During the Great Patriotic War it became one of the most significant themes in Soviet art - literature, painting, cinema. Portal "Culture.RF" recalled the most important sculptural monuments dedicated to the tragedy of this time.

"Motherland is calling!" In Volgograd

Photo: 1zoom.ru

One of the tallest statues in the world "Motherland is calling!" is included in the sculptural triptych along with the monuments "Rear to Front" in Magnitogorsk and "Warrior-Liberator" in Treptow Park in Berlin. The author of the monument was Yevgeny Vuchetich, who created the figure of a woman with a sword raised above her head. The most complex construction took place between 1959 and 1967. It took 5.5 thousand tons of concrete and 2.4 thousand tons of metal structures to make the monument. Inside the "Motherland" is absolutely hollow, it consists of separate chambers, in which metal cables are stretched, supporting the frame of the monument. The height of the grandiose monument is 87 meters, it is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the largest sculpture-statue in the world at the time of the construction of the monument.

"Let's beat swords into plowshares" in Moscow

Photo: Oksana Aleshina / photo bank "Lori"

The statues of Yevgeny Vuchetich "Let's Forge Swords into Plowshares", depicting a worker who forges weapons into a plow, are located in several cities around the world. The very first was installed in 1957 at the UN Headquarters in New York - it was a gift to the States from the Soviet Union as a sign of friendship. Other author's copies of the monument can be seen near the Central House of Artists in Moscow, in the Kazakh city of Ust-Kamenogorsk and in Volgograd. This work by Yevgeny Vuchetich was recognized not only in the USSR, but also abroad: for it he was awarded the silver medal of the Peace Council and received the Grand Prix at an exhibition in Brussels.

"To the Heroic Defenders of Leningrad" in St. Petersburg

Photo: Igor Litvyak / photobank "Lori"

The project of the monument to the "Heroic Defenders of Leningrad" was developed by sculptors and architects who participated in the defense of the city - Valentin Kamensky, Sergey Speransky and Mikhail Anikushin. Deployed to one of the bloodiest places in the history of the battle for Leningrad - the Pulkovo Heights, the composition consists of 26 bronze sculptures of the city's defenders (soldiers, workers) and a 48-meter granite obelisk in the center. The Blockade memorial hall is also located here, separated by an open ring, symbolizing the breakthrough of the fascist defense of Leningrad. The memorial was built at the expense of voluntary donations from the townspeople.

"Defenders of the Soviet Arctic during the Great Patriotic War" ("Alyosha") in Murmansk

Photo: Irina Borsuchenko / photo bank "Lori"

One of the tallest Russian monuments, the 35-meter Murmansk "Alyosha", was erected in Murmansk in memory of unknown soldiers who gave their lives for the Soviet Arctic. The monument is located on a high hill - 173 meters above sea level, so the figure of a soldier in a raincoat with a machine gun over his shoulder can be seen from anywhere in the city. The Eternal Flame is burning next to Alyosha and there are two anti-aircraft guns. The authors of the project are architects Igor Pokrovsky and Isaac Brodsky.

"To Panfilov Heroes" in Dubosekovo

Photo: rotfront.su

The memorial complex in Dubosekovo, dedicated to the feat of 28 soldiers from the division of Major General Ivan Panfilov, consists of six 10-meter sculptures: a political officer, two fighters with grenades and three more soldiers. In front of the sculptural group there is a strip of concrete slabs - this is a symbol of the line that the Germans were never able to overcome. The authors of the monument project were Nikolai Lyubimov, Alexei Postol, Vladimir Fedorov, Vitaly Datyuk, Yuri Krivushchenko and Sergei Khadzhibaronov.

Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Moscow

Photo: Dmitry Neumoin / photo bank "Lori"

In 1966, a memorial dedicated to the Unknown Soldier was built in the Alexander Garden near the Kremlin wall. The ashes of one of the soldiers buried in a mass grave and a helmet from the times of the Great Patriotic War are buried here. The inscription "Your name is unknown, your feat is immortal" is carved on a granite tombstone. Since May 8, 1967, the Eternal Flame has been continuously burning on the monument, which was lit from the fire on the Field of Mars. Another part of the memorial is burgundy porphyry blocks depicting a golden star, in which capsules with earth from hero cities (Leningrad, Volgograd, Tula and others) are walled up.

