him indignation and contempt ( "Nothing is so tormented my heart like innocence in nets deceit. I've never been like this pleased with himself, as if it happened to vomit booty from the hands of vice"). Everything is achieved by honest work ( “I retired for several years to the land where they get money, without exchanging it for conscience, without vile length of service, without robbing the fatherland”). He evaluates people by the benefits they bring to the fatherland, and not by rank and position in society.
Criticism of the court and the monarch	- “On the big straight road, almost no one drives, and everyone goes around by a detour, hoping to get there as soon as possible.” - “One knocks down the other, and the one who is on his feet never lifts the one who is on the ground.” - “I left the court without villages, without a ribbon, without ranks, but I brought mine home intact, my soul, my honor, my rules.” - “A great sovereign is a wise sovereign. His job is to show people their direct benefit ... A sovereign worthy of the throne seeks to elevate the souls of his subjects. The very commitment of Starodum to Peter's "old times" was a kind of rejection of Catherine's "novelty"
Starodum's instructions to Sophia	- “Everyone will find enough strength in himself to be virtuous. You have to want it resolutely, and there it will be easier not to do what your conscience would bite for. - “I will calculate the degrees of nobility according to the number of deeds that the great master did for the fatherland, and not according to the number of deeds that I took upon myself out of arrogance; not by the number of people who stagger in his front, but by the number of people who are satisfied with his behavior and deeds. - “According to my calculation, not the rich one who counts out money to hide it in a chest, but the one who counts out the excess in himself in order to help someone who does not have what he needs.” - “With fugitive minds, we see bad husbands, bad fathers, bad citizens. Good manners gives him a direct price. Without it, a smart person is a monster.” - “The dignity of the heart is inseparable. An honest man must be a perfectly honest man."
Upbringing and education	- “The upbringing given to me by my father was the best in that age. At that time, there were few ways to learn, and they still did not know how to fill an empty head with someone else's mind. - “My father constantly told me the same thing: have a heart, have a soul, and you will be a man at all times”
Functions in plot development	- With the arrival of Starodum, the main events of the comedy begin: the courtship of Skotinin and Mitrofan, the refusal to marry Sophia, the organization of Prostakova's abduction of Sophia. The legacy left by him to Sophia makes her independent, causes ingratiation from negative characters The desire to marry Sophia to some young man with the mutual love of Sophia and Milon and at the same time readiness to obey her uncle in everything forms an intrigue, until it becomes clear that the young man, whom Starodum reads as a husband to his niece, and Milon are one person. The thoughts and views of Fonvizin himself are expressed through the mouth of Starodum; this is a hero who expresses the ideological content of comedy

Pravdin

Meaning of the name	Formed from "truth", it is the truth, that is, justice, that this hero serves. Attention is focused on the name of the hero, which gives it special significance: "Skotinin. And what about last name? I didn't hear. Pravdin. I am called Pravdin so that you overheard"
Activities Pravdin	- Serves as an official in the governorship - an institution created in 1775 by Catherine II in each province to monitor the implementation of government decrees on the ground. Pravdin considers his main task not only by virtue of his position, but also “from his own feat of heart” to be the suppression of the self-will of the landlords, who, "having over people with their full power, use her evil is inhuman"
Functions in plot development	In the finale of the comedy, Pravdin, on behalf of the government, takes custody of Prostakova's estate, depriving her of the right to arbitrarily dispose of the peasants

Milon

Characteristic

- An exemplary officer, brave and selfless.

Sincerely loves Sophia, does not seek benefits from marrying her.

- “And what is the difference between the fearlessness of a soldier who dares his life along with others at the attack, and between the fearlessness of a statesman who tells the truth to the sovereign, daring to anger him. The judge, who, fearing neither vengeance nor the threats of the strong, gave justice to the helpless, is in my eyes a hero.

Functions in plot development

- Claims to the hand of Sophia, being the antipode of unworthy applicants - Skotinin and Mitrofan.

Becomes Sophia's fiancé, thereby causing Prostakova's indignation.

Saves Sophia from being kidnapped

Sofia

Meaning of the name

Translated from Greek means "wisdom" (the highest value of the Enlightenment)

Characteristic

- Modest, prudent, virtuous.

It is the embodiment of "virtue in the hands of vice."

Thirsts for knowledge, seeks moral guidance

(“Your instructions, uncle, will make up all my well-being. Give me rules that I must follow. Lead my heart. It is ready to obey you.").

Respects elders

Functions in plot development

- Prostakova's attitude towards Sophia reveals the greed and tyranny of the landowner.

The courtship of Sofya Skotinin, Mitrofan and Milon forms the main storyline of the comedy.

