Social vices in Dubrovsky's novel. Troekurov and Dubrovsky: comparative characteristics of the heroes

"Pushkin's Tale Snowstorm" - Who is the main character of the story "Snowstorm"? The purpose of the lesson: to reveal the plot of a work of art. So what was really in the church? Belkin's Tales. What was in the church, what happened? When the game ends and it becomes scary for the heroes? Which of the heroes is a true romantic hero? Conversation.

"The tragedy" Boris Godunov "" - A.S. Pushkin "Boris Godunov": Scene in the Miracle Monastery. How does Gregory justify his desire to become an impostor? How does Pimen feel about his own work as a chronicler? Vishnevsky); with con. 19th century tragicomedy becomes relevant. What was the reason for the decision of Gregory to impersonate the heir to the throne?

"Pushkin Dubrovsky" - Courage, decisiveness, composure, endurance, the ability to stand up for oneself. I have given up vengeance as madness." Decoupling. Lesson topic: “Vladimir Dubrovsky and Masha Troekurova. Masha and Deforge. Englishman. A.S. Pushkin "Dubrovsky" Presentation of a lesson in literature in the 6th grade. What qualities of character did Deforge show in the "bear room"?

"Pushkin Boris Godunov" - The plot of the tragedy. What is the tragedy of Tsar Boris. The people let a child killer take the throne. The main purpose of the tragedy -. The shadow of the Terrible adopted me, called me Dimitry from the coffin, Outraged the people around me, And named Boris as a sacrifice to me - Tsarevich Ya.

"Dubrovsky lesson" - The return of V. Dubrovsky to his native Kistenevka. The funeral of Andrei Gavrilovich Dubrovsky. Sasha hides the ring in the hollow. Secondary characters. Grisha. Lesson-game based on the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Dubrovsky". Fire. Khariton. Orina Egorovna Buzyreva. Court. Masha's letter to Prince Vereisky. Timoshka. Arkhip. Dubrovsky stops the carriage of Prince Vereisky.

"Analysis of the novel "Dubrovsky"" - Daughter of Kiril Petrovich. Peasant outrage. Theory of Literature. Letter from the court. Drawing by Kustodiev. Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. composition features. Respect for Dubrovsky. How Dubrovsky became Deforge. The funeral of Father Dubrovsky. Father and son Dubrovsky. Maria Kirillovna. Farewell of Vladimir Dubrovsky with his father.

A total of 29 presentations in the topic

Literature lesson in grade 6

Topic: Moral of the fable by I.A. Krylov "Sheets and Roots"

Lesson objectives: to introduce students to the moral of I.A. Krylov "Sheets and Roots"

Tasks:
Subject: to know the biography of the fabulist I.A. Krylov, to formulate the moral of the fable, to know the concepts of fable, morality, allegory.
Metasubject:

Communicative: learn to listen to each other, accurately express your thoughts in accordance with the tasks and conditions of communication

Regulatory: learn to independently identify and formulate a cognitive goal, search for and highlight the necessary information

Cognitive: to be able to perceive and analyze the text, formulate an idea, problems of the text
Personal: be able to compose a message, presentations, oral and written statements in Russian; awareness of the need for constant improvement of speech, vocabulary replenishment for the free expression of thoughts in the process of communication in Russian; learn to respect the work of other people; build your understanding of such moral categories as negative and positive qualities of a person's character.

Type of lesson: lesson learning new material

Teaching methods: partially search, research, problem

Forms of organization of educational activities: collective, group, individual (frontal)

