The image of Oblomov as a type of "superfluous person" in Russian literature of the 19th century. Composition “Oblomov and the “extra person” based on the novel by Goncharov Oblomov is an extra person or a tender child

Oblomov and "superfluous people".

Plan.

Extra people gallery

Attributes of "superfluous people" The origins of the "Oblomovism"

Real-fabulous life

Possible happiness and Olga Ilinskaya

Conclusion. Who is to blame for the "Oblomovism"?

Goncharov's novel "Oblomov" continues the gallery of works in which heroes are superfluous for the whole world and for themselves, but not superfluous for the passions boiling in their souls. Oblomov, the protagonist of the novel, following Onegin and Pechorin, goes through the same thorny path of life's disappointments, tries to change something in the world, tries to love, make friends, maintain relationships with acquaintances, but he does not succeed in all this. In the same way as the life of Lermontov and Pushkin's heroes did not work out. And the main characters of all these three works, "Eugene Onegin", "A Hero of Our Time" and "Oblomov", are also similar - pure and bright creatures who could not stay with their beloved. Perhaps a certain type of man attracts a certain type of woman? But why then, such worthless men attract such beautiful women? And, in general, what are the reasons for their worthlessness, were they really born like that, or is it a noble upbringing, or is time to blame for everything? We will also try, using the example of Oblomov, to understand the essence of the problem of “extra people” and try to answer the questions posed.

With the development of the history of "extra people" in literature, a kind of paraphernalia, or things, objects that must be present in each such "extra" character, has developed. Oblomov has all these accessories: a dressing gown, a dusty sofa and an old servant, without whose help he seemed to die. Maybe that's why Oblomov does not go abroad, because there are only "girls" in the servants who do not know how to properly remove the boots from the master. But where did all this come from? It seems that the reason must first of all be sought in the childhood of Ilya Ilyich, in that pampered life that the landowners of that time led and in that inertness that was instilled from childhood: “mother, after caressing him more, let him go for a walk in the garden, around the yard, on the meadow , with strict confirmation to the nanny not to leave the child alone, not to allow him to horses, to dogs, to a goat, not to go far from home, and most importantly, not to let him into the ravine, as the most terrible place in the neighborhood, which had a bad reputation. And, having become an adult, Oblomov also does not allow himself either to horses, or to people, or to the whole world. Why it is in childhood that it is necessary to look for the roots of such a phenomenon as “Oblomovism” is clearly seen when comparing Oblomov with his childhood friend Andrei Stolz. They are of the same age, and of the same social status, but like two different planets colliding in space. Of course, all this can be explained only by the German origin of Stolz, however, what then to be with Olga Ilyinskaya, a Russian young lady who, at twenty years old, was much more purposeful than Oblomov. And the point here is not even age (Oblomov at the time of the events was about 30 years old), but again in education. Olga grew up in her aunt's house, not restrained by either the strict instructions of her elders or the constant caress, and she learned everything herself. Therefore, she has such an inquisitive mind and a desire to live and act. After all, in childhood there was no one who would take care of her, hence the sense of responsibility and the inner core that does not allow her to deviate from her principles and way of life. Oblomov, on the other hand, was raised by the women of his family, and this is not his fault, but somewhere his mother’s fault, her so-called selfishness towards her child, a life filled with illusions, goblin and brownies, and maybe that was all society, in these domostroevskie times. “Although the adult Ilya Ilyich later learns that there are no rivers of honey and milk, there are no good sorceresses, although he jokes with a smile over the tales of the nurse, but this smile is not sincere, it is accompanied by a secret sigh: his fairy tale is mixed with life, and he sometimes unconsciously sad, why is a fairy tale not life, and life is not a fairy tale.

