Autumn still life in pencil. Drawing course with colored pencils

Master - class on drawing a still life for children 5-8 years old "August - asters"

Guseva Irina Alexandrovna, primary school teacher, MBOU "Gymnasium named after. I. Selvinsky, Evpatoria, Crimea

Master class for children 5-8 years old, teachers, parents.
The master class will be useful in the work of kindergarten teachers, teachers and parents, and will also give a little imagination to creative people.
Purpose: to cheer up, design stands, decoration for the interior.
Target: creating a bright picture in an unusual way
Tasks:
- introduce non-traditional techniques in the visual arts;
- to form an interest and a positive attitude towards drawing
- to develop creative abilities in children in building a composition;
- develop fine motor skills of the hands,
- cultivate love for nature, flowers;
- educate independence, accuracy, curiosity.

... Colorful hats bloom,
Like a fireworks display.
One hundred shades and varieties
These joyful colors: Pink, red -
The most beautiful!(T. Lavrova)

Astra with its straight petals
Since ancient times, it has been called a "star".
That's what you would call it yourself.
In it, the petals scattered in rays
From the core completely golden.(Vsevolod Rozhdestvensky)

Legend of the aster

Astra means "star" in Greek.
An ancient legend says that the aster grew from a speck of dust that fell from a star. Already in ancient Greece, people were familiar with the constellation Virgo - the goddess of love Aphrodite. According to ancient Greek myth, the aster arose from cosmic dust when the Virgin looked from the sky and wept.
There is a belief that if you stand among the asters at night and listen carefully, you can hear a slight whisper: these asters are having an endless conversation with their sister stars.
In China, asters symbolize beauty, precision, elegance, charm and modesty.
For Hungarians, this flower is associated with autumn, which is why in Hungary the aster is called the “autumn rose”. In ancient times, people believed that if a few aster leaves were thrown into a fire, the smoke from this fire could drive out snakes.
Astra is considered a gift to man from the gods - a particle of a distant star.

Necessary materials:
- landscape sheet (A4),
- gouache
- a glass of water;
- a simple pencil;
- brushes of different sizes;
- disposable fork.

Progress.

1. We start by building a composition. With a simple pencil, we make a sketch of the future still life. Draw a vase (in the form of an inverted trapezoid)

2. Ovals are our future flowers.

3. With a thick brush, fill the vertical and horizontal surfaces with color. Shades are better to choose light. We will try not to paint over the future vase and flowers. But at the same time, you should not leave clear contours of the vase and flowers.

4. We begin to draw greenery. We try to lead the brush from the upper base of the vase upwards.

5. Add another shade of green. It can be lighter or darker (at your discretion)

6. Now draw thin blades of grass

7. We decorate the vase in light shades.

8. In the middle of the future flower we put a drop of lilac gouache. The drop must be large.

9. Add more ruby.

10. Maybe a little red.
You can combine any other paint colors.
One hundred shades and varieties
These joyful flowers:
Pink, red
The most beautiful!

11. Now take a fork and gently stretch the paint from the center to the edges of the future flower.

12. This is the flower you get.

13. We will continue to perform other flowers in the same technique. Then add the yellow centers of the flower.

14. Add more greens and various branches
We frame the work

Creative success and sunny mood!

Still life is a genre of fine art in which the artist captures objects of inanimate nature. Translated from French, this is what it sounds like: “dead nature”. More accurate, however, is the English phrase still life, which translates as "still life."

The beauty of the genre

Still life art originated as a genre in the 17th century in Holland. Depicting ordinary objects, the artists sought to express their plasticity, and even poetry. Throughout the history of painting, masters freely experiment with the form, color, texture of things, compositional solutions in the execution of the drawing.

Perform in stages - for novice artists, the task is not so difficult. The main thing is to choose the right composition and see it in a spatial perspective. This small lesson will help to realize the indicated attempt.

How to draw a still life with a pencil

Let's take a step-by-step look at how to start work, how not to make a mistake with the arrangement of objects in the space of the picture and correctly depict light and shadow. The very first thing to do is to select objects for the still life. You should not start drawing too complex objects, it is better to take the most ordinary things with geometrically understandable shapes for drawing: a cup, fruit, box. You can use photographs, but it is preferable to pay attention to nature, because only with it you will have more opportunity to examine objects in detail and clarify the details. As you master the art of still life, you will be able to complicate the forms and compositions.

