Famous architectural monuments of world importance. Monuments of Russia

: it was there that the leading architects of Russia lived and worked. However, they also built buildings in other cities. 10 buildings of the Russian hinterland from architects of the first magnitude - in the selection of the Kultura.RF portal.

Cathedral of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Rostov-on-Don

Cathedral of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Architect Konstantin Ton. 1854–1860 Photo: Dmitry Artemiev / Wikipedia

In the middle of the 19th century, Konstantin Ton was one of the most famous domestic architects. He mainly worked in Moscow and St. Petersburg, but among his works there are buildings in other cities. In 1854–1860, a church was erected in Rostov-on-Don according to Ton's standard design. The neo-Byzantine-style five-domed church is very similar to other buildings of the architect - the Moscow Cathedral of Christ the Savior, as well as the unpreserved Vvedensky Cathedral in St. Petersburg and Svyatodukhovsky in Petrozavodsk.

The temple was built with the money of local merchants. Konstantin Ton himself did not participate in the construction of the Rostov Cathedral - the work was supervised by the architect Alexander Kutepov, and the 75-meter bell tower was later built by Anton Campioni. In Soviet times, a zoo worked on the territory of the temple, and a warehouse was located in the church itself.

Bank of the Rukavishnikovs in Nizhny Novgorod

The building of the former profitable house of the Rukavishnikovs. Architect Fedor Shekhtel. 1911–1913 Photo: Igor Lijashkov / photo bank "Lori"

Fedor Shekhtel designed Moscow buildings in the Art Nouveau style: the Ryabushinsky mansion, the mansion on Spiridonovka and others. And in Nizhny Novgorod, he designed a banking complex and an apartment building. His customers were the Rukavishnikovs, representatives of one of the richest local dynasties.

The facade of the building was decorated by Shekhtel with white glazed tiles from Villeroy Bosh and floral ornaments. Another metropolitan master, Sergei Konenkov, participated in the creation of the sculptural decoration. He created cast-iron figures of a man and a woman placed above the entrance, symbolizing the union of industry and agriculture. Shops were located on the first floor of the building, branches of the Russian Commercial and Industrial Bank were located on the second and third.

Spassky Old Fair Cathedral in Nizhny Novgorod

The creator of St. Isaac's Cathedral in St. Petersburg, Auguste Montferrand, also influenced the formation of the architectural appearance of Nizhny Novgorod. In 1818–1822, he built here the five-domed Spassky Old Fair Cathedral in the classicist style. The famous engineer Augustine Betancourt became the co-author of Montferrand.

The iconostasis for the church was made by the Italian artist Torricelli. It was decorated with murals according to the canons of European art: some of the characters had exposed parts of their bodies. This was very embarrassing for local God-fearing merchants, many of them even took their icons to the temple and prayed only to them. It was decided to order a new iconostasis - it was created for the Old Fair Church by the architect Vasily Stasov.

Boris and Gleb Monastery in Torzhok

Borisoglebsky Monastery. Architect Nikolay Lvov. 1785–1796 Photo: Alexander Shchepin / photobank "Lori"

The Borisoglebsky Cathedral of the monastery of the same name in Torzhok was built according to the project of Nikolai Lvov in 1796 on the site of the destroyed old temple. The first bricks in its foundation were laid personally by Catherine II. The construction was supervised by the local architect Franz Butsi. The domes of the five-domed Borisoglebsky Cathedral are crowned with gilded balls with openwork crosses; the altar for it was built in the form of a rotunda. According to the researchers, according to Lvov's project, the monastery gate church-bell tower was also erected.

Manor Gorodnya in the Kaluga region

The Kaluga estate of Natalya Golitsyna - the famous "mustached princess" who became the prototype of Pushkin's Queen of Spades - was built according to the design of Andrei Voronikhin. In the 1790s, he was still a young architect who had just received his freedom from Count Stroganov. Voronikhin continued to fulfill the orders of the count and his relatives, and Pavel Stroganov was married to the daughter of the princess.

