Jazz history and modernity presentation. Presentation on the theme "Jazz

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JAZZ is a form of musical art that arose in the late 19th - early 20th century in the United States as a result of the synthesis of African and European cultures and subsequently became widespread. The characteristic features of the musical language of jazz initially were: - improvisation, - a sophisticated rhythm based on syncopated figures and a unique set of techniques for performing rhythmic texture - swing. Further development of jazz took place due to the development of new rhythmic and harmonic models by jazz musicians and composers.

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Spirituals - songs of North American blacks of religious content. They were sung in chorus by plantation slaves, imitating the spiritual hymns of white settlers. Blues is a folk song of American blacks with a sad, sad undertone. Ragtime is dance music of a special rhythmic type. Originally created as a piano piece.

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Origins of Jazz The origins of jazz are connected with the blues. It arose at the end of the 19th century as a fusion of African rhythms and European harmony, but its origins should be sought from the moment slaves were brought from Africa to the territory of the New World. Any African music is characterized by a very complex rhythm, music is always accompanied by dances, which are fast stomping and clapping. The mixing of African and European cultures has been going on since the 18th century, and in the 19th century led to the emergence of "proto-jazz", and then jazz.

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Swing The term has two meanings. First, it is an expressive means in jazz. A characteristic type of pulsation based on constant deviations of the rhythm from the reference shares. This creates the impression of a large internal energy in a state of unstable equilibrium. Secondly, the style of orchestral jazz that took shape at the turn of the 1920s and 30s as a result of the synthesis of Negro and European stylistic forms of jazz music. Artists: Joe Pass, Frank Sinatra, Benny Goodman, Norah Jones, Michel Legrand, Oscar Peterson, Ike Quebec, Paulinho Da Costa, Wynton Marsalis Septet, Mills Brothers, Stephane Grappelli.

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Bebop Jazz style, an experimental creative direction in jazz, associated mainly with the practice of small ensembles (combos), which developed in the early - mid-40s of the XX century and opened the era of modern jazz. It is characterized by a fast pace and complex improvisations. The bebop stage was a significant shift in focus in jazz from popular dance music to more highly artistic music. Main musicians: saxophonist Charlie Parker, trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie, pianists Bud Powell and Thelonious Monk, drummer Max Roach

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Big Bands The classic, established form of big bands has been known in jazz since the early 1920s. This form retained its relevance until the late 1940s. The musicians who entered most big bands played quite definite parts, either learned in rehearsals or from notes. Careful orchestrations, along with massive brass and woodwind sections, produced rich jazz harmonies and produced the sensationally loud sound that became known as "the big band sound". The most famous: Benny Goodman, Count Basie, Artie Shaw, Chick Webb, Glenn Miller, Tommy Dorsey, Jimmy Lunsford.

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Jazz is a particular kind of music that has become particularly popular in the United States. Initially, jazz was the music of black citizens of the United States, but later this direction absorbed completely different musical styles that developed in many countries.

The origins of jazz are associated with the blues, spirituals and ragtime. Jazz arose at the end of the 19th century as a fusion of African rhythms and European harmony. Improvisation plays a fundamental role in true jazz. In addition, jazz is distinguished by syncopation (highlighting weak beats and unexpected accents) and a special drive. The last two components appear in ragtime, and then transferred to the playing of orchestras (bands), after which the word “jazz” appears to denote this new style of music-making, first spelled as “Jass”, then as “Jasz” and only since 1918 acquires its modern look.

The term New Orleans or traditional jazz is commonly used to refer to the style of musicians who played jazz in New Orleans between 1900 and 1917, as well as New Orleans musicians who played in Chicago and recorded records from about 1917 through the 1920s. This period of jazz history is also known as the "Jazz Age." And the term is also used to describe the music played in different historical periods by New Orleans revivalists who sought to play jazz in the same style as New Orleans school musicians.

Although the history of jazz began in New Orleans with the onset of the 20th century, this music experienced a real take-off in the early 1920s, when trumpeter Louis Armstrong left New Orleans to create new revolutionary music in Chicago. The migration of New Orleans jazz masters to New York that began shortly thereafter marked a trend of continuous movement of jazz musicians from the South to the North. Chicago embraced New Orleans music and made it hot, turning it upside down not only with Armstrong's famed Hot Five and Hot Seven ensembles, but others as well, including the likes of Eddie Condon and Jimmy McPartland, whose Austin High School crew helped revive the New Orleans schools. Other notable Chicagoans who have pushed the boundaries of classic New Orleans jazz include pianist Art Hodes, drummer Barrett Deems, and clarinetist Benny Goodman. Armstrong and Goodman, who eventually moved to New York, created a kind of critical mass there that helped this city turn into a real jazz capital of the world. And while Chicago remained in the first quarter of the twentieth century in

