What atmosphere reigns in the house of the boar. Characteristics and image of a wild boar in the play of the Ostrov thunderstorm essay

The image of the "dark kingdom" in the work "Thunderstorm" embodies the provincial town of Kalinov. The poor in it are forced to work around the clock, rich people prefer to spend time behind high fences and "eat" everyone who is in a state of dependence on them. The customs of the patriarchal merchant class are personified by the Kabanov family.

Marfa Ignatievna, a wealthy merchant's wife, is called nothing more than "Boar". This nickname gives the impression of something unpleasant. The heroine has a difficult character. She is despotic, power-hungry. Boar

He does not recognize anything new and believes in the power of rituals. She loves children in her own way, but considers them incapable of making their own choices. Marfa Ignatievna does not tolerate objections. Son Tikhon tries to be out of the house as often as possible so as not to be influenced by her, and daughter Varvara learns to deceive. Only Katerina, Kabanikh's daughter-in-law, can neither pretend nor go somewhere. She believes in the best and cannot stand the cruel morals that reign in the family.

Readers can remember Tikhon only as the son of Kabanikha - this is exactly the description the author gives him at the beginning of the work. The hero has a weak character. His desire to leave

Out of control is expressed in sprees away from home. Tikhon loves his wife and does not want to hurt her. He is at odds with himself and cannot choose between his overbearing mother and Katerina. Kabanov opposes Marfa Ignatievna when it is already too late: his wife passes away.

The character of Varvara Kabanova can be described by her name: "barbarian, foreigner." As long as the heroine manages to deceive her mother, she does not enter into open conflict. “If only everything was sewn and covered” - such a rule is true for the Kabanovs' house. As soon as the secret becomes clear, and Kabanikha tries to restrict her daughter's freedom, Varvara runs away. There is no doubt that her ability to adapt to circumstances will prove useful.

Katerina was never able to become part of the Kabanov family. She spends most of her time reminiscing about the past. A young woman dreams of flying like a bird, of being free. Nothing can keep her in the "dark kingdom": Boris does not pass the test of love, Tikhon does not dare to object to his mother ... A thunderstorm begins in Katerina's life. She dies, remaining proud and independent.

Thus, the Kabanov family in the play is represented by several characteristic images. Similar people can be found in different cities. Ostrovsky gives an exhaustive description of the patriarchal world and the people who live in it.

Essays on topics:

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2. In the drama "Thunderstorm" the younger generation is represented very widely: this is Katerina, her husband Tikhon, beloved Boris, Varvara, Kudryash. Considering the theme of the essay...
3. A. N. Ostrovsky is a great Russian playwright. He was the first in Russian literature to lift the veil over the life of the merchant class, to show the powerlessness of women...
4. Tikhon and Boris became the men who predetermined the fate of the main character in Ostrovsky's play The Thunderstorm by Katerina. For the first time Tikhon Kabanov we...

