The story of a young lady peasant woman analysis. Composition analysis of the story of Pushkin's young lady-peasant

“A peasant young lady” the main idea is expressed in the epigraph to Pushkin’s story: it is not a dress that makes a person beautiful, but true beauty is the beauty of the Soul, and it does not depend on a person’s position in society.

"Young Lady Peasant Woman" main idea

Topic: a love story of two young people, children of nobles.

This work is about how a rich young lady introduced herself as a peasant woman and wanted to marry a rich, handsome young count. The girl was forced to go for it, as their parents did not communicate. In the end, everything is exposed, they get married and live happily ever after.

This story is about eternal values: love, mutual understanding, forgiveness, beautiful human relationships without deceit, without pretense.The depth of the story is that Pushkin proclaims simplicity, intelligence, liveliness, the ability to be true to one's feelings as the main values ​​in a person, the author “rewards” such people with happiness.

We are convinced that Pushkin's work, simple at first glance, has depth: it speaks of the value of simplicity in a person, naturalness in the manifestation of feelings, and fidelity in love.

The main idea of ​​Pushkin's story "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman" is to show the reader how different cases and situations in life can affect the fate of a person. That all conventions fade before feelings. After all, Berestov, who bore a title of nobility, was ready to marry a simple peasant woman, which was unthinkable for that time. He was ready to give up a rich life, from an inheritance, to go against the will of his father for the sake of his love.

The lesson uses the technique of developing the creative abilities of the individual - with the help of a mask. Mask as a bright, materially tangible element of disguise, transforming the appearance of a person, contributes to the knowledge of his world. The mask is strong in its visibility, obvious materiality and form, which evokes a certain emotional response in the wearer of the mask. The mask is complex in its multifunctional orientation. It can be both a work of art, a cultural sign, a playing instrument, part of a ritual. Children easily perceive and play masked heroes of myths, fairy tales, films, cartoons. Adults associate pranks, childishness, humor with playing in a mask, but they take derivatives of the mask - psychological masks - images seriously. The image is characterized by elements of disguise - hairstyle, makeup, costume, details of the toilet, not to mention body language - plasticity, demeanor and style of behavior. Disguise is diverse and universal as one of the ways of knowing the world. The lesson uses elements of working with a mask as a stimulation of the creative activity of students.

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Lesson topic: A.S. Pushkin "Young Lady - Peasant Woman". (2 hours)

Goals:

1. Introduce students to the work of A.S. Pushkin "The Young Lady - a Peasant Woman", its plot and characters. Identify the role of antithesis in the story.

2. To form the ability to analyze a literary text.

3. To educate the emotional perception of the artistic text, attention to the artistic word; cultivate respect for human feelings.

Equipment: texts of the story "The Young Lady - a Peasant Woman", pencils, paper.

Methodological techniques: student's message; teacher's story with elements of conversation; vocabulary work; commented reading; drawing up masks of characters; comparative analysis of characters.

During the classes

1. teacher's word

Guys, today we begin our acquaintance with a cycle of stories called "Belkin's Tales". They were written in Boldino, in the autumn of 1830. (Student's message about the role of Boldin autumn in the life of A.S. Pushkin.)

In today's lesson, we are working on Pushkin's story "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman".

1. Conversation

"Young Lady - Peasant Woman" is parody on the romantic and sentimental works of the time. (Dictionary work - what is a parody?)So, we will read not quite a serious work of Pushkin. Nevertheless, in it Pushkin talks about very serious problems, but with humor.

At home, you read the story. Starting reading, you probably noticed its title and epigraph. How can you explain the title? What is the lexical meaning of the words young lady and peasant woman? (The young lady is a girl from the upper class; the peasant woman is from the lower.)

- What is the combination of these words? (Combining opposite concepts, Pushkin intrigues the reader with the title of the work. Reception antitheses Pushkin uses throughout the work.)

Explain the meaning of the epigraph. (The epigraph is taken from I. Bogdanovich's poem "Darling" and is, as it were, a moral characteristic of the heroine, who is "good" in both noble and peasant appearance.)

CONCLUSION: Judging by the title and epigraph, the main character will be a girl shown in a contradictory situation and retaining her high moral qualities.

