Did Gregory find the truth? Grigory Melekhov in search of social truth

>Compositions based on the work Quiet Flows the Don

Grigory Melekhov in search of the truth

Grigory Melekhov is the central character of the novel "Quiet Don", a true Don Cossack, a hardworking and economic person. Before the outbreak of the war, he was a cheerful, carefree and inexperienced youth. Being restless and obstinate by nature, he often committed rash acts. So, for example, he met with his neighbor's wife Aksinya, with whom he was madly in love. Despite this, he easily agreed to marry another girl - a young beauty, the daughter of wealthy parents Natalya Korshunova. Thus, he made two women unhappy at once. Gregory appears so careless at the beginning of the novel.

With age, he begins to think more about his actions. He himself suffers no less than Natalya and Aksinya because of such a twofold situation. He also faces the problem of a difficult choice at the front, not knowing whom to join: the “reds” or the “whites”. He doesn't like the whole idea of ​​war and senseless bloodshed, but the current situation in the country puts everyone in a dilemma. Gregory is not as sure of his choice as his brother or friends. He ponders for a long time in search of truth and justice, but he never finds it. Against the backdrop of this war, the personality of the protagonist is revealed in all colors.

So, from the very first days of service, it becomes clear that Gregory is not inclined to cruelty and is even humane. He desperately stands up for the young maid Franya, cannot sleep at night after the murder of an Austrian, denounces the brutal manners of Chubaty. However, over time, his character is also tempered, and the boundaries between good and evil are gradually blurred. Despite this, Gregory remains an honest, decent and loving person until the end of the novel. His ideas about what is happening are made up of observations of life and the people around him, but those very “blurred boundaries” do not allow him to get closer to the truth that he is looking for. The hero takes the side of either the "Reds" or the "Whites", but nowhere does he find what he needs.

The dual position at the front and in his personal life begins to gradually oppress Grigory. He even involuntarily envies those who blindly believe in only one "truth" and confidently fight for their views. Realizing the futility of war, he runs into the arms of his love, but even here a tragic fate awaits him. Aksinya dies right in his arms, wounded by a Red Guard stray bullet. In desperation, he decides to return home, to his "native" places, where he has only one son left - the only person who makes him related to the vast world. Starting his romance with Gregory's ancestors and ending with his son,

In search of social truth, he seeks an answer to the insoluble question about truth from the Bolsheviks (Garanzhi, Podtelkov), from Chubaty, from the Whites, but with a sensitive heart he guesses the immutability of their ideas. "Do you give land? Will? Compare? Our land is at least swallowed by it. Will is no longer needed, otherwise they will cut each other on the streets. Atamans were elected by themselves, and now they are imprisoning them... This power, apart from ruin, does not give anything to the Cossacks! They need masculine power. But we don't need generals either. Both communists and generals are one yoke. Grigory well understands the tragedy of his position, he realizes that he is only being used as a cog: "... learned people confused us ... hobbled life and do their business with our hands."

Melekhov’s soul suffers, in his words, “because he stood on the verge of a struggle between two principles, denying both of them ...” Judging by his actions, he was inclined to seek peaceful ways to resolve life's contradictions. He did not want to respond with cruelty to cruelty: he ordered the release of the captive Cossack - khoprets, released the arrested from prison, rushed to save Kotlyarov and Koshevoy, was the first to extend his hand to Mikhail, but he did not accept his generosity:

“- Enemies you and I… — Were. - Yes, you can see it. - I do not understand. Why? “You are an unreliable person… Grigory chuckled: “Your memory is strong!” You killed your brother Peter, but I don’t remind you of something ... If you remember everything, you have to live like wolves. - Well, well, I killed, I do not refuse! If I could catch you then, I would have you, like a pretty one!