For Natalya Golitsyna, the young architect built a modest but elegant two-story building, which was to host ceremonial receptions. Two symmetrical residential outbuildings were erected on either side of it. An English park was laid out around the house, but it has not survived to this day. The interiors of the estate were also completely destroyed - during the war. How the interior decor looked like can only be recognized from a few surviving photographs.

Church of the Resurrection in Pochep

Church of the Resurrection. Architect Antonio Rinaldi. Photo: Eleonora Lukina / photobank "Lori"

The Resurrection Cathedral in the Russian Baroque style and the four-tiered bell tower were built by order of the last Ukrainian hetman, Kirill Razumovsky. Previously, it was believed that the author of the project was the architect Jean-Baptiste Vallin-Delamot. However, later researchers began to lean towards the opinion that it was built by Antonio Rinaldi, and the iconostasis of the cathedral was created by Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli. Initially, the church was part of the palace ensemble, but the building of the manor house and the park were destroyed during the Great Patriotic War. In Soviet times, the temple was closed, but today services are again held there.

Irkutsk Academic Drama Theater

Irkutsk Academic Drama Theatre. Architect Viktor Schreter. 1894–1897 Photo: Mikhail Markovsky / photo bank "Lori"

Victor Schroeter was the chief architect of the Directorate of the Imperial Theatres, so new theater buildings according to his designs were built not only in the capital, but also in the provinces. In 1897 he built a drama theater in Irkutsk at the expense of local merchants. Schroeter built a small functional building for 800 people. Outwardly, it stood out among other city buildings in that its walls were not plastered - they were just brick. The theater impressed its contemporaries not only with its innovative appearance and elegant decoration, but also with its technical equipment and impeccable acoustics.

Palace Ensemble in Bogoroditsk

Palace Ensemble in Bogoroditsk. Architect Ivan Starov. Photo: Ilyukhina Natalia / photobank "Lori"

The architect Ivan Starov built many country estates, mostly on the outskirts of St. Petersburg. In 1773, according to his project, a country palace was erected in the Tula region, which was ordered by Catherine II. In letters to Voltaire, she called Bogoroditsk "a pure flower garden."

On the banks of the Upertaya River, a two-story house was erected with a belvedere - a turret above the roof of the building. In 1774, according to the project of Ivan Starov, a small single-domed Kazan church was laid next to it. During the Great Patriotic War, Bogoroditsk was almost completely destroyed, and the once brilliant palace turned into ruins. In the 1960s and 70s, the building was restored, today there is

Prince Mikhail Golitsyn

Stackenschneider built a neo-Baroque palace with Corinthian columns. The roof of the building was framed by a balustrade - figured railings. Inside the building looked as majestic as outside: in the 19th century, the best balls in the city were held in its halls. In Soviet times, the building housed the local history museum, which is still located there.

Church of the Transfiguration in the village of Krasnoe

Church of the Transfiguration in the village of Krasnoe. Architect Yuri Felten. Photo: Elena Solodovnikova / Lori photo bank

The Church of the Transfiguration in the village of Krasnoye was built in 1787-1780, it was almost an exact copy of Yuri Felten's Chesme Church. Probably, such a decision was made by the owners of the Krasnoye Poltoratsky estate in order to attract the attention of Catherine II and earn her favor. The main difference from the St. Petersburg church was the yellow color in which the walls of the Gothic church were painted - the Chesme Church was red. In Soviet times, the temple was closed and until 1998 it was used as a warehouse. Today, services are again held in the church.

Russia is a large and beautiful country, rich in various architectural monuments that have a long history. In our article, you can get acquainted with the most famous and beautiful architectural structures of the 16th, 17th, 18th and 19th centuries.

16th century

In the 16th century, urban planning was actively carried out in Russia, so this period can be safely called an “architectural upsurge”. Moscow expanded, new cities, cathedrals, temples were built. Let's look at the most famous architectural monuments built in the 16th century.