Equipment: computer presentation, projector, screen, textbooks

During the classes:
I. Organizational moment.
We begin the lesson, in which we will open another page of literature. I hope that in this lesson we will successfully use all the richness and beauty of the Russian language in our speech and writing. How exactly to perform various tasks, each of you chooses for yourself. Trust your feelings, thoughts, then the hand, I'm sure, will be obedient.
II. Learning objectives for students.
So, you know that every job should have a purpose.
What is your goal for this lesson?
(get acquainted with I.A. Krylov, learn how to speak and write in Russian correctly, find out what the fable “Sheets and Roots” is about, what morality, fable, allegory are)
- What do you want to learn, do in this lesson?
(children's answers)
III. Knowledge update.
1. Open notebooks, write down the date and topic of the lesson.
2. Divide the page into two columns, write down in one column the words that characterize the positive qualities of a person, in the other - negative ones.
Read what you have written. (Reading words, writing on the board)
- Tell me, where in literature, in the works of what genre, can we meet the intersection of these human qualities? (Children's versions)
- Quite right, in fables.
- Guys, who is considered the main fabulist of Russia? (Ivan Andreevich Krylov)
- What do we know about him?
-What fables of Krylov do you know?
2. Message from a pre-prepared student on the biography of Krylov (it is better to accompany with a presentation)
- What basic concepts of literature did you meet in this message?
3. Working with dictionaries, reference books (literary theory)
Find the meaning of these words and write in your notebook
A fable is a short, often comic story in verse or prose, with a direct moral conclusion that gives the story an allegorical meaning.
A fabulist is one who writes fables
An allegory is an allegory, an image of an object behind which another object or person is hidden.
Morality is morality.
These concepts are closely interconnected, since they all belong to the fable genre.
IV. Learning new material.
Who is I.A. Krylov and what a fable is, we learned. And now let's see and read what the genre of the fable is in the work of I.A. Krylova
The fable genre in the work of I.A. Krylov:

· - The first fable of I.A. Krylov wrote at the age of 11;

· - Books of Krylov's fables were sold in huge editions, reprinted for 3-4 years. In the first collection there were 20 fables, in the last - almost 200.

· - The peculiarity of Krylov's fables is that he did not just denounce human vices, but spoke about those that are in Russian people. His characters are typical for their time (i.e. frequently encountered);

- Characters of fables - animals, plants, objects

· - A feature of the language of Krylov's fables is the use of colloquial vocabulary;

· - Lines of different lengths, helps to convey colloquial speech.
Vocabulary work.
Before reading the fable, let's get acquainted with the following words:
Zephyr - warm, light wind
Interpret - speak
Teacher reading the fable "Leaves and Roots" (or using an audio file with artistic reading)
On a beautiful summer day
Casting shadows across the valley
Leaves on a tree with marshmallows whispered,
They boasted of their density, their greenness
And this is how the marshmallows interpreted themselves:
“Isn't it true that we are the beauty of the whole valley?
That we have a tree so magnificent and curly,
Sprawling and majestic?
What would it be without us? Well, right
We can praise ourselves without sin!
Are we not from the heat of the shepherd
And we cover the wanderer in the shade with coolness?
Are we not beautiful with our
Are we attracting shepherdesses to dance here?
We have the same early and late dawn
The nightingale whistles.
Yes you marshmallows yourself
You almost never part with us." -
“You could say thank you here and to us,” -
The voice answered them from underground humbly.
“Who dares to speak so impudently and arrogantly!
Who are you there
Why did they begin to reckon with us so impudently? -
The leaves rustled against the wood.
“We are the ones,” they answered from below, “
Which, here rummaging in the darkness,
We feed you. Don't you know?
We are the Roots of the tree on which you bloom.
Show off in a good hour!
Yes, just remember the difference between us:
That with a new spring a new leaf will be born,
And if the root dries up,
There will be no tree, nor you.

Discussion and analysis of the fable.
- Who are the heroes of the fable?
- What do the leaves say? And the roots?
How can you characterize them by the way they speak?
- Which of the listed qualities (which were written in notebooks at the beginning of the lesson) are inherent in leaves? Roots?
- What is the allegorical (allegorical) meaning of the fable?
What is her moral? What does she teach us?
(In the fable "Sheets and Roots", as its name implies, Krylov contrasts two concepts: top and bottom, light and darkness, writes about those who work and who use other people's labors - about bars and peasants, and the peasantry and the nobility. He did not like complicated plots and preferred simple and clear positions.So the fable begins:
On a beautiful summer day
Casting shadows across the valley
Leaves on a tree with marshmallows whispered
Krylov notes the density and greenness of the leaves. This was enough for the Sheets to become proud and say about themselves "Isn't it true that we are the beauty of the entire valley."
In this fable, Krylov notes the undoubted merits of the Sheets - a leafy tree gives a shadow, it is pleasant to dance under the branches, listen to the singing of a nightingale. However, we must not forget about those who tirelessly work, toil, we must sympathize with them and, if possible, alleviate their situation.
Leaves and Roots are the components of the same tree. The pride of the leaves for being beautiful and loved by everyone prevents them from seeing the obvious.
A deep meaning is hidden in the fable - often the one who is in sight makes an important impression, it seems that it is his role that is key. In fact, the main character is in no hurry to demonstrate (show) himself, sometimes because of modesty).