Life and customs of the merchants in the drama of A. N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm" A thunderstorm is a purifying and necessary phenomenon in nature. It brings with it freshness and coolness after exhausting heat, life-giving moisture after sushi. It has a cleansing, renewing effect. In the literature of the middle century, the play by A. N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm" became such a "breath of fresh air", a new outlook on life. The great Russian river, the original people living on it, gave the author rich creative material. The drama sounded like the tragic voice of the time, like the cry of the people's soul, no longer willing to endure oppression and bondage. In The Thunderstorm, Ostrovsky returned to his favorite subject, to the depiction of a family conflict in a merchant environment. But he realized this conflict in its internal dramatic development, brought it to a decisive denouement, and thereby for the first time went beyond the comedy genre. Dobrolyubov called the life of Kalinov and similar cities of Russia of that time a “dark kingdom”. Sleepy, calm, measured existence. Most of the time Kalinovtsy spends at home, where, behind high walls and strong castles, they leisurely eat, do some household chores, and sleep. “They go to bed very early, so it is difficult for an unaccustomed person to endure such a sleepy night.” On holidays, residents leisurely, decorously walk along the boulevard, but “even then they do one thing, that they walk, but they themselves go there to show their outfits.” The townsfolk of Kalinov have no desire for knowledge of culture, science, they are not interested in new ideas and thoughts. People are superstitious, submissive, in their opinion, "and Lithuania fell from the sky." Sources of news, rumors are wanderers, pilgrims, "walkers". "Due to their weakness" they did not go far, but "to hear - they heard a lot." The basis of relationships between people in Kalinov is material dependence. Here, money is everything. The author emphasizes that because of profit, merchants spoil each other's trade, constantly quarrel among themselves, harm their yesterday's friends: "I'll spend it, and it will cost him a pretty penny." Boris does not dare to defend himself against the insults of the Wild, since according to the will he can receive an inheritance only if he is respectful to his uncle. The character of Dikoy is a new and significant manifestation of the internal inertia and inertia of the Russian bourgeoisie. Wild - strength. The power of his money in the conditions of a small town already reaches such limits that he allows himself to "pat the mayor himself on the shoulder." In the list of actors of the "Thunderstorm" Savel Prokofievich Dikoy is called "a significant person in the city." So is Marfa Ignatievna Kabanova. Masters of life, rulers and owners. Their example shows the power of money, which has reached unprecedented proportions. However, Dikoy, one of the richest people in Kalinov, himself descends to a direct scam: “I won’t pay them a penny a penny per person, and I make up thousands of this, so it’s good for me!” Scolding, swearing for any reason is not only the usual treatment of people, it is his nature, his character, even more than that - the content of life.

longing for life. The tyranny of the Wild knows no bounds. He does not allow his family to live in peace. When the owner was out of sorts, "everyone hid in attics and closets." However, in his typically tyrannical logic, there is one interesting point: an ardent scolder himself is not happy with his character: “You are my friend, but if you come and ask me, I will scold you.” Isn't it true, we feel that the tyranny of the Wild One is cracking? Firmly stands guard over the patriarchal, house-building orders of antiquity, jealously guards the life of his home from the fresh wind of Kabanov's changes. Unlike Wild, she never swears, she has her own methods of intimidation: she, “like rusty iron”, sharpens her loved ones, hiding behind religious dogmas and regrets about the trampled antiquity. She will never reconcile herself to human weaknesses, she will never compromise. Kabanova is all chained to the ground, all her forces are directed at holding, collecting, upholding the way of life, she is the guardian of the ossified form of the patriarchal world. Kabanova needs everyone to appear, everyone to look according to her rules. She perceives life as a ceremony, and it is terrible for her to think that her rules have long outlived their usefulness. Love, filial and maternal feelings do not exist in this house, they are corroded, trampled into the mud by arbitrariness, hypocrisy, malice. Kabanikhe is haunted by the fact that the young did not like her way of life, that they want to live differently. Wild and Kabanova have a detrimental effect on others, Poisoning their lives, destroying their bright feelings, making them their slaves. And this is their main fault. Therefore, among the actors there is no one who does not belong to the Kalinovsky world. The younger generation of Groza is represented by Kudryash, Barbara, Boris, Tikhon. Unlike Katerina, they all take the position of worldly compromises and do not see any drama in this. Of course, the oppression of their elders is hard for them, but they have learned to get around it, each to the best of their characters. Barbara is shallow in her feelings and requests. She is the most adaptable of all. For all her backwardness, she found a comfortable way of life for herself; she has the necessary reserve of energy and willpower in order to bypass the straightforward prohibitions of the domostroevsky world in her love for Kudryash. Tikhon is a gentle and weak person, he rushes between the harsh demands of his mother and compassion for his wife. He loves Katerina in his own way, but not at all in the way that the norms of ideal patriarchal morality require. Varvara and Kudryash lead a wild life, Tikhon gets rest with an extra glass of vodka, but they observe outward respect for their elders. From the outside world in the play, only Boris. He does not belong to the Kalinov world by birth and upbringing, he does not look like other residents of the city in appearance and manners, but in the way he behaves, he is completely Kalinov. According to Dobrolyubov, Boris relates "more to the situation", without violating the isolation of Kalinov's world. But life does not stand still, tyrants feel that their power is limited. Dobrolyubov notes: “Everything seems to be the same, everything is fine: Dikoy scolds someone and wants.

wants ... Kabanova keeps her children in fear ... daughter-in-law ... But everything is somehow restless, not good for them. In addition to them, without asking them, another life has grown, with other beginnings, and is already sending bad visions to the dark arbitrariness of tyranny.

