The image of Famusov's life principles ideals morality. Chatsky's life ideals in the comedy "Woe from Wit" by Griboyedov

How does Molchalin reveal himself during a dialogue with Chatsky? How does he behave and what gives him the right to behave this way?

Molchalin is cynical and frank with Chatsky about his life views. He talks, from his point of view, with a loser (“You weren’t given ranks, were you unsuccessful in your service?”), Gives advice to go to Tatyana Yuryevna, is sincerely surprised by Chatsky’s harsh reviews about her and Foma Fomich, who “under three ministers was the head of the department ". His condescending, even instructive tone, as well as the story of his father's will, are explained by the fact that he does not depend on Chatsky, that Chatsky, with all his talents, does not enjoy the support of the Famus society, because their views differ sharply. And, of course, a considerable right to behave this way in a conversation with Chatsky gives Molchalin his success with Sophia. The principles of Molchalin's life may seem only ridiculous ("to please all people without exception", to have two talents - "moderation and accuracy", "after all, one must depend on others"), but the well-known dilemma "Is Molchalin ridiculous or terrible?" in this scene it is decided - scary. Molchalin spoke and expressed his views.

What are the moral and life ideals of the Famus society?

Analyzing the monologues and dialogues of the characters in the second act, we have already touched on the ideals of the Famus society. Some principles are expressed aphoristically: “And to take awards, and have fun”, “If only I got to be a general!”. The ideals of Famusov's guests are expressed in scenes of their arrival at the ball. Here Princess Khlestova, knowing well the price of Zagoretsky (“He is a liar, a gambler, a thief / I was from him and the door was locked ...”), accepts him, because he is a “master of pleasing”, got her a black-haired girl as a gift. Wives subjugate their husbands to their will (Natalya Dmitrievna, a young lady), the husband-boy, the husband-servant becomes the ideal of society, therefore, Molchalin also has good prospects for entering this category of husbands and making a career. All of them seek kinship with the rich and noble. Human qualities are not valued in this society. The true evil of noble Moscow was gallomania.

Why did gossip about Chatsky's madness arise and spread? Why are Famusov's guests so willing to support this gossip?

The emergence and spread of gossip about Chatsky's madness is a series of phenomena that is very interesting from a dramatic point of view. Gossip appears at first glance by chance. G.N., catching Sophia's mood, asks her how she found Chatsky. "He is not quite all there". What did Sophia mean, being under the impression of the conversation with the hero that had just ended? It is unlikely that she put a direct meaning into her words. But the interlocutor understood exactly that and asked again. And here in the head of Sophia, insulted for Molchalin, an insidious plan arises. Of great importance for explaining this scene are the remarks to Sophia's further remarks: "after a pause, she looks at him intently, to the side." Her further remarks are already aimed at the conscious introduction of this idea into the head of secular gossips. She no longer doubts that the rumor spread will be picked up and overgrown with details.

He is ready to believe!

Ah, Chatsky! you love to dress up everyone in jesters,

Would you like to try on yourself?

Rumors of madness are spreading with astonishing speed. A series of “little comedies” begins, when everyone puts their own meaning into this news, tries to give their own explanation. Someone speaks with hostility about Chatsky, someone sympathizes with him, but everyone believes, because his behavior and his views are inadequate to the norms accepted in this society. In these comedy scenes, the characters of the characters that make up the Famus circle are brilliantly revealed. Zagoretsky supplements the news on the go with an invented lie that his rogue uncle put Chatsky in the yellow house. The countess-granddaughter also believes, Chatsky's judgments seemed insane to her. The dialogue about Chatsky, the countess-grandmother and Prince Tugoukhovsky, is ridiculous, who, due to their deafness, add a lot to the rumor launched by Sophia: “the accursed Voltairian”, “crossed the law”, “he is in pusurmans”, etc. Then the comic miniatures are replaced by a mass scene (act three, phenomenon XXI), where almost everyone recognizes Chatsky as a madman.