At the end of the comedy, an attempt to kidnap Sophia leads to the collapse of Prostakova's power, whose estate Pravdin takes under guardianship

educators

Eremeevna	- "Mom", that is, Mitrofan's nurse. Tied to the house and owners, protects and protects Mitrofan. For forty years of service received " five rubles a year, and five slaps a day». Slave nature, no self-respect
Pafnutich Tsyfirkin	- Mathematics teacher, ex-soldier. He does not like to "live idle", he is used to work, but he does not take up his own business. Refuses money for Mitrofan's education, as the student has not learned anything: “I served the sovereign for more than twenty years. I took money for the service, I didn’t take it in an empty way and I won’t take it. ” This earns respect from goodies, and they reward him beyond expectation.
Sidorich Kuteikin	- Teacher of Russian and Church Slavonic languages. Not finishing his studies at the seminary, he asked to be released from training, fearing the "abyss of wisdom", to which he received the answer: "Such and such a seminarian should be fired from any teaching: it is written for there is, do not cast pearls before pigs, but they will not trample him underfoot." Heather, greedy, for which he is punished in the final
Vralman	- History teacher, German. It turns out to be a former coachman who, unable to find a place for himself, moved into a teacher. The fact that Vralman became a teacher, respected by the owners of the house, speaks of the ignorance of the Prostakovs, of their stupid following the fashion for foreign teachers

Features of the creative method in comedy

Features of classicism

- the principle of the highest evaluation of a person: serving the state, fulfilling his civic duty;

Characteristic for Russian classicism is the opposition of two epochs: Peter's and the one to which the author belongs;

The rule of "three unities" is observed: time, place, action (the action takes place during the day in the estate of Prostakova);

The plot is built on a traditional classic basis - the rivalry between worthy and unworthy contenders for the heroine's hand;

A strict system of images, the division of characters into positive and negative;

Speaking names and surnames;

Static heroes (their characters do not change)

Genre originality

The comic becomes gloomy and tragic, farcical fights are no longer perceived as traditional funny interludes

Fonvizin was the creator of public comedy in Russia. Through the educational opposition of the world of evil to the world of reason, the content of a household satirical comedy

received a philosophical interpretation

The function of the reasoner of classical dramaturgy has changed. Starodum Fonvizin acts as a political speaker, and his speeches are a form of presenting a political program

For the first time in Russian dramaturgy, the love affair of a comedy was completely relegated to the background and acquired an auxiliary value.

Ms. Prostakova(Trishka). Get out, cattle. (Eremeevna.) Come on, Eremeevna, let the child have breakfast. After all, I have tea, soon the teachers will come.

Eremeevna. He already, mother, deigned to eat five buns.

Ms. Prostakova. So you're sorry for the sixth, you bastard? What zeal! Feel free to watch.

Eremeevna. Hello, mother. After all, I said this for Mitrofan Terentyevich. Protoskoval until morning.

Ms. Prostakova. Ah, mother of God! What happened to you, Mitrofanushka?

Mitrofan. Yes, mother. Yesterday, after dinner, I had a seizure.

Skotinin. Yes, it is clear, brother, you had a hearty supper.

Mitrofan. And I, uncle, hardly ate supper at all.

Prostakov. I remember, my friend, you deigned to eat something.

Mitrofan. What! Three slices of corned beef, yes hearth, I don’t remember, five, I don’t remember, six.

Eremeevna. At night every now and then he asked for a drink. The whole jug deigned to eat kvass.

Mitrofan. And now I'm walking like crazy. All night long such rubbish climbed into the eyes.

Ms. Prostakova. What kind of rubbish, Mitrofanushka?

Mitrofan. Yes, then you, mother, then father.

Ms. Prostakova. How is it?

Mitrofan. As soon as I begin to fall asleep, then I see that you, mother, deign to beat the father.

Prostakov(to the side). Well! my trouble! dream in hand!

Mitrofan(spreading out). So I felt sorry.

Ms. Prostakova(with annoyance). Who, Mitrofanushka?

Mitrofan. You, mother: you are so tired, beating the father.

Ms. Prostakova. Embrace me, my friend of the heart! Here, son, is one of my consolations.

Skotinin. Well, Mitrofanushka! You, I see, are a mother's son, not a father's.

Ms. Prostakova. Why not send for a doctor to the city?

Mitrofan. No, no, mother. I'd rather get better on my own. I’ll run to the dovecote now, so maybe either ...

Ms. Prostakova. So maybe the Lord is merciful. Come on, frolic, Mitrofanushka.
Mitrofan and Yeremeevna depart.