A certificate from the educational institution with the obligatory indication of the faculty is presented. "Girl with peaches" - a description of the painting



Valentin Serov. Girl with peaches.
1887. Oil on canvas. 91×85 cm
State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow, Russia. Wikimedia Commons

Clickable - 1300px × 1473px

Sometimes it's better not to know the life history of the prototype characters of famous works. The girl with peaches in reality lived only 32 years (she died of pneumonia), her husband did not marry again, and three children remained. The future in the eyes of the heroine of the painting by Valentin Serov is not readable. It doesn't even show that she is the daughter of a wealthy industrialist.

1 girl. The mischievous character of Vera Mamontova is read both in her sly look and in the fold of her lips - and look she will laugh. Disheveled hair, a blush all over her face, a flaming earlobe indicate that she has just been running around the yard. And in a minute he will jump up and run further. Nevertheless, this was her first experience of prolonged posing. Art critic Eleanor Paston says: “It is believed that Vrubel gave her external features to “Snow Maiden”, “Egyptian”, Tamara in the illustrations for “Demon”. Vera Savvishna was eventually nicknamed the "Abramtsevo goddess". Her portraits were also painted by Vasnetsov (“Girl with a Maple Branch”, “Boyaryshnya”).

2 blouses. Vera is wearing casual clothes, albeit decorated with a bright bow. The loose blouse feels somewhat baggy and too childish for an 11-year-old girl. The fact that she does not change clothes specifically for posing emphasizes the spontaneity of the situation and the simplicity of the relationship. The pink blouse becomes the brightest and most festive accent of the picture, and it seems that the light comes not only from the window, but also from the heroine.

3 room. The scene is the dining room of the Mamontovs in the Abramtsevo estate, one of the enfilade rooms.

4 table. There were always a lot of people gathered at the large extendable table - family members and friends. Eleanor Paston says that Serov often worked here.

5 peaches grown in the Mammoth greenhouse. The family bought trees for her in the estates of Artemovo and Zhilkino in 1871. The peaches were grown by the Artyomovsky gardener, whom the Mamontovs invited to their place after he sold them the trees.

6 maple leaves. Serov finished work on the portrait in September. The yellowing foliage outside the window and on the table is evidence of the girl's long patience. In addition, autumn maple leaves next to summer peaches seem to remind you that life is fleeting, and you should rejoice while you are young and the sun is shining.

7 grenadier. The toy wooden soldier in the left corner is a product of Sergiev Posad handicraftsmen. According to Elena Mitrofanova, Deputy Director for Science at the Abramtsevo Museum-Reserve, the Mamontovs bought the toy at the Trinity-Sergius Lavra in 1884. The figurine was unpainted, Serov painted it. In the Abramtsevo Museum there is even a sketch of the painting made by the artist. The grenadier is still on the bedside table in the same corner.

8 red living room. The next room, part of which is visible on the left, is the so-called Red Drawing Room, where writers and artists, friends of the Mamontovs, gathered. There they read the works of Pushkin, Gogol, Turgenev by roles, played music, discussed.

9 chairs. Solid mahogany chairs went to the Mamontovs from the Aksakovs along with the tradition of artistic gatherings. Those two that stand by the window - with backs in the form of a lyre - were very fashionable at the beginning of the 19th century, and at the end of it they had already turned into antiques. A jacob chair is visible in the Red Drawing Room. Similar furniture of strict straight outlines, with gilded brass inserts, appeared in Russia under Catherine II. In Abramtsevo, both the lyre chairs and the jacob, which still stands in the Red Drawing Room, have been preserved.

10 dining room windows, as well as the terrace adjacent to the Red Living Room, overlooks the Abramtsevsky Park, on the alley named Gogolevskaya in honor of the writer who loved to walk here. It can be seen that the window frames are far from new, the paint on them has peeled off in some places. This adds to the picture of naturalness and a sense of that comfort that can only be experienced in "native walls".

11 plate. Savva Mamontov was fond of applied art. In 1889, he even opened a pottery workshop at the estate, in which ceramics were created using the majolica technique. In particular, Vrubel was engaged in this. The fate of the plate depicted by Serov two years before the opening of the workshop is unknown, but it is so harmoniously inscribed in the interior that later another majolica plate appeared on the same wall, already from the Mamontovs' workshop. It still hangs in the dining room at this place.

