Why is it said that the earth is flat. First pancake: why do people still believe that the Earth is flat

If Gagarin is not an authority for your child, and all the pictures from the ISS, in his opinion, are fake, you will have to be patient and prove the sphericity of the Earth using a minimum of technical means - just like the ancient Greeks did. This process will be long, but extremely instructive.

1. We prove that the Earth is a disk or a ball

Let's start by defining the outlines of our native planet. Does it have the shape of a suitcase or is there a turtle and elephants down there? There is a very simple way to understand that the Earth is a disk or a sphere. To do this, it is enough to wait for a full lunar eclipse (in Europe, the nearest one can be observed on July 27, 2018, they occur every year. Take your child to where there will definitely be a clear sky on this day, and watch how the round shadow of the Earth slowly covers the Moon. Before that demonstrate how the shape of the shadow depends on the shadow of the object - show the shadows of the hands on the wall of a wolf or an elk.If the shadow is round, then the body that casts it is also round.

After that, it remains only to understand whether the earth has the shape of a disk or the shape of a ball.

2. Choose between a disk and a sphere

To answer the question of whether the Earth is flat or spherical, we need: get out of the city, a ball and an ant (beetle, ladybug or cockroach - to choose from).

First, we need to find a tall, detached structure on a flat area (for example, a power line pole) and go from it. Just like a ship at sea, the support will not disappear from sight immediately, but gradually - first the “legs”, then the middle part and, finally, the top with wires.

Now we interpret the results of observations. If we were dealing with a high tower on a plane, then, moving away, it would become smaller and smaller, but even remaining barely noticeable, it would be completely visible. On the surface of the sphere, objects disappear from sight gradually.

We take a ball and plant an insect on it. We bring the ball very, very close to the eyes so that the insect is halfway behind the "horizon" - the farthest visible edge of the ball. Only part of the animal's body will be visible - just as only part of the tower is visible from afar. Now we can safely conclude that we live on the surface of the earth (except for jokes) ball.

3. Once again about the ball

Another great way to make sure the earth is round is to go out into the field at dawn. Take a watch with you and stand facing the brightest edge of the sky. As soon as the edge of the Sun (or the Moon - it doesn't matter) appears below the horizon, lie down on the Earth and note the time. Look in the same direction. For a few seconds, the luminary will again hide behind the horizon. Why? Because you changed the angle of observation, and for a short time the Sun (or Moon) was hidden from you by the convex surface of the Earth.

The same can be done at sunset or watching the moon set, but only in reverse order: first observe lying down, and then standing up.

4. Determine the size of the ball

For the first time, the circumference of the equator was calculated by the librarian of the Library of Alexandria, Eratosthenes of Cyrene. The ancient sage compared the deviation of the Sun from the zenith on the same day of the year in two cities located at a distance of 800 kilometers from each other - Alexandria and Siena.

It is easy to catch the sun at its zenith: at this moment its rays even fall to the bottom of deep pits (Eratosthenes was guided by wells), and objects do not cast shadows. On the same day, the Sun cast sheer rays on Alexandria, but not on Sienna. It deviated from the zenith by 7.2°. Seven degrees from 360 is two percent. We multiply 800 by 50 and get 40 thousand (kilometers): this is the length of the Equator, this is also confirmed by modern high-precision measurements.

Repeating Eratosthenes' experiment is quite simple, but you will have to enlist the help of friends in another city. Wait for the moment when the Sun is at its zenith (you can give up and look on the Internet, you can navigate by the sundial - a stick stuck into the Earth. When the shadow is the shortest, then the Sun is closest to the zenith). Above the middle lane, the Sun is never at its zenith, but that doesn't matter. It is important at the moment when the shadow from your stick reaches its minimum, call your friends in a city located quite far from you - from Moscow, for example, to St. Petersburg, and ask them to measure the length of their shadow (and the height of the stick). Calculate the value of the acute angle between the stick and an imaginary straight line from the end of the stick to the end of the shadow in you and in a distant city. Further - pure arithmetic: it should turn out about 40 thousand kilometers.

5. Measure the size of the ball again

We return to experiments with hours and sunrises (sunsets). We did not just record the time: knowing it and our own height, we can solve the problem of the radius of the globe.

First, let's find the angle by which the Earth turned in the interval between when you saw the edge of the rising Sun or Moon at dawn standing and lying down. To do this, solve a simple proportion. If the Earth rotates 360° in 24 hours, what angle did it rotate in the time you recorded? Count and call it angle α.

Imagine that it was not you who fell and got up. Instead, the sunrise was observed by two people: Ivan 1 and Ivan 2, at such a distance from each other that the first saw the Sun later than the other exactly at the same time T. Two radii R to Ivan 1 and Ivan 2 form an isosceles triangle with angle α.

Complement the radius to Ivan 2 with a segment equal to your height h, and connect its end to the point where Ivan 1 stands. We get a right triangle with hypotenuse R + h and a known acute angle. A bit of trigonometry - and we calculate the radius of the Earth.

Topic " flat earth» Do you find it funny? Then I'll remind you. Just 500 years ago, everyone KNEW that the Earth was Flat, and those who said that the Earth was Round took a serious risk. At best, friends, acquaintances and relatives looked at him as a "lunatic". At worst, he was burned at the stake by religious fanatics.

Now this story has a sequel...

Earth became again flat, but now no one will burn you. Most people still do not understand what is written, because they have not learned to think with their heads. However, this is not about you. And treat the article with humor.

Piece: "The Flat Earthers Strike Back."

Scene 2: "Evidence for a Flat Earth".

Characters:

Professor Sharov — (PW ). He talked about the Round Earth. . I hope you have seen his official answers. Because now the thing that we love most on this site will begin - “Melting Our Reality «.

Professor Wonderful — (PZ ). Talk about Flat Earth. Right now.

You -simple buyer.

Did I read Scene 1?