Benny Goodman (sometimes: Goodman; full name Benjamin David Goodman, English Benjamin David Goodman) (May 30, 1909, Chicago June 13, 1986, New York), jazz clarinetist and conductor, who had the nickname "King of Swing". Born in a family of Jewish immigrants from Russia, David Gutman (from Warsaw) and Dora Rezinskaya-Gutman (according to other sources, Grizinskaya or Grinskaya, from Kovno). He began playing the clarinet at the age of ten, and two years later the first concert with his participation took place. At the age of fourteen, Goodman, having decided to devote his life to music, left school.

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The presentation on the theme "Jazz music" (grade 5) can be downloaded absolutely free of charge on our website. Project subject: Music. Colorful slides and illustrations will help you keep your classmates or audience interested. To view the content, use the player, or if you want to download the report, click on the appropriate text under the player. The presentation contains 6 slide(s).

Presentation slides

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Jazz is a child of two cultures

Purpose: to give an idea of ​​the origins of jazz, features of jazz music

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Jazz. Our conversation is about him. What is Jazz? Louis Armstrong, one of the most popular musicians of the last century, said, “If you don’t stamp your feet while listening to this music, you will never understand what jazz is.” Jazz is multifaceted. The charm of jazz, its values ​​are enduring. The history of jazz is part of the history of the 20th century.

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The origins of jazz are:

Blues Ragtimes Spirituals

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jazz instruments

Trumpet Trombone Clarinet Piano Double bass Guitar Banjo

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Directions of Jazz

Early jazz (hot jazz (hot jazz); Cold jazz (cool jazz); Sweet jazz (sweet jazz); Be-bop (nervous, uptight jazz); Symphojazz.

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And in the end

With the advent of jazz, the emergence of such a thing as mass culture is associated. Jazz gave rise to rhythm and blues, rock and roll, which opened the way for many singers, including Elvis Presley. "Rock", "funk", "soul", pop music, film and television music, also borrowed many elements of jazz.

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Pupils 7 - B class
Shevchuk Yana

“If you ask, you will never understand,” said Louis Armstrong.
“Jazz can’t even always be called music – it’s a kind of communication, it’s a mutual exchange of human emotions, it’s a counter flow of vibes from the hall and from the stage” – Dave Brubeck.
What is Jazz?

Jazz is a form of musical art. It originated in the south of the USA (New Orleans) in the late 19th - early 20th centuries. as a result of the interaction of African and European musical cultures.
The name jazz comes
from the English word jazz,
means encouraging
outcry from African Americans.
Origins of Jazz

sharp and flexible rhythm based on the principle of syncopation;
widespread use of percussion instruments;
highly developed improvisational beginning;
expressive manner of performance, distinguished by great expression, sound intensity.
Basic features of jazz

Classical jazz (traditional), in contrast to modern, was formed on the basis of many genre sources, the main of which are associated with African-American music-making: these are spiritual, ragtime and blues.
Genre origins of jazz

Spiritual in translation from English means spiritual. African spiritual - songs with spiritual content, the plots of which were drawn from the Bible. This is a genre of religious singing and dancing, the performance of which is accompanied by clapping, stomping, and effortless body movements. The early spirituals were choral, the later ones were solo, and the classical one is characterized by the alternation of the soloist's variable replicas with the response phrases of the choir. The most famous: "Blue River", "When I feel inspired", "Sometimes I feel like an orphan" and others. In the 1920s, the spiritual gave way to a more rhythmic and festive gospel genre (from Gospel - Gospel).
Spiritual

Ragtime owes its popularity to the talented African-American pianist and composer Scott Joplin (“the king of ragtime”).
Scott Joplin (1868 - 1917)
"Ragtime" in translation means "torn rhythm", "torn" time, that is, syncopation - a piano piece of an entertaining and dance character. The appearance of ragtime is associated with everyday music-making at the end of the 19th century (the piano was the most popular instrument).
"Ragtime"

Blues is a melancholic solo song. The name of the genre means from English. expressions: to fell blue - "to be sad", or blue devils - "melancholy", "spleen". But the word blue has another meaning - "blue". Hence his perception as "melancholic", "mournful", "dull". The lyrics of the blues are pessimistic, they emphasize the theme of suffering, unhappy love, poverty, the hopelessness of existence.
Blues were sung to the accompaniment of a guitar, a piano, sometimes a harmonica or even a washboard (rhythmically they ran fingers in thimbles along it). The term "blues" came into use in 1912.
Blues

George Gershwin
(1898 – 1937)
At the crossroads of jazz and European academicism
A classic of American music, whose role is comparable to that of the founders of national composer schools. He tried to overcome the "entertainment" of jazz and bring it to the level of world academic music, combining the jazz language with European genres. He expanded the sphere of influence of jazz, crossing it with the Western European classical genres of opera and concert.

