"Victory and Defeat". Essay example

ESSAY-ESSAY

VICTORY IN THE WAR IS THE VICTORY OF THE PEOPLE'S SPIRIT

Ryzhova Yulia Viktorovna,

11th grade student

Teacher:

Dorohina Svetlana Vasilievna,

teacher of Russian language and literature

MBOU "Secondary School No. 30 named after M.K. Yangel"

the city of Bratsk

History has one indisputable

Law:

Who is devoted to his Motherland - the enemy

Will not be defeated.

S. Vurgun

Ordinary soldiers, sailors,

Through years of fighting and loss

Our peaceful dews are burning

All the gold of your awards.

V. Vinogradsky

May 9 ... Every year, when this bright day comes, the tragic and heroic war years are remembered with particular acuteness. Blood and pain, the bitterness of losses and defeats, the death of relatives and friends, heroic resistance and bitter captivity, selfless, to the point of exhaustion work in the rear - all this was carried by the war, taking away millions of human lives. The Russian people survived this war and defended their long-suffering land.

Victory in war is the victory of the national spirit, the victory of strong-willed people who are able to rise above circumstances and death itself. This is the victory of people who are guided by a feeling of love for the Motherland, which has fallen into serious trouble, a feeling of the most ardent patriotism.

The history of our country keeps the memory of many tragic events, the name of which is "war". More than once, the Russian people stood up to defend their homeland, and the strength of their spirit is passed on from generation to generation.

We learn about the events of the past years by reading authentic documents preserved in the archives, works of fiction, memoirs of the participants in these events.

The great Russian writer L.N. Tolstoy glorified two Russian national epics with “his unsurpassed creations”: first, the Crimean War of 1854-1855 in Sevastopol Tales, and subsequently the victory over Napoleon in 1812 in the novel War and Peace, showing the greatest strength of the Russian spirit people.

In the story “Sevastopol in the month of December”, Tolstoy writes: “You will clearly understand, imagine those people whom you have just seen, those heroes who in those difficult times did not fall, but rose in spirit and prepared with pleasure for death, not out of town but for the homeland. This epic of Sevastopol, of which the Russian people were the hero, will leave great traces in Russia for a long time ... ". A wounded sailor, whose leg was torn off by a shell, "stopped the stretcher in order to look at the volley of our battery," the soldiers and sailors say: "Nothing, there are two hundred of us on the bastion, there will still be enough for us for two days."

In the novel by L.N. Tolstoy’s “War and Peace” we read: “With many years of military experience, he (Kutuzov) knew ... that it is not the orders of the commander-in-chief, not the place on which the troops stand, not the number of guns and killed people, but that elusive force that decides the fate of the battle, called the spirit of the army ... ". “A wonderful, incomparable people,” says Kutuzov about Russian soldiers and militia before the battle of Borodino. Before the battle, they put on clean white shirts to prepare for death. They were ready to die for their land, because the French "ravaged their house", and "they are going to ruin Moscow ...". “We fought for the Russian land ..., there was such a spirit in the troops that I had never seen ...”, - says the protagonist of the novel, Andrei Bolkonsky. And this spirit helped the Russian soldiers to defeat Napoleon's army.

The Russian people know how to defend and love their homeland, carrying through the years the heroic traditions of Russian weapons, fanning it with new immortal glory.

There are holy places near Moscow. Dubosekovo junction is one of them. There are six giant concrete figures of warriors, clutching concrete bundles of grenades and machine guns in their hands. They seem to grow out of the ground. And behind them is Moscow. One hundred and twenty-nine years after the battle of Borodino, the Nazi troops will approach Moscow. And again, Russian soldiers will fight to the death, defending their land. “Russia is great, but there is nowhere to retreat, behind Moscow,” these words of Lieutenant Klochkov still live in the memory of people, recalling the feat of the Panfilov heroes. They died, but the enemy was not missed.

In the same distant 1941, fascist radio stations broadcast: “Sevastopol has fallen! Crimea is taken! But it wasn't true. Sevastopol stood to death. He could not fall, because the spirit of the soldiers and sailors who heroically defended Sevastopol in 1854-1855 during the Crimean War lived in new generations of soldiers and sailors. A landing force of twenty-five Black Sea sailors was landed from a submarine into cold water in a small Black Sea bay. He had to take fire on himself in order to distract the Nazis from the main troops. The sailors completed the task assigned to them at the cost of their own lives.