Explain the meaning and determine the meaning of Chatsky's monologue about the Frenchman from Bordeaux.

The monologue "The Frenchman from Bordeaux" is an important scene in the development of the conflict between Chatsky and Famusovsky society. After the hero had conversations separately with Molchalin, Sofya, Famusov, his guests, in which a sharp opposition of views was revealed, here he delivers a monologue to the whole society gathered at the ball in the hall. Everyone has already believed in the rumor about his madness and therefore they expect obviously delusional speeches and strange, perhaps aggressive, actions from him. It is in this vein that the guests perceive Chatsky's speeches condemning the cosmopolitanism of the noble society. It is paradoxical that the hero expresses sound, patriotic thoughts (“slavish blind imitation”, “our smart cheerful people”; by the way, the condemnation of gallomania sometimes sounds in Famusov’s speeches), they take him for a madman and leave him, stop listening, diligently spin in a waltz , the old people disperse on the card tables.

Which depicts the life of the country after the Patriotic War of 1812. This is a life where two camps collided. The first camp is an advanced, Decembrist view, a new view of life, of its foundations. The second camp is the nobility, or the past century, they are also Famus society. It is precisely about the ideals of the Famus society that we will talk in, having considered both their moral and life ideals.

To understand what are the ideals in the Famus society, to highlight their ideals and values, it is enough to get acquainted with the work of Griboyedov. In it, the author, depicting the past century, creates images of the noble nobles of Moscow, who call themselves aces, they are also representatives of the Famus society.

Life ideals of the Famus society

Who is a person from this circle and what are their life ideals? Here we see only the rich, noble nobles, so to speak, the beau monde of the capital. All of them come from noble families, and the ideals of these people are simple and understandable.

For these people, only money is important, with the help of which both ranks and orders can be obtained. These are people who are not famous for their services to the Fatherland, for them civic duty means nothing, the main thing is that the groom has a thicker wallet and then he will be a respected person. Famusov, talking about the ideals of a person, says so, be inferior, but if there are souls of two thousand family members, he is the groom. So, Skalozub was a good candidate for suitors, because he was aiming for generals, besides, he also had a bag of gold. But if there is no money, if a person is poor, then the Famus society will treat him with contempt. You can’t even talk about serfs at all, because they are generally not considered people, calling them blockheads and crowbars. Again, in order for the beau monde to respect, wealth is needed. For example, Tatyana Yuryevna is respected, because she suits rich balls.

Moral ideals of the Famus society

If we talk about moral ideals and views in Famusov's society, then here for Famusov his uncle is the ideal, whom he sets as an example to everyone. His uncle served under Catherine, but he did not get his place at court with the help of any talents or merit. He simply sacrificed the back of his head, his neck simply often bent in bows. What is most terrible, many representatives of this environment also receive honor and wealth in the same way. The same Skolozub is no better. According to his story, in 1813 he simply sat in hiding, and after such an outstanding feat he received a medal, now he is waiting for the rank of general.

The ideal of the Famus society is definitely not enlightenment, because enlightenment and learning are like a plague for them. People who are engaged in science and creativity are useless people for society. Famusov believes that education only harms, so he would simply burn all the books. And they don't even read newspapers.

Famusov's entourage is also false patriots. They only talk about patriotism, but they themselves do nothing for the country. Although there are ranks, they are not deserved in the performance of military or civic duty. Foreign words are constantly heard in their conversation, they listen to French romances, they follow the French fashion.

The comedy "Woe from Wit" reflects the brewing split in the society of the nobility. The change of one century to another, the completed war of 1812, required the landowners to reassess their values ​​and change their outlook on social life. In this regard, there are nobles who want to improve the position of Russia by increasing the value of the human personality and civic consciousness. The struggle between the two groups of nobles is indicated in the play as a clash between the "current century" and the "past century". In the comedy Woe from Wit, Chatsky and Famusov are the main opponents.

