A. I. Kuprin. Life and creation.

The embodiment of the moral ideal in the story "Olesya"

Lesson Objectives: give an overview of the creative path of Kuprin in comparison with the work of Bunin; reveal the idea and artistic features of the story "Olesya".

Lesson equipment: portrait of A. I. Kuprin.

Methodical methods: teacher's story, student's report, analytical conversation.

During the classes

I. teacher's word

The work of the contemporary of I. A. Bunin, Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin (1870-1938), was known to the Soviet reader more widely because, unlike Bunin, Kuprin returned from emigration to his homeland a year before his death, in 1937. Therefore, the works of Kuprin were published in the Soviet Union, and the emigrant Bunin was not published until the end of the fifties of the twentieth century.

These writers have a lot in common. First of all, following the traditions of Russian classical literature, adherence to realism in the depiction of life, attitude to the work of Leo Tolstoy as a model, the lessons of Chekhov's mastery. Kuprin is also interested in the relationship between man and nature, love as an element of living life. Kuprin develops the theme of the "little man", emphasizing the "extraordinary nature of each". But if for Bunin the main thing is a contemplative, analytical beginning, then for Kuprin, brightness, strength, integrity of character are important.

II. Student's message about the biography of A. I. Kuprin

III. teacher's word

Kuprin spent thirteen years of childhood and youth in closed educational institutions: the Alexander Orphan School, the Second Moscow Military Gymnasium, soon transformed into a cadet corps, the Third Alexander Cadet School. After the difficult years of barracks life, Kuprin wandered around provincial Russia, was a reporter, a loader in the port of Odessa, and a construction manager, a land surveyor, worked at a foundry, performed on stage, studied dentistry, was a journalist ...

“He was always tormented by a thirst to explore, to understand, to study how people of various professions live and work ... His insatiable, greedy vision brought him festive joy!” - K. I. Chukovsky wrote about Kuprin. The mass of life observations, impressions, experiences became the basis of his work. “You are a reporter of life ... stick your head everywhere ... get into the very thick of life” - this is how Kuprin defined his confession. Kuprin is a temperamental, broad nature, a man of elements and intuition. His favorite characters have the same traits. The language of his prose is colorful and juicy (he did not write lyrics).

The first book, published in 1896, was called Kyiv Types. Two years later, the story "Olesya" was published, which posed the problem of a national character and was the embodiment of the writer's dream of a wonderful person, of a free, healthy life, of merging with nature.

IV. Conversation on the story "Olesya"

What is the significance of the setting of the story?

(The action of the story takes place in the bosom of nature, in the wilderness of Polissya, where fate threw the hero, a city man, “for six whole months.” The hero expects new experiences, acquaintances with strange customs, a peculiar language with poetic legends, traditions. And his expectations are justified The scene is also important for clarifying the author's idea.)

What role does landscape play in the story? Give examples.

(The winter forest landscape contributes to a special state of mind, solemn silence emphasizes detachment from the civilized world, the howling of the wind intensifies melancholy and boredom. Nature is not just the background of the story. Gradually it becomes a participant in events. First, the forces of nature are personified: “The wind outside the walls of the house raged like an old , a chilled, naked devil. In his roar, groans, squeals and wild laughter were heard ... Outside, someone furiously threw handfuls of fine dry snow at the windows. The nearby forest murmured and hummed with a continuous, hidden, dull threat. " Gradually, the sounds of the wind almost materialize, and the hero imagines some kind of "terrible guest" bursting into his old house. Anxiety is added by Yarmol's servant, mysteriously reporting: "why the witcher was born, wich the witcher is celebrating fun."

Descriptions of the landscape are often imbued with a lyrical warm mood: “The snow turned pink in the sun and turned blue in the shade. I was seized by the quiet charm of this solemn, cold silence, and it seemed to me that I feel how time slowly and silently passes me by. Finally, nature, its strength, mystery, charm are embodied in the “sorceress” Olesya. The acquaintance of the characters takes place in the spring: nature awakens - feelings awaken. In the last chapter - a sudden whirlwind, an unbearably stuffy day, a thunderstorm, hail - nature portends a break, separation, the collapse of love. A symbolic image of a mulberry tree stands out, which "stood completely naked, all the leaves were knocked off it by terrible blows of hail." The hero's dreary anxiety is justified - the "unexpected grief" that he foresaw happened: Olesya is lost to him forever.

