OGE: arguments for the essay “What is fortitude? Essay on the topic: Strength of spirit Strength of spirit is a strong person 15.3.

15.3 How do you understand the meaning of the phrase “strength of spirit”? Formulate and comment on the definition you have given. Write an essay-argument on the topic “What is the POWER OF SPIRIT.”

Arguing your thesis, give 2 (two) example arguments, confirming your reasoning: give one example argument from the text read, and second - from your life experience.

The length of the essay should be at least 70 words. If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points. Write an essay neat, legible handwriting.

TEXT

(1)Spring 1942
two girls, Nyura and Raya, walked slowly along the streets of Leningrad
Ivanovs. (2) For the first time after the long blockade winter, they set off on foot with
Petrograd side on Nevsky Prospekt, to the Palace of Pioneers. (3) They walked around
overturned trams, hiding from explosions in gateways, making their way through piles of
ruins on the sidewalks. (4) The third girl was buried by her mother, who had died of hunger, and
We were left alone in a smoky apartment with icy walls. (5) To keep warm,
They burned furniture, clothes, books. (6) The weakened Nyura, a soloist before the war
famous ensemble, led by Isaac Osipovich Dunaevsky, on a sled
The girls, soldiers of the air defense detachment, were taken to the orphanage.
(7) Raya Ivanova entered a vocational school. (8) At the end of the first blockade
In the winter they were found by the head of the studio R.A. Varshavskaya. (9)Like others
workers of the Palace of Pioneers, she, only recently discharged from the hospital, walked along
saved addresses to find your pets. (10)Before the war Anichkov Palace
was a fairy-tale children's kingdom, and now he was again preparing to meet
children.

(11) From mouth to mouth
the seemingly incredible news was conveyed through the lips: “The Palace of Pioneers is waiting for us!”
(12) This news could not be learned either from newspapers or from radio messages.
(13) The Palace of Pioneers was marked on Hitler's maps as a military facility.
(14) How both the Hermitage and the Russian Museum were marked.

(15) From the area to
district, passed from house to house as a password: “Gather at the appointed hour...”, and
children moved along the streets of the besieged city - this is how the teachers’ feat began
and pupils of the Leningrad Palace of Pioneers.

(16) Children,
Of course, they were deeply shocked by the war. (17) They saw houses collapsing from
explosions, as people fall in hungry unconsciousness. (18) Vera Borodulina lost
father, Vitya Panfilov survived the death of seven relatives... (19) In every house there was
grief. (20) There were almost two more years of blockade ahead...

(21) And in May 1942
years, numerous clubs worked at the Palace of Pioneers: dance,
vocal, piano, needlework, drawing, artistic expression.
(22) Art helped children survive, but they did not yet know about its true power.

(23)Summer 1942
year, the boys were invited to a military cruiser for the first time. (24) They went on a freight
car, taking musical instruments and dance costumes. (25)On deck
the ship played Tchaikovsky's melodies Vitya Panfilov, Raya Ivanova danced, read
poems by Vera Borodulina. (26) On the cheeks of sailors who more than once looked death in the face,
tears flowed. (27) Having learned the price of courage, the sailors saw the strength of spirit of the Leningrad
schoolchildren. (28) The cruiser was preparing to go into battle, from which not everyone would return, and in
these guys had inspired hope itself. (29) Saying goodbye to the children, the team
built. (30) The guys began to present gifts that they had brought with them.
(31) Taking the cloth pouch from the girl’s hands, the foreman, who had two
military orders, said: “I accept the third award of the Motherland.” (32) The sailors knew the price
courage.
(According to L. Ovchinnikova)*

* L. Ovchinnikova
- modern Russian writer.

COMPOSITION

Strength of spirit is one of the main qualities that makes a person strong not physically, but morally. Strength of spirit consists of self-confidence, determination, perseverance, perseverance, inflexibility, and faith in the best. Strength of spirit makes a person find a way out of a difficult situation, look into the future with optimism, and overcome life's adversities. I will prove my words with specific examples.

Let us turn to the text by L. Ovchinnikova. Tremendous fortitude helped the heroines of this text survive the difficult, terrible days of the blockade during the war. How many misfortunes befell Nyura and Raya: the death of their mother, hunger, cold! But the girls did not lose heart, they found the strength not only to live, but also to engage in creativity with other children at the Palace of Pioneers, and to support the fighters going into battle with their performances. And the sailors saw the strength of spirit of Leningrad schoolchildren and felt inspired hope in them.

