Art deco, art nouveau, modern - style features, examples - paintings, stained glass windows, interiors. fine art art deco

The Art Deco style is extremely popular in our time and is primarily aimed at lovers of elitism and luxury, with a refined and refined taste, for those who like to admire and delight in exclusive items. The style is extremely popular among the creative world: actors, artists and other celebrities.

ART DECO DESIGN

The main difference of this style from others is the attraction to the Empire style, cubism. It also contains elements of the archaic art of ancient cultures. Art Deco is a combination of many trends: Egyptian motifs, Greek archaism, and the primitive art of African tribes - everything harmoniously merged into a single whole, forming avant-garde simplicity and at the same time exotic originality. Art Deco is a continuation of the Art Nouveau style; even when it was born, it bore the original name "Streamlined Modern". Here, artificial materials are completely absent, as well as modern motifs. No smooth lines and floral patterns - only sharpness, angularity, geometry or abstraction, i.e. there are also elements of "Hi-tech". Previously, paintings, sculptures, furniture, as well as buildings and structures were created in the Art Deco style. In addition to all of the above, the style is not devoid of ethnic motifs, i. Art Deco is eclectic.

The main characteristic features of the style:

1. zigzag shapes (this can be an ornament or herringbone tiling);
2. Sunburst, which means the sun's rays (can be found both in decoration, and in form, and in decor). By the way, it is with the rays that the inherent striping of many elements of Art Deco is associated (striped decor is used, the walls are finished with a stripe or the back of the sofa is divided into stripes);
3. stepping (for example, the divergence of the sun's rays in steps like multi-stage structures typical of Babylonian, Sumerian and Assyrian architecture);
4. trapezoid (the presence of many interior items with a trapezoid shape, for example, furniture, mirrors or door decor);
5. curved lines (curvature of a geometric shape is more common, but there is also a sharp rounded curvature);
6. piano keys (meaning the alternation of light and dark stripes that are found everywhere)
7. contouring or framing (for example, a surface decorated with a contrasting color line, in other words, a frame, which allows you to most clearly emphasize the style-forming geometry)

Art Deco style involves the use of materials:

• wood (including inlaid);
• glass;
• genuine leather (including zebra skin);
• stainless steel;
• aluminum;
• glossy ceramic or stone tiles;
• varnished surfaces.

Regarding the color scheme, we can say that Art Deco uses mostly neutral tones: black, white, gray, silver, beige, brown, as well as shades of tan and metal. A stingy and muted introduction of other colors is allowed, primarily green, blue, gold, red or burgundy.

ART DECO BEDROOM

The vast majority of people who choose Art Deco for a bedroom are creative people and true connoisseurs of beauty. Art Deco, translated from French into Russian, means “decorative art”, and here you can’t do without a standard setting. To create an Art Deco bedroom, you need to invest your soul, not be afraid of experiments in decorating, in order to find that invisible line between modern and classic, between sophisticated elegance and monumental luxury.

Classics and Modern in Art Deco are united, first of all, by natural materials, geometric shapes, as well as versatility. The Art Deco bedroom is characterized by softness of forms, which will be facilitated by a bed with a soft artsy headboard, which can have a classic rectangular shape or a modern oval one. Usually, the headboard is decorated with expensive upholstery or the entire headboard area is highlighted with embossed wallpaper and fabric draperies.

Furniture should be wood or metal and have tapered edges

Shelves, cabinets, bedside tables and other furniture are selected according to this principle: if the walls are dark, then the furniture should be light and vice versa. The presence of an unusual shape of a dressing table and an ottoman (or chair) in this style is a must. Mirrors make the bedroom spacious and bright, and also visually enlarge the room, because art deco implies a lot of space, light and cleanliness. In this regard, there should be a large number of mirrors: cabinet doors, a mirror in the form of sunlight located in the bedside area, as well as a large mirror at the dressing table.

The walls of the bedroom can be an interior decoration in themselves. Drawings and ornaments are the main element in the design of the walls of this style, as well as all kinds of collages, interior stickers or decorative painting. However, everything needs a measure. The pattern can be a background frame for furniture or the central accent of the interior, but should have muted discreet tones. The style also allows the presence of rounded shapes: ovals, waves, circles. If there is a niche in the wall, then with the help of drywall you can give it the shape of an ellipse and place, for example, a dressing table or a TV there. But in this case, a similar form must be repeated either when finishing ceilings, a floor podium, or doorways. By the way, as for the ceiling, it would not be bad to place stucco on it, for example, in the form of a chandelier frame. Paintings are allowed on the walls, however, in small quantities, so that the interior is not oversaturated with various small objects.

