Fundamentals of color science and coloring. Color circle

Lesson structure № Lesson course Time 1 Organizational moment 3 min. 2 Presentation of the topic and purpose of the lesson 5 min. 3 20 min. 4 Actualization of students' basic knowledge Presentation of the material 5 Consolidation of new knowledge 120 min. 6 Issuing homework 5 min. 60 min.

Learning objectives: n n n Educational: the formation of new concepts and processes. Educational: developing attention, observation and perseverance, accuracy of execution. Developing: development of skills in the selection of harmonious color combinations.

Lesson plan: 1. Color wheel. Kinds. 2. Color harmonies. Their types and methods of construction. 3. Assignments for harmonies.

Definitions Color is a sensation that occurs in the organ of vision when exposed to light, i.e. light + vision = color. Light is electromagnetic wave motion. The wavelengths of visible color are in the range from 380 N. m. to 760 n. m.

Chromatic colors are all spectral and many natural colors. Semi-chromatic colors are earth colors, i.e. colors are mixed with achromatic colors.

Warm and cold colors Warm: Red, Red-Orange, Yellow-Orange, Yellow. Green. Cold: Blue (Blue-Green), Blue, Blue-Violet, Violet. Hottest: Red-Orange. Coldest: Cyan (Blue-Green). Neutrals (Green and Purple).

Color characteristics n 1) Color tone. This is the quality of a color that allows you to compare it with one of the spectral or purple colors (except chromotic) and give it a name. n 2) Lightness. This is the degree to which a given color differs from black. n 3) Saturation. This is the degree of difference between a given chromatic color and an achromatic light flux that is uniform in energy saturation. It is also measured by the number of difference thresholds from color to gray. Replaced by the concept of purity. Purity is the proportion of pure spectral color in the total mixture of a given color, or it is the proportion of pure pigment in an ink mixture. Hue + Saturation = Chroma Achromatic colors have no hue or saturation.

Groups of color circles n physical (based on the 7-step color wheel of Newton) n physiological (based on the color wheel of the 6-step circle of Goethe).

Mikhail Vasilyevich Matyushin (1861 - 1934) - Russian artist, musician, art theorist, one of the leaders of the Russian avant-garde of the first half of the 20th century. During the work of M. V. Matyushin at GINKhUK (State University of Artistic Culture), the Zorved group conducted research in the field of the effect of color on the observer, as a result of which the shaping properties of color were discovered - that is, the influence of color shade on the perception of form by the observer. With prolonged observation, cold shades give the shape "angularity", the color is starry, warm shades, on the contrary, create a feeling of roundness of the shape, the color is rounded.

In 1926, Matyushin attempted to create a "Primer by Color" - a manual on harmonic combinations of shades, which was based on the doctrine of three colors. In 1923 Matyushin's "school" presented its works at the "Exhibition of Petrograd Artists of All Directions" under the motto "Zorved" (vision and knowledge). In 1930 another exhibition of works by Matyushin and his "school" was held in Leningrad. These exhibitions demonstrated outstanding achievements in developing a more subtle and holistic vision of the world in people.

Shugaev's circle The quantitative composition of flowers is as follows: 1 - pure yellow (100%); 2 - yellow-orange (83% yellow and 17% red); 3 - yellow-orange (66% yellow and 34% red); 4 - orange (50% yellow and 50 red); 5 - orange-red (34% yellow and 66 red); 6 - orange-red (17% yellow and 83 red); 7 - pure red, etc.

Color mixing. 1 Subjunctive mixing (or additive). - spatial. This is a combination in one space of differently colored light rays (monitors, theater ramps). - optical mixing. This is the formation of a total color in the human organ of vision, while in space the terms of the colors are separated (pointilistic painting). - temporary. This is a special kind of mixing. It can be observed when mixing the colors of discs placed on a special device "turntable" Maxwell. - binocular. This is the effect of multi-colored glasses (one lens of one color, the second of another). - 2) Subtractive mixing (or subtractive).

