>Compositions based on Woe from Wit

Chatsky - winner or loser?

After reading the tragedy of Alexander Sergeevich Griboedov "Woe from Wit", it is difficult to say who the main character Chatsky turned out to be: the winner or the loser. There are two main lines in this work: love and political.

Chatsky rushes to his beloved. He is happy, glad to see her, sure of reciprocity. At first, she does not even realize that Sophia loves another. When meeting, he jokes, and recalling mutual acquaintances, speaks sharply about Molchalin. Sophia is holding a grudge. Chatsky does not notice Sophia's coldness, but at the end of the work, when he witnesses the conversation between Lisa, Molchalin and Sophia, he realizes that she rejected him. He is hurt by the fact that Sophia preferred Molchalin to him - a small, greedy type, and that he sincerely loved her, and she betrayed his feelings and spread the rumor about his madness. Alexander Andreevich was defeated, which means he was defeated in this love triangle. Although Sophia and Molchalin also did not achieve their goals. Turns out there are no winners.

The Famus society is a conservative nobility. They live according to their old, established laws. The main thing in life for them is wealth, fame, awards and honors. All of them support serfdom, do not understand the doctrine. Careerists, opportunists, are ready for meanness and humiliation to achieve their goals. Chatsky returns to Moscow full of new ideas. He wants to change the world, to introduce something new, but the Famus society does not want to change. No one even listens to his words and statements. They are doing so well. They are accustomed to this way of life. If Chatsky had found support for his ideas and principles among these people, then no one would have thought that he had lost his mind, and so everyone quickly picks up gossip about his madness. Chatsky believes that it is necessary to serve the cause, to benefit the Motherland, and Famusov, Skalozub and Molchalin serve only for their well-being. Chatsky spent only one day in Moscow, in this society, and realized that he did not belong here. He could not resist these stupid and self-confident personalities. And he failed again.

Summing up, we see that Alexander Andreevich Chatsky remained defeated, but he is also the winner. He is a fighter for equality, for individual freedom. Chatsky alone tried to change reality. He won a moral victory, remained true to his convictions, was not worthy of the Famus society and left Moscow to find the same honest and decent like-minded people.

In comedy A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit" we met many heroes, one of whom was Alexander Andreevich Chatsky.

Alexander Andreevich Chatsky is a very good person, in my opinion. He was well brought up. His behavior and his words emphasized some grace, subtlety and superiority. Chatsky, unlike Famusov, is smart and full of knowledge. Also, Alexander Andreevich always wanted to do something for the benefit of society and honestly serve the Fatherland. And this once again emphasizes his nobility and superiority.

Chatsky has always been worthy of the best. And when he fell in love with Sophia, he, like all young people in love, believed that Sophia loved him as passionately as he loved her. But it wasn't. When Chatsky, having arrived, meets Sophia, he begins to remember the wonderful past, not knowing that Sophia is no longer the same as she used to be. Alexander recalls their childhood spent together:

Where is the time? where is that innocent age,
When it used to be a long evening
You and I will appear, disappear here and there,
We play and make noise on chairs and tables.
And here is yours, father and madam, behind the picket;
We are in a dark corner, and it seems that in this!
Do you remember? shudder that the table creaks, the door ...

But Sophia is not touched by this past at all, she considers the time spent with him just childish. The enamored Chatsky does not understand this. He is still simple and naive in his blind love. But still, no matter how attached Chatsky was to Sophia, it took him only one day for the “veil to fall off” from his eyes. He learns that Sofia is already absolutely indifferent. It happens like this: Chatsky offers Sofia his help at any moment, in any trouble, but she refuses him and says: “What do you need me for?” By this, she emphasizes that she simply does not need him. Alexander finally understands this and decides to leave Moscow so as not to see all the vile and hypocritical things that are happening in the Famusovs' house and, in particular, with Sofia.

Chatsky did the right thing, that he did not close his eyes again to all the whims and whims of Sofia. He once and for all let her know that there are girls in the world nobler and better than her. Chatsky left as a winner, not allowing himself to be deceived further.