Regarding color - the bedroom can be made in white, warm brown, gray, pink, and red. It is recommended to apply contrast. Accessories and furniture should not merge into one whole, they should stand out. The interiors look most impressive in combinations of black and white, chocolate beige, gray and black, gray and blue and white and burgundy tones. Typically, three shades are used in interior decoration, two of which represent the background (for example, black and white), and one is used as an element of luxury (gold, bronze or silver). It’s great if the decoration, as well as the decor, contains elements of luxury, for example, silk fabrics, light gilding or parquet flooring. In general, fabric draperies serve as the main decoration of the bedroom. They give a special romanticism and comfort. Curtains can be silk or satin, in front of the bed - the presence of a plain white natural skin or a faux fur bedside rug with a long thick pile. The bed is covered with a luxurious bedspread with pillows to match the soft upholstery of the ottoman or chairs.

The illumination of the bedroom should be multi-level, at least there should be: a central chandelier made of crystal or multi-colored glass, lamps at the dressing table and floor lamps. You can additionally use LED lighting to illuminate niches.

LIVING ROOM ART DECO

Modern living rooms in Art Deco style harmoniously combine geometric shapes with rounded fronts, and furniture, usually made of precious woods, is combined with glass inserts and metal handles. Style provides a huge field of activity regarding the implementation of various ideas. Any pattern can be used, be it African ornaments, cubist patterns, aviation items, or automotive-themed designs. interiors in this style consist of a mosaic of styles and eras. Valuable wood, leather (including crocodile, shark and stingray), semi-precious stones, ivory, bamboo, etc. are used as decorative materials. Thus, extravagant materials greatly help to express the whole gamut of feelings, especially since the Art Deco living room is a true center of aesthetics. The combination of glass and metal has found its application quite widely, and doors, interior partitions, fireplace accessories and stair railings are decorated with welded iron.

Regarding the color scheme - the predominance of dark shades, however, a brown-beige range is allowed, creating a special nobility of the interior. But as far as colorful flowers are concerned, this is unacceptable. The most advantageous effect is played by monotonous saturation in combination with a contrasting pattern. The use of inlaid glass surfaces, polished metal, and polished wood in the living room is especially welcome. all these attributes reinforce the impression of luxury and nobility.

The furniture in the Art Deco living room should also be luxurious, it is better if it is handmade from exotic woods. But in any case, any item is still additionally decorated. The shape of the furniture is also unusual, for example, the seat by the armchair can be shaped like a trapezoid, and Egyptian or oriental ornaments can be traced in the upholstery, in a word, a combination of incongruous. Especially appropriate is the use of chic tables with inlaid tops, as well as large chairs and armchairs such as a royal throne. But we should not forget that the style itself is very elegant and light, and therefore the forms of zigzags, waves or swan necks are relevant. By the way, the style has another name - "artistic". The most winning combination for furniture is to use dark red or burgundy wood in combination with white genuine leather, marble or glass.

Display cabinets with beautiful valuables will perfectly fit into interior design

The walls of the living room usually serve as a pleasant unobtrusive backdrop for luxurious stylish furniture and other interior items. Very often they are simply painted in a single color. Although, delicate inclusions in the form of ornaments of other colors are also possible. The main thing to remember is that the color scheme for walls and floors must necessarily be soft, but the furniture against its background should be dark and even almost black.

Also in the interior there may be sculptures of female figures placed everywhere, for example, in a dance pose, which is a symbol of purity and grace. Although, the main decoration of this style is still textiles. Curtains are used heavy velvet or satin. Sofa cushions and lampshades of lamps should be matched to match the curtains. Also, intricate screens or other items made of forged metal will be an excellent addition to the interior. Vintage accessories are used in abundance, such as unique paintings in the spirit of the Middle Ages, as well as various vases and wall clocks, and, of course, chic carpets. By the way, as for the paintings, Art Deco paintings will look great, representing a kind of mixture of modern expression with ancient elegance with images of female silhouettes, bizarre fairy-tale animals or abstract spots.

ART DECO KITCHEN

As mentioned above, the Art Deco style is a combination of traditional neoclassicism and innovative modernity. How does all this manifest itself in the interior of the kitchen? First of all, its originality. Since this style is expensive and bright enough, the kitchen design is no exception, in other words, it will not go unnoticed. Secondly - exclusivity in the form of unusual antiques, for example, art objects. Regarding the materials used, the following are used: wood (this is the main one), both polished and inlaid or lacquered, metal (stainless steel and aluminum), genuine leather, glass, as well as glossy tiles (ceramic, artificial or natural stone) and, of course , textiles (plain satin or silk, as well as zebra-striped fabric).