Nature either echoes the feelings of the characters, promotes the awakening and development of their souls, or serves as a means of creating an image (Olesya), emphasizing the natural, natural charm of a person, or is the antithesis of the “civilized selfish world.)

- How does Kuprin draw the image of the main character?

(The appearance of Olesya is foreshadowed by nature itself, Yarmola mentions the “witcher”, the hero hears Olesya’s fresh, sonorous and strong voice, and finally she herself appears - “a tall brunette about twenty or twenty-five years old” with a face that “could not be forgotten .. ... but it was difficult to describe it ": slyness, imperiousness and naivety" in the look of "large, shiny, dark eyes." Her face easily changes expression from severity to childish shyness (Chapter III). Olesya is compared with young Christmas trees that have grown up in the freedom of the old Bora (Chapter IV). The hero is also attracted by "the halo of mystery surrounding her, the superstitious reputation of a witch, life in the thicket in the middle of a swamp, and in particular - this proud self-confidence". everything that poisons the relationship of people in the civilized world, to which Ivan Timofeevich belongs, is alien to her.)

- What is the peculiarity of the image of the hero-narrator?

(Olesya herself describes the hero: although you are a kind person, you are only weak ... your kindness is not good, not cordial. You are not master of your word ... You will not love anyone with your heart, because your heart is cold, lazy, but to those who love you, you will bring much grief.")

How is the plot of the story structured?

(Pictures of life and pictures of nature are connected in a single stream: for example, after the hero’s meeting with Olesya, a picture of a stormy spring, a declaration of love is accompanied by a description of a moonlit night. The plot is built on the opposition of the world of Olesya and the world of Ivan Timofeevich. He perceives relations with Olesya as “naive , a charming fairy tale of love, "she also knows in advance that this love will bring grief, but that it is inevitable, that you cannot run away from fate. His love gradually decreases, he is almost afraid of her, tries to delay the explanation, make an offer to Olesya and say about his departure (Chapter XI) He thinks first of all about himself: “Good and learned people marry seamstresses, maids ... and live beautifully ... I won’t be more unhappy than others, really?” And Olesya’s love is gradually gaining strength, opens up, becomes selfless. The pagan Olesya comes to the church and barely escapes from the brutal crowd, ready to tear the “witch.” Olesya turns out to be much higher and stronger than the hero, these forces are in her naturalness.)

- What color accompanies the image of Olesya?

(This is red, the color of love and anxiety: “Olesya’s red skirt stood out as a bright spot against the dazzling white, even background of snow (first meeting); red cashmere scarf (first date, in the same scene Olesya speaks blood), a string of cheap red beads , corals - the only thing that remained "in memory of Oles and her tender, generous love (last episode).

- Why did the happiness of the heroes turn out to be so short?

(Olesya, who has the gift of foresight, feels, realizes the inevitability of the tragic end of a short happiness. It is impossible to continue this happiness in a stuffy, cramped city. They are too different people. All the more valuable is her self-denial, an attempt to reconcile her independent way of life with what is deeply alien to her The theme of "magical" love is replaced by another, constantly heard in Kuprin's work - the theme of the unattainability of happiness.)

What do you think the idea behind the story is?

(Kuprin shows that only in unity with nature, in preserving naturalness, a person is able to achieve spiritual purity and nobility.)

V. Student's report (or teacher's message) on the history of the story "Olesya" and its connections with the cycle of I. S. Turgenev "Notes of a Hunter"

Kuprin always felt a craving for the earth, for nature, which embodied for him ideas of freedom, harmonious life. In an interview, he said: “I love Russia and am attached to its land. It gives strength to me and my writings. I am happy to spend time in a simple Russian village: field, forest, peasants, round dances, hunting, fishing, simplicity, the scope of Russian nature ... "

In the spring of 1897, the writer was in the Volyn province, in Polissya. The impressions of this trip served as the basis for a cycle of stories. In addition to Kuprin's own observations, Turgenev's influence, in particular, his "Notes of a Hunter" is clearly visible in the Polissya cycle.

Both writers are characterized by the desire for the "natural state" of the individual: merging with nature, craving for spiritual harmony, lack of practicality in relation to natural resources, natural relationships of people based not on calculation, but on love. Both Turgenev and Kuprin were sympathetic and attentive to the fate of ordinary people, depicted them in conditions of oppression, historical trials, and hard work. Related to this is the problem of the relationship between the people and the intelligentsia.

Many heroes of Kuprin's works resemble the characters of Turgenev, there is an undeniable commonality in the depiction of reality, life, and mores.