1. Discussion of the characters of the story (comparative analysis)

Let's start with the analysis of the characters in the story.older generation(differences):

We note the irony of Pushkin in the description of the relationship between Berestov - the elder and Muromsky. In their depiction, Pushkin uses the technique of antithesis.

However, despite their differences, they have a lot in common:

Thanks to the common life, Berestov Sr. and Muromsky were able to eventually find a common language and reconcile.

younger generation

Alexei wears the mask of a suffering lover, cold towards all the young ladies, because it is fashionable in society, and with simple peasant women he is cheerful, sweet, plays with burners. You don't have to wear a mask with them, you can be yourself. So Alexey is more interesting to Lisa.

- Why did Alexei and Liza fall in love with each other?

1. Group work

Students draw masks of the characters in the story and verbally describe them.

Berestov - the elder - a bear (Muromsky called him "... a bear and a provincial").

Muromsky - dandy - Englishman (English manner of speech, monocle on his eye).

Aleksey is the mask of a suffering lover (reminiscent of Pierrot's mask) and a "good master".

Liza - two masks: a funny painted Frenchwoman and a peasant Akulina.

The heroes of the story hide their true face, their real spiritual qualities under masks. However, some masks, on the contrary, emphasize the beauty of the soul of the characters.

1. Work on the composition and plot of the story

How did the last explanation of Alexei and Lisa happen? (By chance, Alexei wanted to explain himself to Lisa, to talk about his love for Akulina, and found Lisa in her true form.)

What is the role of chance in the story? Let's list the accidents that move the story. Are they random? Consider composition. Recall how the composition is built:

On the desk:

Exposition - plot - climax - denouement - and - epilogue (optional).

E .: A story about the heroes of the older generation, characteristics of the younger generation.

Z .: Nastya, Liza's maid, meets A. Berestov and tells Liza about it. Accidental acquaintance of Nastya with A. Berestov entails a well-planned "accidental" acquaintance of Lisa with Alexei.

To .: Chance meeting with Lisa - Akulina in her house. The climax is preceded by another accident: the fall of Muromsky from the horse and his rescue by Berestov, the elder.

R. : Missing: "The reader will spare me the unnecessary obligation to describe the denouement..."

Are coincidences in the story so random? Reflect on this question at home .

1. Homework

1. Composition - miniature “The role of chance in the story of A.S. Pushkin "Young Lady - Peasant Woman".
2. Read the story "Shot".

Of all the works included in Belkin's Tales, created by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, The Young Lady-Peasant Woman is the brightest and kindest work. It has neither a tragic death, as in The Station Agent, nor a terrible secret, as in The Shot, nor a love test, as in The Snowstorm. But there is love, happy and playful, because the story itself contains the favorite motif of all comedians - dressing up (as, for example, in William Shakespeare's comedy "Twelfth Night"). The seventeen-year-old young lady Lizaveta Muromskaya, brought up by her father and spoiled by him, having read sentimental and romantic stories, came up with the ideal of her lover: certainly pale, sad and mysterious. But in fact, the subject of her sighs turns out to be a ruddy and cheerful young man Alexei Berestov, who is able not only to captivate the hearts of representatives of high society, but also to play with the yard girls in the burners. Lisa understood: young Berestov, about whom there were rumors that he was suffering from unrequited love, is therefore cold to all young ladies (after all, it is fashionable in society), cheerful and sweet only with ordinary peasant women. And the heroine has no choice but to dress up as a simple peasant woman in order to get acquainted with the young master she is interested in. The situation is complicated by the fact that the parents of the young heroes - the Russian landowner Berestov and the Angloman Muromsky - have been hostile to each other for a long time. In the novel "Dubrovsky" such enmity between neighbors led to the death of his father and the tragic fate of his son Dubrovsky, who was forced to engage in robbery along with his peasants. But in The Young Lady-Peasant Woman, fortunately, this enmity ends as unexpectedly as it began, continuing not only with the reconciliation of the landowners and further friendly relations, but also with subsequent matchmaking. It is no coincidence that Pushkin writes with irony: “Thus, the ancient and deeply rooted enmity seemed ready to stop from the fearfulness of the short filly.” So this story is more like a parody of another Shakespearean story about the warring families of the Montagues and the Capulets. The acquaintance of Liza Muromskaya, who introduces herself as the daughter of the blacksmith Akulina, develops into a romantic relationship. Aleksey is shocked by the intelligence and education of the “ordinary peasant woman” (he is not even surprised that she learned to write in just three days), he is attracted not only by the absence of any coquetry in her, but also by the beauty of the dark-skinned girl, because girls from high society kept their skin white so that not to look like the dark-skinned peasant women who became so from many hours of work in the field in the sun. In addition, relations with a girl from the common people had the charm of novelty for Alexei: Akulina interested him in her originality and integrity. Gradually, the young man became so attached to Akulina that he thought about marrying her. He was well aware that they were divided by class inequality. And when the father insists on his son's marriage to the cutesy grimacing Lisa, whom Alexei saw visiting the Muromskys (the reader knows that Lisa again changed her appearance beyond recognition), at some point he is ready to surrender to "the romantic thought of marrying a peasant woman and living by labor their own." He is not even affected by his father's threat to make him a beggar if he does not marry, that is, in fact, does not fulfill the will of his father. It is not known how these events would have ended for the main characters, if not for an accident: having decided to rely on the prudence not of his father, but of Lizin, Alexey goes to Muromsky, and meets with his kind Akulina. The author does not even consider it necessary to describe the outcome of events - the finale is already clear to the reader: he does not put the heroes to the test, but simply allows them to stay together. So the story, which began very sadly, turns into a funny joke, and the naughty, naughty Lizaveta at the right time turns into a young lady, then into a peasant woman. Fortunately for him, the hero learns that the cutesy young lady and the peasant woman dear to his heart are one and the same person.