1943 Stalingrad. Fighting continues in the city. Heavy water columns rise up from the bombs falling into the Volga. The defenders of the city "until the end, to the last human possibility" fight the enemies. Konstantin Simonov will say about Stalingrad: "This is a city-soldier, singed in battle ... the exploits of people are cruel, and their suffering is unheard of ... the struggle is not for life, but for death."

About the courage of the soldiers, about the great desire to liberate their land from enemies, their letters, written by them in rare moments of rest, tell. We read a letter from tanker A. Golikov, who fought near Moscow: “... Through the holes of the tank, I see the street, green trees, flowers in the garden are bright, bright. For you, the survivors, after the war, life will be as bright as these flowers, and happy ... It's not scary to die for it ... ".

G.K. Zhukov, Marshal of the Soviet Union, four times Hero of the Soviet Union, wrote: “The Soviet soldier knew how to boldly look into the eyes of mortal danger, while demonstrating military prowess and heroism. By his will, his inflexible spirit, his blood won victory over a strong enemy. There are no limits to the greatness of his feat in the name of the Motherland.

The strength of the spirit of the people was manifested not only on the battlefields. It was she and the belief that the enemy, trampling the Russian land, would be defeated, helped people survive in the besieged Leningrad, gave strength to hungry women and teenagers for days to stand at the machines, work in the fields.

The Great Patriotic War has already become history. We read about it, like about the other Patriotic War, in history books. And it is very important that behind the facts and figures we can see and hear those who created History, so that we, the next generations, can pass on their ability to love and appreciate their land, their fortitude, which in difficult times will help to survive.

The soldiers of their homeland sleep in mass graves, in hospital cemeteries and rural graveyards. Fewer and fewer living participants in the Great Patriotic War remain with us, and I want to bow low to them, both the living and the dead, in gratitude for the fact that the Russia-country they saved remained with us.

victory and defeat

The direction allows you to think about victory and defeat in different aspects: socio-historical, moral-philosophical, psychological.

Reasoning can be related as with external conflict events in the life of a person, country, world, and with internal struggle of a person with himself, its causes and results.
Literary works often show the concepts of "victory" and "defeat" in different historical conditions and life situations.

Possible essay topics:

1. Can defeat become victory?

2. “The greatest victory is victory over oneself” (Cicero).

3. "Always victory with those in whom there is agreement" (Publius).

4. “Victory achieved by violence is tantamount to defeat, for it is short-term” (Mahatma Gandhi).

5. Victory is always welcome.

6. Each small victory over oneself gives great hope in one's own strength!

7. Tactics of the winner - to convince the enemy that he is doing everything right.

8. If you hate, then you have been defeated (Confucius).

9. If the loser smiles, the winner loses the taste of victory.

10. Only the one who conquered himself wins in this life. Who conquered his fear, his laziness and his insecurity.

11. All victories begin with a victory over yourself.

12. No victory will bring as much as one defeat can take away.

13. Is it necessary and possible to judge the winners?

14 Do defeat and victory taste the same?

15. Is it hard to admit defeat when you are so close to victory?

16. Do you agree with the statement "Victory ... defeat ... these lofty words are devoid of any meaning."

17. “Loss and victory taste the same. Defeat has the taste of tears. Victory has a taste of sweat"

Possible theses on the topic:"Victory and Defeat"

1. Victory. Every person has a desire to experience this intoxicating feeling. As kids, we felt like a winner when we got the first fives. Growing older, they felt joy and satisfaction from achieving the set goal, victory over their weaknesses - laziness, pessimism, maybe even indifference. Victory gives strength, makes a person more persistent, more active. Everything around seems so beautiful.

2. Everyone can win. We need willpower, the desire for success, the desire to become a bright, interesting person.

3. Of course, both the careerist, having received another promotion, and the egoist, who has achieved some benefits, brings pain to others, experience a kind of victory. And what a “victory” a person greedy for money experiences when he hears the ringing of coins and the rustle of banknotes! Well, everyone decides for himself what he aspires to, what goals he sets, therefore the “victories” can be quite different.

4. A person lives among people, so the opinion of others is not indifferent to him, no matter how much some people want to hide it. A victory appreciated by people is many times more pleasant. Everyone wants their joy to be shared by those around them.

5. Victory over oneself - this becomes a way of survival for some. People with disabilities every day make efforts on themselves, strive to achieve results at the cost of incredible efforts. They are an example for others. The performances of athletes at the Paralympic Games are striking in how great the will to win these people have, how strong they are in spirit, how optimistic, no matter what.