Color wheel by Johannes Itten. As we can see, it is based on three colors - red, yellow, green. Next come the second order colors - purple, orange and green. The remaining colors are formed by mixing the primary ones.

2. Mixing the primary colors in pairs in equal proportions, we get the colors of the 2nd order - orange, green, purple. yellow + red = orange, yellow + blue = green, red + blue = purple. It is very important to carefully mix the colors, aiming for an equal amount of each pigment in the pair: 50% red + 50% yellow, 50% blue + 50% red.

3. The third step is to get the colors of the 3rd order. These are colors obtained by mixing the parent color of the 1st order with the neighboring derivative of the 2nd order. yellow + orange = yellow-orange, red = orange = red-orange, red + purple = red-purple, blue + purple = blue-purple, blue + green = blue-green, yellow + green = yellow-green. We paint over the empty sectors with the received colors and get the correct color wheel, in which each color takes its place, and the sequence of colors corresponds to the rainbow!

Classic color combinations: n n n Complementary colors Classic triad Analog triad Contrasting triad Rectangular scheme Square scheme

Complementary Colors Complementary colors are colors that are on opposite sides of the color wheel. Their combination looks very lively and energetic, especially with maximum color saturation. Never use complimentary colors for text compositions.

The classical triad n The classical triad is formed by three colors equidistant on the color wheel. Such a composition looks quite lively even when using pale and desaturated colors. To achieve harmony in the triad, take one color as the main one, and use the other two for accents.

Analog triad n An analog color scheme is formed by three adjacent colors in a twelve-part color wheel. Used in soft, comfortable and non-irritating compositions. The analog circuit is most often found in nature, so it looks harmonious and pleasant. When using this scheme, it is probably worth choosing one color as the main one, the second one is supporting, and the third one is used for accentuation. You should also take care of sufficient contrast in the analog composition.

Contrasting triad n Contrasting triad - a variant of a complementary combination of colors, but instead of the opposite color, the colors adjacent to it are used. This scheme looks almost as contrasting, but not so tense. If you are not sure that you can use complementary colors correctly, use a contrasting triad.

Rectangular scheme n The rectangular scheme consists of four colors, each two of which are complementary. This scheme gives, perhaps, the largest number of variations of the colors included in it. In order to balance the rectangular scheme, one color must be chosen as dominant, the rest as auxiliary.

The modern color wheel looks like this: Oswald's color wheel It's easy to see that on this wheel we can see three primary colors - they look very independent. These are red, blue and green. These colors form the basis of the modern RGB color model.

Definitions n n Harmony -. comes from the Greek word, which means consonance, harmony, the opposite of chaos and is a philosophical and aesthetic category, meaning a high level of ordered diversity; the optimal interrelationship of the various in the composition of the whole, which meets the aesthetic criteria of perfection and beauty.

Color harmony is a combination of individual colors or color sets that form an organic whole and evoke an aesthetic experience.

Color harmony in painting is a certain combination of colors, taking into account all their basic characteristics, such as - color tone; - lightness; - saturation; - forms; - the dimensions occupied by these colors on the plane, their mutual arrangement in space, which leads to color unity and has the most favorable aesthetic effect on a person.

Signs of color harmony: 1) Communication and smoothness. 2) The unity of opposites, or contrast. Types of contrast: n by brightness (dark-light, black-white, etc.) n by saturation (pure and mixed), n by hue (additional or contrasting combinations). 3) Measure. 4) Proportionality, or the ratio of parts (objects or phenomena) to each other and to the whole. 5) Balance. . 6) Clarity and ease of perception. 7) Beautiful, striving for beauty. 8) Sublime, that is, the perfect combination of colors. 9) Organization, order and rationality.