Ivan the Great belltower

The Ivan the Great Bell Tower is a white brick church located on Sobornaya Square of the Moscow Kremlin. The date of construction is 1500-1508. The project of its creation was carried out by the well-known at that time Italian architect on the estate of Bon Fryazin. The structure of the main ensemble of the bell tower includes 3 objects:

• tower of "Ivan the Great" (the head structure of the bell tower);
• belfry "Uspenskaya";
• extension "Filaretovaya".

The belfry holds 34 bells of various sizes and sounds. The main ones are: "Uspensky" (67 tons), "Roaring" (33 tons) and "Lenten" (12 tons).

Cathedral of the Archangel

Arkhangelsk is a Christian Orthodox cathedral, which can be seen on Cathedral Square, located on the territory of the Moscow Kremlin. This building has five domes, six towers, a necropolis (a place for the burial of the dead, and separate rooms are provided for men and women), a special inner choir tier. The cathedral is finished with white stone. Inside there are paintings by famous artists - Fedor Zubov, Stepan Ryazants, and Joseph Vladimirov.

China town

Kitay-gorod is one of the historical districts of the capital, located on the territory of the Kitaygorod fortress wall, which was attached to the corner towers of the Kremlin in 1539. Kitay-Gorod stretches from Red Square to the Moskva River, borders on Okhotny Ryad, Theater Square, and the Lubyanka. Currently, the metro station of the same name operates in this direction.

St. Basil's Cathedral

Perhaps one of the most famous churches in Russia is St. Basil's Cathedral, which is located on Red Square. The date of its construction is 1556. The structure of the cathedral includes 10 annexes, each of which was erected in honor of a particular saint. The central part is dedicated to the Blessed Virgin, the side buildings "belong" to the Holy Trinity, Nikola Velikoretsky, Alexander Svirsky, St. Basil the Blessed, as well as the Entrance of the Lord into Jerusalem.

Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin

The Kremlin is the main historical fortress of Nizhny Novgorod, which is located on the Volga-Oka Spit on the highest right bank. This building was erected in 1508 by order of Ivan the Terrible. The walls of the Kremlin are made of red brick. Their total length is about 2-3 km. The fortress also has 14 towers, 5 of which are rectangular and 9 are round. The “Stone City” (as the Kremlin is sometimes called) is surrounded by dry moats, which were created to protect against enemies.

Novodevichy Convent

Novodevichy is an Orthodox convent located on the territory of Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Street in the very center of Moscow. Date of construction - 1525. The Novodevichy Convent was built by order of the Grand Russian Prince Vasily III. This building has one belfry, two round observation towers, cells for the nuns, as well as free-standing churches where a daily prayer service took place.

Tula Kremlin

The Tula Kremlin is considered one of the oldest buildings in the city of Tula. It is located in the very central part. The date of construction is approximately 1514. The Tula Kremlin was built by order of Ivan the Terrible. The Kremlin walls are made of red brick. The structure includes several round as well as rectangular observation towers. There are 2 cathedrals on the territory: Assumption and Epiphany.

17th century

The 17th century is the era of architecture, during which a huge number of different significant events took place that greatly influenced the life of Russia, including its architecture. Most houses began to be built of brick or stone, but wooden structures still did not lose their former popularity. Let's look at the most famous architectural monuments of the 17th century.

Kolomna Palace

The Kolomna Palace is a royal estate located in the Moscow region in the village of Kolomenskoye. The approximate date of construction is 1667. This building is a whole complex of various wooden buildings, which are interconnected by endless passages and tunnels.

Church of the Intercession in Fili

The Orthodox Church of the Intercession of the Virgin is located in the Filevsky Park area, Moscow. The modern building of the temple was erected in 1690 with funds donated by the brother of Queen Natalia Naryshkina. The temple has five tiers, one bell tower, and 3 wide porches.

Dormition Divine Church

The marvelous church is located in the city of Uglich. It is one of the outstanding monuments of ancient Russian architecture of the 17th century. The approximate date of construction is 1628. This temple has a different name - "Assumption". The structure has a rather original appearance: three hipped domes forming a “trident” crown; a refectory adjoins the main part of the building, as well as a front porch decorated with decorative elements of white stone.