1. Our world.

You : Good afternoon Professor Wonderful (PZ ), I just talked to your colleague Sharov about our world, and somehow he didn't look 100% entirely convincing. What do you have?

PZ : I have a model and flat earth map. She looks like this.

PZ : Our world is a Flat Disc surrounded by an ice wall. Therefore, water does not leak anywhere and it is impossible to fall from the edge. The ice wall is officially called Antarctica, covers the entire disk, how far it goes into the depths - we don't know, maybe - to infinity. Or maybe a hundred kilometers there is life. The military closed Antarctica with a special treaty from 1959. Therefore, it is not so easy to get there. Alas.

The Flat Earth map is officially called in science Azimuth Projection.

More details: From above we are covered by the "Dome" - a structure UNDER which the Sun and the Moon rotate, plus the rest of the "planets". The height of the Dome is 5 thousand km. The moon rotates just below the sun. Stars are light bulbs on the Dome.

You : It's clear. Professor Sharov, can you remind me of your version?

PS: Earth is the planet on which we live, and our model is called Globe, from Latin globus -> ball. The surface is 29% land, 71% water. A simplified model of the Earth looks like this.

PS : The Sun - 99.86% of the mass of the entire solar system, is located in the center. The planets revolve around the sun. Earth is the third planet from the Sun. visually below.

You : It's clear. Refreshed memory. Question for you PZ . There is generally accepted evidence that is usually taught in schools as confirmation that the Earth is round. Can you refute them or show an alternative explanation?

PZ : Oh sure. Show me your evidence and I'll comment on it.

What's more, I'm willing to pay 1000 dollars the one who refutes evidence that the earth is flat. You are interested?

You : Yes, I want to earn $1000 if you're not kidding. But first, refute the evidence for a round earth. Ready?

PZ: I seriously offer a deal. Ready.

You: Proof 1. The ships go beyond the horizon and the hull disappears first, and then the sail disappears. This is not proof of the curvature of the Earth's surface?

PZ: No, not proof. The ship simply decreases on the horizon and disappears as soon as it passes " convergence point", that is, goes beyond" visibility horizon". You can return it back if you take binoculars.

How vision works.

An object that is receding from you reaches a point on the horizon when it is too small for you to see anything. Here is the point in the center in the figure where the road shrinks into a point. This point is called « convergence point «, the point where parallel lines IN THE EYE converge. Such is our vision on Earth.

We use 2 eyes to determine the distance to the object.

That is, the further the object is from us, the smaller it will be. And even 2 parallel lines are still removed and reduced to Convergence points of the lens of the eye. This skill is very useful for PREDATOR HUNTERS (us, in the past). Determine distance to prey or danger .

Even 1 eye is still able to show us the Distance, because the light passes through the edges of the lens (points 1, 2, 3, 4). Pupil = ROUND LENS, not a narrow SLIT. Therefore, even 1 eye is very cool!

We see an object up to 7 km away on the horizon. The physical size of the pupil does not allow you to see further.

Practice.

Here are 2 parallel railway tracks. They are parallel to each other for thousands of kilometers ahead, WAYS DO NOT CROSS, DO NOT CLOSE TO EACH OTHER AT ALL, otherwise the train would not have been able to travel for weeks along the Trans-Siberian Railway from Moscow to Vladivostok.

But, you see how 4 parallel rails converge to a point on the horizon, right? So it is with the ship. Curvature has nothing to do with it. Curvature is the most primitive way to explain all these effects.

Keep in mind that hot air or water vapor can interfere with seeing a ship in the distance and above the horizon.

Here, for example, is the phenomenon of a mirage. When in the summer the effect hangs over a hot road, like a wet puddle. I think everyone has seen it in their lives. The middle dividing line disappears into " puddle«.

Object, ship-machine will blur and shrink with distance. The wheels will disappear first, because it is closest to the ground, although the road is absolutely flat in front of you. The same is true at sea.

Water and wind create waves. Waves breaking on the surface of the water create a lot of small splashes and all this mass hangs above the surface of the sea. It is clear that the sail will be the first to rise above the thick mass, a mist of drops. After all, you look almost parallel to the surface of the water. A sail is the tallest object on a ship. The closer the ship is to you, the higher the sail will be above the surface of the water. Although, initially, you see the whole ship on the horizon. Just because of the small spray (distance in kilometers to the ship) you won't see its hull until it's close enough. You might as well try looking through the fog. Will it be strong?

You : According to Evidence 1: Features of vision, "vanishing point" + mirage + water vapor.

Proof 2: Moon and Lunar eclipses. We see how a semicircular shadow from the Earth creeps onto the Moon during eclipses. A semicircular shadow gives a ball or disk of the Earth to the Moon, and according to your theory, the Sun and Moon are above us. What then causes the eclipse in your model?

PZ : A solar eclipse is easy to explain. The Sun and Moon orbit above our head. And the Moon is a little lower than the Sun, so when their path intersects, we see it as a semicircular shadow (of the Moon) creeping onto the Sun, and we have the Black Sun in front of our eyes.

For the lunar eclipse.

Let's begin with that Moon by her own anomalous object on the whole head . You never wonder what we see always only 1 side of the moon? Why is that? Perfect synchronization of orbits? ---> or this artificial object? Why is everything in nature tied to the moon? The planting of plants, the migration of animals, even those feminine cycles are perfectly synchronized with the cycles of the Moon, which last 28 days? Isn't it because of this that women have a shift of "women's days" by 4-5 days by the beginning of the month?

In a word, the Moon is a very strange object and behaves differently than an ordinary piece of the Stone overhead should. By the way, scientifically the Moon is a satellite of the Earth. A satellite can be either artificial(turned with its dish-antenna towards us), or natural.

Let's be kids for a minute. How about the fact that the moon was built by previous civilizations? We do not know this, but modern scientists do not know how the Moon ended up in the sky. The version of the impact of a meteorite on the Earth is nonsense. Because the moon has WATER . In an explosion, from a meteorite hitting the Earth, and then flying in a VACUUM, WATER not formed! So what's the fun then? Just imagine what it could be artificial sphere with its own light source.