Monument to the soldiers of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps in Yekaterinburg

Photo: Elena Koromyslova / photo bank "Lori"

Memorial of Glory.
(Orsk)
The Glory Memorial is located in the Leninsky district on Victory Square near Prospekt Mira.
Opened May 9, 1965. In 1967, the Eternal Flame was lit. The memorial was erected on the mass grave of the soldiers of the Soviet army who died during the Great Patriotic War in Orsk hospitals (1941-1945). On April 27, 1965, the remains of 216 soldiers were reburied from the closed city cemetery at the site of the future memorial in 12 urns. Initially, a block of unpolished Orsk multi-colored jasper and a bronze plaque were installed, on which a monument to a Soviet soldier in Berlin's Treptow Park was depicted in relief. A bowl with Eternal Flame was placed in front of the stone. The entire structure was placed on a concrete pedestal. The authors of the monument are Orsk architects E.Ya. Markov, B.G. Zavodovsky, A.N. Silin. In 1975, the monument was reconstructed: the mass grave was faced with polished red Orsk jasper.
In its center is the Eternal Flame, over which hangs a bronze wreath of Glory. Behind the grave there is a wall of black stone with an inscription "Motherland! The Russian land, irrigated with the blood of its soldiers, honors their memory forever". Behind the wall - ate. The authors are Orsk architects P.P. Priymak, G.I. Sokolov, V.N. Yakimov. During the reconstruction of the memorial in 1988, the lining of the military grave was replaced with a green-black serpentine, marble slabs with the names of soldiers who died in Orsk hospitals, Orchans who died on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War, and those who died in Afghanistan were installed around the perimeter of the memorial.
The black stone inscription was transferred to white marble slabs in the center of the memorial.
In 1995, additional memorial pylons were installed with the names of the Orchans who died in 1941-1945, in the Afghan war of 1979-1989, in the hot spots of Russia (North Caucasus) in the 1990s.
In April-August 2000, the square of Glory was reconstructed, the second line of pylons was installed, where more than 8,000 names of Orchans who died in hostilities were added. The main part of the memorial complex is equipped with lawns, flower beds and plantings of deciduous and coniferous trees.
On May 8, 2008, on the eve of Victory Day, the Alley of Heroes was opened on the territory of the Square of Glory. The memorial is changing its appearance for the fourth time, becoming better and more significant.
The idea of ​​this project appeared in the eighties of the last century. Then, taking into account the wishes of war veterans, the chief artist of Orsk, P. Priymak, worked on a project for the reconstruction of the square and provided for the opening of the Alley of Heroes. But it was only now that nine bronze busts of Heroes of the Soviet Union and two Heroes of Russia were installed, thanks to the decision of the current head of the city.
Preparations for the implementation of the alley project began in 2008, when the necessary photographic materials were sent to Chelyabinsk. The busts of Orchan-heroes were sculpted by a creative group of Chelyabinsk sculptors led by the chairman of the Chelyabinsk branch of the Union of Artists of Russia E. Vargot. Professionals managed to convey not only the external similarity of the defenders of the Motherland, but also their character. As the sculptors themselves assure, the images were created based on the personal history of each hero. Bronze busts weighing about 2 tons each were installed on granite pedestals by specialists from MUP "Requiem".
On the pylons erected on both sides of the alley, the names of the heroes of the Orsk land, who won the Victory and defended the freedom of not only Russians, but also other peoples, are placed.

Literature

1. Memorial of Glory // Orsk city encyclopedia. - Orenburg, 2007. - S. 219.
2. Post number 1 // Orsk City Encyclopedia. - Orenburg, 2007. - S. 234 - 235.
3. Memorial of Glory: photo // Orsk: photo album. - M. 1995. - S. 87.
4. Ivanov, A. The bust of the Hero added to the Walk of Fame / A. Ivanov // Orsk newspaper. - 2008. - September 5. - S. 2.
5. Svetushkova, L. "Heritage" - to the city / L. Svetushkova // Orsk Chronicle. - 2008. - September 5. - S. 2.
6. Goncharenko, V. Ten busts of War Heroes are mounted on columns / V. Goncharenko // Orsk Chronicle. - 2008. - April 22. - S. 1, 2.
7. Rezepkina, N. It is necessary for the living / N. Rezepkina // New Vedomosti. - 2007. - May 9. - p. 3.
8. Efimova, T. There is no future without the past / T. Efimova // Orsk Chronicle. - 2000. - August 31. - S. 2.
9. Karandeev, A. Orchans laid flowers at the renovated memorial / A. Karandeev // Orsk Chronicle. - 2000. - May 13. - S. 2.

SIMFEROPOL, May 7 - RIA Novosti (Crimea). The first, dedicated to the period of the Great Patriotic War, appeared in the Crimea immediately after its liberation - in the spring of 1944. Today there are more than 2 thousand of them. Only in the legendary Sevastopol there are about 400 sculptures erected in honor of the heroic events and valiant people of this bloody war.

So, on the peninsula there are monuments dedicated to pilots, tankers, sailors, medical workers, journalists, military equipment, individual military units and certain people who distinguished themselves during the war years. All of them fought for the Crimean land and brought the Great Victory closer.

Obelisk of Glory on Mount Mithridates

In Crimea, one of the first monuments dedicated to the events of the Great Patriotic War was the Obelisk of Glory in Kerch. It was opened in 1944. The monument was erected in memory of the soldiers and officers of the Separate Primorsky Army and the sailors of the Azov military flotilla, as well as all the soldiers who died in the battles for the liberation of Crimea.

The obelisk was built of stones, which at that time was considered the central church of Kerch.