In fact, who is Chatsky: the winner or the loser in this endless game of pretense, envy, ranks and noisy balls of that hour of Moscow:

Where, show us, fathers of the fatherland,
Which should we take as samples?
Are not these rich in robbery?
They found protection from court in friends, in kinship,
Magnificent building chambers,
Where they overflow in feasts and extravagance,
And where foreign clients will not resurrect
The meanest traits of the past life.
Yes, and who in Moscow did not clamp their mouths
Lunches, dinners and dances?

Such was Moscow of that time, such was that society, and Chatsky emerged victorious from this stupid game, composed of deceit and servility. He is the winner because he did not want to become like Molchalin, who did nothing but suck up to high people, for which he received all sorts of awards and gifts. Chatsky did not want to become like Famusov, who was indifferent to everything except money and being respected. Chatsky lived not by rank and not by money, but by mind and heart. He sincerely loved Sophia, who was once interesting and sociable, but in the three years of his absence turned into one of the puppets of the Famusov theater, which was controlled by money and boundless envy and at the same time flattery and respect, so incomparable:

And he answered: “No wonder, Liza, I’m crying:
Who knows what I will find when I turn back?
And how much, perhaps, I will lose!
The poor thing seemed to know that in three years ...

The winner is Chatsky, perhaps also because he knew how to relate to everything with a laugh. He was amused by everything, and he perceived everything as a temporary phenomenon. Chatsky was an optimist and sincerely did not believe that the Famusovs would rule the world, but his only hope remained hope. Chatsky is not understood or does not want to be understood. If he found support among people, maybe they would not consider him crazy. But still it happened. Why? Because of the truth! That open and clear, like day, which was closed from the eyes of other people by clouds of lies and envy. This was Chatsky's main victory. In the truth, which he knew how to see and understand, but he was alone and therefore had to leave. Even if they did not understand him and slandered him, Chatsky remained himself and became the winner in this game called Life:

Insane you glorified me with all the chorus.
You are right: he will come out of the fire unharmed,
Who will have time to spend the day with you,
Breathe the air alone
And his mind will survive.
Get out of Moscow! I don't come here anymore.
I'm running, I won't look back, I'll go looking around the world,
Where there is a corner for the offended feeling! ..
Carriage for me, carriage!

The comedy "Woe from Wit" was written in 1824. In this work, A. S. Griboedov recreated a true picture of Russian life in the first quarter of the 19th century: he showed the changes that had taken place in Russian society after the Patriotic War of 1812, reflected the anti-serfdom ...

The idea of ​​"Woe from Wit", apparently, came from Griboedov in 1816. Begichev points out that "the plan for this comedy was made by him back in St. Petersburg in 1816, and several scenes were even written; but I don’t know, in Persia or in Georgia, Griboyedov changed a lot ...

What revolts Chatsky in the episode with the "Frenchman from Bordeaux"? Before answering this question, I would like to briefly return to past events and see how the action of the comedy developed before this angry and accusatory speech by Chatsky. So,...

After the foreign campaigns of the Russian army in 1812-1813, the ideas of Western liberalism began to penetrate and take root in Russia. They were infected with a large and better part of high society. As a result, there was a noticeable polarization of views, and around ...

The conflict of Griboedov's play "Woe from Wit" is a unity of two principles: public and personal. Being an honest, noble, progressive-minded, freedom-loving man, the main character Chatsky opposes the Famus society. His drama is aggravated by a feeling of ardent but unrequited love for Famusov's daughter Sofya.

Even before Chatsky appears on the stage, we learn from Lisa that he is "sensitive, and cheerful, and sharp." Chatsky is excited by the meeting with Sophia, discouraged by her cold reception, trying to find in her the understanding that, apparently, was before. Between Chatsky and Sophia, to some extent, the same thing happens as between Sophia and Silent: he does not love the Sophia that he saw on the day of his arrival, but the one that he invented. Therefore, the emergence of psychological conflict is inevitable. Chatsky does not make an attempt to understand Sophia, it is difficult for him to understand why Sophia does not love him, because his love for her speeds up “every heartbeat”, although “the whole world seemed to him dust and vanity.” Chatsky turns out to be too straightforward, not allowing the thought that Sophia can fall in love with Molchalin, that love does not obey reason. Involuntarily, he puts pressure on Sophia, causing her dislike. Chatsky's blindness with passion can justify him: his "mind and heart are not in harmony."