The main idea of ​​the fable: often the one who is in sight makes an important impression, it seems that it is his role that is key. In fact, the main character is in no hurry to demonstrate (show) himself, sometimes because of modesty
Moral of the fable:

· Without the participation of modest, hardworking, courageous people, not a single thing is argued (not done);

· All disagreements “who is more important” are meaningless.
- Who would you like to be like?
V. Consolidation.
1.Working with illustrations
Before us are three pictures: a tree, people of secular society - nobles, ordinary people - peasants.
Look at the tree: here are the heroes of the fable Leafs and Roots.
Who is meant by Leaves and who by Roots?
Look at the people in the first picture.
-What are they doing?
- Look at the second picture. What do you see in her?
- What are they doing? Why do they work? What do they get for their work?
- Who uses their work?
Conclusion: the nobles, like leaves feed on roots, use the labor of peasants - workers. And the labor of the peasants is not visible, like the roots of the tree. Just as leaves cannot exist without roots, so nobles cannot live without the labor of peasants.
2. Reading the fable by roles (group work):
Group 1: find the words of the leaves, when reading, convey boastfulness, arrogance, arrogance of the leaves.
Group 2: find the words of the roots, when reading, convey restraint, dignified calmness, confidence of the roots.
Make a conclusion: which of the characters did you like, and which did not like, why.
VI. Reflection.
Rate your work
Continue the phrase "Today at the lesson"
It was interesting
I realized that
I wanted

It was difficult
I learned
I was able

VII. Homework.
1. Learn the fable "Sheets and Roots", prepare for expressive reading.
2. Compose a syncwine with the words sheets and roots (1 noun,
2 adjectives
3 verbs
proverb
1 noun)
3.

Many contemporaries of A. S. Pushkin, who worked in the genre of prose, were characterized by significant pomposity, mannerisms, and affectation. Unlike them, Alexander Sergeevich strove to write accurately, concisely and simply. “What can I say,” he said, “about our writers, who, considering it base to explain simply the most ordinary things, think to enliven children's prose with additions and sluggish metaphors. These people will never say: friendship, without adding: "this is a sacred feeling, of which a noble flame" and so on. Totness and brevity are the first virtues of prose. It requires thoughts and thoughts - without them, brilliant expressions are of no use ... "

One of Pushkin's outstanding prose works is the story Dubrovsky, which is based on the real story of the nobleman Ostrovsky, who had a lawsuit for land with a neighbor, who was later ousted from the estate and gradually came to robbery. In "Dubrovsky", among other problems, the question of the relationship between peasants and nobles is posed with great acuteness. As in most of his prose works, Pushkin vividly and truthfully depicted the life of the local nobility, painted a picture of the life and customs of the landlord environment of that time. Critic V. G. Belinsky noted: "The ancient life of the Russian nobility, in the person of Troekurov, is depicted with terrifying fidelity."

Troekurov is a rich and powerful landowner-serf, spoiled by life, who knows no bounds to self-will. He demonstrates contempt for the petty nobles around him, whom the author portrays with subtle humor. Nobles and provincial officials cater to the slightest whims of Kirila Petrovich. He himself "accepted signs of servility as a proper tribute." Spoiled by the environment and surroundings, Troekurov gave full rein to all his whims, "showed all the vices of an uneducated person." His usual activities were reduced to traveling around his own possessions, long feasts and pranks: "... he suffered from gluttony twice a week and was tipsy every evening."

The author sharply criticizes the moral image of the noble aristocratic society, creating the image of Prince Vereisky, in whom external culture and gloss are combined with a low feudal disposition. "He had an incessant need for distraction and was incessantly bored." Accustomed to always being in society, the prince showed considerable courtesy, especially towards women. Without any doubts or remorse, he persistently seeks marriage with Masha, who loves another.

A. S. Pushkin and the “ink tribe” of corrupt chicanery officials, hated by the peasants no less than the Troekurov, depict with satirical colors. The picture of the landowner's province would be. incomplete without these police officers and assessors, without the image of a cowardly, indifferent to the people Kistenevsky priest and other similar characters.

Among the disgusting picture of landlord life, the image of Dubrovsky, a rebel, protesting against slavery and despotism, stands out clearly. This image is close to the images of the peasants, whom the oppression of feudal lords and the cruelty of the landowners are forced to revolt, to revolt. Although Dubrovsky does not become like-minded peasants. Probably sensing this, the blacksmith Arkhip cracks down on the court of his own free will and against Dubrovsky's wishes. Arkhip does not feel pity for those who perish in the fire, and after the massacre declares: "Now everything is fine."