On an August day in 1887, 11-year-old Vera Mamontova, distracted from street games, ran into the house and sat down at the table, grabbing a peach. Her cheerful appearance impressed Valentin Serov so much that he invited the girl to pose. The artist knew the model from infancy. He often visited and even lived for a long time at the Abramtsevo estate of the Mamontovs, which they bought from the daughter of the writer Sergei Aksakov in 1870. Even under the Aksakovs, the estate was the center of Russian cultural life. Under the Mammoth tradition continued. Turgenev, Repin, Vrubel, Antokolsky stayed here... Abramtsevo was both a “house of creativity” and a place where friends gathered in an atmosphere of home comfort.

For the first time Serov was brought to Abramtsevo by his mother-composer in 1875. He grew up with the older children of the Mamontovs, constantly enduring their pranks. The younger Vera also made fun of the young Serov. Everything changed in 1887 when the 22-year-old artist returned from Italy inspired by sunny landscapes and Renaissance masterpieces. Then Serov, according to his memoirs, had a dope in his head and a desire "to write only gratifying." Until recently, the artist was an unwitting participant in Vera's games, and now she, who until now no one could force to sit still, posed for him for hours every day for almost two months. On the part of the girl, it was a tribute to a kindred close relationship. And the painting was "a kind of Serov's gratitude to the warmth and comfort of the Mamontovs' house, which became a second family for the artist," says Eleonora Paston, doctor of art history, senior researcher at the Tretyakov Gallery.

“There are creations of the human spirit, the intentions of their creators that outgrow many times over ... These ... must include that amazing Serov's portrait. From the etude “girl in pink”... it has grown into one of the most remarkable works of Russian painting,” wrote the artist Igor Grabar about the painting.

Valentin Serov presented the painting to Vera's mother, Elizaveta Mamontova, and for a long time the portrait was in Abramtsevo, in the same room where it was painted. Now a copy hangs there, and the original is exhibited in the Tretyakov Gallery.

Model

Depicted in the picture, Vera Savvishna Mamontova (October 20, 1875 - December 27, 1907) is the daughter of Savva Ivanovich Mamontov and his wife Elizaveta Grigoryevna.

In 1896 (when Vera was 21 years old), Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov painted another portrait of her - “Girl with a Maple Branch”. In addition, Serov painted several more portraits of Praskovya Mamontova, Vera Mamontova's cousin.

Vasnetsov V. M. Girl with a maple branch (Portrait of Vera Savvishna Mamontova)
1896 Wikimedia Commons

In November 1903, in Moscow, she married A. D. Samarin. After their honeymoon trip to Italy, the young people settled in their house in the city of Bogorodsk. Three children were born in the marriage:

* son Yuri (1904-1965) - a philologist, was suspected of collaborating with the OGPU during the repressions. This fact is largely confirmed in Alexei Artsybushev's autobiographical book "Mercy of the Door";

* daughter Elizabeth, married Chernysheva (1905-1985) - author of memoirs;

* son Sergei (1907-1913).

Five years after the wedding, at the end of December 1907, at the age of 32, she fell ill with pneumonia and died three days later. She was buried in Abramtsevo near the Church of the Savior Not Made by Hands.

Painter
Valentin Alexandrovich Serov

Self-portrait. 1901
Wikimedia Commons

1865 - Born in St. Petersburg.
1874 - Began taking painting lessons from Repin in Paris.
1880 - Entered the Academy of Arts.
1887 - Traveled to Vienna and Italy. Wrote "Girl with Peaches".
1894 - Became a member of the Association of the Wanderers.
1900 - Joined the association "World of Art".
1903 - Elected a full member of the Academy of Arts.
1905 - He left the Academy in protest against the execution of the demonstration on January 9, accusing the President of the Academy (and at the same time the commander of the troops of the St. Petersburg Military District) of organizing it.
1908 - Elected a full member of the Vienna Secession.
1911 - Died in Moscow of a heart attack.

And they are familiar with at least a few of their canvases. But when it comes to impressionism with Russian roots, it turns out that most of our contemporaries have a very vague idea of ​​what shoots these roots gave rise to. Here with realism - everything is in order here! Russian artists truthfully showed... angrily denounced... called upon with their paintings... and so on. Undoubtedly, they showed, and denounced, and called, but they also felt and conveyed sensations in their works. The work of many Russian painters is directly related to impressionism, and their works are recognized by world art criticism as bright and worthy examples of this trend.