The psychological conflict turns into a social conflict. Chatsky, excited by the meeting with Sophia, discouraged by her cold reception, begins to talk about what is close to his soul. He expresses views that are directly opposite to the views of the Famus society. Chatsky condemns the inhumanity of serfdom, recalling "Nestor noble scoundrels", who exchanged his faithful servants for three greyhounds; he is disgusted by the lack of freedom of thought in a noble society:

And who in Moscow did not shut their mouths Lunches, dinners and dances?

He does not recognize servility and sycophancy:

Who needs: for those arrogance, they lie in the dust, And for those who are higher, flattery, like lace, was woven.

Chatsky is full of sincere patriotism:

Will we ever be resurrected from the foreign power of fashion?

So that our smart, cheerful people

Although the language did not consider us Germans.

He strives to serve the “cause”, and not individuals, he “would be glad to serve, it’s sickening to serve.”

Society is offended and, defending itself, declares Chatsky crazy. It is characteristic that it was Sophia who laid the foundation for this rumor. Chatsky is trying to open her eyes to Molchalin, Sophia is afraid of the truth:

Oh! This person is always

Cause me a terrible disorder!

In a conversation with Mr. N, she declares: "He is out of his mind." It’s easier for her, it’s more pleasant for her to explain Chatsky’s causticity with the madness of love, about which he himself told her. Her involuntary betrayal becomes a deliberate revenge:

Ah, Chatsky! Do you like to dress up everyone in jesters, Would you like to try on yourself?

Society unanimously comes to the conclusion: "crazy in everything ..." Chatsky the crazy is not afraid of society. Chatsky decides to "search around the world where the offended feeling has a corner."

look around the world, where the offended feeling has a corner. I. A. Goncharov evaluates the finale of the play: “Chatsky is broken by the quantity of the old force, inflicting a mortal blow on it with the quality of the new force.” Chatsky does not give up his ideals, he only frees himself from illusions. Chatsky's stay in Famusov's house shook the inviolability of his foundations. Sophia says: “I am ashamed of myself!”

I.A. Goncharov wrote about the protagonist of the comedy Woe from Wit: “Chatsky is broken by the amount of old power. He dealt her, in turn, a mortal blow with the quality of fresh strength. Chatsky is a winner, an advanced warrior, a skirmisher and always a victim. In the words of Goncharov, there is a certain contradiction that needs to be resolved. So who is Chatsky: winner or loser?

The comedy "Woe from Wit" presents a complex historical process of replacing the old views of the landowners-feudal lords with new progressive ideas for organizing society. This process cannot happen overnight. It takes time and a lot of effort and sacrifice on the part of representatives of a new type of thinking.

The play presents the struggle of the conservative nobility, the "past century", with the "present century" - Chatsky, who has an extraordinary mind and desire to act for the good of his Fatherland. The old Moscow nobles are defending their personal well-being and personal comfort in this struggle. Chatsky, on the other hand, seeks to develop the country by increasing the value of the individual in society, the development of sciences and education, deeply despising and leaving servility and careerism in the background.

Already in the title of the comedy, Griboyedov points out that the mind, in its broadest sense, will not bring happiness to the main character of the comedy. His accusatory speeches are not liked by both the world, because they threaten his usual way of life, and his beloved Sophia, because they threaten her personal happiness.

In love, Chatsky is definitely defeated. Sophia preferred Chatsky, who is "sensitive, and cheerful, and sharp," Molchalin, who differs only in his modesty and helpfulness. And the ability to "serve" is very important in the world. And Famusov admires this quality, citing as an example his uncle Maxim Petrovich, who was not afraid to expose himself to ridicule in order to please the empress. For Chatsky, this is a humiliation. He says that "I would be glad to serve - it's sickening to serve." And this unwillingness to please the noble society leads to the fact that the hero is expelled from it.

A love conflict gives rise to Chatsky's conflict with the Famus Society, with which, as it turned out, he disagrees on all fundamental issues. The whole comedy is Chatsky's verbal struggle with the Moscow nobility. The hero is opposed to the numerous camp of the "gone century". Chatsky, alone, fearlessly opposes him. The main character of the comedy is disgusted that Famusov considers teaching a “plague”, that Skalozub received the rank of colonel not with the help of personal merits, but with the help of connections, that Molchalin is trying in every possible way to please Famusov and his guests, humiliating himself in front of them only because he does not have much weight in this society, that no one is ready to sacrifice personal gain for the good of the Fatherland.