In Ostrovsky's drama "Thunderstorm" the problems of morality are widely posed. On the example of the provincial town of Kalinov, the playwright showed the truly cruel customs reigning there. The personification of these morals is the house of the Kabanovs.

Let's get acquainted with its representatives.

Marfa Ignatievna Kabanova - champion of the old world. Already the name itself draws us a heavy, heavy woman, and the nickname "Boar" complements this unpleasant picture. The boar lives the old fashioned way, in accordance with a strict order. But she keeps only appearances

This order, which maintains in people: a good son, an obedient daughter-in-law. He even complains: “They don’t know anything, there is no order ... What will happen, how the old people will die, how the light will stand, I don’t know. Well, at least it’s good that I don’t see anything. ” In the house, real arbitrariness reigns. The boar is despotic, rude to the peasants, "eats" the household and does not tolerate objections. Her son is completely subordinate to her will, she expects this from her daughter-in-law.

Next to Kabanikha, who every day “grinds all her household like rusty iron,” the merchant Dikoy, whose name is associated with wild strength, is speaking. Wild not only "grinds and saws" members

Your family.

He also suffers from the men whom he deceives in the calculation, and, of course, the buyers, as well as his clerk Kudryash, a recalcitrant and impudent guy, ready to teach a lesson to the "scold" in a dark alley with his fists.

The character of Wild Ostrovsky described very accurately. For Wild, the main thing is money, in which he sees everything: power, glory, worship. This is especially striking in the small town where he lives. He can already easily “pat on the shoulder” of the mayor himself.

The images of Tikhon and Boris are developed insignificantly. Dobrolyubov, in a well-known article, says that Boris can be rather attributed to the setting than to the heroes. In the remark, Boris is distinguished only by his clothes: "All persons, except Boris, are dressed in Russian." This is the first difference between him and the inhabitants of Kalinov. The second difference is that he studied at a commercial academy in Moscow. But Ostrovsky made him a nephew of Wild, and this suggests that, despite some differences, he belongs to the people of the "dark kingdom". This is confirmed by the fact that he is not able to fight this kingdom. Instead of extending a helping hand to Katerina, he advises her to submit to her fate. The same and Tikhon. Already in the list of characters it is said about him that he is “her son”, that is, the son of Kabanikhi. He really is more like just a son of Kabanikha than a person. Tikhon has no willpower. The only desire of this man is to break out from under the care of his mother in order to take a walk for the whole year. Tikhon is also unable to help Katerina. Both Boris and Tikhon leave her alone with their inner feelings.

If Kabanikha and Wild belong to the old way, Kuligin carries the ideas of enlightenment, then Katerina is at a crossroads. Raised and brought up in a patriarchal spirit, Katerina fully follows this lifestyle. Cheating here is considered unforgivable, and, having cheated on her husband, Katerina sees this as a sin before God. But her character is naturally proud, independent and free. Her dream of flying means breaking free from the power of her despotic mother-in-law and from the stuffy world of the Kabanovs' house. As a child, she once, offended by something, went to the Volga in the evening. The same protest is heard in her words addressed to Varya: “And if I get really sick of it here, they won’t hold me back by any force. I'll throw myself out the window, I'll throw myself into the Volga. I don’t want to live here, so I won’t, even if you cut me!” In Katerina's soul there is a struggle between the pangs of conscience and the desire for freedom. She does not know how to adapt to life, to be hypocritical and pretend, as Kabanikha does, she does not know how to look at the world as easily as Varya.

The customs of the Kabanovs' house drive Katerina to suicide.

How does this fragment show the unfavorable family relations in the Kabanovs' house?

STEP 1

Phenomenon 5

Kabanova, Kabanov, Katerina and Varvara.

Kabanova. If you want to listen to your mother, then when you get there, do as I ordered you.

Kabanov. But how can I, mother, disobey you!

Kabanov. There is not much respect for elders these days.

Barbara (to herself). Do not respect you, how!

Kabanov. I, it seems, mother, not a step out of your will.