Types of harmonic combinations according to Shugaev 1) combinations of related colors; n 2) combinations of related-contrasting colors; n 3) combinations of contrasting colors; n 4) combinations of colors that are neutral in relation to kinship and contrast. n

Color groups n n monochromatic color combinations; harmonic combinations of related colors; harmonic combinations of related contrasting colors; harmonic combinations of contrasting and complementary colors.

Related-contrasting harmonies Combinations of related-contrasting colors represent the most extensive type of color harmonies. In the system of color circles, related contrasting colors are located in adjacent quarters. These are warm yellow-red and yellow-green colors, cool blue-green and blue-red colors, warm yellow-green and cold blue-green colors, warm yellow-red and cold blue-red colors. In total there are four groups of related-contrasting colors.

Schemes of related-contrasting colors (based on a square and a rectangle) (along a chord) (along a right triangle) (along an equilateral triangle) (along an isosceles triangle)

Combinations of related-contrasting colors are combinations of related colors and contrasting pairs. They are brighter and provide more opportunities for creativity n Color combinations that are located in the color wheel at the ends of vertical and horizontal chords have a special harmony. This is explained by the fact that there is a double bond between such pairs of related-contrasting colors: they consist of the same amount of the unifying main color and the same amount of contrasting colors.

Harmonic combinations subdivide: n n n two pure related-contrasting colors, which are complemented by the colors of the shadow row of one of the combined colors; two pure related-contrasting colors, complemented by colors from both shadow rows; one is pure and the rest are from the shadow rows of related-contrasting colors. In this case, it is advisable to surround a pure color with the colors of the shadow row of a given color, and take the rest from the shadow row of a different color and place them at some distance. All related-contrasting colors are either darkened or whitened (harmony acquires a more restrained color, since the polar properties of colors are softened). We emphasize: only three, at least three colors allow us to fully judge the combinations and relationships of colors in the ornamental composition.

Color harmony can be formed by a combination of colors located at the vertices of an equilateral triangle inscribed in the color wheel. This triangle has one side parallel to the horizontal or vertical diameter; in the vertex opposite to the indicated side, there is a main color, contrasting and complementary to the main color that is part of a pair of related contrasting colors. In the color wheel we have four such equilateral triangles, in the system of five circles - 20. In each triad of colors, two related-contrasting colors are balanced by a double bond of unifying and contrasting primary colors. The third main color is better to darken or whiten.

Another type of harmonic combinations of three colors: two related-contrasting colors and a third color - the main one - combines the first two colors. Constructed using isosceles triangles. To give greater harmony to the combination of colors of this triad, you can reduce the amount of a pure main color by darkening or highlighting it.

Another type of harmonic triads is formed by colors located at the vertices of right-angled triangles, provided that two legs connect pairs of related contrasting colors (the legs are parallel to the horizontal and vertical diameters of the color wheel). In each of the triangles, the color that is located at the vertex opposite the hypotenuse is related-contrasting in relation to the other two colors, and the latter, in turn, are interconnected by contrast relationships. In total, four such triangles can be built in one color wheel, and 20 in a system of five circles.

Color circle is a diagram showing how the colors of the visible spectrum are related to each other. There are many such schemes in color theory. first model color wheel suggested by Isaac Newton. It consisted of seven sectors - as you might guess, these were 7 colors of the rainbow. Actually, Newton singled out these colors of the spectrum as the main ones.

The idea of ​​the continuity of color turned out to be very valuable, on color wheel you can clearly see how one color smoothly transitions into another.

As you can see, in color wheel there are no black and white, that is, achromatic colors, which, strictly speaking, are not colors. This is an interaction model.

Now most often artists and designers use Itten color wheel:

The model is based on 3 primary colors: red, yellow and blue. These colors are sufficient to obtain all other colors of the spectrum. Intermediate colors will be orange, green and purple.

The 12-step color wheel is convenient for selecting harmonious color combinations from 2, 3 or 4 colors.

How to choose harmonious colors using the color wheel:

Combinations of 2 colors:

Complimentary colors - located at the ends of the diameter of the circle.