The problem of the mind in comedy

A.S. Griboyedov wrote about his work: "In my comedy there are 25 fools for one sane person." Under the "sane person" Griboyedov means the main character of the comedy - Alexander Andreyevich Chatsky. But in the process of analyzing the work, it becomes clear that Famusov cannot be called a fool either. Since Griboyedov put his own thoughts and ideals into the image of Chatsky, the author is completely on the side of the protagonist. However, both Chatsky and Famusov have their own truth, which each of the heroes defends. And each of them has his own mind, just the mind of Chatsky and the mind of Famusov differ in quality.

The mind of a nobleman who adheres to conservative views and ideals is aimed at protecting his comfort, his warm place from everything new. The new is hostile to the old way of life of the feudal landlords, because it threatens its existence. Famusov adheres to such views.

Chatsky, on the other hand, is the owner of an efficient, flexible mind, aimed at building a new world, in which the main values ​​​​will be the honor and dignity of a person, his personality, and not money and position in society.

Values ​​and ideals of Chatsky and Famusov

The views of Chatsky and Famusov sharply diverge on all issues related to the way of life of a nobleman. Chatsky is a supporter of education, enlightenment, he himself is “sharp, smart, eloquent”, “writes and translates nicely”. Famusov and his society, on the contrary, consider excessive "scholarship" harmful to society and are very afraid of the appearance in their midst of people like Chatsky. The Chatskys threaten Famusov's Moscow with the loss of her usual comfort and the opportunity to spend her life "in feasts and in extravagance."

The dispute between Chatsky and Famusov also flares up around the attitude of the nobles to the service. Chatsky "does not serve, that is, he does not find any benefit in that." The protagonist of the comedy explains it this way: "I would be glad to serve - it's sickening to serve." But the conservative noble society is arranged in such a way that without “serving” it is impossible to achieve anything here. Chatsky wants to serve “the cause, not the individuals.”

But Famusov and his supporters have a completely different view on the issue of service.

Famusov's ideal is his late uncle Maxim Petrovich. He earned the respect of the Empress herself by the fact that once at a reception he behaved like a jester. Having stumbled and fallen, he decided to turn this awkward situation in his favor: he fell a few more times on purpose to make the audience and Empress Catherine laugh. This ability to "serve" brought Maxim Petrovich great wealth and weight in society.

Chatsky does not accept such ideals, for him this is a humiliation. He calls this time the age of "submissiveness and fear", which clamps down on human freedom. The hero's comparison of the "current century" and the "past century" does not turn out in favor of the latter, because now "everyone breathes more freely and is in no hurry to fit into the regiment of jesters."

Family values ​​of Chatsky and Famusov

The clash between Famusov and Chatsky also occurs over the divergence of their views on family values. Famusov believes that when creating a family, the presence of love is completely unimportant. “He who is poor is not a match for you,” he says to his daughter. Both in society and in the family, money is at the forefront. Wealth for the Famus society is the same as happiness. Personal qualities do not matter either in society or in the family: “Be poor, but if there are two thousand family souls, that is the groom.”

Chatsky, on the other hand, is a supporter of a living feeling, which is why he is terrible for Famus' Moscow. This hero puts love above money, education above position in society. Therefore, the conflict between Chatsky and Famusov flares up.

conclusions

A comparative description of Chatsky and Famusov reveals all the meanness and immorality of Famusov and his supporters. But Chatsky's time in the society described in the comedy "Woe from Wit" has not yet come. The protagonist is expelled from this environment, declaring him insane. Chatsky is forced to retreat due to the numerical superiority of the "past century." But he leaves Moscow not as a loser, but as a winner. Secular Moscow was frightened by his speeches. His truth is terrible for them, it threatens their personal comfort. His truth will triumph, so the replacement of the old by the new is historically natural.