And Melekhov’s sore spills out: “I served my own. I don't want to serve anyone else. I have fought enough in my life and I am terribly tired of my soul. I'm tired of everything, both the revolution and the counter-revolution. Let it all go… Let it all go to hell!” This man is tired of the grief of loss, wounds, throwing, but he is much kinder than Mikhail Koshevoy, Shtokman, Podtelkov. Grigory did not lose the human, his feelings, experiences are always sincere, they were not dulled, but perhaps aggravated. The manifestations of his responsiveness and sympathy for people are especially expressive in the final parts of the work. The hero is shocked by the spectacle of the dead: "baring his head, trying not to breathe, carefully" he goes around the dead old man, sadly stops in front of the corpse of a tortured woman, straightens her clothes.

Meeting with many small truths, ready to accept each one, Grigory falls into Fomin's gang. Staying in a gang is one of his most difficult and irreparable mistakes, the hero himself clearly understands this. Here is how Mikhail Alexandrovich Sholokhov conveys the state of the hero, who has lost everything except the ability to enjoy nature. “The water roared, breaking through a ridge of old poplars that stood in its way, and quietly, melodiously, soothingly babbled, swaying the tops of the flooded bushes. The days were fine and windless. Only occasionally in the clear sky did white clouds float, fluffed up in the high wind, and their reflections glided over the flood like a swan flock and disappeared, touching the far shore.

Melekhov loved to look at the wildly bubbling rapids sweeping along the coast, listen to the discordant sound of water and not think about anything, try not to think about anything that causes suffering. The depth of Gregory's experiences is connected here with the emotional unity of nature. This experience, the conflict with oneself, is resolved for him by the renunciation of war and weapons. Heading to his native farm, he threw it away, "thoroughly wiped his hands on the floor of his greatcoat."

“At the end of the work, Gregory renounces his whole life, dooms himself to longing and suffering. This is the longing of a man resigned to defeat, the longing of resignation to fate.

Who is he, Grigory Melekhov, the main character of the novel? Sholokhov himself, answering this question, said: "The image of Grigory is a generalization of the searches of many people ... the image of a restless person - a truth seeker ... bearing a reflection of the tragedy of the era." And Aksinya was right when, in response to Mishatka’s complaint that the guys didn’t want to play with him, because he is the son of a bandit, she says: “He is not your father’s bandit. He's so…unfortunate man."

Only this woman always understood Gregory. Their love is the most wonderful love story in modern literature. This feeling reveals the spiritual subtlety, delicacy, passion of the hero. He recklessly otlaetsya love for Aksinya, perceiving this feeling as a gift, like fate. At first, Gregory will still try to break all the ties that connect him with this woman, with his innate rudeness and harshness, he will tell her a well-known saying. But neither these words nor the young wife will be able to tear him away from Aksinya. He will not hide his feelings either from Stepan or from Natalya, and he will answer directly to his father’s letter: “You asked me to prescribe whether I will or not live with Natalya, but I’ll tell you, dad, that you can’t glue the cut edge” .

In this situation, the main thing in Grigory's behavior is the depth, passion of feeling. But such love brings people more mental suffering than love joys. The drama is also the fact that Melekhov's love for Aksinya is the cause of Natalya's suffering. Grigory is aware of this, but to get away from Astakhova, to save his wife from torment - he is not capable of this. And not because Melekhov is an egoist, he is simply a “child of nature”, a man of flesh and blood, instinct. The natural is intertwined in him with the social, and for him such a solution is unthinkable.

Aksinya beckons him with the familiar smell of sweat, drunkenness, and even her betrayal cannot wrest love from his heart. He tries to forget himself from torments and doubts in guilt and revelry, but this does not help either. After long wars, vain exploits, blood, this person understands that only old love remains his support. “The only thing left for him in life was a passion for Aksinya that flared up with new and irrepressible force. She alone beckoned him to her, as she beckons a traveler into a chilling black night, a distant, quivering fire flame.