Representatives of the Famus society do not want to allow their ideals to be debunked. They do not know how to live differently and are not ready. Therefore, defending itself, the world quickly spreads gossip that Chatsky is "out of his mind." By declaring Chatsky crazy, society makes his words safe. The hero leaves Moscow, which dispelled "all the smoke and smoke" of his hopes. It seems that Chatsky is leaving defeated.

However, it is impossible to answer unambiguously the question of who Chatsky is - the winner or the loser - in the comedy "Woe from Wit". He didn't win just because he was outnumbered. But he remained true to his views, and his words, like seeds, will soon sprout. Like-minded people will gather around him. By the way, they are mentioned in the play. For example, Skalozub's cousin, who, leaving a successful career, went to the countryside, where he began to lead a quiet life and read a lot. People who are indifferent to ranks and money, who put their mind and heart above all else, will ultimately win over the Famus society.

Chatsky leaves, not knowing that he is the winner. History will show this later. This hero is forced to suffer, to grieve, but his words will not go unheard. The struggle between the old and the new cannot last forever. Sooner or later it will end with the collapse of outdated views. That is why, as Goncharov writes, in this comedy Chatsky refutes the well-known proverb "one man is not a warrior." If he is Chatsky, then he is a warrior, "and, moreover, a winner."

The above reasoning about the image of Chatsky the winner and the vanquished will be useful to 9 classes while searching for materials on the topic of the essay “Who is Chatsky: the winner or the vanquished?”

Artwork test

The ideological and moral victory of Chatsky in AS Griboedov's comedy "Woe from Wit".

The comedy "Woe from Wit" holds itself somewhat apart in literature and is distinguished by a stronger vitality from other works of the word.

The main role in the comedy “Woe from Wit”, of course, is the role of Chatsky, without which there would be no comedy, but, perhaps, there would be a picture of morals.

One would think that Griboyedov, out of paternal love for his hero, flattered him in the title, as if warning the reader that his hero is smart, and all the others around him are stupid. But Chatsky is not only smarter than all other people, but also positively smart. His speech is full of wit. He has a heart, and besides, he is impeccably honest. However, many are perplexed about Chatsky: what is he?

Famusov says about Chatsky: "He writes and translates nicely." He, of course, did not travel without reason, studied, read, was in contact with the ministers, and got divorced - it is not difficult to guess why.

“I would be glad to serve - it’s sickening to serve!” he hints.

He loves seriously, seeing Sophia as a future wife.

Chatsky, and this is his mistake and tragedy, at first does not perceive Molchalin, does not see him as a worthy opponent. For Chatsky, Molchalin is a complete nonentity, "the most miserable creature." A.S. Pushkin wrote: “Among the masterful features of this charming comedy, Chatsky's incredulity in Sophia's love for Molchalin is charming! - and how natural! It was on him that the whole comedy was supposed to revolve ... ”

Griboedov's character traits and worldview were deeply reflected in the comedy Woe from Wit, primarily in the image of Chatsky. In this image, Griboedov first showed the “new man”. This is the image of a brave and implacable fighter for the cause, for the idea, for the truth.

Sad was the fate of such a lonely fighter as Chatsky is depicted, he is opposed to the world of the Famusovs, Skalozubs, Molchalins and Zagoretskys, with their petty goals and low aspirations.

Griboedov's comedy speaks of a person's grief, and this grief comes from his mind. The idea of ​​a person not just smart, but free-thinking was then associated with the concept of “smart”, “wise guy”. It is the mind of Chatsky in this broad and special sense that puts him outside the Famusovs, Molchalins, Skalozubs, Zagoretskys. The deepest meaning of Griboedov's comedy lies in the fact that it shows how, in the conditions of a serf society, every independent thought, every living passion, every sincere feeling is doomed to persecution.

So who is Chatsky anyway? I believe that despite his position, despite his forced flight from Moscow, ideologically and morally, Chatsky remains the winner. This is confirmed by the words of I. A. Goncharov: “Chatsky is broken by the amount of the old force. He dealt her, in turn, a mortal blow with the quality of his strength. Chatsky is a winner, an advanced warrior, a skirmisher and always a victim.”