The trihedral monument, 24 meters high, rests on a massive three-stage pedestal in the shape of a shamrock. 76 mm cannons are mounted on each of its ledges. On the obelisk itself, you can see a bas-relief image of the Order of Glory, and read the memorial text on the pedestal.

Later, a wall was built near the pedestal in the form of an unfolded book, on which the names of the fallen soldiers, including the Heroes of the Soviet Union, are carved. And in 1959, they lit it near the obelisk.

Monument "Sail"

On the shore of the Kerch Strait, a monument "Sail" dedicated to. It is located on a hill in the village of Geroiskoe (Kerch), at an altitude of 30 meters above sea level. Thanks to this, the monument is clearly visible both from the sea and from the shore.

At the place where the "Sail" was installed, the landing party heroically held the bridgehead from November 1, 1943 to December 9, 1943.

The height of the reinforced concrete monument, created in the shape of a sail, is 20 meters. On the front side of the monument, there is a wall with voluminous bas-reliefs depicting scenes of landing battles with the Nazis, and at the foot of the hill there are steles with the names of the Heroes of the Soviet Union, the names of military units and ships that took part in the landing.

Monument in honor of the heroes of the defense of Sevastopol

There are memorial plaques under the monument. On one of them there are the words: "The exploits of the Sevastopol people, their selfless courage and selflessness, fury in the fight against the enemy will live for centuries, they will be crowned with immortal glory." On others, the names of units and formations of the Black Sea Fleet, the Primorsky Army and city enterprises that worked for the front are carved.

The monument was built in 1967. Near it was lit the Eternal Flame. Since 1973, young Sevastopol residents have been guarding post No. 1 at the monument.

By the way, the title of "Hero City" Sevastopol, which for a long time held back the 300,000th army of the enemy, was awarded in 1965.

Monument to the sailor and soldier

The monument "Sailor and Soldier" is installed on Cape Khrustalny. The process of creating the monument lasted more than 30 years. So, the decision to build the sculpture was made in 1972, they began to install it in 1981, and opened it only in 2007,.

The monument is a composition of the figures of an armed sailor and a soldier rushing into battle. The monument stands on a horizontal pedestal. In front of it is a tiled platform with a view of the Sevastopol Bay. The area around the monument has been ennobled, in particular, an alley of trees has been planted here.

Due to its height (more than 40 meters), the monument is the most visible in the hero city.

Monument to the armored train "Zheleznyakov"

The legendary armored train "Zheleznyakov", built in 1941, belonged to the main base of the Black Sea Fleet. He actively participated in during the Great Patriotic War. The German soldiers nicknamed this car the "Green Ghost". And for good reason.

The armored train made 140 combat raids, causing great damage to the enemy in terms of manpower and equipment. After each "sally" the car took cover in a tunnel, where enemy batteries and aircraft could not get it. Only in July 1942 did the Nazis manage to disable the Zheleznyakov.

In peacetime, the armored train was restored and traveled on the Crimean railways until 1967. After that, in memory of Zheleznyakov, his former auxiliary steam locomotive El-2500 was erected as a monument near the Sevastopol bus station. It has the inscription "".

partisan hat

On the Angarsk Pass, in the village of Perevalnoye, Simferopol District, a memorial sign "Partisan Hat" was erected. It is located at the side of the road at 27 km of the Simferopol-Alushta highway.

In these places, during the German occupation of the Crimea, they were actively operating. For two and a half years, the people's avengers fought 252 battles and destroyed about 30 thousand opponents. At the same time, more than 4 thousand partisans and underground fighters died in battles with the Nazis. In memory of their heroic deed, this sculpture was erected in 1963.

The monument is an irregularly shaped block of stone, which is crossed obliquely by an insert of polished red marble. The object resembles a headdress commonly worn. There is a memorial plaque in front of the monument, to the right of it is a stele with high reliefs of partisans, and to the left are two memorial plaques with the names of the dead.

More than 700 marines landed on the Evpatoria coast in January 1942. As a result of fierce fighting, which lasted several days, less than a hundred soldiers survived. Despite the defeat, the landing was able to divert part of the enemy forces from Sevastopol and contributed to the consolidation of the success of the Soviet troops on the Kerch Peninsula.

The monument is a sculptural composition that depicts the moment of landing on the shore. The central figure is a sailor with a grenade raised in his hand. To the right and left of him are two more sailors. On the triangular pedestal of the monument there is an inscription: "Your feat glorifies the Fatherland, its reward is immortality."

Initially, in 1950, a monument in the form of one sailor was erected on this site, but 20 years later it was replaced with a three-figure composition. The previous sculpture was transferred to the cemetery of the village of Koloski (until 1948 - Oraz), in which 17 paratroopers died in an unequal battle with the Nazis.

Monument to a grieving mother

During the German occupation of Evpatoria in 1941-1942, more than 12 thousand civilians were shot. In memory of the victims of fascist terror in 1954, the Red Hill memorial complex was created in the city, on the territory of which a monument to a grieving mother was erected.