The last attempt to happiness of Aksinya and Grigory (flight to the Kuban) ends with the death of the heroine and the black wild sun. “Like the steppe scorched by the popes, the life of Gregory became black. He lost everything that was dear to his heart. Only the children remained. But he himself still convulsively clung to the ground, as if in fact his broken life was of some value to him and others.

The little that Gregory dreamed about during sleepless nights came true. He stood at the gate of his native house, holding his son in his arms. It was all he had left in his life.

The fate of a Cossack, a warrior shedding his own and others' blood, rushing between two women and different camps, becomes a metaphor for the human destiny.

Grigory Melekhov in search of social truth

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The protagonist of the novel by M. A. Sholokhov "Quiet Flows the Don" Grigory Melekhov, looking for the truth of life, gets confused a lot, makes mistakes, suffers, because he does not find the moral truth he aspires to in any of the warring parties.

Gregory is faithful to the Cossack traditions, instilled in him from birth. But at the same time, he surrenders to the power of violent passion, capable of violating generally accepted norms and rules. Neither the formidable father, nor dirty rumors and ridicule can stop Gregory in his passionate outburst.

Melekhov is distinguished by an amazing ability to love. Unwittingly, at the same time, he causes pain to loved ones. Grigory himself suffers, suffers no less than Natalya, Aksinya, and his parents. The hero finds himself as if between two poles: love-duty and love-passion. Committing bad deeds from the point of view of public morality and meeting with a married woman, Gregory remains honest and sincere to the end. “And it’s a pity for you,” he says to Natalia, “to go to sleep, for these days we became related, but there is nothing in my heart ... Empty.”

Stormy historical events swirled Gregory in their whirlwind. But the more he goes into military operations, the more he is drawn to the land, to work. He often dreams of the steppe. His heart is always with my beloved, distant woman, with his native farm, kuren.

A new turn in history brings Melekhov back to the earth, to his beloved, to his family. Grigory meets with the house, with the farm after a long separation. The bosom of the family returns him to the world of shaken habitual ideas about the meaning of life, about the Cossack duty.

While fighting, “Grigory firmly protected the Cossack honor, seized the opportunity to show selfless courage, took risks, went wild, went disguised to the rear of the Austrians, removed outposts without bloodshed.” Over time, the hero changes. He feels that “that pain over a person that crushed him in the first days of the war has irrevocably gone. Hardened heart, hardened ... ". The initial portrait of Gregory is also changing: "... his eyes are hollow and his cheekbones are sharply sticking out."

The tragic upheaval, which split the world of the Cossacks into friends and foes, poses many difficult and acute questions for Gregory. The hero is faced with a choice. Where to go? With whom? For what? Where is the truth? Melekhov, on his path of search, encounters different people, each of whom has his own point of view on what is happening. So centurion Efim Izvarin does not believe in the universal equality declared by the Bolsheviks, he is convinced of the special fate and destiny of the Cossacks and stands for an independent, autonomous life of the Don region. He is a separatist. Grigory, delving into the essence of his speeches, tries to argue with him, but he is illiterate and loses in an argument with a well-educated centurion who knows how to consistently and logically express his thoughts. “Izvarin easily defeated him in verbal battles,” the author reports, and therefore Grigory falls under the strong influence of Izvarin's ideas.

Other truths are instilled in Melekhov by Podtelkov, who believes that the Cossacks have common interests with all Russian peasants and workers, with the entire proletariat. Podtelkov is convinced of the need for elected people's power. He speaks so competently, convincingly and passionately about his ideas that this makes Gregory listen to him and even believe. After a conversation with Podtelkov, the hero "painfully tried to sort out the confusion of thoughts, think over something, decide." In Gregory, an illiterate and politically unsophisticated person, despite various suggestions, the desire to find his truth, his place in life, something that is really worth serving is still actively pulsating. Those around him offer him different ways, but Grigory firmly answers them: "I myself am looking for an entrance."