One of the very first paintings created in this direction in Russia was a portrait of Vera Mamontova, which is known as "Girl with Peaches".

Valentin Alexandrovich Serov entered the annals of Russian painting as a wonderful landscape painter, a master of paintings on historical and everyday topics.

But a special line in the list of the artist's paintings is his numerous portraits.

Famous statesmen and figures of literature and art, secular ladies and very young girls, charming children and images of people wise in life experience - you can create a whole art gallery from their faces framed by frames.

But if we imagine that a huge number of these portraits were not created, but only one was painted, then even then the name of the artist would not be “lost”, because it is simply impossible not to pay attention to such a face.

"Girl with Peaches", which is called one of the most famous paintings in Russian painting, Valentin Serov wrote when he was only 22 years old. It was the summer of 1887, the artist had recently returned from a trip to Italy, bright impressions of a sunny country, amazing architecture and brilliant Italian art overwhelmed him. He wrote:

“In this century, everything that is difficult is written, but I want, I want what is gratifying and I will write only what is gratifying”

The estate of the famous Russian philanthropist Savva Mamontov, Abramtsevo, has always been such a “pleasant” place for the artist. In this family, Serov was known and loved from adolescence, his friends came to paint the most beautiful surrounding landscapes, and the very atmosphere of the hospitable manor estate was conducive to creativity.

For the next picture, the artist chose a very young model - the daughter of the owner of the house, Vera Mamontova. The twelve-year-old girl was not a beauty, but her face with bright lips, dark "currant" eyes and a gentle blush just begged for the canvas. In working on it, the artist used the techniques typical of impressionism: plein air painting, a subtle color palette, light pouring from the windows, which creates a luminous halo around the figure sitting at the table.



But in this work there are not only tricks - they would not be worth much without the most important thing - Valentin Serov managed to convey a momentary feeling of happiness, youth, the joy of being. Looking at the picture, one gets the impression that this is a “frame” taken at random from life, seen by the artist’s attentive and benevolent eyes: that the maple leaf fluttered on a branch quite recently, that the peach with a ruddy side will soon be eaten, and the tablecloth was wrapped on the table, because that there are small children in the house who can pull her to the floor. The “live” brush of the master captured just one moment of a wonderful summer day and the serene life of a teenage girl. The art historian Mark Kopshitzer very accurately said about this feeling:

“... life goes on outside the picture and is the beginning of a big world that has not fallen on the canvas, where there are chairs, and tables, and other peaches, and other girls”

The picture was highly appreciated by critics, who were unanimous in their opinion that it was painted in the traditions of impressionism, and a master of European scale appeared in Russian painting. The artist presented this canvas to Vera's mother, and for a long time it hung in the very room where the picture was painted. It is currently exhibited at the Tretyakov Gallery.

Vera Mamontova subsequently had to pose for great painters more than once. So, two of her portraits were painted by the Russian artist Viktor Vasnetsov.

Unfortunately, this wonderful woman passed away early, at the age of 33. Her husband, the leader of the Moscow provincial nobility, and then the chief prosecutor of the Holy Synod, Alexander Dmitrievich Samarin, suffered a hard loss. He remained faithful to Vera until the end of his life, and in memory of her in the village of Averkiyevo he built a temple of the Life-Giving Trinity in the style of the 17th century.



Many members of the famous Abramtsevo circle took part in its design, for example, tiles were made according to sketches. Currently, it is one of the many functioning churches in the Moscow region.

In a spacious, sunny room, a girl sits at a large dining table, holding a golden peach in her hands. Her rebellious dark hair is disheveled, her brown eyes look calm, but a sly light lurks in them. Before us is a painting by the talented painter V.A. Serov “Girl with Peaches”. This is a portrait of twelve-year-old Verusha Mamontova, daughter of a Moscow merchant and philanthropist. Seeing a lively and restless girl at the moment when she ran out of the garden with a peach in her hand, the artist invited her to pose. Although at first glance, it seems that the picture was created in a fit of inspiration, the work took more than three months. It was this work that brought Serov fame.