Church of Elijah the Prophet

The Church of Elijah the Prophet is located on the central (Soviet) square of the city of Yaroslavl. This temple was built in 1647. According to legend, it was founded along with the city itself by Prince Yaroslav the Wise. The Church of Elijah the Prophet can be recognized by the snow-white stone walls and grassy green domes.

Church of John the Baptist

The Church of John the Baptist is one of the main and ancient architectural monuments of Yaroslavl. This building was built in 1687 according to the design of Fyodor Ignatiev and Dmitry Plekhanov. For the construction of the temple, molded red bricks were used, as well as tiles. The church has 15 domes of various sizes.

18 century

The 18th century is the time when Russia “breathed” in a new way, because it was then that new cities began to be built, objects that are still considered historical monuments of architecture. The first half of the 18th century is closely associated with the name of the great Russian Emperor Peter I. It was he who brought many innovations and changes borrowed from European countries. Let's look at the most beautiful buildings and structures of this era.

Winter Palace

The Winter Palace is the main imperial building in St. Petersburg. The date of construction is 1754. The building was built in the style of the Elizabethan Baroque, decorated with rich monograms, columns covered with gold leaf. Currently, the Winter Palace houses a historical museum - the Hermitage.

Admiralty building

The Admiralty consists of a complex of buildings located on the banks of the Neva on the Admiralteysky Island. At first, this building played the role of a shipyard (the place of construction, as well as the repair of ships, ships, boats), but a little later it was somewhat modernized and given the title of the administrative center, which housed the command of the Russian Navy. Date of construction - 1704.

Pashkov House

One of the most famous buildings in Moscow, built in the style of early classicism, is the Pashkov House. This building was designed in 1784 at the request of the captain of the Semenovsky regiment Peter Pashkov. This house has an impressive appearance, which is partly related to the place on which it stands - Vagankovsky Hill. The main facade of the building faces the sunny side.

Alexander Nevsky Lavra

The Alexander Nevsky Lavra is a male monastery located at the end of Nevsky Prospect in the city of St. Petersburg. It is considered the largest monastery in the northern capital. Date of construction - 1710. According to local historians and historians, this building was erected by order of Peter I. The emperor allocated almost 5,000 sq.m. for construction. On the territory of the Lavra there is a wooden Church of the Annunciation, the Trinity Cathedral, the Feodorovskaya Church, the Gate Church.

Volkov Theater

The Volkov Theater is one of the oldest drama stages in Russia. This institution was built in 1750 in the city of Yaroslavl. The theater got its name in honor of its founder Fyodor Grigoryevich Volkov, the son of a wealthy merchant. The young man very often arranged various theatrical performances with his friends, from which the idea arose to open his own place for their display.

19th century

The architectural monuments of Russia, built in the 19th century, are distinguished by a new unconventional style for our country - eclectic (a combination of the incongruous, that is, a mixture of the most diverse and unimaginable trends). Eclecticism "imitates" ancient Russian art, Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque and Classicism. Let's look at the most popular buildings of the 19th century, built in an eclectic style.

Tsarskoye Selo

Tsarskoye Selo is a museum-reserve, which was established in 1811 in the city of Pushkin, Leningrad Region. This complex includes a palace and park ensemble, a suburban royal residence, Catherine's Park, the Hermitage Garden, the Grotto, the Alexander Garden, the Military Chamber and the Chinese Theater. At the moment, millions of tourists from all over the world come to this place of extraordinary beauty.

Cathedral of Christ the Savior

The Cathedral of Christ the Savior is one of the main shrines of Russia, which was built in 1812. On the walls of the temple are depicted (sculpted from clay) Russian soldiers who laid down their lives for their homeland during the Patriotic War of 1812 with Napoleon Bonaparte. During the Stalinist reforms, the temple building was destroyed, but in 1994 it was rebuilt.