6. The price of victory, what is it? Is it true that "the winners are not judged"? You can also think about this. If the victory was won by dishonest means, then the price is worthless. Victory and lies, rigidity, heartlessness - concepts that exclude each other. Only an honest game, a game according to the rules of morality, decency, only such a game brings true victory.

7. Winning is not easy. Much needs to be done to achieve it. What if it's a defeat? What then? It is important to understand that in life there are many difficulties, obstacles on the way. To be able to overcome them, to strive for victory even after defeat - this is what distinguishes a strong personality. It’s scary not to fall, but not to get up later in order to move on with dignity. Fall and rise, make mistakes and learn from your mistakes, retreat and move on - this is the only way to strive to live on this earth. The main thing is to go forward towards your goal, and then victory will definitely become a reward.

8. The victory of the people during the war years is a sign of the unity of the nation, the unity of people who have a common destiny, traditions, history, and a single homeland.

9. How many great trials our people had to experience, with what kind of enemies they had to fight. Millions of people died during the Great Patriotic War, giving their lives for the Victory. They waited for her, dreamed about her, brought her closer.

10. What gave you the strength to endure? Of course, love. Love for the motherland, loved ones and loved ones.

11. The first months of the war - a series of continuous defeats. How hard it was to realize that the enemy was moving further and further along his native land, approaching Moscow. Defeats did not make people helpless, confused. On the contrary, they rallied the people, helped to understand how important it is to gather all the forces to repulse the enemy.

12. And how everyone together rejoiced at the first victories, the first salute, the first reports about the defeat of the enemy! The victory became the same for all, everyone contributed to it their share.

13. Man is born to win! Even the very fact of his birth is already a victory. We must strive to be a winner, the right person for our country, people, relatives and loved ones.

Quotes and epigraphs

The greatest victory is victory over yourself. (Cicero)

Man is not created to suffer defeat... Man can be destroyed, but he cannot be defeated. (Ernest Hemingway)

The joy of life is known through victories, the truth of life - through defeats. A. Koval.

The consciousness of an honestly sustained struggle is almost higher than the triumph of victory. (Turgenev)

Win and lose in the same sleigh ride. (Russian epil.)

Victory over the weak is like defeat. (Arabic sentence)

Where there is agreement, there is victory. (Latin seq.)

Be proud only of the victories you have won over yourself. (Tungsten)

You should not start a battle or a war unless you are sure that you will gain more in victory than you will lose in defeat. (Octavian August)

No victory will bring as much as one defeat can take away. (Gaius Julius Caesar)

Victory over fear gives us strength. (V. Hugo)

To never know defeat means never to fight. (Morihei Ueshiba)

No winner believes in chance. (Nietzsche)

Victory achieved by violence is tantamount to defeat, because it is short-term. (Mahatma Gandhi)

Nothing but a lost battle can match even half the sorrow of a battle won. (Arthur Wellesley)

The lack of generosity of the victor reduces by half the value and benefits of victory. (Giuseppe Mazzini)

The first step to victory is objectivity. (Tetcorax)

The victorious sleep sweeter than the vanquished. (Plutarch)

World literature offers many arguments for victory and defeat:

L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace" (Pierre Bezukhov, Nikolai Rostov);

F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment (Raskolnikov's act (the murder of Alena Ivanovna and Lizaveta) - victory or defeat?);

M. Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog" (Professor Preobrazhensky - won nature or lost to it?);

S. Aleksievich "War does not have a woman's face" (the price of victory in the Great Patriotic War is crippled lives, the fate of women)

I propose 10 arguments on the topic: “Victory and defeat”

1. A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit"

2. A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin"

3. M.Yu. Lermontov "Hero of our time"

4. N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls"

5. I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov"

6. L.N. Tolstoy "Sevastopol stories"

7. A.N. Tolstoy "Peter the Great"

8. E. Zamyatin "We"

9. A.A. Fadeev "Young Guard"

10. B.L. Vasiliev “The Dawns Here Are Quiet”

Essay examples:

There is nothing more courageous than victory over yourself.