Extremely distant couple.

Combinations of 3 colors:

The classic triad - the colors are located at the vertices of a regular triangle inscribed in the color wheel.

A similar triad - 3 colors closest to each other.

Contrasting triad.

Combinations of 4 colors:

In this scheme, each pair of colors will be complementary.

When using these schemes, you need to consider the amount of color. The easiest option is to take one color as a base, and use the rest as additional ones, as accents. You can also change - that is, dilute the original color with white. In general, there are a lot of options.

It must be said that itten circle will be correct only in the case of physical mixing of colors - in painting, printing or industry. When mixing light rays, the primary colors will be red, blue and green(RGB). I will write about different color mixing options later.

The circle is not the only geometric model of the spectrum. Various color schemes can be applied to triangles, prisms, even a star. Now square schemes are often used - they combine 2 models for obtaining color: CMYK and RGB. That is, the primary colors will be red , yellow , green and blue. Compare:

And finally, schemes are not an iron rule, you can use them, or you may not even know about their existence and rely only on your own taste. Nevertheless, the perception of color is a deeply individual thing, and the same color can seem completely different, depending on where and how it is used.

If you want to learn more about color, you can read:
The art of color | Johannes Itten - this book was and remains one of the best books on color.

Lesson #1 Subject: Color wheel. Color relationships. The date ______________

Teaching and educational goals and objectives:

Educational: Acquaintance with a new method of working with watercolor - glazing. Implementation of the acquired knowledge in practical application. Formation and development of skills and abilities to work with watercolors.

Developing: Development of imagination and artistic taste of students.

Educational: education of the creative taste of students.

Lesson type: learning a new topic

Type of lesson: decorative drawing

Methods: story, conversation.

Equipment, visual materials: color wheel table;

illustration depicting a rainbow, watercolor.

Lesson structure:

Organizing time.

Psychological mood.

Communication of new educational material.

physical minute

Practical work.

Analysis of the work performed.

Summing up the lesson.

Homework assignment.

During the classes:

Organizing time

Psychological mood.

I am glad to see your faces, your smiles, and I think that this day will bring you joy, communication with each other. Sit comfortably, close your eyes and repeat after me:

“I am at school, I am in class. I rejoice in this. My attention is growing. I, as a scout, will notice everything. My memory is strong. The head thinks clearly. I want to learn. I'm ready to go.I'm working

Learning new material.

1. Color classification

   Chromatic colors

   Color circle

   Warm colors. Cold colors.

   Absolute, contrasting, approximate colors.

Guess the riddle: Did the painted rocker hang over the river? Of course it's a rainbow. And here's another riddle: Someone built a multi-colored gate On the moon, But it's not easy to get through, Those gates are high.

That master tried, He took the paints for the gate Not one, not two, not three- As many as seven, you look. What is the name of these gates? Can you draw them?

What colors does the rainbow consist of (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet)

To remember the order of the colors in the rainbow, you need to remember the saying: Everyone (red) Hunter (orange) Wants (yellow) Know (green) Where (blue) Sitting (blue) Pheasant (purple).

There is a classification of colors: achromatic colors(from Greek α - negative particle + χρώμα - color, that is, colorless) Black, white and all shades of gray. Chromatic colors(Chroma, chromatos) - translated from Greek "color".

Chromatic colors, in turn, are divided into primary and secondary. Primary colors: yellow, blue, red. They are called basic because they cannot be obtained by mixing paints. Composite colors: orange, green, purple. Can be obtained by mixing two or more colors.

Yellow + Red = Orange Blue + Red = Purple Yellow + Blue = Green

The color wheel consists of six colors, three primary and three composite. (Name them)

There are also warm colors. Red, orange, yellow and mixtures thereof. It is the color of the sun, fire, heat. On the color wheel, they stick together. And Cold colors. Cold colors are the colors of the moon, twilight, winter, frost. These are blue, cyan, violet and their mixtures.