The story "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman" is included in the cycle of famous Pushkin's "Tales of Belkin", created by the writer in the Boldin period. Conceived by Pushkin in 1829, they came out as a separate collection. Boldin autumn (1830) became one of the most fruitful periods in the writer's work. "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman" is a book that completes a cycle of five short stories.

Many researchers believe that the plot of the story largely repeats another well-known work written by Pushkin's contemporary - N. M. Karamzin. "Poor Liza" is one of the first works of sentimentalism in Russian literature. Written in 1792, the story caused controversy in literary and public circles. The tragic love story of a peasant woman Liza for a young nobleman Erast was enthusiastically received by readers and later repeatedly interpreted by other authors.

However, many plots of the Pushkin cycle migrated to the pages of the book from life. Memories and everyday stories heard and noticed by the writer formed the basis of "Shot", "Snowstorm" and other stories. But "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman" is more connected with the refraction in Pushkin's mind of the existing literary traditions, which the writer modified, according to his author's intention.

Genre, direction

Belkin's Tales is Pushkin's first prose work, which was published during the author's lifetime. Five short stories from the lips of the fictional narrator Ivan Petrovich Belkin, who wrote down the stories he heard from different people, are formally separate plots, but internally connected, forming a single whole. Each story ideologically complements the other, strengthening the influence of each subsequent one.

Belkin's Tales is a vivid example of realistic prose. On behalf of a conditional narrator, Pushkin shares with the reader a series of non-fictional stories, the characters of which are devoid of static, they are vital and believable. It is no coincidence that the preface notes the fact of Belkin's lack of education, his non-participation in literary creativity. This approach convinces the reader of the authenticity of the events depicted. Romantic situations and characters, outdated and deeply rooted in literature, lose out to the obvious simplicity and unpretentiousness of Pushkin's plots, the characters of which are placed in unusual, but quite probable life circumstances that truly reflect life.

The Young Lady Peasant Woman is a story somewhat different from the others, since it has more mischievous and comical in it. Rejecting the romantic template with its tragic ending, Pushkin happily resolves the conflict of love, as if offering his own version of the story of unequal love, traditional in literature. Unlike the story of poor Lisa, the social barriers between the loving hearts of Lisa and Alexei are destroyed, which creates scope for a happy, albeit obviously philistine, life of the characters.

The meaning of the name

The title of the story is closely related to its plot. The Young Lady-Peasant Woman refers to the main character of the story - Lizaveta Grigorievna, the daughter of the district landowner Muromsky.

Disguised as a peasant woman, Lisa pretends to be the daughter of a local blacksmith. Thus, the village girl Akulina, met by Alexei Berestov in the forest, and the young lady Liza are one and the same character.

essence

The main events of the story unfold around two noble families - the Berestovs and the Muroms, who live in the neighborhood. The fathers of the families do not get along as the conservative Berestov denounces his neighbor's Anglomania. Daughter of Murom, Liza wants to meet Alexei Berestov, but the quarrel of the fathers creates an obstacle to the meeting.