The sculpture is a three-meter bronze figure of a woman in a long dress holding two roses in her hand. The monument is set on a pyramidal pedestal over 3 meters high.

The Eternal Flame burns on the base in front of the sculpture. Nearby are a mass grave and a monument to the participants of the Yevpatoriya landing, whose remains were found in 1982 in the park. Karaev.

Today "Krasnaya Gorka" is a place of worship for Evpatorians. They bring flowers to the monument to the grieving mother on other memorable days. In addition, wedding processions come here to honor the memory of the executed citizens.

Monument to the Liberators of Feodosia

In the park "Jubilee" there is a monument to the soldiers of the Separate Primorsky Army, who in April 1944 liberated the city from Nazi invaders.

It is worth noting that in 2015 for the courage, steadfastness and mass heroism of the defenders of Feodosia she. At the moment, this is the only settlement in Crimea that has such an honorary status.

During the liberation of Crimea from enemy troops, the 19th Tank Corps, which was part of the 4th Ukrainian Front, took an active part in the battles. In particular, this military formation fought for Perekop and Sivash, participated in the liberation of Simferopol and Sevastopol.

A monument in the form of a tank mounted on a pedestal appeared in the Crimean capital in 1944. On the territory where the sculpture stands, a complex was created in the form of a stylized portico with columns, between which there are plates with the names of parts and compounds that liberated the peninsula as a whole. The pedestal of the monument is lined with polished granite slabs. There is also a memorial plate with the text: "Glory to the defenders and liberators of Crimea 1941-1944".

By the way, according to experts, the T-34 is the best tank. It was produced in 1940 at the Kharkov Design Bureau.

In different parts of Belarus, which lost every third inhabitant in 1941-1945, symbolic memorial complexes were created, monuments dedicated to the events of the most tragic and bloody war on this long-suffering land were erected.

Today there are about 9 thousand monuments and burial places in the country Great Patriotic War. They are included in military historical routes and excursions, but most importantly, they are holy place of veneration of the dead, an eternal reminder of how priceless world…

Minsk, Victory Square

Architectural and sculptural complex "Minsk - Hero City"

Stele "Minsk - Hero City", erected in 1985 in honor of 40th anniversary of the Great Victory, today is part of a grandiose ensemble. In 1974 Minsk received the title Hero cities for the courage and bravery of its inhabitants during fascist occupation which continued 1100 days and nights. Crowned by a 45-meter obelisk Hero Star, and at the foot there is an engraved text about the awarding of an honorary title to the city. The ensemble is complemented by a bronze sculpture of a woman with fanfare raised high - a symbol of Motherland. Today at the stele "Minsk-city-hero" a grandiose military parade and procession on the main state holiday -.

Minsk, Pobediteley Avenue

More than 5 thousand Belarusian villages were wiped off the face of the earth during Great Patriotic War. Among them and Dalva, June 19, 1944, repeating the tragic fate Khatyn. Today on this site there is a memorial to the memory of the dead, concrete crowns of log cabins and a small museum. The initiator of the creation of the complex, the person who devoted his whole life to it, was Nikolai Girilovich miraculously survived that tragic day. The rest of the villagers - 44 people, 29 of whom were children, were herded into one house and burned alive. The Nazis carried out a cruel punitive operation just 10 days before the arrival of the Red Army troops ...

Minsk region, Logoisk district

Minsk region, Smolevichi district

Minsk region

Brest

At the heart of a memorial dedicated to heroes-liberators of Pinsk – mass grave where the ashes of 244 soldiers rest, monument to armored boat BK-92 and symbolic sign, installed at the landing site of the Dnieper flotilla. The famous "Dot Molchanova": in 1944, the command post of the major was located here George Molchanov, who commanded the 1323rd Infantry Regiment. It was from here that the first message about the liberation of Pinsk came. Today, the interior of the legendary headquarters has been recreated, and in exposure you can see the plans of military operations, maps, a magazine in memory of soldiers ... After that, an open-air museum of military equipment appeared in the memorial complex.

Brest region, Pinsk

Mogilev

Memorial complex "Zemlyanka"

Huge guerrilla "dugout" concrete, and stele with a commemorative inscription appeared in 1982 at the 1st kilometer of the highway – Chausy. In these places at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War was headquarters of the Western Front. Here July 1, 1941 with the participation of marshals of the Soviet Union K. Voroshilov and B. Shaposhnikov, the first meeting was held on the protection and creation of underground detachments behind enemy lines. And a few days later it began, on the outskirts of which 23 days and nights stood 172nd(General M. Romanov) and 110th(Colonel V. Khlebtsev) rifle divisions 61st Rifle Corps of the 13th Army, other units of the Red Army advancing from the west, and people's militias who came to the defense of their native city.