From the canvas, a dark-skinned girl with burning eyes, dark as coals, stares intently. There is something sparkling and mischievous in this look, as if she had planned some kind of prank. Her lips are tightly compressed, she tries to look serious, but joyful laughter breaks out. From slightly flared nostrils, tousled hair and a slight blush on her cheeks, it becomes clear that the girl was frolicking in the garden just a couple of minutes ago. The girl's pose expresses barely restrained impatience, as if she had just sat down at the table for a minute, and is about to break like a butterfly and run away to play. She is full of life and energy, so she cannot sit still for a long time. The artist managed to accurately capture the moment and capture it on canvas. The picture is saturated with an atmosphere of lightness and carelessness, which occur only in childhood.

With special attention, the artist wrote down the details, depicting the life of the noble estates of that time. A tablecloth, neatly laid with the edges up, so that they do not hang down, indicates that there is a small child in the family. Ripe large peaches, an elegant knife and a pair of maple leaves are laid out on the lapel. One can imagine that Verusha got it all in order to treat everyone present. Hospitality and cordiality were considered good manners. The atmosphere in the room is cozy, so there is no doubt that a happy, cloudless childhood flows here.

The gentle blush that appears on the cheeks is in harmony with the color of the peaches lying on the table. Slender fingers grasped the velvety-skinned fruit. They are written so realistically that there is a desire to eat them. Elements of still life and landscape expand the standard notion of a portrait. The artist uses contrasting colors against the background of a general pastel range. The heroine with dark curly hair is dressed in a pink blouse with a large black bow decorated with a scarlet carnation, dark wood chairs are placed around.

Soft sunlight pouring from the windows fills the entire space with multi-colored highlights. It shines iridescently on the walls, furniture, on the snow-white tablecloth covering the dining table, and on the silver knife. Reflections also glide over the tanned face of the main character, shimmer with mother-of-pearl on her blouse, flood her entire figure. The whole picture seems to be permeated with clean air, lightness and light. Outside the window are the last days of summer or autumn is just beginning, as there are a lot of green foliage on the trees.

The painting “Girl with Peaches”, painted over a century ago, captivates with its unique warmth and light. The artist managed to show all the beauty and serenity of a wonderful time - youth. One has only to look at the portrait, and a feeling of joy and peace arises in the soul.

Recently, memes based on images of classical painting have become increasingly popular. Knowledge of Internet folklore was demonstrated even by the President of Russia during a visit to the Tretyakov Gallery exhibition of paintings artist Valentin Serov. AiF.ru recalls the history of the creation of genuine works, which today are increasingly flickering in an unusual form.

Valentin Serov "Girl with Peaches"

One of the most famous female portraits in Russian painting appeared due to a happy coincidence. Valentin Serov visited the estate Savva Mamontov, when his daughter, 12 years old, got excited by the street game Vera Mamontova and picked up a peach. The young artist invited the girl to pose, and after almost two months, "Girl with Peaches" appeared, embodying the author's idea. Nine years later, Serov painted another portrait of Vera Mamontova, calling it "Girl with a Maple Branch." The traits of Vera appeared more than once in his works, but the fate of the “girl with peaches” itself was extremely tragic: at the age of 32, she fell ill with pneumonia and died.

His most famous painting is "Girl with Peaches" by artist Valentin Serov. copied by artists around the world pic.twitter.com/nqiRTVVuxN

Edvard Munch "Scream"

The most famous painting by the Norwegian Expressionist painter Edvard Munch The Scream was made in four versions, created between 1893 and 1910. All canvases of this series are shrouded in mystical stories, and the artist's intention has not yet been fully unraveled. There is a version that one of the main symbols of expressionism is actually the fruit of a manic-depressive psychosis from which the artist suffered. The original title of the painting sounded like “Cry of Nature”, and the artist himself wrote about his work: “I was walking along the road with friends. The sun was setting. The sky turned blood red. I was seized with sadness. I stood mortally tired against the background of dark blue. The fjord and the city hung in fiery flames. I got separated from my friends. Trembling with fear, I heard the cry of nature.