Triumphal Arch

The triumphal arch is an architectural monument built in 1829 in Moscow, which is a huge arch. Most often, triumphal arches are installed at the entrance to the city, at the end of major streets, avenues, bridges.

Arena

Manege is a historical building located in the central part of Moscow. This building was built in 1817 by architect Augustine Betancourt. Currently, the arena is the main museum and exhibition site of the capital, but it was built for drill training of troops guarding the Kremlin and Moscow borders. A little later, balls and royal receptions began to be held here.

Saint Isaac's Cathedral

Cathedral of St. Isaac Dolmatsky - one of the largest churches in St. Petersburg, built in 1858 by the famous architect Antonio Rinaldi. The main dome of St. Isaac's Cathedral is made of gold leaf, the facade is made of gray stone, and the columns of the main entrance are cast in bronze.

In our article, you got acquainted with the most famous and beautiful architectural monuments of Russia. Temples, churches, palaces, reserves were described. The Russian Federation is a country of rich history, which is why here you can see unusual and unique buildings that are not found anywhere else.

There have always been many monuments in Russia. But the most famous, the most iconic works of art have become only a few. So, our 10 most famous monuments in Russia:

1. Monument to Peter I - Moscow

The official name is the Monument "In Commemoration of the 300th Anniversary of the Russian Navy". The author of the monument was Zurab Tsereteli. The grandiose sculptural composition was installed on an artificial island on the arrow, at the confluence of the Moscow River and the Obvodny Canal, not far from the famous Red October confectionery factory. The opening of the monument was timed to coincide with the celebration of the 850th anniversary of Moscow. The total height of the monument is 98 meters, it is the highest monument in Russia, and one of the highest in the whole world.

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2. Monument "Worker and Kolkhoz Woman" - Moscow

"Worker and Collective Farm Girl" is an outstanding monument of monumental art, "the ideal and symbol of the Soviet era", which is a dynamic sculptural group of two figures with a sickle and a hammer raised above their heads. Author - Vera Mukhina; concept and compositional design of the architect Boris Iofan. The monument is made of stainless chromium-nickel steel. Height is about 25 m. It is located on Prospekt Mira, near the Northern entrance of VDNKh.

Initially, the monument to the worker and collective farmer was developed for an exhibition in Paris, but the result stunned everyone. After all, not only fundamentally new materials were used for the monument (stainless steel had not been used before), but also new principles of construction. After all, before that, it was also not necessary to increase from life 15 times, it was a grandiose experiment.

Remarkable facts of the monument to the worker and collective farm woman:

· A monument to a worker and a collective farm woman was delivered to Paris on 28 railway cars, but even such a division was not enough, because. some parts did not fit into the tunnels, and had to be cut further.

· Before the opening of the monument in Paris, a sabotage was noticed in time, someone sawed the cables of the crane that was collecting the monument at the exhibition, after which round-the-clock security was set up from volunteers and employees who came to collect the monument.

· Initially, the monument to the worker and collective farmer was assembled within 1 month, people worked in three shifts, slept only for three hours in a barn built nearby, where a large fire was always burning in the center.

· In Paris, the monument was assembled in 11 days, although 25 days were planned.

· It is the symbol of the film studio "Mosfilm".

· Dismantling, storage and restoration of the legendary sculptural composition cost the budget 2.9 billion rubles

3. Monument Rodina Mother Calling - Volgograd

The sculpture "The Motherland Calls" in Volgograd is the compositional center of the monument-ensemble "To the Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad", located on. This statue is one of the tallest in the world, ranked 11th in the Guinness Book of Records. At night, the monument is illuminated by spotlights. The total height of the monument is 85-87 meters.

Its military name is Hill 102. During the years of the Battle of Stalingrad, the most fierce battles unfolded here. And then the dead defenders of the city were buried here. Their feat is immortalized in a unique monument-ensemble "To the Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad", erected in 1967 according to the project of the famous Soviet sculptor Yevgeny Vuchetich.