Both writers created a cycle of stories about folk life. However, the principles for combining stories are different: in the "Notes of a Hunter" they are connected by a common hero-narrator, while Kuprin has several narrators. The works of writers are united by their attitude to the peasantry, to the problem of man and nature.

The hero of "Notes of a Hunter" Yermolai and the hero of "Olesya" Yarmola are similar. First of all, their names are consonant, or rather, Yarmola is a colloquial version of the name Yermolai. Both have a hunting gift, observant, understand the language of nature. Both feel their superiority over the master-hunter. If Turgenev refers to the shortcomings of Yermolai with humor (he is indifferent to everyday rural work), then Kuprin portrays his Yarmola critically: ignorant, dark, prone to prejudice. When the hunter finds out about the acquaintance of the “panych” with the “witcher” Manuilikha, he turns away from Ivan Timofeevich:

“His black eyes followed me from afar with reproach and displeasure every time I was about to go into the forest, although he did not express his reprimand in a single word.”

Kuprin emphasizes Yarmola’s connection with other Polissya peasants, accustomed to their servile position: “They looked at me with surprise, refused to understand the simplest questions and tried to kiss my hands, while others just fell down at my feet and tried with all their might to lick mine. boots". For Kuprin, belonging to the peasant class, to a “simple” life does not at all mean inner emancipation, closeness to nature, to naturalness. Prejudices, the oppressed situation, the hard life of the peasants do not allow their bright principles to develop.

Kuprin describes cruelty, ignorance, drunkenness with obvious condemnation. Turgenev's narrative tone is more calm, objective, detached, imperturbable. He tries to show the extraordinary nature of the peasants, their natural talent. This difference is largely due to the fact that Turgenev was, in essence, the pioneer of the peasant theme, his task was to present the peasants as people who sometimes were not inferior to the “masters” in their spiritual qualities, but in some ways even surpassed them.

The commonality of writers manifests itself most significantly in the depiction of nature, in understanding its role in human life. Kuprin's ideal is the inseparable fusion of man with the eternally beautiful earthly world. Landscape painting by Turgenev, valuable in itself, often serves to convey mental states. Kuprin's image of nature is endowed with various functions.

2. Answer the questions:

What is the meaning of the title of the story?

What topics does the writer cover?

Having become acquainted with the work of A. I. Kuprin, I noted for myself the main theme of his works - this is the chanting of pure, immaculate, generous love. Love of different people: Olesya is “a whole, original, free nature, her mind, both clear and shrouded in unshakable mediocre superstition, childishly innocent, but not without the sly coquetry of a beautiful woman”, and Ivan Timofeevich is “although a kind man, but only weak". They belong to different social strata: Ivan Timofeevich is an educated person, a writer who came

In Polissya “observe morals”, and Olesya is a “witch”, an uneducated girl who grew up in the forest. But despite these differences, they fell in love with each other.

However, their love was different: Ivan Timofeevich was attracted by the beauty, tenderness, femininity, naivety of Olesya, and she, on the contrary, was aware of all his shortcomings and knew that their love was doomed, but, despite this, she loved him with all her ardent soul. After all, for the sake of Ivan Timofeevich, she went to church, although she knew that it would end tragically for her, but I don’t consider the love of the protagonist as pure and generous. He knew that misfortune might happen if Olesya went to church, but did nothing to stop her: “Suddenly, a horror of foreboding seized me. I irresistibly wanted to run after Olesya, catch up with her and beg, beg, even demand, if necessary, that she not go to church.

But I restrained my unexpected impulse…”. Ivan Timofeevich, although he loved Olesya, was at the same time afraid of this love. It was this fear that prevented him from marrying her: “Only one circumstance frightened and stopped me: I did not even dare to imagine what Olesya would be like, dressed in a human dress, talking in the living room with the wives of my colleagues, torn out of this charming frame of the old forest ". The love of Olesya and Ivan Timofeevich is a tragedy, as is the fate of Olesya herself, because she differed sharply from the Perebrod peasants primarily in her pure, open soul, the wealth of her inner world.

Olesya is the complete opposite of Ivan Timofeevich. In her image, Kuprin embodies his ideas about the ideal of a woman. She absorbed the laws by which nature lives, her soul is not corrupted by civilization. The writer creates an exclusively romantic image of the “daughter of the forests”.