Exist absolute colors: orange and blue. Contrasting colors- opposite. They emphasize and enhance the brightness of each other. Red-green, orange-blue, yellow-violet. Approximate colors- those that are nearby in the spectrum, and their mixtures and shades

Fizminutka.

Practical work.

Today you will get acquainted with a new watercolor technique called glazing. Glazing is performed by applying a transparent layer of paint over a dried paint layer.

The sequence of the exercise:

Fill half of the circle with yellow paint. (1, 2, 3 part)

Allow the first layer of paint to dry and pour red over the dry layer (3, 4, 5 parts). In this case, the yellow color in 3 parts should turn into orange.

After the next layer dries, 5, 6, 1 parts are filled in blue. In this case, in 1 part it turns out green, and in 5 parts - purple.

Analysis of the work performed.

In the process of independent work of students, the teacher makes the necessary additional explanations. Errors are identified and corrected. The attention of students is focused on the need to do the work carefully, choosing the right colors.

Summing up the lesson.

Demonstration and analysis of the most successful works.

Summing up the lesson, grading.

Homework assignment.

Repeat the exercise in another, previously familiar way - by pouring.

First, the primary colors are poured (1 part - red, 3 part - yellow, 5 part - blue).

Composite colors are obtained on a palette by mixing paints (yellow + red = orange, yellow + blue = green, red + blue = purple).

COLOR CIRCLE

Type of occupation: painting, studying the basics of color science.

Targets and goals : studying the basics of color science, determining the level of preparation of children; development of graphic skills, expansion of knowledge about the various possibilities of artistic materials.

Equipment: for students - watercolor, gouache, paper, brushes, palette;for the teacher - the same, methodical tables.

Literary series: poems about flowers (picturesque), about the rainbow.

visual range: methodical tables: "Color wheel", "Full color wheel", "Warm and cold colors", "Contrasting colors", "Contiguous colors". Selections of shades of different color combinations.

During the classes

I. Organization of the class. Check readiness for the lesson.

II. Conversation. Introduction to the topic of the lesson.

– Let's guess the riddles and read the poems first.

Painted rocker

hung over the river.(Rainbow.)

colorful gate

Someone built in the meadow

But it's not easy to get through

Those gates are high.

The master tried

He took paint for the gate

Not one, not two, not three

As many as seven, you look.

What is the name of this gate?

Can you draw them?(Rainbow.)

– And here is a little poem:

Not in a dream, but in reality -

What is it here? -

I live on the rainbow

In the purple house.

I run out in the morning

In beige boots

Eat in the lilac forest

Scarlet cloudberry.

Dew falls from the leaves

In the dark blue thicket,

Eagle owl yellow eyes

Stares at me.

Where the nightingales whistle

In the back streets of the forest,

Creeks make their way

To pink lakes

Waving squirrel behind a bush

purple tail,

Whitefish swim

Under the cherry bridge.

I live on the rainbow

Come to visit.

T. Belozerova

– How many flowers do you know? 5, 10, 15, 100? Try to name as many as you can remember. You should end up with at least 6 colors. Exactly as much as is contained in the minimum set of paints and pencils: red, yellow, blue, green, brown, black. Colors are made from paints. By mixing paints, you can get much more than 6 colors.

– Where do we mix? What can serve as a palette?

There are many colors and shades in nature. Much more than the human eye can see. And to make it easier to navigate them, people came up withcolor classification .

Chromatic and achromatic colors.

"Chroma, chromatos" - translated from Greek "color".

Achromatic - not colored, it is white, black and all gray.

Chromatic - all the rest, which in turn are divided into primary and secondary colors.

Three colors are peculiar progenitors of all colors: red, yellow and blue. It is for this that they were called the main ones, since they lieat the core all other colors (except achromatic). Pairwise mixing of primary colors gives us a group of colors calledconstituent .