Disguised as a peasant woman, Liza meets Alexei in the forest and introduces herself as Akulina, the daughter of a village blacksmith. Inspired by the acquaintance, Alexei teaches an uneducated girl to read and write, marveling at the speed with which she learns. Meanwhile, Berestov, the father, cannot cope with the horse during the hunt and accidentally ends up in the house of the Muromskys. As a result, the fathers get to know each other in detail and reconcile.

Lisa's father invites Berestov and his son to his place. Lisa manages to avoid exposure. She goes out for dinner, dressed in ridiculous clothes, made up and whitewashed. Alexei does not recognize her. The fathers, who managed to become close friends in a short time, decide to marry the children. Alexei is determined to go against the will of his father and secretly marry Akulina. He goes to the Muromskys' house and recognizes his Akulina in the young lady Liza. Such is the plot of the story.

Main characters and their characteristics

1. Liza Muromskaya- the main character of the story, the daughter of the landowner Grigory Ivanovich Muromsky, a beautiful and cheerful girl. Joking and frivolous, she, on the one hand, is capable of a prank, on the other, of a bold and decisive act. "She was the only and consequently spoiled child." Having received a good education, the girl is well versed in music and the arts, studying languages, but deep down Lisa is a romantically tailored person. She believes in love, therefore she has a genuine interest in Alexei Berestov, who, according to rumors, has concentrated a whole set of truly romantic qualities in himself. Disguised as a peasant woman, Liza shows miracles of fantasy, and for a long time pretends to be the uneducated daughter of a blacksmith. A funny and easy character is combined in her with an amazing ability to love. She is devoid of stiffness and arrogance, therefore, in the image of a peasant girl, Lisa is so organic that Alexei does not catch her in a lie. The naturalness of her behavior, sharp mind and striking beauty - everything as a whole attracts the hero.
2. Alexey Berestov- the son of Berestov, who after university came to the village to his father. He dreams of becoming a military man, which is quite consistent with his appearance: a tall, stately, attractive young man becomes the main reason for gossip among county girls. "The young ladies looked at him, and others looked at him." Aleksey himself puts on an even greater halo of mystery, appearing gloomy and disappointed to the girls, tells them “about the lost joys and about his withered youth” and generally manifests himself as an experienced womanizer. But, in general, Alexey is a simple and good person, honest and kind. Having fallen in love with a peasant woman Akulina, the hero is so sincere in his feelings that he is ready to marry her against the will of his father.

Topics and issues

• The main theme of the story, of course, love. Love becomes the main driving force for the development of action. Before the mutual inclination of the heroes, all external circumstances fade.
• Humor. In addition, in The Young Lady-Peasant Woman, the reader will also find the obvious comedy of the situation. But the humor of the story is kind and bright, making you smile at the happy absurdity of the events taking place, in the center of which are the heroes. For example, Pushkin very ironically draws the image of Muromsky in his desire to build life in English manners. Anglomania is also a peculiar manifestation of the stereotype of noble life.
• Issues“Lady-Peasant Women” is also closely connected with the denial of the prejudices of society, in this case, the county one. The stereotypes and conventions of the environment are also manifested in the lives of the heroes: the noble status obliges them to lead a life that they do not like, to marry against their own will.
• Conflict. In order to be truly sincere, the characters are forced to constantly fight against the way of life that prevails around them. The characters themselves, Liza and Aleksey, are very trivial characters, they have not escaped the imprint of the vulgarity of county life, but they are both capable of bold and decisive actions in the name of love, which undoubtedly deserves respect.

the main idea

The main idea of ​​the story is in the desire of a person to be above prejudice, defending his right to happiness. It is enough to step over the conventions to become happy. The fate of the heroes, by a lucky chance, turned out well, and the end was marked by the triumph of eternal values: love, family and friendship.

The story makes the reader believe in the sincerity of a real feeling that overcomes all obstacles. All external circumstances fade before love. The meaning laid down by A.S. Pushkin lies in the affirmation of eternal values ​​and in the criticism of class prejudices. It is social barriers that hinder happiness.