There comes a moment when Melekhov wholeheartedly takes the side of the new system. But this system, with its cruelty to the Cossacks, injustice, once again pushes Gregory onto the warpath. Melekhov is shocked by the behavior of Chernetsov and Podtelkov in the scene of the massacre of Chernetsovites. It burns with blind hatred and enmity. Gregory, unlike them, is trying to protect an unarmed enemy from a merciless bloody race. Gregory does not stand up for the enemy - in each of the enemies he sees first of all a person.

But in war as in war. Fatigue and anger lead the hero to cruelty. This is eloquently evidenced by the episode of the murder of sailors. However, Gregory is not easily given such inhumanity. It is after this scene that Melekhov is deeply tormented by the realization of a terrible truth: he has gone far from what he was born for and what he fought for. “The wrong course in life, and maybe I’m to blame for this,” he understands.

An unrelenting truth, an unshakable value, always remains for the hero a native nest. In the most difficult moments of life, he turns to thoughts about the house, about his native nature, about work. These memories give Gregory a sense of harmony and peace of mind.

Gregory becomes one of the leaders of the Veshensky uprising. This is a new round in his path. But gradually he becomes disillusioned and realizes that the uprising did not bring the expected results: the Cossacks suffer from the Whites in the same way that they suffered from the Reds before. Well-fed officers - the nobles contemptuously and arrogantly treat the ordinary Cossack and only dream of achieving success with his help in their new campaigns; the Cossacks are only a reliable means of achieving their goals. The boorish attitude of General Fitskhelaurov towards him is outrageous for Grigory, foreign invaders are hated and disgusting.

Painfully enduring everything that is happening in the country, Melekhov nevertheless refuses to evacuate. “Whatever the mother, she is someone else’s kindred,” he argues. And such a position deserves all respect.

The next transitional stage, salvation for Gregory again becomes a return to the earth, to Aksi-nye, to the children. He is suddenly imbued with extraordinary warmth and love for children, he realizes that they are the meaning of his existence. The habitual way of life, the atmosphere of his native home give rise in the hero to the desire to get away from the struggle. Gregory, having passed a long and difficult path, loses faith in both whites and reds. Home and family are true values, real support. Violence, repeatedly seen and known, evokes disgust in him. More than once he does noble deeds under the influence of hatred towards him. Grigory releases the relatives of the Red Cossacks from prison, drives a horse to death in order to have time to save Ivan Alekseevich and Mishka Koshevoy from death, leaves the square, not wanting to be a witness to the execution of the underdogs.

Quick to reprisal and unjustifiably cruel, Mishka Koshevoy pushes Gregory to run away from home. He is forced to wander around the farms and, as a result, joins Fomin's gang. Love for life, for children does not allow Gregory to give up. He understands that if he does not act, he will be shot. Melekhov has no choice, and he joins the gang. A new stage of Gregory's spiritual quest begins.

Little remains with Gregory by the end of the novel. Children, native land and love for Aksinya. But the hero is waiting for new losses. He deeply and grievously experiences the death of his beloved woman, but finds the strength to search for himself further: “Everything was taken away from him, everything was destroyed by ruthless death. Only the children remained. But he himself still convulsively clung to the ground, as if, in fact, his broken life represented some kind of value for him and for others.

Gregory spends most of his life in captivity of hatred tearing the world, death, becoming hardened and falling into despair. Stopping on the way, he discovers with disgust that, hating violence, he does not set death. He is the head and support of the family, but he has no time to be at home, among people who love him.