The legendary pilot, hero of “The Tale of a Real Man” by B. Polevoy, Alexey Meresyev, also has extraordinary fortitude. Due to severe wounds during the Great Patriotic War, both legs were amputated. But Meresyev did not lose heart. Thanks to regular training, overcoming pain, Meresyev was not only able to recover physically, but also returned to the sky. The fortitude of this man is truly admirable!

Thus, a person with fortitude will cope with any difficulties.(188 words)

Fortitude is an active determination to reach a goal, overcoming any obstacles. Every person would like to be strong, but not everyone succeeds. Examples of the strength (or weakness) of the spirit are found both in fiction and in the reality around us.

Arguments from literature

1. (56 words) In D.I. Fonvizin’s comedy “The Minor,” Starodum can serve as an example of fortitude. The hero meets a young officer who seems decent. However, war was soon declared, the protagonist’s friend evaded the defense of the Motherland and succeeded in the rear. Starodum went to the battlefield, was wounded and outflanked. But this incident did not break him and did not deprive him of faith in the triumph of truth.
2. (48 words) Erast, the hero of the story by N.M. Karamzin "Poor Liza", turned out to be a weak person, could not match the love of the peasant woman Liza. The young man, having seduced the girl and got his, squanders his fortune and decides to find himself a profitable match. Erast deceived Lisa and married someone else, and she drowned herself, so the hero’s powerlessness was punished by eternal pangs of conscience.
3. (54 words) Chatsky, hero of the comedy A.S. Griboyedov “Woe from Wit” is a truly strong man, he had the courage to go not only against one influential person, Famusov, but also against a crowd of his supporters. Chatsky preached truth, freedom, opposed veneration and lies. Everyone turned their backs on him, but Alexander still did not give up, isn’t this strength of spirit?
4. (59 words) In the novel in verse “Eugene Onegin” by A.S. Pushkin, the strength of the spirit is concentrated in Tatyana. Having fallen in love with Onegin, she was ready to do anything for him. The girl was not even afraid to confess, but this was unacceptable in the 19th century. The strength of spirit, the power of love overcame all obstacles, except one - the lack of reciprocal feelings. Tatyana remained unhappy, but she has a core and the truth is on her side.
5. (47 words) Mtsyri, the main character of the poem of the same name by M.Yu. Lermontov, yearned for his native Caucasus and freedom all his life. The hero had a goal: to live for real, at least for a moment, outside the monastery. And Mtsyri fled and tried to return to his native place. It didn’t work out for him, but this thirst for freedom reveals the strength of spirit in the hero.
6. (48 words) Pechorin, the main character of the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov’s “Hero of Our Time” is a strong-willed man. For example, when Grushnitsky started an unfair duel against him, Grigory was not afraid, but calmly brought the game to the end, punishing the scoundrel with death. This act is not at all merciful, but strong, because otherwise the hero himself would have died.
7. (52 words) The main character of the story M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin's "The Wise Minnow" is completely devoid of any spiritual strength, he was afraid of dangers all his life, and therefore did not live, but only existed in a hole without friends, love, simple joys. Because of his weakness, everything passed by the gudgeon, although his existence was long, but absolutely empty. Without strength of spirit there is no life.
8. (36 words) In the story by A.P. Chekhov's “Death of an Official”, the executor Chervyakov sneezed on General Bryzzhalov and was so frightened by the consequences of this accident that, in the end, he died of horror. Fear has deprived the hero of common sense, this is what weakness of spirit leads to.
9. (41 words) Andrei Sokolov, the main character of the story by M.A. Sholokhov’s “The Fate of Man” can be called a strong personality. He went to war because his homeland was in danger, he went through all its horrors, then captivity and a concentration camp. Sokolov is a real hero, although he himself never understood his strength.
10. (60 words) Vasily Terkin, the hero of the poem of the same name by A.T. Tvardovsky, fortitude is combined with humor and ease, as if it costs nothing for a fighter to do things that few modern people can repeat without fear and posturing. For example, the chapter “Duel” tells about the hero’s confrontation with a German: the enemy is fattened, better prepared, but Vasily won, and this victory occurred solely on moral and volitional qualities, because of fortitude.