4. Monument-obelisk "Conquerors of space" - Moscow

The Monument to the Conquerors of Space was erected in Moscow in 1964 to commemorate the achievements of the Soviet people in space exploration. This is a 107 m high obelisk lined with titanium panels, depicting a plume left behind by a rocket, located on top of the obelisk. On the facade, poetic lines by Nikolai Gribachev are laid out in metal letters:

And our efforts were rewarded,
What, overcoming lawlessness and darkness,
We forged fiery wings
To your country and your age!

Initially, the option of placing a monument on the Lenin Hills (today the Vorobyovs) between the building of Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov and an observation deck overlooking the Luzhniki. It was supposed to be made of smoky translucent glass with night illumination from the inside. The height of the monument was to be 50 m. At the personal suggestion of S.P. Korolev, it was decided to cover the monument with a coating of "space" metal - titanium. The height of the grandiose monument has doubled and amounted to 100 m, and the total weight of the entire structure is 250 tons. The final site for the construction of the monument was a wasteland near the entrance to VDNKh and the metro station of the same name.

The monument became a symbol of a qualitative technological leap of its time: on October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union launched the first artificial satellite of the Earth, on April 12, 1961, the cosmos spoke the language of man - and this language was Russian.

Together with the obelisk, a new type of building structure was born - an inclined tower. History keeps in its tablets only one such structure - the famous "Leaning Tower".

5. Monument "Millennium of Russia" - Veliky Novgorod

The Millennium of Russia monument is a monument erected in Veliky Novgorod in 1862 in honor of the millennium anniversary of the founding of the Russian state. The monument resembles a bell. Its upper part is a ball symbolizing power - the emblem of royal power. The total height of the monument is 15 meters. This is one of the most iconic monuments in Russia, more details about it.

6. Monument to the Scuttled Ships - Sevastopol

The Monument to the Scuttled Ships is the most famous military monument of Sevastopol, it was depicted on the Soviet coat of arms of the city and is considered one of the main city symbols. The monument is located in the Sevastopol Bay, near the embankment of Primorsky Boulevard. The majestic and proud monument to the scuttled ships is one of the most beloved by residents and guests of the city. It is a symbol and visiting card of Sevastopol. Height - 16.7 meters.

There is another significant monument for Sevastopol - the brig "Mercury" and Captain Kazarsky. It was the first monument in the then young city. About it .

7. Monument to George the Victorious - Moscow

The statue of George the Victorious is located on the territory of the Moscow Victory Park and is part of the memorial complex on Poklonnaya Hill. It is located at the foot of the obelisk dedicated to 1418 days and nights of the Great Patriotic War. St. George the Victorious strikes a snake with a spear, which is a symbol of evil. The statue of George the Victorious is one of the central compositions of the memorial complex.

8. Monument "The Bronze Horseman" - St. Petersburg

The Bronze Horseman - a monument to Peter I on the Senate Square in St. Petersburg. The opening of the monument took place in August 1782. It is the very first monument in St. Petersburg. Later it got its name thanks to the famous poem of the same name by A.S. Pushkin, although it was actually made of bronze.

9. Monument to mammoths in Khanty-Mansiysk

The sculptural composition "Mammoths" appeared in Khanty-Mansiysk in 2007. The creation of this monument was timed to coincide with the 425th anniversary of the capital of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug. The sculpture is located on the territory of the famous Archeopark. The sculptural composition consists of 11 bronze monuments. The total weight of these monuments exceeds 70 tons. All monuments are installed in full size. The height of the tallest mammoth exceeds 8 meters, while the smallest mammoth is only 3 meters high.

10. Monument "Alyosha"

Memorial "To the Defenders of the Soviet Arctic during the Great Patriotic War" ("Alyosha") - a memorial complex in the Leninsky district of the city of Murmansk. The main figure in the memorial is the figure of a soldier in a raincoat, with a machine gun over his shoulder. The height of the pedestal of the monument is 7 meters. The height of the monument itself is 35.5 meters, the weight of the hollow sculpture inside is more than 5 thousand tons. "In its growth" "Alyosha" is second only to the Volgograd statue "Motherland". Nevertheless, it is among the highest monuments in Russia.