Oblomov remained to live in the fairy tales told by the nanny, and could not plunge into real life, because real life, for the most part, is black and gone, and people living in fairy tales have no place in it, because in In real life, everything happens not by a wave of a magic wand, but only thanks to the human will. Stolz says the same thing to Oblomov, but he is so blind and deaf, so captured by petty passions raging in his soul, that sometimes he does not even understand his best friend: “Well, brother Andrei, you are the same! There was one sensible person, and he went crazy. Who travels to America and Egypt! Englishmen: so they are so arranged by the Lord God; and they have nowhere to live at home. And who will go with us? Is it some desperate person who does not care about life. But even Oblomov himself does not care about life. And he is too lazy to live. And it seems that only love, a great and bright feeling, can revive him. But we know that this did not happen, although Oblomov tried very hard.

At the beginning of the birth of relations between Oblomov and Olga Ilyinskaya, the hope is also born in us that “happiness is possible”, and, indeed, Ilya Ilyich is simply transformed. We see him in the bosom of nature, in the country, away from the dusty bustle of the capital, and from the dusty sofa. He is almost like a child, and this village reminds us so much of Oblomovka, when the mind of Ilya Ilyich was still childish and inquisitive, and when the infection of the Russian spleen had not yet had time to seep into his body and soul. Probably, in Olga, he found his mother who died early and just as unquestioningly began to obey her, and was also happy that he took patronage over him, because he himself had not learned to manage his life. But love for Olga is another fairy tale, this time invented by him, although he wholeheartedly believes in it. The “superfluous person” is not able to cultivate this feeling, because it is also superfluous for him, just as he is superfluous for the whole world. However, Oblomov does not lie, confessing his love to Olga, because Olga is indeed a “fairy tale” character, because only a fairy from a fairy tale can fall in love with a person like him. How many wrong things Oblomov does - this is a letter he invented at night, this is a constant fear that they will gossip about them, this is an endlessly protracted affair with the arrangement of the wedding. Circumstances are always higher than Oblomov, and a person who is unable to manage them will certainly slide into the abyss of misunderstanding, despondency and blues. But Olga patiently waits for him, her patience can only be envied, and, finally, Oblomov himself decides to break off relations. The reason is very stupid and not worth it, but such is Oblomov. And this is probably the only act in his life that he could decide on, but the act is stupid and ridiculous: “Who cursed you, Ilya? What did you do? You are kind, smart, gentle, noble... and... you are dying! What ruined you? There is no name for this evil... - There is, - he said in a barely audible voice. She looked at him questioningly, her eyes full of tears. - Oblomovism! This is how one phenomenon ruined the whole life of a person! However, do not forget that it was he, this man, who gave rise to this phenomenon. It did not grow out of nowhere, it was not introduced like a disease, it was carefully cultivated, groomed and cherished in the soul of our hero, and took such strong roots that it is already impossible to pull it out. And when instead of a person we see only this phenomenon, wrapped in an outer shell, then such a person really becomes “superfluous” or ceases to exist altogether. This is how Oblomov quietly dies in the house of the widow Pshenitsyna, the same phenomenon instead of a person.

I would like to think that, nevertheless, society is to blame for such a weak-willed existence of Oblomov, because he lives in a quiet and calm time, free from upheavals, uprisings and wars. Maybe his soul is just calm, because there is no need to fight, worry about the fate of the people, his safety, the safety of his family. At such a time, many people are simply born, live and die, just like in Oblomovka, because time does not require feats from them. But we can say with confidence that if the danger had arisen, Oblomov would not have gone to the barricades under any circumstances. Therein lies his tragedy. And how then to be with Stolz, he is also a contemporary of Oblomov and lives with him in the same country, and in the same city, however, his whole life is like a small feat. No, Oblomov himself is to blame, and this makes it even worse, because in fact he is a good person.

But such is the fate of all "superfluous" people. Unfortunately, it is not enough to just be a good person, you also need to fight and prove it, which Oblomov, unfortunately, could not do. But he became an example for people then and today, an example of who you can become if you are not able not only to manage the events of life, but also yourself. They are “superfluous”, these people, they have no place in life, because it is cruel and merciless, first of all, to the weak and infirm, and because one must always fight for a place in this life!