Examples from life, cinema and media

1. (54 words) Plumber Dmitry, the hero of the film “Fool” by Yu. Bykov, tried to go against the system for the benefit of almost a thousand people who were simply abandoned. In the dormitory building, the hero noticed a huge crack, the house was about to collapse, people would die or be left on the street. He fights for strangers against the authorities, fights to the end. He died, the system still won, but the hero’s strength of character evokes respect.
2. (46 words) Chuck Noland, the main character of the film “Cast Away” by R. Zemeckis, found himself in an extreme situation: the plane on which the hero was traveling crashes, and he finds himself on a desert island. In such a situation, if you give up, you will die. Decisions need to be made here and now. Chuck harnessed his inner strength, survived and was able to rethink his life.
3. (44 words) The eccentric Captain Jack Sparrow from Gore Verbinski's Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End epitomizes unsinkability. This hero went to the next world and came back without batting an eyelid. And all because he never gives up, and this quality makes him a strong person.
4. (41 words) Nick Vujicic is a man of enormous fortitude. Nick has no arms or legs, but he was able to graduate with a double major, find love, travel, and give lectures that help other people. Such heroes motivate us to accomplish great things by their example.
5. (46 words) Peter Dinklage, known to many for his role as Tyrion Lannister from the Game of Thrones series, has overcome many obstacles. Dinklage was born with achondroplasia (a disease that leads to dwarfism), he has a poor family, and there was no success at the beginning of his career. Now this actor is extremely popular; problems have only strengthened his character.
6. (52 words) Stephen Hawking, a luminary of modern science, has been battling amyotrophic lateral sclerosis since the age of 20. Now this disease cannot be treated, the scientist is paralyzed, he even speaks only with the help of a speech synthesizer. However, Hawking does not give up: he continues his scientific work, inspires young scientists to new achievements, and even appears in the comedy series “The Big Bang Theory.”
7. (67 words) One of my friends was diagnosed with cancer. This was a young woman with a small child, and the disease was already in its final stages. The first thing she thought about was how to arrange the child in the best possible way. The second is how to live further. One could cry in anticipation of the end, but the woman began to help other patients, and also live life to the fullest, without delaying any meetings, travels, or acquaintances. You need to have a huge inner core to repeat her feat.
8. (47 words) A friend of mine underwent an operation that was not entirely successful. The body rejected the material that was sewn in during surgery, and inflammation began. She underwent several more operations, a huge number of injections, and a whole year of her life passed in the hospital ward. However, this year strengthened her character, taught her not to give up and be strong.
9. (62 words) As a child, an incident happened to me that forced me to be strong on pain of death. I was just learning to swim, but I accidentally found myself in a deep place where I couldn’t reach the bottom, I got scared and started to drown. It was quite far from the shore. Then I realized that if I didn’t calm down and be strong, I wouldn’t be able to save myself. And I swam as best I could, but I swam and survived.
10. (57 words) Once, when I was still very little, my mother looked out of the apartment and saw that there was smoke in the entrance, and it was impossible to go out, especially with a child. But through the window, my mother saw a fire truck, so we went out onto the balcony, and my mother began giving signals to the firefighters. They noticed us and pulled us out. Mom was not at a loss, she had to become strong for me.

Strength of mind is not only about going into battle with a saber drawn; it is often required in everyday life to deal with all problems and troubles. This quality must be cultivated in yourself; you cannot live without it, as the Kino group sang: “You must be strong, otherwise, why would you be?”

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Strength of mind -
This is one of the important qualities of a person, making him strong not physically, but morally. Strength of spirit helps to cope with various life difficulties. It manifests itself in perseverance and faith in a better future. I will prove my point with two examples.

Let's turn to the text C.T. Aitmatova. It tells about a woman, the mother of a little boy, who managed to cope with a difficult test of fate - the death of her husband in the war. In addition, she found the strength to continue life, raise her child and even show him what a hero his father was. This testifies to the extraordinary fortitude of the woman’s spirit.

Let us recall another work of art - “The Tale of a Real Man” by B. Polevoy, the main character of which is the pilot Alexei Meresyev. During the Great Patriotic War, his plane was shot down by the Nazis. Fortunately, Meresyev remained alive, but due to frostbite, both legs were amputated. However, despite difficult rehabilitation, he learned to walk on prosthetics, and subsequently took the helm again. This suggests that Meresyev has fortitude.