On the Day of Historical and Cultural Monuments, we recall the frightening and funny - the most popular architectural objects among tourists.

Moai on Easter Island

Stone statues, up to 9 m in height, live on the second largest island in the world from the mainland - Rapa Nui, or Easter Island, which belongs to Chile. There are a total of 887 statues on the island, some left unfinished in quarries - made between the mid-11th and 14th centuries. The statues are made in four different styles, and the later, the more sophisticated both their appearance and the way they were made. And about how the statues were moved and installed, there are still disputes.

Jesus the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro

For more than 80 years of existence (the statue was opened in 1931), Christ was abused only once - in 2010, the inscription "The cat from the house - the mice dance" was put on his face and hands. The height of the statue is only 38 m.

Statue of Liberty in New York

The symbol of New York stands on Liberty Island, south of Manhattan, and is a gift from the French on the anniversary of the Declaration of Independence. The statue was depicted by the French sculptor Frederic Auguste Bartholdi, and all constructive issues (designing frames and supports) were taken over by Gustave Eiffel, the author of the famous tower in Paris.

Motherland on Mamaev Kurgan in Volgograd

The main sculpture of the ensemble to the Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad on Mamaev Kurgan calls his sons to fight the enemy - that is why her mouth is open. One of the most complex in terms of technical calculations of the stability of sculptures in the world. Creations of the brilliant sculptor-monumentalist Evgeny Viktorovich Vuchetich.

Great Sphinx at Giza

The head of a lion lying on the sand, according to scientists, was sculpted from the pharaoh Khafre - and although science still does not know the time of construction of this sculpture, there is logic in the fact that it was either during the life of Khafre, or after his death - in any case, we arrive at an approximate date of about 2400 BC. It is also unknown how the Egyptians themselves called this monument - the word "sphinx" is Greek, and appeared much later than the construction in Egypt.

Mermaid in Copenhagen

The little mermaid was made in 1913 by order of Carl Jacobsen, the son of the founder of the Carlsberg brewing company - he would like the ballet based on Andersen's fairy tale at the Copenhagen theater, he even asked the prima of the theater to pose for the sculptor, but she refused (did not want to pose naked, but it was necessary), and the sculptor Edward Erickson had to persuade his wife. This is one of the most long-suffering sculptures in the world - they just didn’t do anything with it: they sawed off the head and arm a couple of times, finished drawing the bra, inserted a dildo into the arm and even wrapped it in a veil.

Buddha statue in Leshan

One of the tallest Buddha statues in the world - 71 m high. The Buddha is carved into the rock - the work lasted 90 years, starting from 713. On the sides of the Buddha, about a hundred images of bodhisattvas are carved in the rock - enlightened beings who decide to become a Buddha.

Manneken Pis in Brussels

The height of one of the symbols of Brussels is only 61 cm. The boy Julien (that's his name) is surrounded by a number of traditions - on holidays the water in the fountain is replaced with wine or beer, from time to time Julien is dressed up in costumes. The list of costumes is posted regularly on the grate next to the sculpture. There are already about 800 suits in the boy's "wardrobe", including the uniform of the American Air Force, the outfit of Dracula, a judoka, and even a Ukrainian Cossack.

Spring Temple Buddha in China

The tallest sculpture in the world, a 128 m high copper statue, along with a 208 m pedestal. The monument's construction cost a total of $55 million and was China's response to the systematic destruction of Buddhist relics in Afghanistan - the construction of this Buddha was announced after the explosion by the Taliban of two Buddha statues in the Bamiyan Valley, these statues began to be built in the 2nd century, and finished two hundred years later.

Genghis Khan in Mongolia

The equestrian statue of Genghis Khan near Ulan Bator is the largest equestrian statue in the world - its height without a pedestal is 40 m. The monument is surrounded by 36 columns, according to the number of khans of the Mongol Empire from Genghis to Ligden Khan. The monument was unveiled in 2008.