Olesya's life passes in isolation from people, and therefore she does not care about what many modern people devote their lives to: fame, wealth, power, rumor. Emotions are the main motives for her actions. Moreover, Olesya is a sorceress, she knows the secrets of the human subconscious. This is what gave rise to the hatred of callous, narrow-minded people for her. And, as you know, people always strive to destroy someone they do not understand, someone who is different from them.

Therefore, the heroine is forced to part with her beloved and flee from her native forest. Olesya's love becomes the greatest gift that can give life to the hero of the story. In this love there is both selflessness and courage, on the one hand, and contradiction, on the other.

The writer sees the true meaning of love in the desire to disinterestedly give his chosen one the fullness of feelings that a loving person is capable of. A person is imperfect, but the power of love can, at least for a short time, restore to him the sharpness of sensations and naturalness, which only people like Olesya have preserved in themselves.

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Pestretsova Olga Sergeevna
Job title: teacher of literature and Russian
Educational institution: MAOU secondary school No. 12
Locality: the city of Sharypovo, Krasnoyarsk Territory
Material name: SUMMARY OF THE LESSON - PROJECT
Topic:"The embodiment of the moral ideal in the story "Olesya" by A.I. Kuprin"
Publication date: 16.09.2018
Chapter: complete education

MUNICIPAL AUTONOMOUS GENERAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

"Secondary school No. 12", Sharypovo

SUMMARY OF THE LESSON - PROJECT

Embodiment of the moral ideal

in the story "Olesya" by A.I. Kuprin

Teacher of Russian language and literature

Pestretsova Olga Sergeevna

Target: reveal the idea and artistic features of the story "Olesya".

Tasks:

1. Personal: to form the ability to see the beauty of nature.

2. Subject: improve the skills of analyzing a work to identify it

ideological and artistic originality.

cognitive:

create

generalizations,

install

analogies;

logical reasoning, draw conclusions;

regulatory:

determine

learning,

adjust

actions in accordance with the changing situation;

Communicative: the ability to organize joint activities with the teacher and

peers, work individually and in a group.

Lesson type: learning new material

Lesson Form: lesson-project

During the classes

Lesson stages

Introduction

(2 minutes)

Introductory remarks by the teacher

prose of the early 20th century. Oh bright

names of writers Bunin and

Communication of the purpose and form of the lesson.

Update stage

(3 minutes)

What are the features of creativity

What works

belong to the writer?

What does Kuprin write about in these

works?

His hero is bright

strong active,

whole personality.

- "Duel",

"Garnet bracelet",

Shulamith.

His writings about

The problem of the unanswered

platonic, high

love, love before

self-denial and even

self-destruction,

beautiful love

"little man with

great soul"

Staging stage

Problems

(2 minutes)

What does the writer write about?

story "Olesya"

Traditionally about love.

Olesya and Ivan

Timofeevich love each other

puts in this work if

is it about love?

The problem is that

characters love each other

but together they are not destined

to be. After all, it is natural:

if love is mutual

then people should be

together. (awareness

Problems)

project

staging

definition

(4 minutes)

This is the problem we are facing today

We'll try to solve it in class. And

we will solve it through the project.

What is the purpose of the project?

To achieve this goal, what

you have to do i.e. what kind

solve tasks?

Find out the reasons

unhappy ending

story: why

loving each other

heroes are not happy

and did not stay together.

Put forward hypotheses.

Check them out via

text analysis.

Consider

artistic

features to

understand thoughts and

Olesya's mood and

Ivan Timofeevich.

nomination

(3 minutes)

What are your assumptions

Why didn't the characters get together?

The teacher writes hypotheses on

different origins

They were brought up and

lived differently.

She lives in harmony with

nature, and he is spoiled

secular life.

Misunderstanding

the people around them.

You formulated the problem

set goals and objectives,

put forward hypotheses.

Get Started

set goals and objectives for

problem solving in groups.

In preparing to defend your

hypotheses, use these

1. What is the significance of the place

actions in honor?

2. What role does

Students work in

Testing the hypotheses

through answering questions

and text analysis.

Make a diagram for

understanding the answer.

3. How Kuprin draws an image

main character?

4. What is special

images of the hero-narrator?

5. How is the plot structured?

6. What color accompanies

performances

Those who wish answer

students from the group

Result

(2 minutes)

Which of the proposed schemes

we accept as the most

accessible and understandable?

Here is the diagram of the second group:

are portrayed

Heroes Landscape

lives in harmony

with nature

Ivan Timofeevich

does not understand nature

Second group.