Let's mix:

red + yellow = orange

red + blue = purple

blue + yellow = green

If you were attentive, you probably noticed that the resulting 6 colors are the colors of the rainbow. Do you know the proverb with which to remember the composition and order of colors?

Eachred

HunterOrange

wishesyellow

Know,green

Whereblue

Sitsblue

Pheasantviolet

Blue is not a composite color, as it is obtained not by mixing the primary colors, but by mixing the primary (blue) with white. In this series, the secondary colors alternate with the primary ones. For convenience, this strip can be closed in the form of a ring.

III. Exercise.

Take a compass and draw a large circle on a piece of paper. Let's divide it into six (or 9) equal parts.

a) b)

Now let's take 3 primary colors (in turn) and cover with them a part of the circle (slice) through one (or two) in the following order:

– red

– yellow

– blue.

Leave gaps for compound colors.

a) b)

Do not take the paint too thick. The paints should lay down evenly, with strokes from left to right in horizontal lines, preferably with a brush No. 5–8 with a sharp tip. There should be enough paint so that it does not dry out, but not too much, otherwise it will flow down. Excess paint is removed with a brush, after squeezing it out.

Composite colors are obtained on the palette using the primary colors with which we have already worked.

In circle a) one orange, green, purple each, which are obtained by mixing an equal amount of the main ones. We paint the gaps.

In circle b) there are 2 shades of composite, with a preponderance of the amount of one primary color (red-orange and yellow-orange, blue-green and yellow-green, red-violet and blue-violet). We paint the gaps. If you've been careful and not in a hurry, you should end up with the right color wheel.

a) b)

IV. Warm and cold colors.

Take a look at the color wheel, and you can easily determine where warm and where cold colors are.

warm consider red, orange, yellow and their mixtures. These are the colors of the sun, fire, heat. On the color wheel, they stick together.

Cold - the colors of the moon, twilight, winter, frost. These are blue, purple and their mixtures.

And green is a special color: if there is more yellow in it, it is warm, if blue, it is cold.

Red and blue are absolute colors for coldness and warmth. It is no coincidence that they are in the spectrum (circle) opposite each other, like the poles of a globe.

Contrasting colors - opposite, they emphasize and enhance the brightness of each other.

Red Green

blue - orange

yellow - purple

Approximate colors - those that are nearby in the spectrum, and their mixtures and shades.

An exercise: Paint the color circle with watercolors, starting with the main, red color to the right.

Think about the secondary colors you get from mixing red and yellow, yellow and blue, red and blue. With the new colors obtained, color the composite colors in a certain order. Color the squares with contrasting colors, taking into account the colors indicated by the arrows in the circle.

V. Summing up.

Completed (best) work is fixed on the blackboard.

Homework at the discretion of the teacher.

Teacher of additional education

Zarechenskaya O.A. (MBOU DOD "DUTS")

Theme: "Color wheel".

Type of occupation: painting, studying the basics of color science.

Targets and goals : development of graphic skills, expansion of knowledge about the various possibilities of artistic materials; studying the basics of color science, determining the level of preparation of children.

Equipment: watercolor, gouache, paper, brushes, palette.

Literary series:poems about flowers, about the rainbow.

visual range : methodical tables: "Color wheel", "Warm and cold colors", "Contrasting colors", "Contiguous colors", selections of shades of different color combinations.

Lesson progress:

1. Organizational moment.Checking readiness for the lesson.

2. Conversation. Introduction to the topic.

Guessing riddles and reading a poem.

Painted rocker

It hung over the river.

(rainbow)

colorful gate

Someone built on the moon

But it's not easy to get through.

Those gates are high.

The master tried

He took paint for the gate

Not one, not two, not three

As many as seven, you look.

What is the name of the gate?

Can you draw them?

(rainbow)

Not in a dream, but in reality

What is it here?

I live on a rainbow in a purple house.

I run out in the morning

In beige boots

Eat in the lilac forest

Scarlet cloudberry.