We can't see the other side of the moon, can we? And what's in there?

You : Imagined (fantasy), let the Moon be an artificial object, as in your version. Move on.

Proof 3. During Moon Phases we see semicircle in heaven and during Lunar Eclipse we see semicircle a shadow, that is, it is given by a semicircular object, "sphere / ball / disk" as you wish. How do you explain it?

PZ : These are 2 different phenomena: Lunar Phases and Lunar Eclipse.

As for the Moon phases, when you have a crescent moon in the sky, and not a full moon, this is due to the illumination of the moon. The earth has nothing to do with it. The moon is a ball-sphere, and a spherical body will still be illuminated. For example, the "lamp", which is located BEHIND THE MOON. Will now beexperiment with iphone 5.

Imagine there is a lamp inside the moon. And she turns. Are not such phases you will see?

As for the Lunar Eclipse, I already answered in the previous example. There is a third body or phenomenon that we do not yet know. For example, that the moon has its own light source INSIDE, and a semicircular disk passes between the light and the surface, obscuring the light. Moreover, its size can be thousands of times smaller than the moon itself. You don't need the sun for this.

By the way, the Moon does NOT reflect sunlight, as official scientists say, but is the source of its own OWN light, easy to install on this example. If you have a Sphere (ball), then we know perfectly well how light will be reflected from it. Like this.

I didn't see a spot on the moon. And you?

You : Proof 4. World travel? Sailing or flying all the time to the East or to the West, you will arrive at the same point from where you started sailing. Isn't that talking about the Round Earth?

PZ : Simple experiment. Take a plate of water, place a powerful magnet in the middle of the plate, lower a small boat with a compass there and move to the West. You are moving only to the West, and will make a round-the-world trip on a saucer!

Here is tea with lemon. If a slice of lemon twists around the center while remaining peeled towards the edge of the cup, then it will make " trip around the world' by your cup.

Schematically: You are always move to the WEST. The magnetic compass shows all the time on North .

This is what a round-the-world trip above a flat Earth looks like.

This is what Ferdinand Magellan's journey around the Earth looked like 1519-1522.

You: Proof 5. If everyone body over our heads Round then why should we think that our earth flat?

PZ : Here is a billiard table with Round Balls on it. Table, according to your logic = Round?

You : The table is naturally flat,

Proof 6. Availability of time zones when in some parts of the planet it is night, and in other parts of the planet it is day. How to explain? Is it not the turning of the Round Earth?

PZ : No. And what about the turn? The sun moves over the surface of the Flat Earth, in the place where it is bright. Where it is not, there is Night.

Why does the Sun not illuminate the entire disk if it is at a height? Very simple. Here is a light bulb that does NOT light up the entire wall. The wall is too big, like the surface of the Earth.

SIGNS:

IF EARTH IS FLAT
why don't we see sunlight 24 hours a day?

Explanation:

For the same reason that a small lamp cannot illuminate the entire wall.

LIGHT SOURCE = SMALL + MOVING.

You : How do the seasons work? Why is it cold in winter and hot in summer?

PZ : The sun moves from North to South throughout the year. When we are hot - the Sun moves along the Yellow trajectory close to the North Pole ( Tropic of Cancer). When it's cold here, it rotates along the Red trajectory (Tropic of Capricorn), far from the North Pole, but it's Hot in the Southern Hemisphere. And, yes, the Sun moves much faster in the Southern Hemisphere to make its 360 degrees in 24 hours.

The fact that we have Winter in December, and in Australia - Summer, says this picture. Christmas - December 21 in Australia is celebrated in costumes of Santa Claus right on the beach.

You : Then we do not leave the Sun and the evidence of the Flat Earth. I'm interested in 2 more things: polar day and Polar night. When 24 hours a day is light and 24 hours a day is dark. You know this phenomenon, don't you? In official science, this is explained by the tilt of the Earth by 24.5 degrees and the location of the Earth relative to the Sun.

PZ : polar day- this is when the sun does not set below the horizon for 24 hours. That is, it spins above the Horizon Line, approaching the horizon, but not disappearing below it.

Interestingly, the photographs of the Polar Day and Night most often show from the North Pole, but very rarely they are shown from the South Pole. Do you know why? Because in the Flat Earth theory, the Sun does not illuminate the South Pole 24 hours a day. But there are no problems with the North Pole.

Here is an example.

How to check South Polar Day?

No way.

The South Pole is CLOSED for visiting, CLOSED for inspection. There are only government"scientific stations" and " military". Both the first and second government + military) are known as liars with a long, long history... It's not for me to tell you. So there are only 2 options left:

1. There are no days at the South Pole when the Sun is 24 hours above the horizon.

2. There is Polar Day at the South Pole, when the Sun is 24 hours above the horizon.

But, even if it is really shown that there is a Polar Day in Antarctica, then we have a theory. It uses the concept of reflected light from the DOME. Schematically and mathematically it looks like this.

By the way, since we have already started talking about Antarctica, then all of our people are showing some unhealthy interest in it. Earth Elite .

Chronicle for 2016:

1. February 12, 2016 Patriarch Kirill found in the Pope. February 18, 2016 - urgently flies to Antarctica.
2. Beginning of March 2016 - US President Obama flies to Argentina, from where he travels for several days in Patagonia. The territory borders on Antarctica, what he did for a couple of days is unknown. In the delegation with him was a representative of NASA.
3. November 11-12, 2016 - US Secretary of State John Kerry 3 days after the US elections - flies to Antarctica and is there, signing another agreement , which prohibits the entry of fishing vessels into the waters near Antarctica.

Some strange stirring around the icy wastelands among politicians and religious figures. Don't find?

But, let's leave that aside. Let's go back to the Sun and the evidence for a Flat Earth.