The conclusion is

next: only

unity with nature,

conservation

naturalness man

able to reach

spiritual purity and

nobility. Such was

Olesya. But the hero was not

harmony with nature.

Therefore they could not

be together

Summary (1 minute)

Your answer is on topic.

lesson. So who is in the story

the embodiment of moral

incarnation

moral ideal in

unity of nature and

person.

Homework: (1

Write a review for the story

"Olesya" according to the composition plan in

Topic: A. I. Kuprin. Life and creation. The embodiment of the moral ideal in the story "Olesya".

Goals:

1. give an overview of the creative path of Kuprin, compare with the work of Bunin;
2. reveal the idea and artistic features of the story "Olesya", show the writer's skill in depicting the world of human feelings;
3. to deepen the skills of commented and artistic reading, to consolidate the ability to fully perceive a work of art;
4. to form a reader capable of understanding the depth of human feelings, the beauty of nature.

Lesson type: combined.

Methods: heuristic, research, creative reading.

Types of student activities:students' messages, recording during the lecture, answers to questions, expressive reading, image analysis, selection of quotations.

Equipment: portrait of Kuprin, presentation, illustrations by I. Glazunov, P. Pinkisevich.

Lesson plan:

1. Organizational stage (3 min.)
2. Assimilation of new knowledge and improvement (34 min.) :

• creativity of Bunin and Kuprin (comparison);
• a message about Kuprin's biography;
• a message about the history of the story "Olesya";
• conversation on the story "Olesya".

1. Summing up (5 min.)
2. Homework (3 min.)

During the classes

1. Organizational stage.

W.: Hello, have a seat!

We have finished studying Gorky's work, we have written an essay based on his work. A little earlier, we studied the work of Bunin. Today's lesson will be connected with it. The topic of our lesson is A.I. Kuprin. Life and creation. The embodiment of the moral ideal in the story "Olesya" (slide 1). Let's write in a notebook. We will get acquainted with the biography of the writer (tell us about this yourself), creativity, compare it with the work of Bunin and consider the story "Olesya".

2. Assimilation of new knowledge and improvement.

W.: The work of Bunin's peer, Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin (1870 - 1938) (slide 2), was known to the Soviet reader more widely because, unlike Bunin, Kuprin returned from emigration to his homeland a year before his death. These writers have a lot in common. First of all, following the traditions of Russian classical literature, adherence to realism in the depiction of life, attitude to the work of Leo Tolstoy as a model, the lessons of Chekhov's mastery. Kuprin is also interested in the relationship between man and nature, love as an element of living life. Kuprin develops the theme of the "little man", emphasizing "the need for everyone." But if for Bunin the main thing is a contemplative, analytical beginning, then for Kuprin, brightness, strength, integrity of character are important.

Let's hear about Kuprin's biography and write down the main points from his life (student's message).

Kuprin spent thirteen years of childhood and youth in closed educational institutions: the Alexander Orphan School, the Second Moscow Military Gymnasium, soon transformed into a cadet corps, the Third Alexander Cadet School. After the hard years of barracks life, Kuprin wandered around provincial Russia, was a reporter, a loader in the port of Odessa, and a construction manager, a land surveyor, worked at a foundry, performed on stage, studied dentistry, was a journalist ...

“He was always tormented by a thirst to explore, to understand, to study how people of various professions live and work ... His insatiable, greedy vision brought him festive joy!” - K. I. Chukovsky wrote about Kuprin. The mass of life observations, impressions, experiences became the basis of his work.

“You are a reporter of life ... stick your head everywhere ... get into the very thick of life” - this is how Kuprin defined his vocation. Kuprin is a temperamental, broad nature, a man of elements and intuition. His favorite characters have the same traits. The language of his prose is colorful and juicy(he did not write lyrics).

The first book, published in 1896, was called Kyiv Types. Two years later, the story "Olesya" was published, which posed the problem of a national character and was the embodiment of the writer's dream of a wonderful person, of a free, healthy life, of merging with nature.

Let's listen to a message about the history of the creation of the story (student's message).

Now let's talk about the story itself. You should have read it at home. Let's see how you understood the idea and the main idea of ​​the author.

1. For what purpose does the young "panych" Ivan Timofeevich come to a remote village in the Volyn province?

The hero, as a writer, is attracted by everything! “Polesye… backwoods… bosom of nature… simple morals… primitive nature,” the hero reflects, “a people completely unfamiliar to me, with strange customs, a peculiar language… and, probably, what a lot of poetic legends, traditions and songs!”