Let's take care of the lighting

Before drawing a still life with a pencil, we will gradually place objects next to each other, not forgetting about the light source. Objects can be located at some distance, but it will be more interesting if they slightly overlap each other's edges. The stream of light from the lamp will allow you to more expressively accentuate the contrast of shades and highlights. Better if it falls sideways. Relying not on artificial, but on sunlight, it is necessary to remember that the luminary does not stand still, so the angles of light and shadow will change.

Let's start drawing

Before drawing a still life, we will gradually mark the locations of objects with a pencil, how their edges and lines intersect mutually. Let's refine the plane on which the objects lie with a horizontal line behind the composition that delimits the table and the wall. Let's outline the perspective: in order to depict objects in three-dimensional space, we will remember that they cannot be drawn on the same line. The sizes of objects that are closer to us will be depicted larger than those that are further away.

We make a sketch with light sliding lines. In order not to be mistaken with the proportions of objects, mentally imagine the central axis for each of them. You can depict it on a sheet on which we draw a still life with a pencil. Step by step, we will sketch the geometric shape underlying each object, and from it we will create the object itself. The apple and the cup will be based on circles, the boxes are made of parallelepipeds, the sugar bowl is based on a square, and its lid is an oval.

Once the shapes are defined, we will begin to refine the objects with neat and confident lines. With the help of an eraser, get rid of the initial strokes.

Final Steps

How to draw a still life with a pencil, gradually creating the volume of objects? Here the main role is played by shadows and highlights. Let's copy them from nature, shading the darker parts of the objects more densely. It is also important to pay attention to where in the composition the darkening is more concentrated, how and where objects cast shadows on another object and on the plane.

We will bring the finished sketch to perfection, correcting the details of the drawing, sealing the shadows and texture of objects with strokes.

Did you know that the process of drawing not only brings up a sense of beauty in a person, but also helps to cope with stressful situations, calming the nerves and giving birth to peace in the soul? In view of this, it is recommended to devote at least a little of your free time to this lesson. Let's learn how to draw a still life with fruit with a pencil.

General information

To learn how to depict a still life with fruit, you must first understand what the term itself means. In addition, you need to know what attributes a future artist should prepare to create his own masterpiece. A painting depicting inanimate objects (it doesn’t matter, one or more) is called a still life. Translated from French, this term sounds like "dead nature". Depending on the flight of fancy, flowers, household items, fruits and vegetables can be used in the paintings. In a still life, there is often such an element as fabric (of any color and texture).

Required Attributes

To cope with the upcoming work and master all the nuances, you need to prepare the necessary tools in advance. You will need:

A sheet of paper or canvas (it all depends on what size you want to create your first masterpiece);

Simple pencil;

Fabric and items that you will use as nature;

Good lighting.

If you are going to paint a picture, then, above all, you must decide what type of paint you will use (watercolor or oil) and, in accordance with this, choose brushes and a palette. And, of course, don't forget the water.

Graphics technique

In order for your picture to turn out to be the most similar to the selected composition, you must first master the technique. You should learn to convey highlights, shadows and texture. A still life with fruit in pencil begins to be created from a sketch. It is shown on a separate sheet. Here they simply fix the arrangement of objects, without drawing them completely. When the sketch is ready, you can begin to depict the elements on the main canvas. While drawing, do not press too hard on the pencil. Otherwise, when you delete an incorrectly drawn line, traces will remain on the paper. When creating the outlines of objects, you should not draw every line, apply a sketch with chaotic movements. You should be aware that artists use pencils of different softness for individual lines. During the imaging process, the set allows you to create various effects on paper. That is why, if you want to do everything right and depict a beautiful still life with fruits, approach the choice of "tool" with great responsibility.

Create a sketch

As everyone understands, in order to start working, you first need to create a composition. You must decide on the main background of your painting, as well as what elements will be present in it - whether you will depict one object or decide to use several. For example, you can paint a still life with fruits and vegetables, or diversify your picture with a bouquet. As a background, it is desirable to use plain fabrics. Next, on the drawing paper, determine the center of the composition and sketch out a sketch of the future picture. The first thing to draw is simple elements: an oval or a circle. For example, an ordinary apple is depicted using a circle; details in the form of small balls are used to sketch grapes. The main thing is to make sure that the objects are located in their places, that is, observe proportionality.

Depicting objects

When you managed to correctly position all the objects on the sheet, it's time to move on to drawing them. To do this, enter fruits into the figures shown using clearer lines. Make clear all the details, contours and remove auxiliary lines. To create the right image, do not forget to place the shadows correctly with a pencil. This action is performed using hatching, initially darkening the darkest places with a gradual transition to lighter ones. Shadows are drawn with an extremely sharp pencil when applied layer by layer. The final step is to check the image of all objects, special attention should be paid to the tone layout.