You A: Interesting, but that's later. Now m I am interested in the fact that the Sun should decrease in size if it simply moves away from us, and not set below the horizon in a huge disk with the same dimensions. After all, you say that the Sun simply moves above our head in a circular path.

PZ : Let's talk seriously about the Sun.

This video will be enough to prove that the Sun is decreasing in size, moving away from us in a straight line, when it goes to the horizon. Taken from observatory ABOVE cloud level. Link .

Now look here. You must understand that we very often see the Sun that sets above the level of the Earth. Mountains, hills, obstacles, buildings often block our view. And since they are much closer to them than to the real horizon, you see how the big and round Sun hides behind the "visible" horizon, although in fact, it is just REMOVED in a straight line and REDUCED.

Decreases BEFORE "vanishing point".

In this case, the point of convergence closed by a mountain. Therefore, the Sun is hidden from our view by a large disk, but still decreasing along the way.

Here simple experiment in flat earth proof, you can make it at home. Stretch the string across the room so that it has the same height from wall to wall. Place obstacles in its path, such as a book or a board (in this video, it's 4 bottles of beer that hold the cardboard), and so that the obstacle is below the thread. And then look from ground level to see what it looks like.

Get this is the "effect".

The sun will move away from you, and the BIG will go “beyond the visible horizon”, and not a point. That's all. No rotation of the Round Earth is needed for this.

This experiment didn't impress you?

Okay, then what about an obstacle on the horizon like iPhone 6? Camera on the ground distance of 110 meters from the camera to the person? Consider that in our case IPHONE is a MOUNTAIN.

THE MAN IS VISIBLE BEHIND THE MOUNTAIN.

You : And the last question about the Sun and the Moon - how do they fly in a lateral orbit? What keeps them in the sky?

PZ : Magnetic levitation. Here are working devices with magnetic levitation.

Lamp ,
computer mouse,
armchair sofa ,
maglev train on a magnetic cushion.

Incidentally, this also explains ebbs and flows on the ground. Water repels magnets ! And the Moon and the Sun = magnetic background sources, so they are just " push the water apart» underneath and she runs to the shore. Gravity here, as always, is superfluous. Ebb and flow is only in the Oceans and Seas with salt water, which are in the path of the movement of the Sun and Moon.

At home, check how ordinary tap water reacts to a comb. Just before that, run through your hair to transmit an electric discharge

The faucet is pure fresh water! And sea water reacts even better to electricity. There SOOOOOOOOL!

The ebbs and flows have nothing to do with the gravity of the MOON. Because most gravity doesn't exist at all. This is Newton's fantasy and invented power, how to describe the world and facts at the beginning of the 19th century. This is how the electromagnetic repulsion of the Moon and Water looks like. Schematically.

You:Proof 7. Photos from satellites? Photo from above? Are you still saying the earth is flat?

PZ: Have you heard about special effects in photography? And fisheye lenses, right? These lenses bend the image a lot in order to cover a large area. Here are some examples:

1. Real round walls? Below = no distortion.

4. Round subway cars.

5. The spire of the church bows to the building on the right

6. Square Curves…

Horizon = Curvature.

What does the proof of a spherical Earth look like?

Now back to Space and the ISS. Here is a picture from 2008. Where is NASA recognized , that pictures are taken through a fisheye. These lenses are at the MIR station. Come in, check it out.

Here is the same picture in Wikipedia , where it says that the curvature of the Earth is due to the "Fish Eye".

Why use if the earth is round?

Correct, to warp a flat image, such as curvature proof.

Although all the photos, without corrections, tell us otherwise. Earth is flat! From any height!

You : Proof 8. Ballooners claim that with height we see farther, because we see beyond the horizon.

PZ : An absolutely stupid argument from the Sharovers (like all the others, by the way). Why?

Because

Here is an example - a flat lawn near the house. If you put the camera at ground level and move away from it, then you " hide behind the horizon". Is this evidence that a flat field suddenly has a curvature? No. Link to video .

You : I like this explanation. Accurate and with evidence.

Proof 9. And yet, what about the satellites? Communication / satellite TV / GPS? How are they explained on the Flat Earth?

PZ : Communication between continents without wires was long before satellites. The first transatlantic radio contact was successfully made in 1906, from Brant Rock, USA to Mahri, Scotland. Nobody heard about the satellites for the next 50 years, and the continents ALREADY communicated with each other.

Today, 99% of all Internet traffic is carried by submarine ocean cables between continents, and not via satellites.

Satellite dishes on homes are only called "satellite" because they all look at the horizon, NOT the sky, at a 90% angle. You see such antennas every day on houses and roofs, right? Are they looking vertically UP IN THE SKY at the satellite?

Or —————————> TO THE HORIZON?

"These antennas" receive conventional radio signals from conventional transmission towers standing on the ground but not from outer space. Can you see the tilt of the antenna?

What you see with your own eyes on the houses is called " tropospheric» radio communication.

The distance of "tropospheric radio communication" is 300-800 km. The signal bounces off the ionosphere. What modern scientists call the "Ionosphere" I call the "Dome". It's a flat-earth dome that bounces radio waves down to Earth.

And everything that is less than 300-800 km can be covered with additional 300 meter towers, as shown below. The signal "on the dish" comes from the radio towers.

Do you recognize these engineering creations 200-300 m high?

Why do you need TV satellites? Everything works without them.

You: And what's about GPS and Flat Earth?

PZ: GPS - Global Positioning System. Its only purpose is to convince you that it " GLOBAL “, i.e. = GLOBE, i.e. BALL! And how does it work?

In cities, she works at the expense of mobile towers. And 3 towers are enough to determine your location exactly to the meter. It is called - Triangulation .

Outside the cities, there is an ordinary radio network with powerful towers that cover most of the Earth. It was first used during World War II to navigate ships and aircraft, when no one had heard of satellites. next 20 years... The accuracy of determining the ship at sea is 150 meters with a range of 1,500 km! Name - LORAN and DECCA. Come in, check it out.

Here is the tower LORAN 190 meters high in Canada.