The clash between Famusov and Chatsky is a dispute between two generations, two different worlds. The arguments and causes of the conflict described in this article can be used by students in grade 9 while writing an essay on the topic “Characteristics of Chatsky and Famusov in the comedy “Woe from Wit””

Artwork test

Life ideals of the Famus society

A. S. Griboyedov wrote his famous comedy “Woe from Wit” in the first half of the 19th century, in the midst of preparations for the December uprising. Revolutionary moods already prevailed in society. It seemed to be invisibly divided into the nobility that had developed by that time and new people who carried advanced ideas to the masses. Griboyedov himself belonged to the second camp, so A. A. Chatsky became the main character of the work.

And he condemns the established worldview of wealthy officials.

One of these Moscow landowners was Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov, in whose house the entire beau monde of the city gathered. Thanks to this hero, for more than two centuries there has been an expression “famus society”. Who are the people from Famusov's circle? All of them, without exception, come from noble families, and therefore, people who are poorer are treated with contempt.

They have a very prejudiced attitude towards serfs. For them, they are “parsley”, “chumps”, “crowbars”, etc. Famusov himself, turning to his workers, says: “Get you to work! Settle you!”

These so-called Moscow nobles boast of their patriotism, while doing nothing for the sake of the country. Even their ranks they deserved not brave military duty. They distort Russian names in the French manner, wear dresses modeled on foreign fashionistas, read French books, sing French romances.

This is what Chatsky condemns in them, who is unpleasant to see such false patriotism in his environment. The life ideals of the Famus society can also include indifference to service and a negative attitude towards teaching. For them, people engaged in science or creativity are useless subjects for society.

As Famusov says in relation to Chatsky's "madness": "Learning is the plague, learning is the reason that today, more than ever, there are crazy divorced people, deeds, and opinions." And everyone willingly agrees with him.

To be precise, the “past” century in Griboyedov’s work is represented by the Tugoukhovsky, Gorich, Khryumin families, the elderly Madame Khlestova, Skalozub, Zagoretsky and Repetilov. The Tugoukhovskys come to the Famusovs' ball to find “worthy” husbands for their daughters. Gorichi are old friends of Chatsky, but he perceives this couple with slight irony, because Natalya Dmitrievna skillfully subjugated her husband and made him a weak-willed person.

Countess Hryumina: grandmother and granddaughter. Chatsky especially dislikes the latter for her caustic manner of remarks and imitation of French milliners. Madame Khlestova is a domineering and capricious old woman who took with her a dog and a girl-arapka.

A special place in comedy is occupied by Skalozub, Repetilov and Zagoretsky. The first was chosen by Famusov as a husband for his daughter Sophia, since he is rude, uneducated, uncouth, but he has a good financial condition and occupies an “important” post. Zagoretsky is a former gambler, swindler and thief, and Repetilov is a thoughtless talker who, however, was lucky to marry the daughter of a wealthy official. With the tacit consent of these heroes, the fate of other people is decided in a comedy.

Thus, all representatives of the Famus society are united by a common ideals, which include inertia, lack of education, fear of progress, fear of everything that is new.

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38. Chatsky comes to Moscow, hoping for great changes that have taken place in society, and the remaining Sophia. But it turns out to be in a completely different situation. Sofya turned everything past into laughter, but in the city everything remained unchanged. Chatsky does not immediately notice the change that has occurred with Sophia. For her sake, after so many years, he came to Moscow, which never tempted him, [...] ...
39. The comedy “Woe from Wit” by Griboedov initially carried a frivolous, comedic character. But at the end of the work it becomes clear that it is dramatic and carries a deep meaning. The expression “woe from the mind” sounds somewhat paradoxical, because what kind of grief can there be from the fact that a person is smart and educated? But it turns out that it can! And Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov is excellent [...] ...
40. Griboyedov wrote his comedy for several years. The author tirelessly monitored the trends in the development of society and its aspirations. The result of these observations was the writing of a brilliant work "Woe from Wit", reflecting the interaction and contradiction of representatives of such worlds as minions of feudalism and progressive nobility. The defenders of serfdom are not able to come to terms with the fact that the time of slavery has sunk [...] ...