As for the color scheme, black and white would be an impeccable combination (this is the main feature of Art Deco). But other color combinations are possible, for example, white with chocolate, silver with black, etc. But we should not forget that the main gamut is the colors of metal, earth, stone or natural leather. Stripes are a good idea to use for decorating the dining area, using non-woven or textile wallpapers of the same texture. And a working apron can be made of tiles, for example, geometric on the basis of a black and white mosaic. Other colors can also be added, but in small quantities and in muted colors (green, blue, gold and red).

Another traditional feature of the style is the stepped form, which extends both to the patterned wall decoration and to furniture with modules located at different levels, both in height and in depth. If the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room allows, then it would be good to perform a multi-stage stretch ceiling, if you tighten it with a glossy black or white film and place a lot of lighting. The greatest effect can be achieved if one “step” is made in the form of a stucco border, thus emphasizing the geometricity inherent in this style. Also, as one of the options - to decorate the dining area with photo wallpapers in the form of multi-stage images of landscapes, houses or abstraction - if only the drawings contain clear, regular geometric shapes.

A very significant element and an important touch of Art Deco is the sun's rays (Sunburst). Rays-stripes should be present everywhere: in furniture upholstery, decoration, textiles. Striped curtains to the floor, a chandelier in the form of a fan, or an imitation of a zebra skin in a soft corner - one or two elements of "sun rays" will be quite enough. With regard to furniture, it should be noted that a prerequisite is not to clutter up the space, i.e. furniture should be functional. The upholstery should be of velvet, satin, leather and velor. Ideally, the dining area should be turned into an exquisite table, following the traditions of the best elite restaurants. In general, if we talk about the ideal kitchen in the Art Deco style, then it should contain furniture made of precious wood, made to order, or, alternatively, restored antiques. If this is not possible, then there is an alternative to expensive wood - a two-color lacquered set, which can be black and white, gray-blue, red-gray, etc.), i.e. play on the contrast of colors and lacquering, which also "loves" Art Deco. In addition, you can use stainless steel furniture.

Visually increase the space of the room. In addition, an ordinary mirror in the form of a trapezoid will also look good, and even better, in the form of the sun, especially if spotlights are placed for the effect of the play of light.

It is desirable to make the floors with varnished parquet, although, of course, such a surface is not entirely practical for the kitchen. In this regard, the best alternative is floor tiles (marble or imitation of any other natural stone). You can also use linoleumhaving a geometric pattern. We should not forget about ethnic notes, which should also be present, for example, in the form of paintings with landscapes or black and white photographs placed in thin wooden or metal frames. Or decorate the interior with palm trees or exotic flowers. And one more nuance - there should be enough lamps to provide good illumination of the room.

And now the most important thing, so to speak, the highlight of the Art Deco kitchen - there must certainly be something in it that would immediately attract attention (an exclusive vase, a bronze figurine, silver candlesticks or, for example, a picture). It is necessary to think carefully and choose one of the elements that can cause surprise and delight, be it a mirror or a chandelier.

Art Deco did not escape the influence of another important phenomenon in the art of the twentieth century - abstractionism. The innovations of abstractionism are associated mainly with the merits of Wassily Kandinsky, who lived and worked in Munich from 1896 to 1914. Gradually removing the plot from his paintings, the artist ensured that they took on the appearance of complete abstraction.

This is also the work of Kazimir Malevich, who was the founder of Suprematism, who simplified the image to overlay one white square on another. Constructivism as a style had a significant impact on the art of the West. Constructivism was based on the belief that art was meant to serve social purposes and that it was a reflection of personal rather than social experience. Constructivist artists created works that resembled the details of mechanisms, made up of geometric shapes and influenced Art Deco graphics.

The innovations that developed at that time could not but influence the Art Deco style itself, which was the result of mixing with them. In an artistic sense, Cubism also had a noticeable influence on Art Deco, especially its way of dissecting objects and analyzing their geometric components. The Cubist vision of objects appears in the work of Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque around 1908-1909. Art Deco was deeply influenced by the way the Cubists dealt with planes and their technique of using color.

A talented painter and sculptor, the Italian artist Amadeo Modeliani was an influence on the development of Art Deco. He depicted lively, predominantly female forms, deliberately stretching the proportions of the body and facial features, which was the prototype of the elegant stylization characteristic of Art Deco.