The theme of peasant uprisings, begun in the story "Dubrovsky", the poet continued and developed in many of his works, acting as an active defender of the serfs. It was Pushkin who was one of the first to show attention to the serf issue, which since the 1940s became the leading one in progressive Russian literature.

To many contemporaries A. S. Pushkin, who worked in the genre of prose, was characterized by significant pomposity, mannerisms, and affectation. Unlike them, Alexander Sergeevich strove to write accurately, concisely and simply. “What can I say,” he said, “about our writers, who, considering it base to explain simply the most ordinary things, think to enliven children's prose with additions and sluggish metaphors. These people will never say: friendship, without adding: "this is a sacred feeling, of which a noble flame" and so on. Totness and brevity are the first virtues of prose. It requires thoughts and thoughts - without them, brilliant expressions are of no use ... "

One of the outstanding Pushkin's prose works are the story "", which is based on the real story of the nobleman Ostrovsky, who had a lawsuit for land with a neighbor, who was later forced out of the estate and gradually came to robbery. In "Dubrovsky", among other problems, the question of the relationship between peasants and nobles is posed with great acuteness. As in most of his prose works, he vividly and truthfully depicted the life of the local nobility, painted a picture of the life and customs of the landlord environment of that time. Critic V. G. noted: "The ancient life of the Russian nobility, in the person of Troekurov, is depicted with terrifying fidelity."

Troekurov- a rich and powerful landowner-serf, spoiled by life, who knows no bounds to self-will. He demonstrates contempt for the petty nobles around him, whom the author portrays with subtle humor. Nobles and provincial officials cater to the slightest whims of Kirila Petrovich. He himself "accepted signs of servility as a proper tribute." Spoiled by the environment and surroundings, Troekurov gave full rein to all his whims, "showed all the vices of an uneducated person." His usual activities were reduced to traveling around his own possessions, long feasts and pranks: "... he suffered from gluttony twice a week and was tipsy every evening."

with sharp criticism The author speaks of the moral image of a noble aristocratic society, creating the image of Prince Vereisky, in whom external culture and gloss are combined with a low feudal disposition. "He had an incessant need for distraction and was incessantly bored." Accustomed to always being in society, the prince showed considerable courtesy, especially towards women. Without any doubts or remorse, he persistently seeks marriage with Masha, who loves another.

A. S. Pushkin and the “ink tribe” of corrupt chicanery officials, hated by the peasants no less than the Troekurov, depict with satirical colors. The picture of the landowner's province would be. incomplete without these police officers and assessors, without the image of a cowardly, indifferent to the people Kistenevsky priest and other similar characters.

In the midst of a disgusting picture The image of Dubrovsky, a rebel who protests against slavery and despotism, clearly stands out in the landowner's life. This image is close to the images of the peasants, whom the oppression of feudal lords and the cruelty of the landowners are forced to revolt, to revolt. Although Dubrovsky does not become like-minded peasants. Probably sensing this, the blacksmith Arkhip cracks down on the court of his own free will and against Dubrovsky's wishes. Arkhip does not feel pity for those who perish in the fire, and after the massacre declares: "Now everything is fine."

The theme of peasant uprisings, begun in the story "Dubrovsky", the poet continued and developed in many of his works, acting as an active defender of the serfs. It was Pushkin who was one of the first to show attention to the serf issue, which since the 1940s became the leading one in progressive Russian literature.

The noble society in the story "Dubrovsky" is represented by a number of characters, some of which are depicted comprehensively and completely (Troekurov, Dubrovsky), others are less detailed (Prince Vereisky), others are remembered in passing (Anna Savishna and other guests of Troekurov). One of the main characters of the story is Kirila Petrovich Troekurov. In this man, the author displayed the most firmly standing part of the nobility, the rulers of the world, ardent supporters of serfdom. It was this part of the nobility at the beginning of the eighteenth century that dictated its conditions to the country and felt at ease, especially in the outback of Russia.

Receiving huge incomes from the exploitation of the peasants subject to them, the landowners did not bother themselves with any business, spending their time idly and recklessly. They did not want any democratic changes in the country, since such events threatened their undivided dominion and well-being.