What is victory? Why is the most important thing in life to win over yourself? It is on these questions that the saying of Erasmus of Rotterdam makes one think: “There is nothing more courageous than victory over oneself.”
I believe that victory is always success in the fight against something for something. To conquer oneself means to overcome oneself, one's fears and doubts, to overcome laziness and insecurity that prevent one from achieving any goal. The internal struggle is always more difficult, because a person must admit to himself his mistakes, as well as the fact that only he himself is the cause of failure. And this is not easy for a person, because it is easier to blame someone else than yourself. People often lose in this war because they lack willpower and courage. That is why the victory over oneself is considered the most courageous.
Many writers discussed the importance of victory in the fight against their vices and fears. For example, in his novel Oblomov, Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov shows us a hero who is unable to overcome his laziness, which caused his meaningless life. Ilya Ilyich Oblomov leads a sleepy and immobile lifestyle. Reading the novel, in this hero we see features that are characteristic of ourselves, namely: laziness. And so, when Ilya Ilyich meets Olga Ilyinskaya, at some point it seems to us that he will finally get rid of this vice. We celebrate the changes that have taken place with him. Oblomov gets up from his sofa, goes on dates, visits theaters, begins to take an interest in the problems of the neglected estate, but, unfortunately, the changes were short-lived. In the struggle with himself, with his laziness, Ilya Ilyich Oblomov loses. I believe that laziness is a vice of most people. After reading the novel, I concluded that if we were not lazy, many of us would reach high peaks. Each of us needs to fight laziness, defeating it will be a big step towards future success.
Another example confirming the words of Erasmus of Rotterdam about the importance of victory over oneself can be seen in the work of Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment". The main character Rodion Raskolnikov at the beginning of the novel is obsessed with an idea. According to his theory, all people are divided into two categories: "having the right" and "trembling creatures." The first are people who are able to transcend moral laws, strong personalities, and the second are weak and weak-willed people. To test the correctness of his theory, as well as to confirm that he is a "superman", Raskolnikov goes on a brutal murder, after which his whole life turns into hell. It turned out that he was no Napoleon. The hero is disappointed in himself, because he was able to kill, but “he didn’t cross over”. The realization of the fallacy of his inhuman theory comes after a long time, and then he finally understands that he does not want to be a "superman". So, Raskolnikov's defeat in front of his theory turned out to be his victory over himself. The hero in the fight against the evil that engulfed his mind wins. Raskolnikov retained the man in himself, embarked on the difficult path of repentance, which will lead him to purification.
Thus, any success in the struggle with oneself, with one's wrong judgments, vices and fears, is the most necessary and important victory. It makes us better, makes us move forward and improve ourselves.

№2. Victory is always welcome

Victory is always welcome. We are waiting for victory from early childhood, playing different games. Whatever the cost, we need to win. And the one who wins feels like the king of the situation. And someone is a loser, because he doesn’t run so fast or just the wrong chips fell out. Is it really necessary to win? Who can be considered the winner? Is victory always an indicator of true superiority.

In Anton Pavlovich Chekhov's comedy The Cherry Orchard, the confrontation between the old and the new is at the center of the conflict. The noble society, brought up on the ideals of the past, has stopped in its development, accustomed to getting everything without much difficulty, by right of birth, Ranevskaya and Gaev are helpless in the face of the need for action. They are paralyzed, unable to make decisions, to move. Their world is collapsing, flying into hell, and they are building rainbow-colored projectors, starting an unnecessary holiday in the house on the day the estate is auctioned. And then Lopakhin appears - a former serf, and now - the owner of a cherry orchard. Victory intoxicated him. At first he tries to hide his joy, but soon triumph overwhelms him and, no longer embarrassed, he laughs and literally shouts:

My God, Lord, my cherry orchard! Tell me that I'm drunk, out of my mind, that all this seems to me ...
Of course, the slavery of his grandfather and father may justify his behavior, but in the face, according to him, of his beloved Ranevskaya, this looks at least tactless. And here it is already difficult to stop him, like a real master of life, the winner he demands:

Hey, musicians, play, I want to listen to you! Everyone come and watch how Yermolai Lopakhin will hit the cherry orchard with an ax, how the trees will fall to the ground!
Maybe, from the point of view of progress, Lopakhin's victory is a step forward, but somehow it becomes sad after such victories. The garden is cut down without waiting for the departure of the former owners, Firs is forgotten in the boarded-up house... Does such a play have a morning?