What does it teach?

A. S. Pushkin laid down a certain morality in the story. A person needs to remain himself, and not reconcile himself with the masks that society imposes. Only then will people begin to appreciate not the social position, not the level of prosperity, but the personality itself. And so it happened with the main characters, who chose each other, and not the labels hung on them.

The author's conclusion is simple: people need equality in order to get to know each other better. It is obvious that all conflicts arise from ignorance, because even neighbors may not communicate with each other for years, which means they may not know the true state of things. Only after a normal human conversation did the fathers reconcile, realizing how stupid it was to condemn someone you don’t even know. And their children proved that peasants and nobles also lacked equal communication. Only a conversation can unite them, destroy all omissions and mutual insults. But people lack the courage to reject social labels that prevent unity. Thus, the author condemns the social inequality in Russia, which divides a single people into an elite and serfs. In his reasoning one can hear a protest against serfdom.

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In this article, we will briefly discuss what the story "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman" by Pushkin is about, who are its main characters, and for what purpose this work was written. Let's carry out a small analysis of "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman", especially since this work is one of the most famous and studied in Russian literature.

As you know, before the wedding with Natalia Goncharova, Pushkin went to settle some financial issues in the Nizhny Novgorod province - his family estate Boldino was located there. At that time, and it was the autumn of 1830, cholera was raging in Russia, so Pushkin had to become an involuntary recluse in Boldino for several months. This period of "Boldino autumn" became incredibly fruitful in the life of Alexander Sergeevich, and the cycle "Belkin's Tale" was born at that time. The story "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman", the analysis of which we are conducting, has entered this cycle.

Although in general the stories from this cycle are very different, they are united by a common theme. What is it? Pushkin focuses on the personality of ordinary people, philosophically talks about life events and the experiences associated with them. As for Pushkin's story "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman" - it is light and elegant, differs from others in the manifestation of vaudeville and incredibly exciting. So, what is the story "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman" about?

Let's briefly consider the storyline - knowledge of the plot will help to make an analysis of the story "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman" more qualitatively. You can read the full version of the summary separately on our website, and now what is "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman" about very briefly.

The young lady Liza learned that the son of the landowner Berestov, whose name is Alexei, had come from St. Petersburg to his father's estate, and Liza wanted to meet the young master. However, due to an old quarrel between their fathers, this is not possible, so Liza decides to "turn" into a simple girl, supposedly a peasant woman. Now she is Akulina. Having gone under this guise to the forest for mushrooms, she seems to accidentally run into Alexei, and they begin a romantic relationship. Soon, Liza Muromsky's father and Alexei Berestov's father reconcile, and having met at a dinner party, they want their children to get to know each other. Liza, so that Alexey does not recognize her, changes clothes again, creating the impression of a "discharged, powdered doll." Alexei is not at all interested in the girl, thinking about Akulina, so the goal is achieved.

At the same time, the landlord fathers have already taken it into their heads to become related, so they are determined to marry their children. Aleksey, all upset, goes to Lizaveta to say that he does not want to marry her, but instead of Lizaveta he finds the peasant woman Akulina. In the end, there is a happy ending.

Conclusions in the analysis of the story "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman" by Pushkin

We discussed what the story "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman" is about. Of course, the work is quite small in volume, but because of this it is no less interesting. What features can be noted in the story?

Firstly, Pushkin draws incredibly lively, simple and sincere images that are very sweet and attractive. Having met the main characters on the pages of the story, you feel sympathy for them. I want to experience events with him and be the center of attention. Lisa and Alexei manage to overcome all difficulties, forget about prejudices and achieve their happiness.

Secondly, the story "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman", the analysis of which we continue to do, has an interesting style - Pushkin traditionally adheres to a romantic orientation, and the composition of the story is based on love stories that distinguish the works of the late 18th and early nineteenth centuries. But here it is necessary to make a reservation - the story "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman" stands apart when compared with similar analogues.

Thirdly, Pushkin's plot idea is somewhat fantastic, which makes readers think that a person's life is full of oddities and unexpected turns, but the strength of feelings, their depth, can make any fate bright.

We have presented you an analysis of Pushkin's The Young Lady-Peasant Woman, and we hope that this information will be useful to you. Share the article with your friends, recommend our literary portal to others.