Dew comes from the leaves

In the dark blue thicket,

Eagle owl yellow eyes

Stares at me.

Where the nightingales whistle

In the back streets of the forest,

Creeks make their way

To pink lakes

Waving squirrel behind a bush

purple tail,

Whitefish swim

Under the cherry bridge.

I live on the rainbow

Come to visit.

T. Belozerova.

How many flowers do you know? 5,10,15, 100? Try to name as many as you can remember. You should end up with at least 6 colors. Exactly

as much as is contained in the minimum set of paints and pencils: red, yellow, blue, green, brown, black. Colors are made from paints. By mixing paints, you can get many more colors than 6.

-Where do we mix? What can serve as a palette?

There are many colors and shades in nature. Much more than the human eye can see. And to make it easier to navigate them, people came up withcolor classification.

Chromatic and achromatic colors.

"Chroma, chromatos" - translated from Greek "color".

Achromatic - not colored, it's white, black, gray.

Chromatic - all the rest, which in turn are divided into primary and secondary colors.

Three colors are peculiar progenitors of all colors: red, yellow and blue. That's what they were named for. basic, since they underlie all other colors (except achromatic).

Pairwise mixing of primary colors gives us a group of colors called composite .

We mix:

Red + yellow = orange

Red + blue = purple

Blue + yellow = green

If you were careful, you probably noticed that the resulting 6 colors are the colors of the rainbow. Do you know the proverb with which to remember the composition and order of colors?

Every red

Hunter orange

Wish yellow

know green

Where is blue

Sitting blue

Pheasant purple

Blue is not a composite color, as it is obtained not by mixing the primary colors, but by mixing the primary (blue) with white. In this series, the secondary colors alternate with the primary ones. For convenience, this strip can be closed in the form of a ring.

3. Practical part.

Exercise. Take a compass and draw a large circle on a piece of paper.

Divide it into six or nine equal parts.

a) b)

Now let's take the three primary colors in turn and cover them with a part of the circle (slice) through one (or two) in the following order:

Red, yellow, blue.

Leave gaps for compound colors.

a) b)

Do not take the paint too thick. The paints should lay down evenly, with strokes from left to right in horizontal lines, preferably with a brush No. 5-8 with a sharp tip. There should be enough paint so that it does not dry out, but not too much, otherwise it will flow down. Excess paint is removed with a brush, after squeezing it out.

Composite colors are obtained on the palette, using those primary colors, with

who have already worked.

In circle a) one orange, green, purple each, which are obtained by mixing an equal amount of the main ones. We paint the gaps.

in a circle b) two shades of composite, with a preponderance of the amount of one primary color (red-orange and yellow-orange, blue-green and yellow-green, red-violet and blue-violet). We paint the gaps.

If you are careful and not in a hurry, you will get the right color wheel.

4. Warm and cold colors.

Take a look at the color wheel, and you can easily determine where warm and where cold colors are.

warm consider red, orange, yellow and their mixtures. These are the colors of the sun, fire, heat. On the color wheel, they stick together.

Cold colors blue, violet and their mixtures. These are the colors of the moon, twilight, winter, frost.

And the green color is special: if more yellow prevails in it, it is warm, if more blue, then it is cold.

Red and blue are absolute colors for coldness and warmth. It is no coincidence that they are in the spectrum (circle) opposite each other, like the poles of a globe.

Contrasting colors -opposite, they emphasize and enhance the brightness of each other.

Red Green

Blue - orange

Yellow - purple

Convergent colors - those that are nearby in the spectrum, and their mixtures and shades.

An exercise: paint the color circle with watercolors, starting with the main, red color to the right.

What are the secondary colors obtained by mixing red and yellow, yellow and blue, red and blue paints. With the new colors obtained, color the composite colors in a certain order. Color the squares with contrasting colors, taking into account the colors indicated by the arrows in the circle.

red blue yellow

5. Summing up.

Selection of completed (best) works.

6. Reflection.

"I found out…"