In the story of Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin "Garnet Bracelet" the focus is on the fate of a young man who dared to fall in love with a woman not of his circle. G.S.Zh. long and devotedly loves Princess Vera. His gift - a garnet bracelet - immediately attracted the attention of a woman, because the stones suddenly lit up like “charming deep red live fires. "Just like blood!" Vera thought with unexpected anxiety. Unequal relationships are always fraught with serious consequences. Anxious forebodings did not deceive the princess. The need at all costs to put in place the presumptuous villain arises not so much for the husband as for Vera's brother. Appearing in the face of Zheltkov, representatives of high society a priori behave like winners. Zheltkov’s behavior strengthens them in his confidence: “his trembling hands ran around, fiddling with buttons, pinching his blond reddish mustache, touching his face needlessly.” The poor telegraph operator is crushed, confused, feels guilty. But as soon as Nikolai Nikolaevich recalls the authorities, to whom the defenders of the honor of his wife and sister wanted to turn, Zheltkov suddenly changes. No one has power over him, over his feelings, except for the object of adoration. No power can forbid to love a woman. And to suffer for the sake of love, to give one's life for it - this is the true victory of the great feeling that G.S.Zh. was lucky to experience. He leaves silently and confidently. His letter to Vera is a hymn to a great feeling, a triumphant song of Love! His death is his victory over the petty prejudices of pitiful nobles who feel themselves masters of life.

Victory, as it turns out, can be more dangerous and more disgusting than defeat if it violates eternal values ​​and distorts the moral foundations of life.

Probably, there are no people in the world who would not dream of victory. Every day we win small victories or suffer defeats. In an effort to succeed over yourself and your weaknesses, getting up in the morning thirty minutes earlier, doing sports, preparing lessons that are poorly given. Sometimes such victories become a step towards success, towards self-affirmation. But this is not always the case. Seeming victory turns into defeat, and defeat, in fact, is a victory.

In A.S. Griboyedov’s comedy “Woe from Wit”, the main character A.A. Chatsky, after a three-year absence, returns to the society in which he grew up. Everything is familiar to him, he has a categorical judgment about every representative of secular society. “Houses are new, but prejudices are old,” concludes a young, ardent man about the renewed Moscow. The Famus society adheres to the strict rules of Catherine's time:

“honor by father and son”, “be poor, but if there are two thousand family souls, that is the groom”, “the door is open for invited and uninvited, especially from foreign ones”, “it’s not that novelties are introduced - never”, "judges of everything, everywhere, there are no judges over them."

And only subservience, servility, hypocrisy rule over the minds and hearts of the "chosen" representatives of the top of the noble class. Chatsky with his views is out of place. In his opinion, “ranks are given by people, but people can be deceived”, it is low to seek patronage from those in power, it is necessary to achieve success with the mind, and not with servility. Famusov, barely hearing his reasoning, plugs his ears, shouting: "... on trial!" He considers young Chatsky a revolutionary, a "carbonari", a dangerous person, and when Skalozub appears, he asks not to express his thoughts aloud. And when the young man nevertheless begins to express his views, he quickly leaves, not wanting to be responsible for his judgments. However, the colonel turns out to be a narrow-minded person and catches only arguments about uniforms. In general, few people understand Chatsky at Famusov's ball: the owner himself, Sofia and Molchalin. But each of them makes their own verdict. Famusov would forbid such people to drive up to the capital for a shot, Sofya says that he is “not a man - a snake”, and Molchalin decides that Chatsky is just a loser. The final verdict of the Moscow world is madness! At the climax, when the hero delivers his keynote speech, no one in the audience listens to him. You can say that Chatsky is defeated, but it's not! I.A. Goncharov believes that the comedy hero is the winner, and one cannot but agree with him. The appearance of this man shook up the stagnant Famus society, destroyed Sophia's illusions, and shook Molchalin's position.

In I.S. Turgenev’s novel “Fathers and Sons”, two opponents collide in a heated argument: a representative of the younger generation, the nihilist Bazarov, and nobleman P.P. Kirsanov. One lived an idle life, spent the lion's share of the allotted time in love with a famous beauty, a socialite - Princess R. But, despite this lifestyle, he gained experience, experienced, probably, the most important feeling that overtook him, washed away everything superficial, knocked down arrogance and self-confidence. This feeling is love. Bazarov boldly judges everything, considering himself a "self-broken", a person who made his name only with his own work, mind. In a dispute with Kirsanov, he is categorical, harsh, but observes external propriety, but Pavel Petrovich cannot stand it and breaks down, indirectly calling Bazarov a "dummy":

...before they were just fools, and now they are suddenly nihilists.

Bazarov's external victory in this dispute, then in a duel, turns out to be a defeat in the main confrontation. Having met his first and only love, the young man is not able to survive the defeat, he does not want to admit the collapse, but he cannot do anything. Without love, without sweet eyes, such desired hands and lips, life is not needed. He becomes distracted, cannot concentrate, and no denial helps him in this confrontation. Yes, it seems that Bazarov won, because he is so stoically going to death, silently fighting the disease, but in fact he lost, because he lost everything for which it was worth living and creating.