Thus, fortitude is the most important quality of a person, helping to overcome difficult life circumstances. (168 words)

Friendship– close relationships based on mutual trust, affection and common interests. Friends are people who can share your grief and success, and forgive you if you stumble.

An example of true friendship can be foundin the text by Rosa Gosman . Olga was able to forgive Lena and maintain friendship with her for many years. She did not go into open conflict to expose Lena and her betrayal. She relied on Lena's conscience, which realized that she had acted wrongly towards her friend. Lena's hypocrisy almost destroyed their friendship with Olga, but she understood everything in time, corrected herself and maintained her friendship with Olga.

The second example of true friendship can be found in the work A. Gaidar "Timur and his team". Zhenya’s father comes to Moscow for only three hours to see his daughters. But at this time Zhenya is at the dacha, she does not have time for the last train to Moscow. She believes that she will never see her father again. And then she meets Timur, to whom she tells everything. He, a thirteen-year-old boy, takes his uncle’s motorcycle without asking and takes Zhenya to Moscow. They barely have time to see Zhenya's father. But even for these few minutes spent in the company of her father, she is grateful to Timur. He supported her and helped her in a difficult situation, risking his uncle's trust and even his life, since it is quite unsafe to ride a motorcycle late at night. Zhenya and Timur are true friends who are ready to do anything for each other.

In conclusion, I would like to say that friendship is extremely necessary and important for a person. He needs real friends like food and air. The more friends a person has, the more confident he feels. After all, when you are surrounded by people on whom a person can rely, the calmer his life is.

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Human inner world is a spiritual life in which ideas and images are formed. His view of the real world depends on a person’s inner world. Our spiritual life is built on emotions, feelings and worldview. The inner world is our subconscious, what makes us special; these are our feelings and emotions, our vision of the world around us.

Man is not only a microparticle of the Cosmos, but also a huge, very complex and in many ways still mysterious world. Interior or spiritual human world- this is also a boundless space of a wide variety of sensations and feelings, emotions and moods, plans and ideas, concepts and images, fantasies and ideals, values ​​and theories.

There is nothing more tender and vulnerable than the human soul. And great is the merit of the writers who have comprehended this soul, helping each of us to look into our inner world and understand ourselves.

Thus, the inner world of every person is a mystery, and in order to comprehend it, you need to take a closer look at what and how he does, try to feel what he feels.

Precious books - these are books that develop a person’s imagination and imagination, give him new impressions, transport him to another world and lay the foundations of morality. Every child should have such books, because the acuity of perception in childhood is very great and early impressions can then influence the rest of their lives. I will prove my words with specific examples.

Let us turn to the text by A.A. Likhanov, whose hero, a little boy, discovered the world of books. Reading books captivated and fascinated him; the characters came to life in his imagination. The boy not only tried on different roles of positive characters, but also composed corrected stories. I am sure that all this will not pass without a trace: the books read will become a guiding star in the boy’s future life.

For me, precious books are also books from childhood, for example, fairy tales by H.H. Andersen. They taught me kindness, friendship, devotion. These works not only expanded my understanding of the world around me, but also largely determined my ideals.

Thus, the role of precious books in the life of every person is very great.(154 words)

Artis a creative reflection of reality in artistic images. True art not only decorates our lives, but also awakens strong feelings in a person, opens up a new world, and helps to overcome life’s difficulties.

It was art that helped the heroine of V.P. Astafiev’s text, Lina, regain interest in life during a difficult period. Sad events painted her existence in dark tones. But, once in the Planetarium, she heard Tchaikovsky’s melody, which became a real anthem of life for her. Music made the girl forget about what was depressing her and look at life with completely different eyes.

He spoke about the impact of art on people in his story "Basket with fir cones" and K. Paustovsky. When Dagny heard the music of the great composer, she discovered a new, stunningly bright, colorful, inspiring world. Feelings and emotions that were previously unfamiliar to her stirred her entire soul and opened her eyes to an as yet unknown beauty. This music showed the girl not only the greatness of the world around her, but also the value of human life.

Thus, real art is a great force that can inspire a person and lift his weakened spirit. (161 words)

Diffidence - this is a lack of faith in yourself, your strengths, capabilities and abilities. Insecure people have low self-esteem and suffer from an inferiority complex. This trait is very disruptive in life. It is necessary to fight it, overcome it. I will prove my words with convincing examples.