Still life with fruit - step by step

Let's learn how to create a painting using the example of an orange, grapes and kiwi. For this purpose, it is better to use real items, so purchase them in advance. Believe me, for the acquisition of skills and training, it is better to draw from nature. To make it easier for you to create your first masterpiece, strictly follow our instructions.

Drawing details

First, we outline the location of the fruit on paper. To depict the halves of a kiwi and an orange, you should draw slanted lines and only after that draw ovals. Now you can proceed to the direct drawing of fruits. Let's start with the orange. To do this, we divide its sketch with the help of an auxiliary line into two parts. After that, in each half we draw slices, depicting them as triangular sectors.

The area where the grapes should be located is filled with circles, and for kiwi we draw only the core. It is advisable to start hatching a sketch with grapes. To do this, using the softest pencil (8 "M"), draw each circle in a circular motion. Please note that the lightest place in the grapes should be the middle, as well as the edges. This is done so that the berries do not merge with each other. Now let's move on to drawing an orange. To begin with, we shade the peel. To do this, with the help of a pencil "T" we will impose hatching in the shape of a fruit. Then we will apply spots and dots. This is done with a "TM" pencil. So you can convey the texture of the orange.

Draw fruit slices with a "T" pencil. At the same time, we move from the center to the edges. To more accurately convey the image of the fruit, we draw "feathers" with a "TM" pencil. To make the drawing more similar to the original, use an eraser to make the corners more rounded and wipe a small circle in the center. It's time to portray kiwi. For this purpose, with a "TM" pencil, we apply strokes to its surface (without pressure). And to give the fruit more realism, we will make small lines on the surface with stronger pressure. Now let's draw the core. In the center of the kiwi with a "TM" pencil, draw rays (several layers). So we will convey the texture of a real fruit. With a soft pencil we draw the seeds, then with the help of an eraser we make the middle lighter.

grape leaf

If you have free space left on the working field, you can add an element such as a grape leaf to the still life. To do this, we depict the shape of the sheet in the form of a spatula. After that, we will create veins that must necessarily come out of one point (this is a characteristic feature of a grape leaf). We make a more accurate sketch of the shape of the sheet. Now you can add smaller branches to the veins and create the corners of this element. Let's start shading. With a pencil "T" from the point of convergence of the veins, draw dashed lines to the ends of the element. Next, let's add volume.

To do this, apply an additional layer with a "TM" pencil. But you need to do it only at the edges and the top of the sheet. The final stage of drawing includes the application of shadows and a clearer image of the veins of the leaf. Your painting is ready. Many people think that drawing a still life with fruit is much easier than drawing, for example, a still life with a bouquet. In principle, there is no big difference between these pictures. When creating both of these drawings, it is necessary to depict every detail. The only difference is that still lifes with fruits and flowers have more elements.

1 fig. So, in this master class, you will change your attitude to colored pencils altogether! Colored pencils are a very convenient material to use, because you can have a very large number of shades at your disposal, including those that appear by superimposing colors on top of each other. But when using pencils, you need to know their features, for example, you should not put pressure on the pencil at the beginning of the work, otherwise you won’t erase or cover it with a different color. With this material it is necessary to use the principle - from light to dark. But first, let's arrange the still life. Let's start with the horizon line. Then, using a line of geometric shapes, we outline the approximate shape of our composition objects. Let's start with the dish.

2 fig. You are great! And now it is important for us to build a dish for fruits of the correct shape. We find the central axis, it should be straight and even, on it we find a point at the level of the supposed neck of the dish and draw a horizontal line through the point, we do the same at the base of the dish's legs. Very well! We take a ruler and measure equal parts from the axis horizontally. Making ellipses and connecting lines. See drawing. Erase the auxiliary lines and circle the dish.

3 fig. Find the direction of the fruit using the diagonal axis and refine the shapes and details of the apple, pear and plum. And start drawing grapes with a brush, after it in shape, adding oval grapes from top to bottom, some of them overlap each other for realism. Draw ponytails.

4 fig. Before you start working with color, let me remind you that this is not a coloring book and you should apply a stroke, not paint! At this stage, the pencils must be pressed halfway. It is necessary to hatch only according to the shape of the object. We take pencils and apply the main shades of objects, look at the picture.