All the attempts of the hero to find himself are the path of going through the torments. Melekhov goes forward with an open to everything, "tossed" heart. He is looking for wholeness, genuine and undeniable truths, in everything he wants to get to the very essence. His searches are passionate, his soul burns. He is tormented by an unsatisfied moral hunger. Gregory longs for self-determination, he is not without self-condemnation. Melekhov is looking for the root of mistakes, including in himself, in his deeds. But about the hero who went through many thorns, it can be said with confidence that his soul, in spite of everything, is alive, it has not been ruined by the most difficult life circumstances. Evidence of this is Gregory's desire for peace, for peace, for the land, the desire to return home. Without waiting for an amnesty, Melekhov returns home. He has only one desire - the desire for peace. His goal is to raise his son, a generous reward for all the pains of life. Mishatka is Gregory's hope for the future, in him is the possibility of continuing the Melekhov family. These thoughts of Gregory are confirmation that he is broken by the war, but not broken by it.

The path of Grigory Melekhov to the truth is a tragic path of human wanderings, gains, mistakes and losses, evidence of a close connection between personality and history. This difficult path was traversed by the Russian people in the 20th century.

Critic Y. Lukin wrote about the novel: “The meaning of the figure of Grigory Melekhov ... expands, going beyond the scope and specifics of the Cossack environment of the Don in 1921 and grows to a typical image of a person who did not find his way during the years of the revolution.”

To live life is not a field to cross.

folk proverb

The dramatic fates of the main characters, the cruel lessons of the fate of Grigory Melekhov, the protagonist of the novel, reflect in Sholokhov's novel "The Quiet Flows the Don" the painful search for historical truth on the path of building a new life by the people.

Grigory Melekhov is a real Don Cossack, economical and hardworking, a wonderful hunter, rider, fisherman. Before the war and the revolution, he is quite happy and carefree. An ardent commitment to military service, glory rescues him in the first trials, on the fields of bloody battles in 1914.

But Gregory does not want blood, and this distinguishes him from the rest. He does not want war either, but gradually notices that all his talents, his life, his youth go into the dangerous craft of killing people. Melekhov has no time to stay at home, there is no time and opportunity to pay attention to the family, people who love him. The cruelty, filth, and violence surrounding him forced Gregory to look at life in a new way.

In the hospital where Melekhov was after being wounded, under the influence of revolutionary propaganda, he had doubts about the correctness of maintaining loyalty to the tsar, military duty.

The year 1917 caught Gregory in a disorderly and painful attempt to decide in this "troubled time." But his mistake is that he tries to distinguish the truth by external signs, without delving into the essence. At first, Melekhov fights for the Reds, but the killing of unarmed prisoners by them repels him, and when the Bolsheviks come to his native farm, committing robberies and violence, he fights them with cold fury. And again he does not know what to do and how to act.

Deep doubts repel Melekhov from both the Reds and the Whites: "They are all the same ... They are all a yoke around the neck of the Cossacks." During this time of painful reflection, Grigory learns about the uprising of the Cossacks against the Bolsheviks in the upper reaches of the Don and takes the side of the rebels. He thinks: “Everyone has his own truth, his own furrow. For a piece of bread, for a plot of land, for the right to life - people have always fought and will continue to fight. One must fight with those who want to win back life, the right to it; you have to fight hard, not swaying, like in a wall, but the heat of hatred, the hardness gives the fight.

Demotion, the death of his wife and many other painful blows of fate subsequently bring Grigory Melekhov to the last degree of despair. In the end, he joins Budyonny's cavalry, heroically fights with the Poles, wanting to clear himself before the Bolsheviks.

But for Gregory there is no salvation in Soviet reality, where even neutrality is considered a crime. And he envies the White Guards, thinking that everything was clear to them from the very beginning, “and everything is still unclear to me. They have straight roads ... and since the 17th I have been walking around the forts like a drunk, swaying.

Trying to get rid of doubts, Grigory flees from his native farm, but after long wanderings, longing for children, for Aksinya, he secretly returns to pick up his beloved woman. He wants to start a new life in the hope of making his way to the Kuban. But happiness does not last long: on the way they are overtaken by a horse outpost, Aksinya dies. Gregory has nowhere else to go and no reason to hurry. material from the site

Hiding in the forest for weeks, Grigory experiences an unbearable desire "to walk ... around his native places, show off like children, then he could die."