Mogilev district

Memorial complex "In memory of the burned villages of the Mogilev region"

Memorial Ensemble in the village Borki Kirovsky district keeps the memory of the villages of Mogilev region burned during the Great Patriotic War. It so happened that there are hundreds of places that shared the fate of the infamous to the whole world in Belarus. The tragic stories of many of them formed the basis of the famous documentary book "I'm a fire weight" Belarusian authors Ales Adamovich, Yanka Bryl and Vladimir Kolesnik, who recorded for posterity the true story of more than 300 witnesses of those days ... In the bloody list and Borki, which went down in history as one of the most massive punitive operations of the war. On June 15, 1942, the Nazis burned the inhabitants of the village and the surrounding villages - a total of 1800 people ... Decades later, wall of memory and six plates with the names of destroyed settlements, bells and chapel in honor of the icon of the Mother of God "Search for the Lost".

Mogilev region, Kirovsky district, village Borki

Memorial of Military Glory "Ludchitska Height"

symbolic figure guslar, glorifying the exploits of warriors, rises above a high earthen mound. As if frozen in the air, the eternal song of courage sings of the heroism and courage of the fallen soldiers. At the foot of the mound there is a wall-stele with six bas-reliefs of Heroes of the Soviet Union: Vladimir Martynov, Sundutkali Iskaliyev, Gulyam Yakubov, who gave their lives during the storming of the Ludchitska height in June 1944, as well as Ivan Borisevich, Pyotr Vinichenko and Galaktion Razmadze, who participated in the liberation of Bykhov land. Symbol of the memory of the war - Eternal flame- burns at the monument, and the names of the soldiers who fell in the battles for the heights are inscribed on the memorial near the mound of military glory ...

Mogilev region, Bykhov district

Dedicated to the soldiers and partisans who in June 1944 took part in the decisive stage of the liberation operation. The 40,000th German army grouping "Center" was defeated. In 1967, local residents immortalized the feat of the heroes-liberators in Mound of Glory, inside which capsules with earth from 70 mass graves are laid. A sculptural composition of two soldiers rises on an 18-meter pedestal, and next to it are 6 steles with statues of the fallen Heroes of the Soviet Union: Ivan Orel, Nikolai Kolodko, Alexander Chernysh, Mikhail Seleznev, Ivan Maslovsky and Nikolai Izyumov. In our time, the memorial was supplemented Gate of Glory and 13 memorial plaques in honor of the Heroes of the Soviet Union who died during the liberation of the region.

Mogilev region, Bobruisk district, village Sychkovo

Memorial complex "Victory Square" in Vitebsk

Memorial in honor of Soviet soldiers and partisans of the Vitebsk region, called by the townspeople "Three bayonets" located on the banks of the river Dvina in the heart of the city. Each of the three 56-meter bayonet obelisks is crowned with a cast relief - "Warriors", "Underground", "Partisans". The eternal flame, lit on the podium star, illuminates the inscription of the unifying inner ring of the monument - "Glory to the Heroes". In addition to the main memorial, the complex includes 2 large pools with fountains, 10 pylons and sculptural compositions depicting Soviet soldiers and civilians. In the Park of the Winners there is also Alley of military glory and exposition of military equipment of the Great Patriotic War.

Vitebsk

On the banks of the Dnieper, a monument rises - a combat vehicle of rocket artillery BM-13, which the Soviet soldiers called "Katyusha". Its device and the stunning effect of a fiery whirlwind remained a secret for the Germans for many years. And it is in Orsha July 14, 1941 sounded first combat volleys "Katyusha": experimental battery of seven vehicles under the command of Captain I. Flerov struck at the enemy echelons at the railway station and positions at the river crossing. The memorial combines 6 "mortar launchers" made of concrete soaring skyward, and in the center on a pedestal is installed an exact copy of "Katyusha" model 1941. At the entrance to the complex there is a black cube with a commemorative inscription about the first blow of the famous weapon.

Vitebsk region, Orsha, st. Mogilevskaya

Memorial complex "Curse to fascism"

"Damn Fascism" dedicated to the tragedy of the Dokshitsy region, where in the years Great Patriotic War more than 20 thousand people died, and 97 villages were wiped off the face of the Earth. In the memorial complex "Khatyn" at the cemetery of 186 villages burned together with the inhabitants, one of the "graves" belongs to Shunevka. For 66 of its inhabitants, the last day came on May 22, 1943: all adults were punished burned alive in a barn, and defenseless children were thrown to die in a well. The memory of the cruelly taken young lives has become "well block", inside of which is a "broken" kite made of bronze with engraved children's names. In the center of the memorial are high "Gate of Sorrow", where the mother woman desperately raises her hands to the sky. Above it are three bells, one of which is split and does not ring as a symbol of eternal memory of the dead. On the land where houses once stood, now there are only 22 foundations with steps and a "frozen flame" that stores the names of the owners ...