When a person realized himself as a creator and he had the talent to depict using various materials, he embodied this skill in sculptural art. We can only admire the fruits of human creation and praise the most famous monuments of the world, which we will gladly do in this article. Next, we will talk about the most popular and exciting monuments, which to this day attract millions of tourists from all over the world.

Sphinx (Gize, Egypt)

This enigmatic monument raises more questions than it answers. Many scientists of the world are still at a loss and cannot understand how people could create such a monumental creation around 2400 BC. There is an opinion that a man with the body of a lion is the embodiment and symbol of the reign of the ancient pharaoh Khafre. The Egyptians, in a completely unimaginable way, managed to carve a sculpture 20 meters long and 72 meters long from limestone rock. But the main secret lies in the name of the sculpture - the Sphinx. Scientists have calculated that the word "sphinx" itself is of Greek origin, and it was assigned to the monument long after it was built.

Jesus Christ the Redeemer (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)

The monument to Jesus Christ the Redeemer has long become the hallmark of the Brazilian capital Rio de Janeiro and the main symbol for the Brazilians themselves. Such an amazing pulling together effect of the monument was due to the solidarity of the citizens of Brazil, who donated their hard-earned money to finance its creation. Thus, the largest charitable project in Brazil managed to collect 2.5 million flights, for which the 38-meter monument was built. Work on the monument to Jesus Christ the Redeemer lasted ten years from 1921 to 1931. Now this monument is not only a symbol of the country for Brazilians, but also the most impressive sculptural creation of mankind, which millions of tourists from all over the world come to see with their own eyes.

Genghis Khan (Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia)

A fifty-meter monument depicting Genghis Khan was built near the desert of Ulaanbaatar, which is located in Mongolia. The pedestal of this giant monument is surrounded by 36 strong columns and contains not only one of the largest historical museums in Mongolia, but also an entertainment complex for tourists. The monument has a significant historical character for the people of Mongolia. The monument itself was built relatively recently, already in the 21st century, but due to its impressive scale and excellent workmanship, it has gained great popularity among tourists and has already made it to the list of the most famous monuments in the world.

Buddha (Leshan, China)

The Leshan Buddha Monument is one of the oldest and most important monuments dedicated to the Buddhist religion. The Leshan Buddha sculpture was built in 713 AD. The gigantic 70-meter figure of the Buddha is hard to miss, because the monument is carved right in the middle of the rock in Lingyunshan Mountain. This world monument was created over a long 90 years and was opened to the eyes of people only in the 17th century, after the temple on the river bank near the rock was completely destroyed.

Statue of Liberty (New York, USA)

Few people know that the famous American symbol of freedom in New York is not the work of Americans at all. The Statue of Liberty is only a gift to the entire American people from the French government in honor of the centenary of the signing and promulgation of the US Declaration of Independence. The 93-meter-long Statue of Liberty, located near Manhattan, is not only the embodiment of will and democracy, but also acts as a symbol of human rights and the rule of law.

Motherland on Mamaev Kurgan (Volgograd, Russia)

Perhaps the main and most significant monument in Russia, built in honor of the Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad on Mamaev Kurgan. The monument personifies the Motherland, which calls her sons into battle with the ruthless enemies. That's why her mouth is open. The Motherland is one of the most complex monuments in the world in terms of technical calculations regarding stability and reliability. The monument is a brilliant creation of the monumental sculptor Yevgeny Vuchetich.

Moai stone statues (Easter Island, Chile)

These famous stone statues of Easter Island, reaching up to 9 meters in length, along with the Egyptian Sphinx, are among the most mysterious monuments in the world. In total, there are 887 statues on the Chilean island, many of which were not even completed. All statues were made between the middle of the 11th and 14th centuries. That is why the statues are made in four completely different styles. And the later the statue was built, the more difficult it was made. Scientists around the world are still arguing among themselves about how such heavy statues were moved and placed in the right places.

Of course, there are still a huge number of monuments around the world, but, believe me, the monuments listed above are the most famous monuments that we wish every person on Earth to see with our own eyes.