2. What breaks the habitual boredom of the city "gentleman"?

- Ivan Timofeevich learns about the existence of a witch. And decides to find this mysterious house.

3. How does Kuprin draw images of the main characters?

Ivan Timofeevich is described by Olesya herself: “although you are a kind person, you are weak… your kindness is not good, not cordial. You are not the master of your word ... You will not love anyone with your heart, because your heart is cold, lazy, and you will bring a lot of grief to those who love you.

And Ivan Timofeevich sees Olesya like this: “My stranger, a tall brunette about 20-25 years old, kept herself light and slender. A spacious white shirt freely and beautifully wrapped around her young, healthy breasts. The original beauty of her face, once seen, could not be forgotten, but it was difficult. Even getting used to it, describe it. His charm lay in those large, brilliant, dark eyes, to which thin eyebrows, broken in the middle, gave an elusive shade of slyness, authoritativeness and naivety; in a swarthy-pink skin tone, in a masterful curve of the lips, of which the lower, somewhat fuller, protruded forward with a determined and capricious look.

4. How do ordinary people feel about Olesya and her grandmother?

They don't bother. But the authorities constantly humiliate and rob.

5. What fairy-tale elements are used in the description of Manuilikha?

- Her house is behind a swamp. In appearance, it resembles Baba Yaga: thin cheeks, a long chin, a toothless mouth.

6. What gift does Olesya have?

By the face it can determine the fate of a person, speak a wound, catch up with fear, treat the most serious illnesses with plain water and knock down with one glance. But does not use for evil.

7. How does Ivan Timofeevich describe the time of love?

- “For almost a whole month, the naive, charming fairy tale of our love continued, and to this day, together with the beautiful appearance of Olesya, these blazing evening dawns, these dewy, fragrant lilies of the valley and honey mornings, full of cheerful freshness and ringing bird noise, live with unfading strength in my soul. , these hot, languid lazy June days ... "

8. And what do the heroes experience during this time of love?

- Olesya is the first to pour out her feelings. But Olesya is afraid that one day she will get tired of her beloved. And Ivan Timofeevich is afraid that Olesya will be torn out of her native environment.

9. How does the story end?

Ivan Timofeevich leaves. Olesya and her grandmother are forced to flee. Olesya went to church before that. But she was driven out. And Olesya threatened fellow villagers. On the same day there was hail. And killed the harvest. Everything was attributed to Olesya.

10. Why is the development of love shown in close connection with pictures of nature?

The main idea of ​​the story is that only far from civilization can one find a person who is able to love disinterestedly, devotedly. Only in unity with nature can a person achieve moral purity and nobility. The landscape is sensitively changing with the change in Olesya's state of mind.

11. How is the plot of the story built?

Pictures of life and pictures of nature are connected in a single stream: for example, after the meeting of the hero with Olesya - a picture of a stormy spring, a declaration of love is accompanied by a description of a moonlit night. The plot is built on the opposition of the world of Olesya and the world of Ivan Timofeevich.

12. What color accompanies the image of Olesya?

Red. A red skirt, a red scarf, a string of cheap red beads. It is the color of love, but at the same time the color of anxiety.

3. Summing up.

W.: Let's turn to the textbook (reading the analysis of the story and answering questions 3-5).

W.: Kuprin in his story showed the ideal of a moral person - an ideal that is inextricably linked with nature. Only in nature can true and bright feelings be born - love. Therefore, a large role in the story is given to nature. It is she who helps to form a pure person.
What are your thoughts on the story?

4. Homework.

Literature:

1. V. A. Chalmaev, S. A. Zinin. Literature grade 11. M., "Russian Word", 2008.
2. G. S. Merkin, S. A. Zinin, V. A. Chalmaev. Literature program for grades 5-11. M., "Russian Word", 2010.
3. G. Kh. Abkharova, T. O. Skirgailo. Literature. Thematic planning. M., "Russian Word", 2012.
4. N. V. Egorova, I. V. Zolotareva. Lesson developments in Russian literature. Grade 11. M., Wako, 2004.

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A. I. Kuprin. Life and creation. The embodiment of the moral ideal in the story "Olesya".

Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin 1870 -1938

August 26, 1870 - was born in the city of Narovchat, Penza province; 1873 - moving to Moscow; Creativity: 1896 - "Kyiv Types" 1896 - the story "Moloch" 1898 - the story "Olesya" 1905 - "Black Fog" 1906 - "Staff Captain Rybnikov"

1908 - "Shulamith" 1911 - "Garnet Bracelet" 1919 - forced to emigrate to Paris. 1937 - return to the USSR. August 25, 1938 - died in Moscow

“Forever he was tormented by a thirst to explore, to understand, to study how people of various professions live and work. His insatiable, greedy vision gave him festive joy! K. I. Chukovsky

“You are a reporter of life ... stick your head everywhere ... get into the very thick of life” (Kuprin’s vocation)

1. For what purpose does the young "panych" Ivan Timofeevich come to a remote village in the Volyn province?

2. What breaks the habitual boredom of the city "gentleman"? 3. How does Kuprin draw images of the main characters? (quotes from text)

4. How do ordinary people feel about Olesya and her grandmother? 5. What fairy-tale elements are used in the description of Manuilikha? 6. What gift does Olesya have?

7. How does Ivan Timofeevich describe the time of love? 8. And what do the heroes experience during this time of love? 9. How does the story end?

10. Why is the development of love shown in close connection with pictures of nature? 11. How is the plot of the story built? 12. What color accompanies the image of Olesya?

Homework Article in the textbook (p. 88 - 94). Read the story "Garnet Bracelet"

Development of a lesson in literature

Topic: A.I. Kuprin. Life and creation. The embodiment of the moral ideal in the story "Olesya".

Teacher: Sannikova N.N.

Target: give an overview of the creative path of Kuprin in comparison with the work of Bunin; reveal the idea and artistic features of the story "Olesya".

Equipment: portrait of A.I. Kuprin.

Methodical methods: teacher's story, student's report, analytical conversation.

During the classes.

1. The word of the teacher.

The work of I.A. Bunin, Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin (1870-1938), was known to the Soviet reader more widely because, unlike Bunin, Kuprin returned from emigration to his homeland a year before his death, in 1937. Therefore, the works of Kuprin were published in the Soviet Union, and the emigrant Bunin was not published until the end of the 50s of the 20th century.

These writers have a lot in common. First of all, following the traditions of Russian classical literature, adherence to realism in the depiction of life, attitude to the work of Leo Tolstoy as a model, the lessons of Chekhov's mastery. Kuprin is also interested in the relationship between man and nature, love as an element of living life. Kuprin develops the theme of the "little man", emphasizing the "extraordinary nature of each". But if for Bunin the main thing is a contemplative, analytical beginning, then for Kuprin brightness, strength, integrity of character are important.

2. Message from a student about the biography of A.I. Kuprin.

3. The word of the teacher.

Kuprin spent 13 years of childhood and youth in closed educational institutions:

Alexander Orphan School, Second Moscow Military Gymnasium, soon transformed into a cadet corps, Third Alexander Cadet School. After the hard years of barracks life, Kuprin wandered around provincial Russia, was both a reporter and a loader in the port of Odessa, and a construction manager, a land surveyor, worked at a foundry, performed on stage, studied dentistry, was a journalist.

“He was always tormented by a thirst to explore, understand, study how people of various professions live and work ... His insatiable, greedy vision gave him festive joy!” K.I. Chukovsky wrote about Kuprin. The mass of life observations, impressions, experiences became the basis of his work. “You are a reporter of life ... stick your head everywhere ... get into the very thick of life,” Kuprin defined his vocation. Kuprin is a temperamental, broad nature, a man of elements and intuition. His favorite characters have the same traits. The language of his prose is colorful and juicy (he did not write lyrics).

The first book, published in 1896, was called Kyiv Types. Two years later, the story "Olesya" was published, which posed the problem of a national character and was the embodiment of the writer's dream of a wonderful person, of a free, healthy life, of merging with nature.

4. Conversation on the story "Olesya".

- What is the significance of the setting of the story?

(The action takes place in the bosom of nature, in the remote places of Polissya, where fate threw the hero, a city man, “for six whole months.” The hero expects new experiences, acquaintances “with strange customs, a peculiar language”, with poetic legends, traditions. And his expectations are justified.The place of action is also important when explaining the author's idea).

- What role does landscape play in the story? Give examples.

(The winter forest landscape contributes to a special state of mind, solemn silence emphasizes detachment from the civilized world, the howling of the wind intensifies melancholy and boredom. Nature is not just the background of the story. Gradually it becomes a participant in events. First, the forces of nature are personified: “The wind outside the walls of the house raged like an old , a chilled naked devil. In his roar, groans, squeals and wild laughter were heard ... Outside, someone furiously threw handfuls of fine dry snow at the windows. The nearby forest murmured and hummed with a continuous, hidden, dull menace. Gradually, the sounds of the wind almost materialize, and the hero imagines some "terrible guest" breaking into his old house.