The Scream, Edvard Munch, 1893

Victor Vasnetsov "Bogatyrs"

Today, Vasnetsov’s painting “Heroes” is considered a real folk masterpiece and a symbol of Russian art, but not everyone knows that before the painting by the Russian artist, the images of the three heroes were never united in the minds of people - in folklore, the heroes of epics rarely intersected. Vasnetsov decided to embody the main features of the Russian character on canvas - Ilya Muromets personifies devotion to traditions, Dobrynya Nikitich - the readiness to defend the motherland with a sword, Alyosha Popovich - love of beauty. The artist could not complete the painting for a long time: he began to paint it in the early 1870s, and finished it only on April 23, 1898. It is possible that he would not have completed even then, if not for Pavel Tretyakov, who stopped Vasnetsov, saying that he was already ready to purchase the painting.

Leonardo da Vinci "Mona Lisa"

Leonardo da Vinci(full name of the canvas “Portrait of Mrs. Lisa del Giocondo”) is one of the most famous paintings in the world. According to the biographers of the French artist, Madonna Lisa was the wife of a Florentine silk merchant named Francesco del Giocondo. The artist spent 4 whole years of his life on the portrait of a girl with a mysterious smile, but left it unfinished. It is known that Leonardo did not shy away from working on the Mona Lisa (as was the case with many other orders), but, on the contrary, gave himself to her with some kind of passion. And even leaving Italy in adulthood, he took the canvas with him to France, among several selected paintings.

Mona Lisa. Leonardo da Vinci

Grant Wood "American Gothic"

American artist painting Grant Wood"American Gothic" is one of the most recognizable (and parodied) images in American art of the 20th century. The famous sketch was a figment of the artist’s imagination: in 1930, in the city of Eldon, Iowa, Wood noticed a small white carpenter’s gothic house and wanted to capture people next to it who, in his opinion, could live there. Wood entered "American Gothic" in a competition at the Art Institute of Chicago. Interestingly, the judges mistook it for a humorous valentine, and the people of Iowa were terribly offended by the artist for portraying them in such an unpleasant light.

Grant Wood "American Gothic"

Ilya Repin "Barge haulers on the Volga"

Repin came up with the idea for the painting “Barge Haulers on the Volga” when, as a student, he saw barge haulers on Ust-Izhora, exhausted by work and pulling a heavy barge. The artist settled for the whole summer in one of the villages on the banks of the Volga, where he met eleven barge haulers. Repin was not only present at their work, he talked with everyone for a long time, trying to find out the history of life. I saw the sketches created during my stay on the Volga Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich, he immediately singled out this work among others and ordered the canvas for himself. Later, the prince hung the picture in his own billiard room and told each guest with great pleasure about all the intricacies of the canvas, including the fate of the heroes.

Barge haulers on the Volga, Ilya Repin.

Salvador Dali "The Persistence of Memory"

The Persistence of Memory is one of the most famous paintings Salvador Dali, it is a kind of symbol of transience and relativity of temporary space. Paradoxically, the idea of ​​painting a canvas about time came to the famous Spanish artist when he was thinking about processed cheese. Most often, Dali left notes about his work in his diaries, but not a word was found about the meaning and meaning of "The Persistence of Memory". This is probably why there are several theories of what exactly the author wanted to say with this picture. Nevertheless, his wife Gala quite correctly predicted that no one, once seeing The Persistence of Memory, would ever forget it.

Salvador Dali "The Persistence of Memory"

The picture of the classic of world painting Valentin Serov “Girl with Peaches” seems to be known to everyone, even people who are not interested in art. The artist wrote his most famous masterpiece when he was only 22 years old. Valentin Serov has said more than once that "Girl with Peaches" is his best picture. We have compiled a collection of facts about The Girl with Peaches.

10 Interesting Facts About The Peaches Girl

1. In the painting, Valentin Serov portrayed 11-year-old Vera Mamontova, the daughter of a Russian businessman and philanthropist Savva Mamontov. In the estate of their family in Abramtsevo, the artist often visited. He first met the Mamontovs when he was still a child. Tosha, as Serov was called in childhood, was brought by her mother (composer Valentina Semyonovna Serova) to Abramtsevo at the age of 10. Valentin knew Vera Mamontova from infancy.

The estate in Abramtsevo was the center of cultural life - Turgenev, Vrubel, Repin often visited here. Serov was a student of Ilya Repin. In the summer, they came to work in Abramtsevo more than once. The teacher and student somehow arranged a competition - who better draw Savva Mamontov, who agreed to pose for them. The philanthropist noted that Serov came out "Better, more vital, sharper." Somewhat discouraged, Repin replied that it was not in vain that he was working with him and advised Valentin to sign.