"Golden Age of Jazz"
1920s The "golden age of jazz" is associated with the emergence of "sweet orchestras" (from sweet - sweet). Groups playing dance music in the lobbies of luxury hotels and restaurants.
The penetration of white musicians into the jazz environment, whose orchestras, unlike African-American ones, were called not jazz, but Dixieland (“Dixie Country” is the collective name for the southern states of the USA).

Big band era
The 1930s is one of the brightest culminations in the evolution of jazz - the era of big bands ("large orchestras"), consisting of three wind quartets (trumpets, trombones, saxophones) and a rhythm section (guitar, piano, double bass and drums). The most important stylistic acquisition of jazz is swing (swing - swing), that is, a free manner of playing, a kind of rubato (deviation from the exact pulsation) based on a dotted rhythm. Among the famous big bands are the orchestras of Fletcher Henderson, Chick Webb, Duke Ellington, Count Basie.

The “battles of the orchestras” were a stunning spectacle. Soloists of orchestras with their improvisations brought the audience to a frenzy. That was exciting! Since then, big bands in jazz have been a tradition.
Big band era
Duke Ellington Orchestra

Friends and colleagues called him "Dipper, Dippermouth", which became Satchmo - these nicknames refer to the shape and strength of his lips.
His hoarse, soul-stirring voice and the clear, piercing sound of his golden trumpet will forever be remembered.
Louis Armstrong
"If the word" genius "and means something in jazz, then it means - Armstrong"
(J. Collier)

“Jazz and I were born together and grew up side by side in poverty and obscurity. I knew jazz before it became soft and pliable after too much too early success. I saw him walk barefoot on spit-stained sidewalks before he began to wear shoes... I saw him start his journey in brilliant company and spend many years in bad society. Few of us old friends remember the good guy we knew in the New Orleans honky-tonks, on the Mississippi steamboats, and in the dance halls of the Chicago South Side."
(Armstrong L. My life in music).

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Slides captions:

"Ah, this jazz" The presentation was prepared by the music teacher Shiryaeva Tatyana Mikhailovna.

Genres of Jazz Music - SPIRICHWELLS - RAGTIME - BLUES

Spirituals - songs of North American blacks of religious content. They were sung in chorus by plantation slaves, imitating the spiritual hymns of white settlers. Blues is a folk song of American blacks with a sad, sad undertone. Ragtime - dance music of a special rhythmic warehouse. Originally created as a piano piece.

Spirituals "Prayer" - performed by Mahelia Jackson

Louis Armstrong (1901-1971) Negro singer and trumpeter "KING OF JAZZ"

"Western Fringe Blues"

Duke Ellington (1899-1974)

"Rhapsody in Blues" George Gershwin (1898-1937)

MOU secondary school Urshelskaya secondary school Chirkunova O. V. Jazz orchestra - BIG BAND Trombone Clarinet Trumpet

Jazz Orchestra - BIG BAND Saxophone Piano Double bass

Jazz Orchestra - BIG BAND Banjo Percussion Guitar

JAZZ IN RUSSIA Isaac Osipovich Dunayevsky "March of the Jolly Guys" by I. Dunayevsky to the words of V. Lebedev-Kumach.

Leonid Utyosov (1895-1982) Actor, singer, leader of the Tea Jazz Orchestra In 1934, the jazz orchestra took part in the filming of the film Merry Fellows

Larisa Dolina

1 2 A R 3 M 4 S 5 T 6 R 7 O N 9 D 8 TEST YOURSELF

1. A group of musical instruments in a jazz orchestra. (drums) 2. Composer, founder of symphonic jazz. (Gershwin) 3. Translated from Latin "sudden, unexpected" (improvisation). 4.Author of music for the film "Merry Fellows". (Dunaevsky) 5.Soviet singer, actor, leader of the jazz band. (Utyosov) 6. Negro prayer. (spirituals) 7. Russian pop star performing jazz. (Valley) 8. Fast style in jazz. (Dixieland) 9. What does the sound of musical instruments in jazz resemble? (conversation)