Descriptions of the landscape are often imbued with a lyrical warm mood: “The snow turned pink in the sun and turned blue in the shade. I was seized by the quiet charm of this solemn, cold silence, and it seemed to me that I felt how time slowly and silently passes me by. Finally, nature, its strength, mystery, charm are embodied in the "sorceress" Olesya. The acquaintance of the heroes takes place in the spring: nature awakens, feelings awaken. In the last chapter - a sudden whirlwind, an unbearably stuffy day, a thunderstorm, hail - nature portends a break, separation, the collapse of love. A symbolic image of a mulberry tree stands out, which "stood completely naked, all the leaves were knocked off it by terrible blows of hail." The hero's dreary anxiety is justified - the "unexpected grief" that he foresaw happened: Olesya is lost to him forever.

Nature either echoes the feelings of the characters, promotes the awakening and development of their souls, or serves as a means of creating an image (Olesya), emphasizing the natural, natural charm of a person, or is the antithesis of the “civilized”, selfish world).

- How does Kuprin draw the image of the main character?

(The appearance of Olesya is foreshadowed by nature itself, Yarmola mentions the "witcher", the hero hears Olesya's "fresh, sonorous and strong" voice, and finally she herself appears - "a tall brunette about twenty to twenty-five years old" with a face that "could not be forgotten ,.. but it was difficult to describe it ":" slyness, dominance and naivety "in the look of" big, shiny, dark eyes ". Her face easily changes expression from severity to childish shyness. (Ch. 3) Olesya is compared with young Christmas trees, who grew up in the free space of an old forest (ch. 4), the Hero is also attracted by "the halo of mystery surrounding her, the superstitious reputation of a witch, life in the thicket of the forest among the swamp, and in particular, this proud self-confidence". By nature, Olesya does not know calculation and cunning, selfishness... Everything that poisons the relationship of people in the civilized world, to which Ivan Timofeevich belongs, is alien to her.)

- What is the peculiarity of the image of the hero-narrator?

(Olesya herself describes the hero: “although you are a kind person, but only weak ... Your kindness is not good, not cordial. You are not a master of your word ... You will not love anyone with your heart, because your heart is cold, lazy, but those who you will be loved, you will bring a lot of grief.)

How is the plot of the story structured?

(Pictures of life and pictures of nature are connected in a single stream: for example, after the hero’s meeting with Olesya, a picture of a stormy spring, a declaration of love is accompanied by a description of a moonlit night. The plot is built on the opposition of the world of Olesya and the world of Ivan Timofeevich. He perceives relations with Olesya as “naive, a charming tale of love, "she knows in advance that this love will bring grief, but that it is inevitable,

that you can't run away from fate. His love gradually decreases, he is almost afraid of her, tries to delay the explanation, propose to Olesya and tell about his departure (ch. 11) He thinks first of all about himself: “Good and learned people marry seamstresses, maids ... and live beautifully ... I won’t be more unhappy than others, really? And Olesya's love gradually gains strength, opens up, becomes selfless. The pagan Olesya comes to the church and barely escapes from the brutal crowd, ready to tear the "witch" apart. Olesya turns out to be much taller and stronger than the hero, these forces are in her naturalness.)

-What color accompanies the image of Olesya?

(This is red, the color of love and the color of anxiety "Olesya's red skirt stood out as a bright spot on the dazzling white, even background of snow (first meeting); red cashmere scarf (first date, in the same scene Olesya speaks blood), a string of cheap red beads, “corals” is the only thing that remains “in memory of Oles6 and her tender, generous love” (last episode).

- Why was the happiness of the heroes so short?

(Olesya, possessing the gift of foresight, feels, realizes the inevitability of the tragic end of a short happiness. It is impossible to continue this happiness in a stuffy, cramped city. They are too different people. All the more valuable is her self-denial, an attempt to reconcile her independent way of life with what is deeply alien to her. The theme of "magic" love is replaced by another, constantly sounding in the work of Kuprin - the theme of the unattainability of happiness.)

-What do you think is the idea of ​​the story?

(Kuprin shows that only in unity with nature, in preserving naturalness, a person is able to achieve spiritual purity and nobility.)

5. Summing up.

6. Homework: reread Kuprin's story "Duel".