Bibliography

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The main character of the novel by I. A. Goncharov is Ilya Ilyich Oblomov - a kind, gentle, kind-hearted person who is able to experience a feeling of love and friendship, but unable to step over himself - get up from the couch, do some activity and even settle his own affairs. But if at the beginning of the novel Oblomov appears before us as a couch potato, then with each new page we penetrate more and more into the soul of the hero - bright and pure.
In the first chapter, we meet with insignificant people - acquaintances of Ilya Ilyich, who surround him in St. Petersburg, busy with fruitless fuss, creating the appearance of action. In contact with these people, the essence of Oblomov is revealed more and more. We see that Ilya Ilyich has such an important quality that few people possess as conscience. With each line, the reader gets to know the wonderful soul of Oblomov, and this is precisely what Ilya Ilyich stands out from the crowd of worthless, prudent, heartless people, concerned only with his person: “The soul shone so openly and easily in his eyes, in a smile, in every movement of his head, his hands” .
Having excellent internal qualities, Oblomov is also educated and smart. He knows what constitutes the true values ​​of life - not money, not wealth, but high spiritual qualities, a flight of feelings.
So why is such a smart and educated person not willing to work? The answer is simple: Ilya Ilyich, just like Onegin, Pechorin, Rudin, does not see the meaning and purpose of such work, such a life. He doesn't want to work like that. “This unresolved question, this unsatisfied doubt exhausts the forces, destroys activity; a person drops his hands, and he gives up work, not seeing a goal for him, ”wrote Pisarev.
Goncharov does not introduce a single superfluous person into the novel - all the characters, with each step, reveal Oblomov more and more to us. The author introduces us to Stolz - at first glance, an ideal hero. He is hardworking, prudent, practical, punctual, he himself managed to make his way in life, amassed capital, earned respect and recognition in society. Why does he need all this? What good did his work bring? What is their purpose?
Stolz's task is to get settled in life, that is, to gain sufficient livelihood, family status, rank, and, having achieved all this, he stops, the hero does not continue his development, he is content with what he already has. Is it possible to call such a person ideal? Oblomov, on the other hand, cannot live for the sake of material well-being, he must constantly develop, improve his inner world, and in this it is impossible to reach the limit, because the soul in its development knows no boundaries. It is in this that Oblomov surpasses Stolz.
But the main storyline in the novel is the relationship between Oblomov and Olga Ilyinskaya. It is here that the hero reveals himself to us from the best side, his most cherished corners of the soul are revealed. Olga awakens the best qualities in the soul of Ilya Ilyich, but they do not live long in Oblomov: Olga Ilyinskaya and Ilya Ilyich Oblomov were too different. She is characterized by the harmony of mind and heart, will, which the hero is not able to understand and accept. Olga is full of vitality, she strives for high art and awakens the same feelings in Ilya Ilyich, but he is so far from her way of life that he soon changes romantic walks to a soft sofa and a warm bathrobe again. It would seem that what Oblomov lacks, why shouldn't he marry Olga, who accepted his proposal. But no. He doesn't act like everyone else. Oblomov decides to break off relations with Olga for her own good; he acts like many familiar characters: Pechorin, Onegin, Rudin. They all leave the women they love, not wanting to hurt them. “In relation to women, all Oblomovites behave in the same shameful way. They don’t know how to love at all and don’t know what to look for in love, just like in life in general ... ”, Dobrolyubov writes in his article“ What is Oblomovism?
Ilya Ilyich decides to stay with Agafya Matveevna, for whom he also has feelings, but completely different than for Olga. For him, Agafya Matveevna was closer, “in her ever-moving elbows, in her carefully stopping eyes, in her eternal walking from the kitchen to the pantry.” Ilya Ilyich lives in a cozy, comfortable house, where life has always been in the first place, and the beloved woman would be a continuation of the hero himself. It would seem that the hero lives and lives happily ever after. No, such a life in Pshenitsyna's house was not normal, long, healthy, on the contrary, it accelerated Oblomov's transition from sleeping on the couch to eternal sleep - death.
Reading the novel, one involuntarily asks the question: why is everyone so drawn to Oblomov? It is obvious that each of the heroes finds in him a piece of goodness, purity, revelation - all that people lack so much. Everyone, starting with Volkov and ending with Agafya Matveevna, searched for and, most importantly, found what was necessary for themselves, for their hearts and souls. But nowhere was Oblomov his own, there was no such person who would truly make the hero happy. And the problem lies not in the people around him, but in himself.
Goncharov in his novel showed different types of people, they all passed in front of Oblomov. The author showed us that Ilya Ilyich has no place in this life, just like Onegin, Pechorin.