In 2000 they were renamed GPS and shoved into your cell phone with beautiful cards. The system is operated by the US military, and how it actually works you will never know. Just as you won’t find out why the Kursk nuclear-powered ship sank, and how many full-time military of the Russian Federation died in the Donbas and in Syria. The military will always lie.

As you understand, positioning systems worked successfully BEFORE even the idea of ​​... SATELLITE ...

You: Anyone else know about this theory?

PZ : Everybody knows. This is not a secret. For example, NASA in its calculations and models of aircraft flight in the air uses a model of a FLAT and NON-ROTATING Earth.

That is, future pilots are taught on models that have not heard that curvature must be taken into account, or that the surface of the Earth rotates under them. Why? Because it doesn't really exist.

You can download the document . E it is written on the first page in the first paragraph.

Here is another document for FAA (Federal Aviation Administration, USA), which states that flight simulation software should be as close to reality as possible for high-quality pilot training in the air, training controllers on the ground. Therefore, everything must be exactly in calculations.

Various situations and behavior of the aircraft in the sky are played here. "The Engineering Analysis and Design of the Aircraft Dynamics Model For the FAA Target Generation Facility". You can download.

On page 32 it says in plain text: we we do not take into account the rotation of the Earth, and the flight passes over flat earth«.

Simulation as close to reality as possible, right?

So what is our Reality then, dear pilots?

Official cards?

Here is the official flat earth map for a wide range of users. Created in 1892 year, a paper copy is kept in the library of Boston, USA. What is interesting in it?

3 moment!

Moment 1 : Right at the top of the card is written in large letters

"AS IT IS"

which means " in fact »

Moment 2: Right and Left says: scientifically correct« (scientifically and ) and " practically true« (practically correct). Seriously

Moment 3. The bottom of the map shows how the Sun moves in June and December. Where do they come from June 21 and December 21.

June Solstice.

« The white oval shows the location of the Sun in the Tropic of Cancer, in June, at noon. This causes 24 hours of sunshine in the Polar Regions (Polar Day). After June 21st, the Sun begins to spiral towards the South until it reaches its final point on December 21st.«

December Solstice.

« On December 21, the Sun moves across the Tropic of Capricorn, and as it moves, it illuminates the Southern Antarctic ice sheet. There is no light below 80º S, only unexplored regions of ice. On December 23, the Sun completes its South move and begins to move back towards the North Pole, ending its season."

In addition, all the most serious organizations in the world such as the UN - the United Nations, ICAO - the International Civil Aviation Organization, IMO - the International Maritime Organization, WMO - the World Meteorological Organization use the Flat Earth map. irony, true?

Organizations that control the globe,
use flat earth map..

question in a million: Can you find Antarctica here?

Pilots.

Sailors.

Climatologists.

Did you find Antarctica?

And it is considered the 6th continent of the Earth, actually ...

Google reveals original drawing for Winter Solstice . So, by the way. There's nothing special here.

2. Question 2. What experiment was carried out to reveal Gravity? - Answer . There is nothing to check here, Gravity does not exist, it is a fictional force that exists only on paper.

3. Question 3. How does the water in the oceans curve in an arc? - Answer . No way. Water in the oceans in a horizontal position, from the North Pole to Antarctica.

4. Question 4. Is the curvature of the Earth taken into account when building long bridges, rails, shipping channels and pipelines? - Answer . No, it is not taken into account, because there is no curvature. There is only height.

5. Question 5 . Physics of the XXI century. standard model elementary particles of our Universe (in short, how everything works in the world) includes only 3 forces: electromagnetic, weak and strong interaction, does NOT include gravity in its calculations. - Answer . He does the right thing by not turning it on, because gravity does not exist.

6 . Question 6. How did the Vacuum of Space not suck out the Atmosphere? - Answer . Atmosphere protected by the Dome.

7. Question 7. Why doesn't gravity pull clouds? - Answer . Different density of air near the Earth and air at altitude.

9. Question 9. How rivers (water) can flow UP? - Answer . They can't and you know it. Water always flows down.

10. Question 10. Why do airplanes fly so strangely?- Answer .

Regarding the first example, the Bali-Los Angeles flight landed in Alaska. Here flat earth map and a straight line between the two cities.

About routes through Antarctica. Where to fly?

Fly in circles? From Africa to Australia, there's not enough fuel. From South America to Australia, there's not enough fuel. From Africa to South America, there's not enough fuel. Keep in mind that Antarctica goes in a circle for a distance much greater than the equator. And the equator itself is 40,000 km in circumference!

But, like this, flying in a straight line is the most it!

Therefore, no one will pull optical Internet cables from Africa to Australia and South America. It's VERY far away. Red zones are empty.

You : OK then. Governments know that the earth is flat. They have evidence of a flat earth, a map of a flat earth, then what is the benefit of hiding the truth?

PZ : Because there will be a disaster in science.

No Gravity = No Globe = No Rotation = No Big Bang = No millions of galaxies, planets and stars = No aliens = No Evolution = No link between living organisms and humans = Is that enough to keep silent about the shape of the Earth?

Gravity is a Religion for Scientists. Everything that cannot be clearly explained is explained by the mysterious word Gravity. From RELIGIONS DO NOT REFUSE!

Why is the earth round? — gravity .
Why do people not fly away from the rotating Earth? - gravity .
Why doesn't water fly away from the surface of the Earth and collect at the Equator, where is the maximum speed? - gravity .
Why is the moon in the sky? - gravity .

Replace the word " gravity» word « God «, and get the same result. Level 0 explanations.

Why is the earth round? — God .
Why do people not fly away from the rotating Earth? — God .
Why doesn't water fly away from the surface of the Earth and collect at the Equator, where is the maximum speed? — God .
Why is the moon in the sky? — God .

I will say by secret:

« Gravity is the force that attracts the Absurd«.

Do you know why?

Because after Newton came up with Gravity, science has evolved this way for the last 300 years.