2 . Vera Serov wrote in a spacious dining room, one of the enfilade rooms of the estate. The artist often worked here. Vera was a terrible fidget. In August 1877, during the next visit of Serov to Abramtsevo, the girl ran in from the street and, grabbing a peach, sat down at the table. So this scene impressed Valentine that he asked the girl to pose for him. Vera patiently posed for the artist almost every day for more than a month. After Serov said: "I wrote for more than a month and exhausted her, poor, to death, I really wanted to keep the freshness of painting with complete completeness - that's how the old masters." The artist worked with rapture and ruthlessly towards himself, if he did not like how it turns out, he cleaned off the paint and started again.

Valentin Serov, Girl with Peaches, 1887

3. The painting "Girl with Peaches" is filled with light and air. The fact that Vera is dressed in a simple blouse with a bow, and not dressed up specifically for the picture, emphasizes the spontaneity of the moment. The pink blouse is almost the brightest spot in the picture, it seems that the light comes not only from the window, but also from the girl herself.

4. The peaches depicted by the artist are grown in the Mamontov greenhouse. The family bought trees for her in 1871.

5. Behind Vera's right shoulder, on a pedestal, stands a toy wooden soldier. The figurine was painted by Serov. By the way, in the estate-museum in Abramtsevo, the toy still stands in the same place.

6. The painting was presented by Valentin Serov to Vera's mother, Elizaveta Mamontova, on her birthday. She really liked the portrait of Verochka, and this was the biggest reward for the painter. For a long time the picture hung in the same room where it was created.

7 . The work "Girl with Peaches" participated in the competition of the Moscow Society of Art Lovers. In total, there were 32 works by young artists in the competition. For the portrait of Vera Mamontova, Serov received the first in the amount of 200 rubles.

8 . The well-known philanthropist and collector Pavel Tretyakov saw The Girl with Peaches in the Mamontovs' house and wanted to purchase the painting. But the owners were not going to part with it. Then, for his gallery, Tretyakov bought for 300 rubles Serov's Girl Illuminated by the Sun (portrait of Masha Simanovich).

9. Vera Mamontov was written not only by Serov. In his paintings, Viktor Vasnetsov captured her in the paintings "Girl with a Maple Branch" and "Boyar".

Viktor Vasnetsov, Girl with a Maple Branch, 1896

10 . Unfortunately, the further fate of Vera Mamontova is sad. She married the leader of the Moscow nobility, Minister for Church Affairs Alexander Samarin. The marriage was happy. Vera gave birth to three children. But suddenly, at the age of 32, her life was cut short. She contracted pneumonia and died in 1907. She was buried in Abramtsevo near the Church of the Savior Not Made by Hands. Vera's husband did not marry again, in her honor he built the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in Averkievo.

11 . The painting “Girl with Peaches” (oil on canvas 91x85) came to the Tretyakov Gallery in 1929, it was bought from A. S. Mamontova. A copy of the work by Valentin Serov hangs in the museum-estate in Abramtsevo.

REFERENCE

Valentin Serov is a Russian painter and graphic artist. Born January 19, 1865 in St. Petersburg in the family of composers Alexander and Valentina Serov. In 1874 he began taking painting lessons from Ilya Repin in Paris. In 1880 he entered the Academy of Arts, went to continue his studies in Austria and Italy. In 1894 he became a member of the Association of the Wanderers.

Valentin Serov, Self-portrait, 1880s

Serov is known not only as an excellent painter and portrait painter, but also as a theater artist. He created scenery and costumes for Sergei Diaghilev's Russian Seasons (in particular, he made sketches for the curtain for the ballet Scheherazade), and made the famous poster with the ballerina Anna Pavlova. In 1908, Serov was elected a full member of the Vienna Secession.

Drawing by Valentin Serov for a poster with Anna Pavlova in the ballet La Sylphide

The artist was married to Olga Trubnikova. They had six children - two daughters and four sons. Valentin Serov died in 1911 of a heart attack at the age of 46.

The material uses data from the book by Arkady Kudr "Valentin Serov" from the series "Life of Remarkable People".

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