Vitebsk region, Dokshitsy district, village Shunevka

Memorial complex "Breakthrough"

The impressive complex was created on the site of the fascist blockade by partisans of the Polotsk-Lepel zone - one of the largest in occupied Belarus. Real partisan republic with a center in Ushachi existed since the autumn of 1942, and in the spring of 1944 the Germans threw 60 thousand punishers, aviation, tanks, artillery against 17 thousand partisans. And yet, on the tragic night of May 4-5, the partisans defeated the enemy, taking 16 thousand civilians out of the encirclement ... Hundreds of soldiers were buried in the mass grave of the Breakthrough, even more names were immortalized on the plates. Memorial opens bronze card defense, and then arrow road passes between huge boulders, indicating the direction of the main attack, where a fearless warrior "runs" with a machine gun in his hands. Nearby are 16 oaks as a symbol of the steadfastness of 16 partisan brigades. The memorial complex also includes a "partisan village" - a series of dugouts with wartime utensils - and an exposition of army equipment.

Vitebsk region, Ushachsky district, village Paperino

Memorial complex "Mound of Glory" in Gomel

Gomel "Mound of Glory" created in 1967 in honor of the feat of soldiers and partisans who died on the fronts Great Patriotic War. At the foot of the memorial laid capsules with earth from more than 200 places in Belarus, Russia and Ukraine, where the largest military battles took place, including from the famous hero cities: Moscow, Kyiv, Leningrad, Odessa and the main citadel of Belarus -. In 2013, during a major reconstruction to 70th anniversary of the liberation of Gomel appeared at the Mound of Glory Eternal flame. In year centenary of the October Revolution the message to the descendants, placed in the "Kurgan" during its construction, was opened and a new one was laid - so that 50 years later, in 2067, his successors would read it.

Gomel

Memorial complex dedicated to the operation "Bagration"

To 70th anniversary of the liberation of Belarus from Nazi invaders in the Svetlogorsk district was founded the world's first memorial complex dedicated to one of the greatest military operations in the history of mankind. It was here, near the village of Rakovichi on the 71st kilometer of the highway Bobruisk - Mozyr, June 23, 1944 a large-scale offensive of the Soviet troops began, which lasted more than two months. As a result of the operation, code-named after the hero Patriotic War of 1812 commander Peter Bagration, were released Belarus, partly territory Baltics and Poland, and most importantly, a crushing blow was dealt to the German Army Group Center, which finally weakened Germany. ... The first object of the complex was a 7-meter one, which ensured the success of the operation ...

The memorial complex also includes a dugout-like museum dedicated to the Bagration operation, a chapel with a memorial book, an exposition of military equipment and weapons.

Gomel region, Svetlogorsk district, Rakovichi village

Memorial complex "Loev"

Memorial complex in Loev dedicated to the heroes of one of the largest battles Great Patriotic War- Operations in October 1943. Back in 1966, an 18-meter obelisk was erected in the center of the urban village - a reduced copy of the Victory Monument in Minsk. After to 70th anniversary of the Great Victory the entire central square turned into a memorial ensemble. At the open exhibition area Museum of the Battle for the Dnieper on both sides of Walk of Fame samples of military equipment participating in the battle were established. Hundreds of names are immortalized on memorial plates. For incredible courage in the battles on the Loevsky bridgehead 323 warriors were awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union- a unique fact in the history of the Great Patriotic War.

Gomel region, settlement Loev

Memorial complex "Memory"

Dobrush, whose inhabitants, together with the soldiers of the Red Army, bravely defended the city, was liberated from the occupation of the Nazi invaders on October 10, 1943. On the site of a mass grave on the banks of the river Iput in 2005 was erected memorial complex "Memory", where the names of 700 fighters who gave their lives during the defense of the city are immortalized.

Gomel region, Dobrush

Memorial ensemble in honor of the soldiers of the Belarusian border district

Memorial erected in 2004 in the central part Grodno, dedicated to the Soviet soldiers who heroically defended borders of the country from the very first days Great Patriotic War. On the background border posts- symbols of 15 union republics - rises a bronze sculpture of three warriors, which, reliably closing the border with their bodies and clutching weapons in their hands, pass through the fiery walls of defense. The leitmotif of the composition was the inscription - "To the dead, but not defeated soldiers-border guards of the Belarusian border district." Ensemble complement granite slabs, symbolizing the mass graves of those courageous soldiers who June 21, 1941 were the first to engage the enemy.

Grodno

Memorial complex "Shaulichi"

Memorial "Shaulichi"- Another of the largest monuments in Belarus, dedicated to the tragedy of the "fire villages", wiped off the face of the Earth in the years. During the punitive operation in the morning July 7, 1943 the Germans shot here 366 people, including 120 children, and burned 77 houses. After this massacre Shaulichi village, who is called the "younger sister", was not revived, and the memory of the tragedy was immortalized in the memorial complex. An obelisk, a sculptural composition appeared near the mass graves of the killed civilians "Warrior and Underdog", two mournful crosses ... During the course of time, 40 wooden symbolic log cabins, granite slabs and commemorative plaques with the names of the dead were installed on the site of the burned houses. In the heart of the memorial, with a sad ringing, it reminds of hundreds of ruined lives ...