Scientists have realized thattheory of gravity will lead to a singularity (the whole universe will shrink, in the end, to a point) then they invented"Dark Energy". It is, in principle, Anti-Gravity. But, as a result of further calculations of the formulas, they realized that the expansion"Dark Energy" will lead to the rupture of Einstein's "space-time", and then they came up with"Dark Matter" which must balance"Gravitons" of gravity and "Dark Energy".

Before us is a fictitious force, which should explain another imaginary power, and so time after time when formulas don't stick.

But in fact: "Gravitons" do not exist, hence Dark Energy does not exist, hence Dark Matter does not exist. And when you are forced to believe in things that exist only on paper and in dreams, then this is not science, this is -"MAGIC".

Therefore, physics for 2017 rested its forehead against the wall and is waiting for a new Prophet who will explain what and how. Without "gravity" and other "magical entities".

What about us?

And we need other answers to questions as old as the world: “Who are we?”, And “What have they forgotten here?”. Without "magic", "gravity" and "ape-people theories".

ORIGIN OF THE WORLD:

1. Divine version of the world. You heard about it, the world in 6 days. According to the Bible.

2. Version - Big Bang with Evolution proposed priest Georges Lemaitre)) and Darwin.

“There was NOTHING, then suddenly nothing happened to this NOTHING and NOTHING exploded! Then all the exploded and scattered NOTHING magically transformed itself into matter and living particles, which still magically learned to copy themselves, multiply ... And then there were dinosaurs ...

How do you like this theory from the Catholics of the Vatican? It is considered official "in science" for 2017. Seriously!

More options?

3. The most obvious is theory, about which we wrote recently. We live in the Matrix (Digital Universe), and it seems that this is a game for our distant descendants, for example, children 2100. People of the Future play the games of the Past. How we play computer games about Greece, Feudalism and the Middle Ages. And our descendants play us - with 100% immersion in the virtual reality of the Past. As fantastic as it may sound.

All in all.

PS: You won't be able to drag your flat earth theory into mainstream science. She is absurd.
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For unknown reasons, an increasing number of people - and even scientists - around the world are joining the "Flat Earth Society" and declaring all modern ideas of mankind about the Universe and space as a global conspiracy to send humanity along the wrong path of development. The authors of works published by conspiracy theorists prove that the Earth is actually flat and surrounded by an impenetrable wall of ice, and the Sun and Moon revolve around a flat earth disk.

All photographs of space objects, both natural and artificial, were declared by the British-American society of "scientists" to be a fake, created for the purpose of disinformation. At the same time, the slogan of the society became ironic: “The Flat Earth Society has supporters all over the globe!”

flat earth theory

And yet she turns!

"And yet she turns!" - these words, according to legend, were said by Galileo Galilei, rising from his knees after the court of the Inquisition, which forced him to renounce the belief that the Earth revolves around the Sun, and not vice versa. But the great Italian scientist was threatened with a painful death at the stake. And what would happen today if some wise guy at a meeting of the Academy of Sciences exclaimed: “And yet it is flat!”? In the worst case scenario for himself, he would have become a patient in ward number 6. It would seem that only a madman can dispute the fact that our planet has the shape of a ball, or, more precisely, a geoid. Nevertheless, there is a flat earth society in the USA, which has hundreds of adherents in different countries of the world. They give a lot of fairly convincing arguments in favor of the fact that we do not live on a ball, but on a disk.

"Flat" vs. "Round"

Many ancient peoples were sure that the Earth was flat. Surrounded by the waters of the World Ocean, she stands on the backs of three whales (as an option - three elephants or a giant tortoise). In Hinduism and Buddhism, Jambudvipa - the land of people - is a flat disk in the middle of the ocean. In the center is Mount Meru, the top of the world, and all the continents are its slopes. The sun, moon and stars revolve around the top of Meru. And the ocean is surrounded by a ring of high impassable mountains that prevent water from flowing into the void.

The early antique philosophers Leucippus and Democritus also claimed that the earth was flat. But Aristotle in 330 BC provided evidence for the sphericity of our planet, based on a change in the horizon line and a shift in the position of the constellations at different latitudes. In addition, he noticed that the shadow of the Earth during a lunar eclipse is always round. In the 1st century, Pliny the Elder wrote about the sphericity of the Earth as a generally accepted fact. Nevertheless, the confrontation between the “flat earthers” and the “sharovers” continued for many more centuries with varying success. For example, in Western Europe and Muslim countries in the early Middle Ages (V-XI centuries), under the influence of leading religions, ideas about a flat Earth prevailed. But the development of astronomical and geographical knowledge led to the fact that already in the late Middle Ages (XIV-XV centuries), the sphericity of the Earth was not questioned by educated people and was not denied by religious authorities. However, in Russia the concept of a flat Earth was considered on a par with the geocentric picture of the world until the 17th century.

Flat Earth Society

And in 1816, the English inventor Samuel Rowbotham was born. Throughout his conscious life, he conducted various experiments and experiments. Their results were presented by the inventor under the pseudonym Parallax in a small book called Zethetic Astronomy: The Earth is Not a Ball. The author argued that the Earth has the shape of a flat disk. This book was repeatedly reprinted, and each time the number of pages in it and the number of supporters of Rowbotham's theory grew. His followers founded the Universal Zethetic Society in England. Rowbotham's ideas then crossed the ocean and were adopted by the American John Alexander Dowie, who founded the Christian Catholic Apostolic Church in 1895. Wilbur Glenn Voliva took over the church in 1906. He was a passionate preacher who championed and promoted the views of Parallax. After the death of Voliva in 1942, the activities of the Ecumenical Zetetic Society died out. It was revived in 1956 by Samuel Shenton under the name International Flat Earth Society. In 1971, Charles Johnson became president of the society. During the three decades of his presidency, the number of supporters of the theory of the flat Earth has increased significantly.