Kabanova. I would believe you, my friend, if I didn’t see with my own eyes and hear with my own ears, what a reverence for parents from children has now become! If only they remembered how many diseases mothers endure from children.

Kabanov. I mama...

Kabanova. If a parent that when and offensive, in your pride, says so, I think it could be transferred! BUT! how do you think?

Kabanov. But when did I, mother, not endure from you?

Kabanova. Mother is old, stupid; well, and you, smart young people, should not exact from us, fools.

Kabanov (sighing, to the side). Oh you, Lord! (To the mother.) Yes, mother, do we dare to think!

Kabanova. After all, out of love, parents are strict with you, out of love they scold you, everyone thinks to teach good. Well, now I don't like it. And the children will go to people to praise that the mother is grumbling, that the mother does not give a pass, she is dying from the light. And, God forbid, one cannot please the daughter-in-law with some word, well, the conversation went that the mother-in-law was completely stuck.

Kabanov. Something, mother, who is talking about you?

Kabanova. I didn’t hear, my friend, I didn’t hear, I don’t want to lie. If only I had heard, I would not have spoken to you, my dear, then. (Sighs.) Oh, a grave sin! How long to sin! A conversation close to the heart will go on, well, you will sin, get angry. No, my friend, say what you want about me. You will not order anyone to speak; they won’t dare in the eyes, so they will become behind the eyes.

Kabanov. Let your tongue dry.

Kabanov. Complete, complete, don't worry! Sin! I have long seen that your wife is dearer to you than your mother. Since I got married, I don’t see the same love from you.

Kabanov. What do you see, mother?

Kabanov. Yes, everything, my friend! What a mother cannot see with her eyes, she has a prophetic heart, she can feel with her heart. Al wife takes you away from me, I don’t know.

Kabanov. No, mother! what are you, have mercy!

Katerina. For me, mother, it’s all the same that your own mother, that you, and Tikhon loves you too.

Kabanov. You would, it seems, could be silent, if you are not asked. Do not intercede, mother, I will not offend, I suppose! After all, he is also my son; don't you forget it! What did you jump out in the eyes of something to poke! To see, or what, how you love your husband? So we know, we know, in the eyes of something you prove it to everyone.

Barbara (to herself). Found a place to read.

Katerina. You are talking about me, mother, in vain. With people, that without people, I'm still alone, I don't prove anything from myself.

Kabanov. Yes, I didn’t want to talk about you; and so, by the way, I had to.

(A.N. Ostrovsky, "Thunderstorm".)

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The basis of the love of a strong family is love and trust. In the house of the Kabanovs, family relations are based on despotism on the one hand and obedience on the other. Numerous remarks help to understand the true thoughts and feelings of the characters, hidden from others by flattering phrases: “Yes, dry your tongue!”, “Yes, do we dare to think, mother!”. Kabanova is pleased with such an attitude from the family, although in the depths

Life and customs of the merchants in the drama "Thunderstorm" by A. N. Ostrovsky A thunderstorm is a purifying and necessary phenomenon in nature. It brings with it freshness and coolness after exhausting heat, life-giving moisture after sushi. It has a cleansing, renewing effect. Such a "breath of fresh air", a new outlook on life in the literature of the middle century was the play by A. N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm". The great Russian river, the original people living on it, gave the author rich creative material. The drama sounded like the tragic voice of the time, like the cry of the people's soul, no longer willing to endure oppression and bondage. In "Thunderstorm" Ostrovsky returned to his favorite subject, to the depiction of family conflict in the merchant environment. But he realized this conflict in its internal dramatic development, brought it to a decisive denouement, and thereby for the first time went beyond the comedy genre. Dobrolyubov called the life of Kalinov and similar cities of Russia of that time a "dark kingdom". Sleepy, calm, measured existence. Most of the time Kalinovtsy spends at home, where, behind high walls and strong castles, they leisurely eat, do some household chores, and sleep. "They go to bed very early, so it is difficult for an unaccustomed person to endure such a sleepy night." On holidays, residents leisurely, decorously stroll along the boulevard, but "even then they do one thing, that they walk, but they themselves go there to show their outfits." The townsfolk of Kalinov have no desire for knowledge of culture, science, they are not interested in new ideas and thoughts. People are superstitious, submissive, in their opinion, "and Lithuania fell from the sky." Sources of news, rumors are wanderers, pilgrims, "walkers". "Because of their weakness" they did not go far, but "to hear - they heard a lot." The basis of relationships between people in Kalinov is material dependence. Here, money is everything. The author emphasizes that because of profit, merchants spoil each other's trade, constantly quarrel among themselves, harm their yesterday's friends: "I'll spend it, and it will cost him a pretty penny." Boris does not dare to defend himself against the insults of the Wild, since according to the will he can receive an inheritance only if he is respectful to his uncle. The character of Dikoy is a new and significant manifestation of the internal inertia and inertia of the Russian bourgeoisie. Wild - strength. The power of his money in a small town already reaches such limits that he allows himself to "pat the mayor himself on the shoulder." In the list of actors of "Thunderstorm" Savel Prokofievich Dikoy is called "a significant person in the city." So is Marfa Ignatievna Kabanova. Masters of life, rulers and owners. Their example shows the power of money, which has reached unprecedented proportions. However, Dikoy, one of Kalinov's richest people, himself descends to a direct scam: "I'll underpay them a penny per person, and I have thousands of this, so it's good for me!" Scolding, swearing for any reason is not only the usual treatment of people, it is his nature, his character, even more than that - the content of life. The tyranny of the Wild knows no bounds. He does not allow his family to live in peace. When the owner was out of sorts,