5 fig. At this stage, you must add density to the still life objects by introducing new shades. Your stroke now matters more, as it is important to make the still life more real. We need to deepen the shadows using blue, purple, green and brown. Show the drop shadow from the objects and the table with strokes. Work on the details.

Still life- an excellent choice for learning the basics of drawing and painting. There are several important rules that will tell you how to draw a still life. These rules are simple, and quite feasible, but few write or talk about them. Experienced artists use these rules intuitively. Beginners - guess and rejoice at a successfully created picture, or vice versa - worry because of a bad experience in creating a simple plot.

The following tips will help you create a variety of harmonious still lifes, in almost any technique, and avoid annoying mistakes.

How to Draw a Still Life Rules for Beginners

Naturally, still lifes are very different, they carry different goals and perform them in a variety of styles. Today we will talk about the basic rules for depicting inanimate objects on canvas or paper.

To create a harmonious picture, you need to know at least the basics of composition and color.

Painting technique A la prima

What should a beginner do who wants to create something beautiful with his own hands right now? Will you delve into reading books on painting and drawing?

It will be enough for you to know a few important rules in order not to make mistakes and get an excellent result.

Location of items

A still life always looks more beautiful, harmonious and interesting, voluminous:

• Well and combine these two types of arrangement: overlap and distance.

Examples of item placement

All objects overlap each other, or are located at a great distance from one another.

Vector illustration. Here, too, all objects intersect, overlap, or are located at a great distance.

Boring and boring arrangement of objects

Even rectangles can be arranged in interesting ways.

Composition with rectangles

When you place one object after another, overlapping part of it, you thereby create a certain depth in your work. The more forms intersect, the more “deep and voluminous” your still life will seem.

Space

If you are just drawing a vase of flowers, and it seems there is nothing to cover, think about it!

• Perhaps some leaf fell in front of the vase, or maybe a flower, maybe you should lay a napkin or tablecloth, or maybe scatter berries on the table.

For example, the work of Alexander Sergeev:

In the foreground are leaves and a flower. These, at first glance, insignificant elements lead the viewer's eye from the very front edge of the plan, first to the fallen flower, then to the glass with the vase, creating space, making the work more interesting.

Colouristics

In creating a still life, it is important simply not to overdo it with the number of colors used.

2-3 color rule

Choose 2-3 primary colors, you can safely use shades close to them and do not worry that you will have problems with the color. I usually use 2 primary colors- and a little bit of extra paint.

Examples of colors

Here I used only yellow-orange (warm) and blue (cold) shades. Green optional.

"Boots" by Van Gogh. Two colors predominate here too.

Here, green and white clearly dominate, complemented by strokes of blue and pink.

Still life with fish. The main shades are red-brown (warm), and blue (cold).

The rule of 2-3 colors is not always possible. Frequent heroes of still lifes - flowers or fruits come in a variety of colors and shades. In such cases, you should use the following advice: The picture should not have all the colors equally

Color ratio

Even in a colorful picture there are one or two dominant colors.

For example, if you have flowers in red, blue, white and yellow, plus green foliage. Some flowers and colors should prevail, the rest should be in the minority.

Here are some examples:

Painting by A. Sergeev. The bouquet is dominated by white and red flowers. Blue, green, yellow are optional.

Still life by Vincent van Gogh. Red poppies dominate.

We highlight the main

Having a certain idea, drawing a still life from nature or according to the idea (from the head), you must:

• highlight what is the main thing in this plot, what subject dominates?

This rule is not always used, but your work will benefit from its application.

Ask yourself the question: on what subject would you like to keep the focus, the attention of the viewer?

The main subject should stand out in some way: shape, size, color, position relative to other.

The work of A. Sergeev. The "main" flowers are identified unmistakably.

Even at the sketching stage, when you look at the sketch, you must determine exactly - what is the most important thing in your work?

• If a it is intuitively possible to determine the main thing is excellent.
• If look jumps from one to another, not knowing what to grab onto- so you still need to work on your composition. something to reduce or enlarge, rotate, rearrange etc. Choose what suits you best.

Probably, many now have a question: And if I draw one vase with flowers?

Here, this rule does not need to be applied? After all, we have the most important and main only our heroine "a vase of flowers"?

And here it is necessary and quite possible to apply this rule.

In a bouquet of flowers there is always a main flower.

If this is a bouquet of many flowers, it is worth highlighting a small group of flowers that are most successful illuminated, or most look expressively on the viewer, differ by color, size or form.