The Society distributed pamphlets, newsletters, and other literature promoting the flat earth model. And although Johnson died in 2001, the International Flat Earth Society continues to function. How many people are in it. no one knows for sure, the numbers range from hundreds to several thousand. But, judging by the Internet, there are supporters of the flat earth theory in almost all countries of the world, including Russia.

Entertaining cosmology

"Flat Earthers" represent our planet as a disk with a diameter of just over 40 thousand kilometers, in its center is the North Pole. Where is the South then? And there is no it - and that's it! Neither is Antarctica. There is the edge of the world, an ice wall encircling the world and preventing the oceans from spreading. And what is behind this insurmountable barrier? Someone claims that these ices are endless. Others believe that the icy desert ends somewhere with a cliff into the bottomless abyss of the void.

The earth is covered with a transparent dome, above which the sun, moon and stars rotate, providing a change of day and night.

Gravity doesn't exist. In fact, the Earth is flying upwards with a constant acceleration of 9.81 meters per second. And therefore, any objects thrown up do not fall down, but are overtaken by the ground. Thus, if you bounce, the earth does not pull you, but itself rises up and hits you on the heels. But if this theory is correct, the skeptic has a natural question: how can insects, birds, and even airplanes fly? After all, since the disk rises all the time, a body that is in the air for a long time would inevitably collide with the surface or even flatten itself against it. What is the force pushing the earth up? Flat-Earthers find it difficult to give a clear answer to these questions. But if you ask them what will happen if the planet picks up maximum speed, they will answer that due to the curvature of space-time, this can be accelerated indefinitely.

irrefutable evidence

In defense of their theory, "flat earthers" provide serious evidence. So, if the Earth is a ball, then nothing should be visible beyond the horizon line. But, for example, the Needles Lighthouse, located near Hampshire in the UK, whose height is 33 meters, is visible at a distance of up to 60 kilometers. The curvature of the earth, according to the teachings of the Ballooners, at such a distance is 282 meters. It turns out that the point where the lighthouse is located should be 282 meters below the horizon line. That is, the lighthouse from such a distance should not be visible - but meanwhile it is in full view!

Or, when a ship, moving away from the coast, hides behind the horizon line, this seems to be irrefutable proof of the sphericity of the Earth. However, the “flat earther” will object that if you take good equipment and set up a magnifying zoom, then the ship that disappeared over the horizon will again appear in the field of view. That is, our vision is limited by the perspective dispersion point, and not by the horizon line. If you equip your eye with good optics, then there will be no horizon line that limits visibility due to the curvature of the Earth.

But what about the generally accepted statement that the Earth rotates around its axis, and even at a speed of more than 400 meters per second? The Flat Earther will disprove this with a simple and witty experiment. He will take a stone and throw it vertically upwards. After a few seconds, the stone will fall to the same point from which it was thrown, although if the Earth is spinning, it should fall many meters away.

Supporters of classical knowledge will object to this that atmospheric pressure drags with it everything that is in its field of action. That is all. what enters the atmospheric layer, flies along with the surface of the Earth.

Once the Italian physicist Evangelista Torricelli conducted an experiment. He filled a tube sealed at one end with mercury, turned it over and lowered the open end into a cup of mercury. The column of mercury in the tube has dropped to a certain level. Thus, the scientist proved the existence of a vacuum, as well as atmospheric pressure, which affects any body.

Supporters of the flat-earth theory believe that in the case of Torricelli's experiment, no vacuum formed in the tube, and mercury vapor simply accumulated there, which, at a minimum pressure at the very top of the sealed tube, began to boil at room temperature. That is, there is no atmospheric pressure, and if a stone thrown vertically upwards returns to the same point, then the Earth is flat.

worldwide conspiracy

"Flat Earthers" are also absolutely sure that there are no space flights and cannot be. All the magnificent photographs and videos taken from satellites circling our planet, and astronauts from the boards of orbital stations, are an unscrupulous fake. Roskosmos, NASA and space agencies of other countries have been using computer graphics since 1957, that is, for 60 years, misleading everyone. Spaceships and other contraptions are made of cardboard and plywood, all space travels are filmed from fictional scenarios on earth. And the Americans were not on the moon: gullible earthlings slipped shooting in the Hollywood pavilions and the deserts of Nevada. The prevailing point of view about the sphericity of the Earth is just a conspiracy sponsored by the Masons to hide the truth from the entire population of the planet. Everyone who knows the truth - scientists, NASA employees, astronauts - are funded by Freemasons and are also participants in the conspiracy.

There are no space flights and there cannot be. All the magnificent photographs and videos taken from satellites circling over our planet, and by astronauts from the boards of orbital stations, are a shameless fake!

However, maybe the “flat earthers” are right. The earth is, after all, not quite a sphere. It is a geoid, as it is somewhat flattened at the poles. Flattened? But to what extent? Is she still flat?

All of us, from the school bench, were “driven” into the head that our planet is round, but we are forced to take our word for it. If you are told: give evidence of the sphericity of the Earth, then many will be puzzled by such a question. Even now, in 2017, there are many societies where people truly believe that our planet is flat and limited by glaciers, behind which we hide uncharted lands. As a rule, these people believe in a conspiracy theory that they are all deceived and do not disclose information on pain of death. They also put forward a lot of dubious evidence that is based on unverified calculated data. So, our task in this work is to dispel all myths and give 5 proofs of the sphericity of the Earth. To check this, it is enough to look around with the naked eye and make sure many times that our planet is not flat with a hundred percent probability!

Proof 1. Moon

The first evidence of the sphericity of the Earth was presented in the distant past by Aristotle, and it was based on a lunar eclipse. So, earlier people, since they were not educated, believed that our Moon is some kind of deity that plays with us like that. Some ancient Greeks were able to determine precisely from the Moon that our planet has the shape of a ball.

In addition, Aristotle was able to prove that, in addition to being round, it is also spherical. The evidence was elementary. A lunar eclipse is the moment when on the moon it is possible to see the shadow of our planet, from which it is easy to determine that the Earth has the shape of a ball.