The famous Parisian couturier Paul Poiret, who became a trendsetter for many years, did a lot to promote the exotic and colorful Art Deco style, which was initiated by the Russian Seasons. Paul Poiret's models asserted the ideal image of a rich and fashionably dressed modern woman. P. Poiret changed fashion in a "revolutionary" way: he destroyed the corset, and thus the silhouette of his models became straight and more natural. This was the first, still timid compared to what would happen after the First World War, but already a clear liberation. Wearing straight and loose tunic dresses with a bright decorative pattern, the woman became more direct and natural in behavior, less cutesy and pretentious. In the well-known Martin Hotel, which opened in 1911, in which completely untrained young girls worked, creating designs for fabrics, furniture and wallpaper. Such an unusual method gave birth to works full of freshness and liveliness of perception, and the lack of technical knowledge was compensated by well-trained craftsmen who translated the drawings made by the girls onto fabrics, only slightly correcting them. From the studio "Martin" came out wallpaper, wall panels, fabrics, completely covered with huge bright colors. So, flowers (especially roses, dahlias, daisies, zinnias), very decorative and infinitely far from natural (real), become a favorite theme of the emerging Art Deco.

In painting, among the paintings of the interwar period, it is very difficult to single out a pure Art Deco style. Most artists used techniques borrowed from the Cubists. Art Deco painting was not among the avant-garde art movements, moreover, it was not applied in nature, designed to comply with the fundamental principles of decoration.

The painting of Polish-born Tamara de Lempicki, whose work is dominated by fashionable portraits and erotic female nudes, is considered a typical representative of Art Deco in painting. De Lempicka's technique of writing can be defined by applying to the machine age her own assertion that the artist "should not forget precision. The painting must be clean and tidy. (S. Sternow. Art Deco. Flights of Artistic Fantasy. Belfax, 1997).

By and large, Art Deco sculpture can be divided into two large groups: works of mass production for the domestic market and works of "fine art". Created by avant-garde artists and sculptors of that period, high-quality sculpture and inexpensive consumer goods went hand in hand - marble and bronze existed next to plastic and ceramic souvenirs. In the realm of sculpture, Art Deco was everywhere, from high art to kitsch.

Art Deco(from the French "art deco") - the style direction of the art of America and Western Europe in the twentieth century. Art Deco characterized by a combination of a monumental weighted form; a combination of some elements of the styles of cubism, modern and expressionism; using expressive forms of "technical design". It got its name from the International Exhibition in Paris, dedicated to the decorative arts and industry. It was she who became the impetus for the development and spread of this style.

Art Deco became the most mysterious style of the twentieth century, conquering everyone with its brightness and exoticism.

This style conquered the whole world and still remains a source of inspiration for designers. This is probably why Armani made his last Casa collection in the best traditions of art deco.

To date, the term Art Deco» an internationally recognized synonym for efficiency, although at first it was used to define the decorative arts. Marie Laurencin is one of the most prominent representatives of this style, who worked in this manner. This term denotes a style that combines symmetry, classicism and straightforwardness. It is a product of various sources, on the one hand, cubism and Art Nouveau, and on the other hand, the ancient art of the East, Africa, Egypt and the Americas.

Art Deco as an art movement it was formed in 1906-1912 and flourished in the decade between 1925 and 1935. Art Deco began as a graceful innovation, and then evolved into a striking uncompromising and simple life. Representatives of many currents of modern decorative and fine arts tried to find a way to express the speed and pressure, thanks to which trains, cars, airplanes changed the existing world. We tried to find forms and colors that would be simpler than those that were used before.

In order to gain popularity in Hollywood, style Art Deco it only took a few years. Here he acquired the name "star style" and turned into a worldwide recognized symbol of showiness from a common French phenomenon. The term " Art Deco" denoted a style that combines symmetry, classicism, straightforwardness, more convenient for defining decorative creativity during the two world wars.

Art Deco - the style of the stars

art deco artists

My first confession Art Deco received in Europe, but his influence quickly spread to the United States of America. It was there that his fascination with the Hollywood film industry contributed to his immense popularity. Greta Garbo from the MGM film looked like an Art Deco bronze figurine in Mata's costume, while Paramount's set and costumes for the film Cleopatra evoked a direct association with the ornamentation of the new New York skyscraper.

Municipal buildings, schools, shops, palaces and pavilions of the World's Fairs were built in a style that combined streamlining, neoclassicism, playfulness, grace and monumentality.

Cinemas all over the country were adorned with opulent façades, sophisticated interiors, and flashy Art Deco neon signs. At the same time, the Empire State Building tower, the neoclassical sculptures of the Rockefeller Center, the arched spire of the Chrysler Building formed the unique and accessible image of the city.