Courage and determination in any struggle are essential. But sometimes you have to reject self-confidence, look around, re-read the classics, so as not to make a mistake in the right choice. After all, this is your life. And when defeating someone, think about whether this is a victory!

Topic"The greatest victory is victory over yourself" .
Literary works used in the argument:
- play by A.N. Ostrovsky " Thunderstorm";
- novel by I.A. Goncharova " Oblomov".

Introduction:

What is victory? It seems to me that this is success in battle, the achievement of what he aspired to. Victory is different. You can win a board game and an argument with a friend, a duel and a war, but, as he claims

In my opinion, victory over oneself begins with the recognition of one's own imperfections, one's shortcomings. Man is by nature a selfish creature, and it is sometimes easier for him to destroy another than to step over fear and false pride and admit that he was wrong.

To be defeated in the most difficult battle - the battle with oneself - means to destroy oneself, to lose one's essence. It is not always physical death, but an existence devoid of meaning and purpose can equate a person to a living dead.

Argument:

As an example, I would like to cite one controversial work by Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm". Katerina, a very pious, pure and kind girl, is married to an unloved man, Tikhon, and every day she suffers attacks from his mother, Kabanikhi. Having cheated on her husband once, the main character, unable to endure the pangs of conscience, publicly confesses her deed, and then, not seeing the point in further existence, throws herself off a cliff and dies. At first glance, one might think that the girl was defeated, but it seems to me that Katerina posthumously remained the winner. First of all, no one was able to break her soul, because, unfortunately, this was the only way to cope with the oppression of the Kabanikh. And the main character went for it. Katerina overcame herself too, because being a Christian she perfectly understood that suicide is a terrible sin, and not everyone is able to decide on such an act. But the girl won. She defeated herself, thereby defeating others. And her sacrifice was not in vain.

An example of complete defeat in the battle with oneself can be found in Goncharov's novel Oblomov. Ilya Ilyich Oblomov from childhood got used to a measured, quiet life. He was always surrounded by care and grew up as a dependent person. The hero's favorite pastime was aimlessly lying on the couch. When problems arose, Oblomov put off their solution again and again, waiting for outside help. Even love could not pull him out of the abyss of laziness. Ilya Ilyich was defeated in the most difficult battle of man. Until the end of his days, he lay on the couch in his favorite dressing gown. It seems to me that life is an eternal struggle with obstacles that come both from the outside and from the inside.

Conclusion:

Indeed, one can call a great man who has defeated not only his enemies, but also himself. There are few truly strong people, but they are distinguished by an indescribable will and desire to live.

1. M.Yu. Lermontov "Song about ... the merchant Kalashnikov"

The merchant Kalashnikov, standing up for the honor of his wife, goes to a fistfight with the guardsman Kiribeevich. He wins the battle, but dies at the hands of the executioner, because he refuses to tell the king about the reasons for his act. But Kalashnikov defended his wife's honor. And his death becomes a victory.

2. M.Yu. Lermontov "Mtsyri"

The protagonist flees from the monastery where he has been all his life, because he considers it a prison. Three days at large became for him the replacement of a lifetime. Meeting with people, fighting with a leopard, thunder and lightning, contemplation of the beauty of nature - this is life for him - demonic freedom. He dies, but, in his opinion, he wins.

3. A.N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm"

Katerina enters into combat with the "dark kingdom" and dies, as she cannot withstand the onslaught of hypocrisy and falsehood. Her protest becomes the first signal for confrontation with this kingdom. Her death is a victory over general indifference and obscurantism.

4. I.A. Bunin "Clean Monday"

The main character of the story is a girl living an idle life filled with bright events. She is little understood by her young man, because he does not know how to listen. And the girl is looking for a way out of such a life. And her sudden departure to the monastery very clearly demonstrates the great inner work of the soul. By this act, she proves the victory of a pure, sublime, divine principle over the mundane, base, carnal. With her departure to the monastery, she saves her soul and conquers all base things.

5. E.I. Zamyatin "We"

The protagonist of the novel, having experienced love for the first time in his life, becomes a conspirator. But his primitive swarm consciousness is incapable of making the right choice, he calmly puts himself at the mercy of the keepers in order to avoid having to choose. Watching the torture of his recently beloved, he dryly, logically reflects on the irrational behavior of the girl. The United State here and now is victorious over D-503 and I-330, over the entire Mephi, but this victory is akin to defeat.