Proof 2. Embankment

Try it yourself, give evidence of the sphericity of the Earth by observing the ships. Many people like to walk along the embankment, especially beautiful moments - this is a ship slowly rising above the water, it seems that it is literally coming out of the water. Why do you think this visual illusion occurs? Everything is very simple, this is another proof of a round planet.

Try an experiment, take an orange or any other round fruit or vegetable and plant an ant on it. As he rises, he will slowly appear. If you plant the same ant on a flat surface, it will look a little different, the ant will gradually materialize.

Proof 3. Stars

As in the case of the Moon, this discovery was made by Aristotle, observing the change of constellations, and a trip to Egypt helped him. Returning from his trip, he noticed that the constellations there and in the northern regions are very different, and this can only be explained by the fact that we are not looking at the sky from a flat surface.

Try to track it yourself and empirically provide evidence of the sphericity of the Earth, because many, especially in the summer, go on trips, so spend this time to your advantage. There is such a pattern - the farther you move away from the equator, the more the constellations familiar to us go to the horizon.

Proof 4. Horizon

Try and give proof of the sphericity of the Earth through observation. Just look into the distance, what do you see? And try to climb higher, what then will you see? This experiment is best done not in an urban area, so that high-rise buildings do not interfere with the view.

In principle, this experiment is very similar to the second, where we observed the ships. The higher you climb, the more you will see, this is due to the fact that the Earth is not flat, if it were otherwise, there would be no such effect.

Proof 5. Sun

If you have noon at the moment, then it is midnight on the far side of the planet. How can this be explained? The earth is round, if the planet were flat, and the Sun was a kind of searchlight, then we would observe our luminary for many kilometers, even if we ourselves remained in the shade.

This fact, probably, no one doubts today. Even small preschool children know that our planet has a spherical shape. But not all guys know why the Earth is round. Let's try to understand this issue in more detail.

ancient representations

The correct idea of ​​why the Earth is round (now scientifically proven and substantiated) did not develop among people immediately and not at the same time. The various peoples who inhabited our planet in ancient times had different theories of its appearance and structure. Here is some of them.

• In ancient India, the Earth was represented as a plane resting on the backs of three elephants. These giants are on and that, in turn, on a giant snake.
• The Egyptians considered the incarnation of the Sun to the god Ra, who, on his chariot, sweeps across the dome of the sky. The earth in their view was also flat.
• In ancient Babylon, there were ideas about land in the form of a huge mountain, in the west of which Babylonia flourished. The sea stretched around, on which the firm sky rests (and in the heavenly world there were also water and land, only turned upside down).

Ancient Greece

The Greeks also had very interesting ideas about the structure of the universe (modern scientists know about them from the poems "Iliad" and "Odyssey"). The earth seemed to them a disc, resembling a warrior's shield. The land is washed by the ocean from all sides. The sun floats across the coppery slope of the sky that stretches above the surface. According to the philosopher Thales, the flat Earth floats in a bubble (which looks like a semicircle). The planet was perceived as the center of the universe, and the city of Delphi was considered the "navel of the Earth." The sunrises and sunsets of the Sun and planets were justified by the fact that they move in a circle.

Aristarchus of Samos

Interestingly, in ancient Greece, the followers of Pythagoras already considered the Earth and other planets to be round. And the outstanding astronomer of that time, Aristarchus, expressed his opinion on the question of the structure of the World. He, probably, was the first scientist known today who proved that the Earth is round and revolves around the Sun along with all the planets, and not vice versa. This was, according to some scientists, the impetus for the formation of correct ideas of man about the structure of the planets and their movement in the firmament.

Copernicus

The earth is round and it spins! So or almost so, he declared with confidence - to the whole people! - this great scientist, having blown up with his seditious statements the entire church and scientific world of that time. But even before that, pundits, in particular, Eratosthenes, argued that our planet has a spherical shape, and even managed to measure its diameter. Therefore, it is difficult to give an unambiguous answer to the question of who proved that the Earth is round. But back to Copernicus. The famous Polish astronomer lived and worked in the Renaissance. With his observations, he initiated the scientific revolution. His work, devoted to the justification of the heliocentric scheme of the structure of the Universe, continued for more than 40 years, until his death in 1543. Interestingly, in the book of Copernicus "On the rotation of the celestial spheres" (1543), an estimate is given of the size of the planets and the Sun itself, the distances between objects, which are quite close to modern scientific data.

Why is the earth round?

Be that as it may, modern science largely relies on the above-mentioned research of the Polish astronomer, who was many centuries ahead of his time. And yet, why is the Earth round and not square or flat, for example? Why did all the known planets of the solar system, their satellites and the luminary itself, the Sun, turn out to be rounded? There is a very specific physical explanation for this fact. The thing is that the universe is constantly rotating. The earth rotates around its axis. The moon is around the earth. Our and other planets travel in certain orbits around a star (the Sun), which, in turn, is also subject to rotation. Even huge galaxies move along their trajectories, rotating.

And the force of gravity and rotation acts on all sides of the surface of any planet simultaneously, as a result, giving them approximately the same distance from the imaginary center (in the global sense). That's why the earth is round. For children, you can conduct an imaginary experiment. Imagine that our planet has some other shape. With increased rotation, the force of gravity will be so great that even a cube can turn into an ellipse or a ball after a while.

Ball or geoid?

Of course, the orbits of the planets are not perfectly circular. Rather, they resemble elongated ellipses. By the way, the shape of our Earth is not a perfect ball, but a flattened ellipsoid (also called a geoid). And modern space exploration data show that on the surface of our blue planet there are huge depressions (in the Indian region - minus one hundred meters) and bulges (in the Iceland region - up to plus one hundred meters above the surface).

From space, the Earth looks like a big, “bitten off” apple on one side. And from the poles, the "ball" visually looks rather flattened. After all, even the distance from the poles to the center is less than from the center to the equator, by many kilometers ...