1. What things have become a symbol of "Oblomovism"?

The symbols of "Oblomovism" were a bathrobe, slippers, a sofa.

2. What turned Oblomov into an apathetic couch potato?

Laziness, fear of movement and life, inability to practice, substitution of life for vague dreaminess turned Oblomov from a man into an appendage of a dressing gown and sofa.

3. What is the function of Oblomov's dream in the novel by I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov"

The chapter "Oblomov's Dream" draws an idyll of a patriarchal serf village, in which only such Oblomov could grow up. The Oblomovites are shown as sleeping heroes, and Oblomovka as a sleepy kingdom. The dream shows the conditions of Russian life that gave rise to "Oblomovism".

4. Can Oblomov be called "an extra person"?

ON THE. Dobrolyubov noted in the article “What is Oblomovism?” that the features of Oblomovism were characteristic to some extent of both Onegin and Pechorin, that is, “superfluous people”. But the "superfluous people" of previous literature were surrounded by a certain romantic halo, they seemed to be strong people, distorted by reality. Oblomov is also "superfluous", but "reduced from a beautiful pedestal to a soft sofa." A.I. Herzen said that the Onegins and Pechorins treat Oblomov like fathers treat children.

5. What is the peculiarity of the composition of the novel by I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov"?

The composition of the novel by I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov" is characterized by the presence of a double storyline - Oblomov's novel and Stolz's novel. Unity is achieved with the help of the image of Olga Ilyinskaya, which connects both lines. The novel is built on the contrast of images: Oblomov - Stolz, Olga - Pshenitsyna, Zakhar - Anisya. The entire first part of the novel is an extensive exposition introducing the hero already in adulthood.

6. What role does I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov" epilogue?

The epilogue tells about the death of Oblomov, which made it possible to trace the whole life of the hero from birth to the end.

7. Why is the morally pure, honest Oblomov dying morally?

The habit of getting everything from life, without putting any effort into it, developed apathy, inertia in Oblomov, made him a slave of his own laziness. Ultimately, the feudal system and the domestic upbringing generated by it are to blame for this.

8. As in the novel by I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov" shows the complex relationship between slavery and nobility?

Serfdom corrupts not only masters, but also slaves. An example of this is the fate of Zakhar. He is as lazy as Oblomov. During the life of the master, he is content with his position. After the death of Oblomov, Zakhar has nowhere to go - he becomes a beggar.

9. What is "Oblomovism"?

"Oblomovism" is a social phenomenon, consisting in laziness, apathy, inertia, contempt for work and an all-consuming desire for peace.

10. Why did Olga Ilyinskaya's attempt to revive Oblomov fail?

Having fallen in love with Oblomov, Olga tries to re-educate him, to break his laziness. But his apathy deprives her of faith in the future of Oblomov. Oblomov's laziness was higher and stronger than love.

Stolz is hardly a positive hero. Although, at first glance, this is a new, progressive person, active and active, but there is something in him from a machine, always impassive, rational. He is a schematized, unnatural person.

12. Describe Stolz from the novel by I.A. Goncharov "Ob-crowbars".

Stolz is the antipode of Oblomov. He is an active, active person, a bourgeois businessman. He is enterprising, always striving for something. The outlook on life is characterized by the words: "Labor is the image, content, element and purpose of life, at least mine." But Stolz is not capable of experiencing strong feelings, he exudes the calculatedness of each step. The image of Stolz in the artistic sense is more schematic and declarative than the image of Oblomov.