They hid in attics and closets." However, in his typically tyrannical logic, there is one interesting point: an ardent scolder himself is not happy with his character: "You are my friend, but if you come to ask me, I will scold you." Isn't it true, we feel that the tyranny of Dikoy gives a crack? Firmly stands guard over the patriarchal, house-building orders of antiquity, jealously guards the life of her home from the fresh wind of Kabanov's changes. Unlike Dikoy, she never swears, she has her own methods of intimidation: she, "like rust iron, "grinds her loved ones, hiding behind religious dogmas and regrets about trampled antiquity. She will never reconcile with human weaknesses, she will never compromise. Kabanova is all riveted to the ground, all her forces are aimed at keeping ", collecting, upholding the way of life, she is the guardian of the ossified form of the patriarchal world. Kabanova needs everyone to appear, everyone to look according to her rules. She perceives life as a ceremony, and she is afraid to think that her the rules are long outdated. Love, filial and maternal feelings do not exist in this house, they are corroded, trampled into the mud by arbitrariness, hypocrisy, malice. Kabanikhe is haunted by the fact that the young did not like her way of life, that they want to live differently. Wild and Kabanova have a detrimental effect on others, Poisoning their lives, destroying their bright feelings, making them their slaves. And this is their main fault. Therefore, among the actors there is no one who does not belong to the Kalinovsky world. The younger generation of "Groza" is represented by Kudryash, Varvara, Boris, Tikhon. Unlike Katerina, they all take the position of worldly compromises and do not see any drama in this. Of course, the oppression of their elders is hard for them, but they have learned to get around it, each to the best of their characters. Barbara is shallow in her feelings and requests. She is the most adaptable of all. For all her backwardness, she found a comfortable way of life for herself; she has the necessary reserve of energy and willpower in order to bypass the straightforward prohibitions of the domostroevsky world in her love for Kudryash. Tikhon is a gentle and weak person, he rushes between the harsh demands of his mother and compassion for his wife. He loves Katerina in his own way, but not at all in the way that the norms of ideal patriarchal morality require. Varvara and Kudryash lead a wild life, Tikhon gets rest with an extra glass of vodka, but they observe outward respect for their elders. From the outside world in the play, only Boris. He does not belong to the Kalinov world by birth and upbringing, he does not look like other residents of the city in appearance and manners, but in the way he behaves, he is completely Kalinov. According to Dobrolyubov, Boris relates "more to the situation", without violating the isolation of Kalinov's world. But life does not stand still, tyrants feel that their power is limited. Dobrolyubov notes: “Everything seems to be still, everything is fine: Dikoi scolds anyone he wants ... Kabanova keeps her children ... daughter-in-law in fear ... And everything is somehow restless, not good for them. Apart from them, without asking them, another life has grown up, with other beginnings, and is already sending bad visions to the dark arbitrariness of tyranny.