Melekhov returns to his native farm. “That little thing that Grigory dreamed about during sleepless nights came true. He stood at the gates of his native house, holding his son in his arms ... It was all that remained in his life, which still made him related to the earth, with all this huge world shining under the cold sun.

In the image of Grigory Melekhov, M. Sholokhov embodied the endless search by the common people for historical truth, which allows them to build an honest, bright, just and happy world for the majority.

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Grigory Melekhov in search of the truth. The dramatic fates of the main characters, the cruel lessons of the fate of Grigory Melekhov, the protagonist of the novel, reflect in Sholokhov's novel "The Quiet Flows the Don" the painful search for historical truth on the way to building a new life for the people.

Grigory Melekhov is a real Don Cossack, economic and hardworking, a wonderful hunter, rider, fisherman. Before the war and the revolution, he is quite happy and carefree. An ardent commitment to military service, glory rescues him in the first trials, on the fields of bloody battles in 1914.
But Gregory does not want blood, and this distinguishes him from the rest. He does not want war either, but gradually notices that all his talents, his life, his youth go into the dangerous craft of killing people. Melekhov has no time to stay at home, there is no time and opportunity to pay attention to the family, people who love him. The cruelty surrounding him, dirt, violence forced Gregory to look at life in a new way.
In the hospital where Melekhov was after being wounded, under the influence of revolutionary propaganda, he began to have doubts about the correctness of remaining faithful to the tsar, military duty.
The year 1917 caught Gregory in disorderly and painful attempts to make up his mind in this “troubled time”. But his mistake is that he tries to distinguish the truth by external signs, without delving into the essence. At first, Melekhov fights for the Reds, but the killing of unarmed prisoners by them repels him, and when the Bolsheviks come to his native farm, committing robberies and violence, he fights them with cold fury. And again he does not know what to do and how to act.
Deep doubts repel Melekhov from both the Reds and the Whites: "They are all the same ... They are all a yoke around the neck of the Cossacks." During this time of painful reflection, Grigory learns about the uprising of the Cossacks against the Bolsheviks in the upper reaches of the Don and takes the side of the rebels. He thinks: “Everyone has his own truth, his own furrow. For a piece of bread, for a plot of land, for the right to life - people have always fought and will continue to fight. One must fight with those who want to win back life, the right to it; you have to fight hard, not swaying, - like in a wall, - but the heat of hatred, the hardness gives the struggle.
Demotion, the death of his wife and many other painful blows of fate subsequently bring Grigory Melekhov to the last degree of despair. In the end, he joins Budyonny's cavalry, heroically fights the Poles, wanting to clear himself before the Bolsheviks.
But for Gregory there is no salvation in Soviet reality, where even neutrality is considered a crime. And he envies the White Guards, thinking that everything was clear to them from the very beginning, “and everything is still unclear to me. They have straight roads ... and since the 17th I have been walking around the forts like a drunk, swaying.”
Trying to get rid of doubts, Grigory flees from his native farm, but after long wanderings, longing for children, for Aksinya, he secretly returns to pick up his beloved woman. He wants to start a new life in the hope of making his way to the Kuban. But happiness does not last long: on the way they are overtaken by a horse outpost, Aksinya dies. Gregory has nowhere else to go and no reason to hurry.
Hiding in the forest for weeks, Grigory feels an unbearable desire “to walk around ... in his native places, to show off like children, then he could die.”
Melekhov returns to his native farm. “That little thing that Grigory dreamed about during sleepless nights came true. He stood at the gates of his native house, holding his son in his arms ... This was all that remained in his life, which still made him related to the earth, with all this huge world shining under the cold sun.
In the image of Grigory Melekhov, M. Sholokhov embodied the endless search for historical truth by the common people, which allows them to build an honest, bright, just and happy world for the majority.