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The main character of the novel by I. A. Goncharov is Ilya Ilyich Oblomov - a kind, gentle, kind-hearted person who is able to experience a feeling of love and friendship, but unable to overcome himself - get up from the couch, do some activity and even settle his own affairs. But if at the beginning of the novel Oblomov appears before us as a couch potato, then with each new page we penetrate more and more into the soul of the hero - bright and pure.
In the first chapter, we meet with insignificant people - acquaintances of Ilya Ilyich, those around him

In St. Petersburg, busy with fruitless fuss, creating the appearance of action. In contact with these people, the essence of Oblomov is revealed more and more. We see that Ilya Ilyich has such an important quality that few people possess as conscience. With each line, the reader gets to know the wonderful soul of Oblomov, and this is precisely what Ilya Ilyich stands out from the crowd of worthless, prudent, heartless people, concerned only with his person: “The soul shone so openly and easily in his eyes, in a smile, in every movement of his head, his hands” .
Having excellent internal qualities, Oblomov is also educated and smart. He knows what constitutes the true values ​​of life - not money, not wealth, but high spiritual qualities, a flight of feelings.
So why is such a smart and educated person not willing to work? The answer is simple: Ilya Ilyich, just like Onegin, Pechorin, Rudin, does not see the meaning and purpose of such work, such a life. He doesn't want to work like that. “This unresolved question, this unsatisfied doubt exhausts the forces, destroys activity; a person drops his hands, and he gives up work, not seeing a goal for him, ”wrote Pisarev.
Goncharov does not introduce a single superfluous person into the novel - all the characters, with each step, reveal Oblomov more and more to us. The author introduces us to Stolz - at first glance, an ideal hero. He is hardworking, prudent, practical, punctual, he himself managed to make his way in life, amassed capital, earned respect and recognition in society. Why does he need all this? What good did his work bring? What is their purpose?
Stolz's task is to get settled in life, that is, to gain sufficient means of subsistence, family status, rank, and, having achieved all this, he stops, the hero does not continue his development, he is content with what he already has. Is it possible to call such a person ideal? Oblomov, on the other hand, cannot live for the sake of material well-being, he must constantly develop, improve his inner world, and in this it is impossible to reach the limit, because the soul in its development knows no boundaries. It is in this that Oblomov surpasses Stolz.
But the main storyline in the novel is the relationship between Oblomov and Olga Ilyinskaya. It is here that the hero reveals himself to us from the best side, his most cherished corners of the soul are revealed. Olga awakens the best qualities in the soul of Ilya Ilyich, but they do not live long in Oblomov: Olga Ilyinskaya and Ilya Ilyich Oblomov were too different. She is characterized by the harmony of mind and heart, will, which the hero is not able to understand and accept. Olga is full of vitality, she strives for high art and awakens the same feelings in Ilya Ilyich, but he is so far from her way of life that he soon changes romantic walks to a soft sofa and a warm bathrobe again. It would seem that what Oblomov lacks, why shouldn't he marry Olga, who accepted his proposal. But no. He doesn't act like everyone else. Oblomov decides to break off relations with Olga for her own good; he acts like many familiar characters: Pechorin, Onegin, Rudin. They all leave the women they love, not wanting to hurt them. “In relation to women, all Oblomovites behave in the same shameful way. They don’t know how to love at all and don’t know what to look for in love, just like in life in general ... ”, Dobrolyubov writes in his article“ What is Oblomovism?
Ilya Ilyich decides to stay with Agafya Matveevna, for whom he also has feelings, but completely different than for Olga. For him, Agafya Matveyevna was closer, "in her ever-moving elbows, in her carefully stopping eyes, in her eternal walking from the kitchen to the pantry." Ilya Ilyich lives in a cozy, comfortable house, where life has always been in the first place, and the beloved woman would be a continuation of the hero himself. It would seem that the hero lives and lives happily ever after. No, such a life in Pshenitsyna's house was not normal, long, healthy, on the contrary, it accelerated Oblomov's transition from sleeping on the couch to eternal sleep - death.
Reading the novel, one involuntarily asks the question: why is everyone so drawn to Oblomov? It is obvious that each of the heroes finds in him a piece of goodness, purity, revelation - all that people lack so much. Everyone, starting with Volkov and ending with Agafya Matveevna, searched for and, most importantly, found what was necessary for themselves, for their hearts and souls. But nowhere was Oblomov his own, there was no such person who would truly make the hero happy. And the problem lies not in the people around him, but in himself.
Goncharov in his novel showed different types of people, they all passed in front of Oblomov. The author showed us that Ilya Ilyich has no place in this life, just like Onegin, Pechorin.