Grodno region, Volkovysk district

Memorials at the sites of death camps and ghettos

Created by the Nazis bloody camp "Trostenets" became the largest on the territory of the Soviet Union and fourth in Europe after the infamous Auschwitz, Majdanek and Treblinka. According to official data, "factory of death" around Minsk 206.5 thousand people died, but there is evidence that there were many more victims. "Trostenets" united several places of cruel massacre: a labor concentration camp near the village Small Trostenets, tract Blagovshchina, where mass executions were carried out, the tract Shashkovka, where the bodies of the dead were burned in a huge "pit-furnace" ... There was a grandiose one on the territory of the former death camp - a symbol of national and universal memory of the victims of Nazism.

In "Trostenets" the Nazis destroyed civilians and prisoners of war, prisoners of the Minsk ghetto, members of the underground and partisans, Jews taken out of Poland, Austria, Germany, Czechoslovakia and other European states ...

Minsk

Memorial "Pit", dedicated to the victims of the Holocaust

Memorial "Pit" in Minsk- a tragic reminder of the inhumanity of the Nazis, a symbol of eternal pain and sorrow. During the Great Patriotic War, in the occupied Belarusian capital, it was created to exterminate the Jews: by the end of October 1943, they exterminated here more than 100 thousand human. Among the numerous murders and pogroms, the bloody massacre on March 2, 1942, when the Nazis shot more than 5 thousand Jews, including 200 orphans from an orphanage along with teachers and medical staff, went down in history ... Thousands of bodies of people killed in Minsk ghetto, dumped into a pit where an impressive memorial now stands. In its center is a memorial black marble obelisk, installed back in 1947, and a staircase-composition leads to a manually paved deep pit "Last way": 27 bronze figures, like faceless shadows, descend to be slain...

Near the Pit, an alley of the Righteous Among the Nations was planted, where the names of Belarusians are immortalized, who, under pain of death, saved people of Jewish nationality. In total, during the war years, over 100 ghettos existed on the territory of Belarus, where Jews from Germany, Poland, Austria and other countries were brought for liquidation ...

G. Minsk, st. Melnikaite

Gomel region, Zhlobin district, Krasny Bereg village

Memorial complex "Ozarichi"

... The cruel one lasted only two weeks, but during this time the Nazis managed to exterminate at least 20 thousand people. In March 1944, it was created by order Hitler around the village Ozarichi on the Polissya not only to torture the prisoners, but also to weaken the advancing Red Army. Here - in the edge of the swamps- brought patients with typhus and other infections that could quickly spread among local residents and Soviet soldiers. Within the territory of Ozarich death zone, uniting several places, there were no buildings: women, children and the elderly were kept in the open, and the approaches to the camp were mined. From this horror liberators rescued over 30 thousand prisoners, of which more than half are children. In 1965, a memorial was created, uniting three white steles - symbol of the Ozarich camps- on which prisoners are depicted and names are carved.

Opened in 2004 Museum of memory of the victims of the Ozarich death zone, which contains unique materials: memories and recordings of eyewitnesses, documents, photographs, correspondence with former prisoners and liberators ...

Gomel region, Kalinkovichi district

Memorial complex "Lupolovsky camp of prisoners of war"

In August 1941, on the outskirts on the outskirts of Lupolovo, the Nazis created camp for Soviet prisoners of war. Prisoners were starved, interrogated and brutally tortured: up to 250 people died daily behind barbed wire through which electric current was passed. In total, about 80 thousand prisoners of war died in the camp, and only the names of 389 of them are known. One of the prisoners was General Mikhail Romanov- Commander of the famous 172nd Rifle Division, which heroically defended the city in July 1941. In memory of those who died on the site of the death camp in 1948, the first monument appeared, and in 1984, in honor of the 40th anniversary of the liberation of Mogilev, it was opened memorial Complex.

On the site of the Lupolovsky concentration camp is also mass grave soldiers of the 238th and 369th rifle divisions of the 2nd Belorussian Front, who participated in liberation of Mogilev in June 1944.

Mogilev

military museums

Halls and exhibitions dedicated to Great Patriotic War, are open in all local history museums of Belarus. Priceless rarities, military chronicles cities and villages, the tragedies of broken lives, stories about the heroism of people who contributed to the long-awaited Victory - every region of the country keeps the memory of those terrible years ...

Rare exhibits are also found in school museums, where for decades post-war generations have been collecting evidence of hard times, memories of soldiers, partisans and underground fighters, prisoners of camps and civilians ...

Traveling around Belarus, you can not only visit numerous local expositions, but also see truly unique military collections.

The main repository of rarities - first in the world, which was founded in Minsk. To 70th anniversary of the liberation of Belarus from the Nazi invaders, the museum opened in, became an interactive historical complex. Today the Belarusian museum is also one of the largest collections in the world dedicated to events Second World War.

Also large-scale military collections of Belarus present:

Vitebsk Regional Museum Hero of the Soviet Union Minai Shmyrev;

Museum of the Battle for the Dnieper in Loev.