As for Kirila Petrovich Troekurov, “his wealth, noble family and connections gave him great weight in the provinces where his estate was located. The neighbors were glad to cater to his slightest whims; provincial officials trembled at his name; Kirila Petrovich accepted signs of servility as a proper tribute; his house was always full of guests, ready to amuse his lordly idleness... No one dared to refuse his invitation or, on certain days, not to appear with due respect in the village of Pokrovskoye. This wayward Russian gentleman did not trouble himself with sciences. The author, with obvious irony and condemnation, says that "Kirila Petrovich showed all the vices of an uneducated person." And since Troekurov had more than enough physical strength, he endlessly arranged all kinds of entertainment events on his estate and gave "full vent to all the impulses of his ardent disposition and all the undertakings of a rather limited mind." One of the undertakings, which had the purpose of entertaining his guests, and most of all - himself, was an undertaking with a bear, which Troekurov specially fattened on his estate in order to play a trick on a new guest on occasion.

Despite the fact that almost every one of the guests of the utterly spoiled landowner was in a room with a bear and not only experienced inhuman fear, but also received physical injuries, no one dared to complain about Kiril Petrovich - his power in the district was too unlimited.

More than any other entertainment, Kirila Petrovich loved hunting with dogs, he prepared for it in advance and carefully. After the hunt, usually on the estate of the master, a long drinking bout of all its participants was arranged. Very often, the friends of the hospitable host went home only in the morning.

In order for the reader to get a complete picture of the spoiledness and tyranny of Kiril Petrovich, the author introduces an episode into the story that describes in detail the landowner's kennel, the object of his pride and admiration. In this kennel “... more than five hundred hounds and greyhounds lived in contentment and warmth, glorifying the generosity of Kiril Petrovich in their dog language. There was also an infirmary for sick dogs, under the supervision of the head doctor Timoshka, and a department where the noble bitches whelped and fed their puppies. What care for animals, what nobility - isn't it? Yes, all this would look exactly like this if the serfs of this gentleman, on whom his well-being rested, lived better than dogs, or at least the same way.

It costs nothing for Troekurov to humiliate a person, even one for whom he has respect. And not to obey the will of a despot and tyrant means to become his sworn enemy. And even then, Kirila Petrovich will stop at nothing to demonstrate his superiority. That is exactly what he did with Andrei Gavrilovich Dubrovsky.

He “loved his daughter to the point of madness, but treated her with his characteristic waywardness, now trying to please her slightest whims, now frightening her with harsh and sometimes cruel treatment.” Relations with Masha, as, indeed, with everyone else, he built on the requirement of her complete submission to his person. Kirila Petrovich did not even bother to listen to Masha's words-requests to cancel the wedding with the unloved person. Of course, this can be attributed to his excessive concern for the fate of his daughter, but is Masha happy from this, will she be lucky to find out what a divided

love? It's almost certain to say no. Masha, like Onegin's Tatyana, was brought up on the principle: “But I am given to another; I will be faithful to him forever.

So, in the image of Troekurov, the author showed a part of the local nobility, far from reformist ideas, leading a wild, idle lifestyle. Distinctive features of these nobles are ignorance, primitiveness, greed and pride. Standing firmly on its feet, this part of the local nobility fiercely defends the ancient way of life, based on the enslavement of man by man, and is ready for the most cruel measures to ensure its dominance.

The image of another local nobleman, Andrei Gavrilovich Dubrovsky, appears before us in a completely different way. “Being the same age, born in the same class, brought up in the same way ...”, having similar characters and inclinations, Troekurov and Dubrovsky Sr. looked differently at the peasant and at the meaning of life. The Kistenevsky master did not oppress his peasants, therefore they treated him with love and respect. Andrei Gavrilovich condemned Troekurov’s attitude towards serfs, and therefore he said to his friend: “... the kennel is wonderful, it’s unlikely that your people live the same as your dogs.” Just as fond of hunting as Troekurov, Dubrovsky, however, treated his neighbor's idle and rampant drinking parties unfavorably and visited them reluctantly. This person has a strong sense of self-esteem and pride.

Neither in the first years of his life on the estate, nor later did Andrei Gavrilovich agree to take advantage of the gifts that Troekurov offered him. Moreover, unlike other landowners, Dubrovsky was never afraid to express his thoughts in the presence of Kirila Petrovich. Crouching before a rich neighbor was not in his rules. The image of Andrei Gavrilovich Dubrovsky is the image of a noble nobleman who cares not only about his wallet, but also about the peasants entrusted to him. I think that such nobles, under a positive set of circumstances, would be supporters of democratic reforms in Russia.