1. Oblomov is a novel by Russian writer Ivan Goncharov, published in 1859. The novel touches upon both the social problems of the society of that time, ...
2. The novel by Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov "Oblomov", written in 1859, was not particularly friendly to the reader. The thing is...
3. In the work of Goncharov "Oblomov" Ilya Ilyich is the main character. Many times we met such characters, but Goncharov was the first to draw ...
4. Ilya Ilyich Oblomov is a very peculiar person, one might say, unusual. Throughout the novel, we observe the life of this hero, ...
5. Oblomov is a backwardness that hinders historical progress. Oblomov is sincere, gentle, his conscience is not lost; subjectively, he is not capable ...
6. In the novel by I. A. Goncharov "Oblomov" the complex relationship between slavery and nobility is exposed; there is a story about two opposite types of people, different ...
7. Lying down with Ilya Ilyich was neither a necessity, like a sick person or a person who wants to sleep, nor an accident, ...
8. Despite the fact that Oblomov is a gentleman, and Zakhar is his serf, they are akin to each other. A. Rybasov From the very...
9. The central character of I. A. Goncharov's novel "Oblomov" is Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, a gentleman "thirty-two years old." Revealing it...
10. Olga Sergeevna Ilyinskaya - Oblomov's beloved, Stolz's wife, a bright and strong character. “Olga in the strict sense was not a beauty ... But if ...
11. In Russian literature, a special place has long been given to a woman, her relationship with the main character. Even in the Tale of Igor's Campaign, the size ...
12. A lot of opportunities open up before a person during his life. Depending on the abilities and capabilities, fortitude and goals in ...
13. Alexander Ivanovich Goncharov in 1859 wrote a novel of particular topicality, in which he reflected the main feature of a purely Russian character and ...
14. The theme of love is a cross-cutting theme, because the expression of this feeling can be found in many works. For example, in M...
15. The image of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, the protagonist of Goncharov's novel Oblomov, is ambiguous and contradictory. The most opposite was expressed about him ...
16. “Why am I different?”... Ilya Ilyich Oblomov asked himself this question more than once, lying on the sofa and indulging in various philosophical reflections ....
17. In reality, Oblomov's psyche has nothing in common with the psyche of the heroes of the Onegin and Rudin folds. V. F. Pereverzev. Main features...
18. The novel by I. A. Goncharov "Oblomov" is a "novel-monograph". Creating it, the author had the goal of writing the life story of one person - Ilya Ilyich Oblomov ....
19. The novel by I. A. Goncharov "Oblomov" is a novel about the Russian national character. In the main character of the work - the landowner Ilya Ilyich Oblomov ...
20. Goncharov's novel "Oblomov" was published in 1859, when Russia was on the verge of changes in economic and political life,...
21. The novel by I. A. Goncharov "Oblomov" is one of those that have taken a worthy place among the masterpieces of Russian classical literature. With help...
22. The novel by I. A. Goncharov "Oblomov" can be called a story about the Russian national character, a reflection on the Russian soul. What is for a Russian person ...
23. The novel "Oblomov" (1858) is rightfully considered the best work of I. A. Goncharov. It was created over ten years and absorbed ...
24. The protagonist of Goncharov's novel is Ilya Ilyich Oblomov. He is a man "about thirty-two or three years old, of medium height, of pleasant appearance, with...