13:11 — REGNUM 75 years ago, on June 22, 1941, the Great Patriotic War began. Victory in it became the greatest test and the greatest pride for Russia. The memory of fallen soldiers, home front workers and civilians is immortalized in numerous memorials throughout the country. Each of these memorials can be visited, laid flowers and remembered those who died in the Great Patriotic War.

1. Monument-ensemble "Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad", Mamaev Kurgan, Volgograd. The most famous memorial dedicated to the Great Patriotic War is majestic and symbolic. It was built for 8.5 years: from 1959 to 1967. The chief architect is Evgeny Vuchetich.

200 steps lead from the foot to the top of the mound. This number was not chosen by chance: it was how many days the Battle of Stalingrad lasted, which put an end to the offensive of the Nazi troops.

2. Museum-reserve "Prokhorovskoye field", Belgorod region, Prokhorovka settlement. On July 12, 1943, the vicinity of the Prokhorovka railway station became the site of the largest tank battle in history.

More than 1,500 tanks of the Red Army and the fascist invaders fought in the battle. This battle turned the tide of the Battle of Kursk and the war as a whole.

3. Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Moscow. The memorial was opened in May 1967 after the burial of the ashes of an unknown soldier who died in the battle for Moscow near the Kremlin wall.

The remains were transferred from the mass grave to 41 km of the Leningrad highway. The eternal flame of glory was brought in 1967 from the Champ de Mars. At the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, the fire was lit by Leonid Brezhnev, Secretary General of the CPSU Central Committee, having received a torch from the hands of the legendary pilot Alexei Maresyev.

4. Krivtsov Memorial, Oryol Region. At the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, a stronghold of a group of fascist troops was located in the region. In 1942, the Bolkhov operation was carried out, with the bloodiest battle in the Krivtsovo-Chagodaevo-Gorodishche area.

After the offensive, the Soviet troops were able to advance 20 km, but then they stopped. This did not allow the enemy to transfer forces to the Battle of Stalingrad. During the Bolkhov operation, more than 21 thousand soldiers and officers were killed, and more than 47 thousand were injured.

5. Murmansk "Alyosha"- Monument to the Defenders of the Soviet Arctic during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. It was founded in 1969 on the Zeleny Mys hill, where anti-aircraft batteries were located, which defended the city from air raids.

The Murmansk region is the only region where the enemy did not pass more than 30 km from the state border. And the most fierce fighting took place on the right bank of the Western Litsa River, later renamed the Valley of Glory. Alyosha's gaze is directed precisely there.

6. Rear - front, Magnitogorsk. This is the first part of a triptych of monuments, including "The Motherland Calls" in Volgograd and "Warrior-Liberator" in Berlin.

7. Monument to the Sailor and the Soldier, Sevastopol. A 40-meter monument with a difficult fate. The decision to build a memorial complex at Cape Khrustalny was made back in the 70s of the last century, but construction began only decades later.

Construction proceeded slowly, then it was mothballed, as the project was recognized as unsuccessful, and in the late 80s the possibility of dismantling the monument was seriously discussed. Subsequently, the supporters of the monument won, and money was allocated for the restoration, but it was not possible to complete the initially approved project. Now the monument to the Soldier and the Sailor is a must-visit place for tourist groups, although there are many of its critics among the locals.

8. Poklonnaya Hill, Moscow city. For the first time in 1942, on the site of a hill between the Setun and Filka rivers, it was proposed to erect a monument to the national feat of 1812. However, in the difficult conditions of the Great Patriotic War, it was not possible to implement the project.

Victory Park on Poklonnaya Hill

Subsequently, a sign was installed on Poklonnaya Hill promising that a monument to the Victory would appear on this site. A park was laid out around it, which also received a similar name. The construction of the memorial began in 1984, and was completed only 11 years later: the complex was inaugurated on May 9, 1995, on the 50th anniversary of the war.

9. Piskarevsky Memorial Cemetery, St. Petersburg. This is the largest burial place for the victims of the Second World War, in 186 mass graves about 420 thousand residents of besieged Leningrad who died of hunger, cold and disease, 70 thousand soldiers who fought heroically for the northern capital were buried.

The grand opening of the memorial took place on May 9, 1960. The dominant feature of the ensemble is the monument "Motherland" with a granite stele on which Olga Bergholz's epitaph with the famous line "No one is forgotten and nothing is forgotten" is engraved. The poetess wrote this poem specifically for the opening of the Piskarevsky memorial.

10. Cranes, Saratov. Yuri Menyakin, the creator of the memorial complex in memory of the Saratov people who died in the war, was inspired by the song "Cranes" to the verses of Rasul Gamzatov.

Therefore, the main theme of the monument was bright memory and bright sadness. A wedge of 12 silvery cranes flying west symbolizes the souls of fallen soldiers.

An overview of outstanding memorials dedicated to the Great Patriotic War is provided by the Federal Tourism Agency.