Plan.

Extra people gallery

Attributes of "superfluous people" The origins of the "Oblomovism"

Real-fabulous life

Possible happiness and Olga Ilinskaya

Conclusion. Who is to blame for the "Oblomovism"?

Goncharov's novel "Oblomov" continues the gallery of works in which heroes are superfluous for the whole world and for themselves, but not superfluous for the passions boiling in their souls. Oblomov, the protagonist of the novel, following Onegin and Pechorin, goes through the same thorny path of life's disappointments, tries to change something in the world, tries to love, make friends, maintain relationships with acquaintances, but he does not succeed in all this. In the same way as the life of Lermontov and Pushkin's heroes did not work out. And the main characters of all these three works, "Eugene Onegin", "A Hero of Our Time" and "Oblomov", are also similar - pure and bright creatures who could not stay with their beloved. Perhaps a certain type of man attracts a certain type of woman? But why then, such worthless men attract such beautiful women? And, in general, what are the reasons for their worthlessness, were they really born like that, or is it a noble upbringing, or is time to blame for everything? We will also try, using the example of Oblomov, to understand the essence of the problem of “extra people” and try to answer the questions posed.

With the development of the history of "extra people" in literature, a kind of paraphernalia, or things, objects that must be present in each such "extra" character, has developed. Oblomov has all these accessories: a dressing gown, a dusty sofa and an old servant, without whose help he seemed to die. Maybe that's why Oblomov does not go abroad, because there are only "girls" in the servants who do not know how to properly remove the boots from the master. But where did all this come from? It seems that the reason must first of all be sought in the childhood of Ilya Ilyich, in that pampered life that the landowners of that time led and in that inertness that was instilled from childhood: “mother, after caressing him more, let him go for a walk in the garden, around the yard, on the meadow , with strict confirmation to the nanny not to leave the child alone, not to allow him to horses, to dogs, to a goat, not to go far from home, and most importantly, not to let him into the ravine, as the most terrible place in the neighborhood, which had a bad reputation. And, having become an adult, Oblomov also does not allow himself either to horses, or to people, or to the whole world. Why it is in childhood that it is necessary to look for the roots of such a phenomenon as “Oblomovism” is clearly seen when comparing Oblomov with his childhood friend Andrei Stolz. They are of the same age, and of the same social status, but like two different planets colliding in space. Of course, all this can be explained only by the German origin of Stolz, however, what then to be with Olga Ilyinskaya, a Russian young lady who, at twenty years old, was much more purposeful than Oblomov. And the point here is not even age (Oblomov at the time of the events was about 30 years old), but again in education. Olga grew up in her aunt's house, not restrained by either the strict instructions of her elders or the constant caress, and she learned everything herself. Therefore, she has such an inquisitive mind and a desire to live and act. After all, in childhood there was no one who would take care of her, hence the sense of responsibility and the inner core that does not allow her to deviate from her principles and way of life. Oblomov, on the other hand, was raised by the women of his family, and this is not his fault, but somewhere his mother’s fault, her so-called selfishness towards her child, a life filled with illusions, goblin and brownies, and maybe that was all society, in these domostroevskie times. “Although the adult Ilya Ilyich later learns that there are no rivers of honey and milk, there are no good sorceresses, although he jokes with a smile over the tales of the nurse, but this smile is not sincere, it is accompanied by a secret sigh: his fairy tale is mixed with life, and he sometimes unconsciously sad, why is a fairy tale not life, and life is not a fairy tale.

Oblomov remained to live in the fairy tales told by the nanny, and could not plunge into real life, because real life, for the most part, is black and gone, and people living in fairy tales have no place in it, because in In real life, everything happens not by a wave of a magic wand, but only thanks to the human will. Stolz says the same thing to Oblomov, but he is so blind and deaf, so captured by petty passions raging in his soul, that sometimes he does not even understand his best friend: “Well, brother Andrei, you are the same! There was one sensible person, and he went crazy. Who travels to America and Egypt! Englishmen: so they are so arranged by the Lord God; and they have nowhere to live at home. And who will go with us? Is it some desperate person who does not care about life. But even Oblomov himself does not care about life. And he is too lazy to live. And it seems that only love, a great and bright feeling, can revive him. But we know that this did not happen, although Oblomov tried very hard.

At the beginning of the birth of relations between Oblomov and Olga Ilyinskaya, the hope is also born in us that “happiness is possible”, and, indeed, Ilya Ilyich is simply transformed. We see him in the bosom of nature, in the country, away from the dusty bustle of the capital, and from the dusty sofa. He is almost like a child, and this village reminds us so much of Oblomovka, when the mind of Ilya Ilyich was still childish and inquisitive, and when the infection of the Russian spleen had not yet had time to seep into his body and soul. Probably, in Olga, he found his mother who died early and just as unquestioningly began to obey her, and was also happy that he took patronage over him, because he himself had not learned to manage his life. But love for Olga is another fairy tale, this time invented by him, although he wholeheartedly believes in it. The “superfluous person” is not able to cultivate this feeling, because it is also superfluous for him, just as he is superfluous for the whole world. However, Oblomov does not lie, confessing his love to Olga, because Olga is indeed a “fairy tale” character, because only a fairy from a fairy tale can fall in love with a person like him. How many wrong things Oblomov does - this is a letter he invented at night, this is a constant fear that they will gossip about them, this is an endlessly protracted affair with the arrangement of the wedding. Circumstances are always higher than Oblomov, and a person who is unable to manage them will certainly slide into the abyss of misunderstanding, despondency and blues. But Olga patiently waits for him, her patience can only be envied, and, finally, Oblomov himself decides to break off relations. The reason is very stupid and not worth it, but such is Oblomov. And this is probably the only act in his life that he could decide on, but the act is stupid and ridiculous: “Who cursed you, Ilya? What did you do? You are kind, smart, gentle, noble... and... you are dying! What ruined you? There is no name for this evil... - There is, - he said in a barely audible voice. She looked at him questioningly, her eyes full of tears. - Oblomovism! This is how one phenomenon ruined the whole life of a person! However, do not forget that it was he, this man, who gave rise to this phenomenon. It did not grow out of nowhere, it was not introduced like a disease, it was carefully cultivated, groomed and cherished in the soul of our hero, and took such strong roots that it is already impossible to pull it out. And when instead of a person we see only this phenomenon, wrapped in an outer shell, then such a person really becomes “superfluous” or ceases to exist altogether. This is how Oblomov quietly dies in the house of the widow Pshenitsyna, the same phenomenon instead of a person.

I would like to think that, nevertheless, society is to blame for such a weak-willed existence of Oblomov, because he lives in a quiet and calm time, free from upheavals, uprisings and wars. Maybe his soul is just calm, because there is no need to fight, worry about the fate of the people, his safety, the safety of his family. At such a time, many people are simply born, live and die, just like in Oblomovka, because time does not require feats from them. But we can say with confidence that if the danger had arisen, Oblomov would not have gone to the barricades under any circumstances. Therein lies his tragedy. And how then to be with Stolz, he is also a contemporary of Oblomov and lives with him in the same country, and in the same city, however, his whole life is like a small feat. No, Oblomov himself is to blame, and this makes it even worse, because in fact he is a good person.

But such is the fate of all "superfluous" people. Unfortunately, it is not enough to just be a good person, you also need to fight and prove it, which Oblomov, unfortunately, could not do. But he became an example for people then and today, an example of who you can become if you are not able not only to manage the events of life, but also yourself. They are “superfluous”, these people, they have no place in life, because it is cruel and merciless, first of all, to the weak and infirm, and because one must always fight for a place in this life!