Let's turn to t extu V.I. Odnoralova . Boy Vovka is not confident in himself. Arriving in the village, he was afraid of the goat Sivka. This happened in front of the village children. Vovka understands that his uncertainty will interfere with gaining authority among the local boys. Therefore, at the first opportunity, he tries to overcome his uncertainty: alone he goes into an abandoned dark building, where, according to rumors, the devil himself lives. The boy managed not only to overcome his fear, but also to gain respect from his new friends.

The heroine of the story also overcomes her insecurities A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter" Masha Mironova. At the beginning of the work we see a very timid, fearful girl. She blushes while talking and faints when a cannon fires. But the trials she endured strengthen Masha’s character. At the end of the story, the heroine is unrecognizable: she bravely and decisively fights to save her lover.

Thus, people who are insecure must make every effort to get rid of this quality. (184 words)

Kindnessis a caring, warm attitude towards another person. As a rule, it manifests itself in good deeds, the purpose of which is to make people's lives easier or better.
In A. Likhanov’s story, Aunt Grunya showed kindness. She, on her own initiative, helped the sick and wounded in the hospital (sentence 2). When her duty ended, she spent time next to Alexei, trying to relieve his pain (sentence 6). I consider the main character of the story to be a very kind and sensitive woman.
Kindness has a place not only in war, but also in peacetime.
I recently learned the story of a nine-year-old boy from Dallas. He has a rare disease and will soon lose his sight. This boy made a list of places he would like to see. Having learned that the family did not have money to fulfill the dream of their blinding son, kind people came to the aid of the parents. For example, one of the pilots took a boy to Alaska for free, where he saw the northern lights.
I believe that kindness is a wonderful quality that makes all people better.

Choice- this is a conscious decision-making from a set of proposed options, this is a preference for one option over another. A person is constantly faced with a situation of choice; it is a vital necessity. It is especially important to make the right decision when choosing a future profession, because a person’s future life depends on it. Sometimes making such a choice is very difficult. I will prove the truth of my words with specific examples.

The hero of the text E.V. Grishkov Tsa talks about how he chose his future profession. The boy had three options: to become an engineer, like his mother, a doctor, like his uncle and brother, or a cultural worker. He saw pros and cons in every profession. At this stage of life, the hero has not been able to make up his mind, but we understand that sooner or later he cannot avoid making this important decision.

But A.V. Suvorov did not have to think long about choosing his future profession. Already in childhood, despite poor health and lack of support from his father, he decided to become a military man. Therefore, he devoted the rest of his life to achieving his goal. The correctness of the path he chose is proven by the fact that the name of A. Suvorov entered the history of our country as the name of a legendary commander.

Thus, making a choice is half the battle; the main thing is not to make a mistake with your choice. (184 words)

Life values is what people consider important in their lives. These are their beliefs, principles, guidelines. This is a compass that determines not only a person’s fate, but relationships with others. Life values ​​are formed in childhood; they lay the foundation for the rest of life. I will prove my words with specific examples.

Let us turn to the text of a modern Russian prose writer and screenwriter V. Tokarev Ouch. Her hero, Korolkov, watches his own sixteen-year-old daughter with grief. He notes that she grew up selfish because she does not take into account the opinion of her own mother and thinks only of herself. Korolkov understands that he himself is to blame for what is happening: it was necessary to form spiritual values ​​in the child from early childhood. Therefore, the hero realizes responsibility for his own daughter and is ready to correct the mistakes he has made.

Another example that confirms my words can be cited from the comedy D.I. Fonvizin "Undergrown". Mrs. Prostakova, just like Korolkov, did not teach her son Mitrofan many important things: to respect his own father and elders, to work, to study. The main priorities in life for him are to eat well, sleep and be idle. He lacks moral guidelines, so it will be difficult for him to establish relationships with people around him.

Thus, life values ​​must be formed in childhood, otherwise a person will face many difficulties in future life. (185 words)

Love - this is the most intimate feeling that one person can experience for another. This is a kind of attraction, desire, desire to be close to the object of your love. Love ennobles, makes you perceive the world around you differently, admire and admire the one you love, and even perform feats. I will prove my words with specific examples.

Let us turn to the text by Yu.Ya. Yakovlev, whose hero is in love with Nailya. He sincerely admires the girl. He is pleased to be nearby, looking at her. The boy was especially struck by Naila’s voice: it made his heart beat faster than usual and completely seized power over the hero. Communication with the girl gives the narrator great joy and pushes him to do crazy things.

Pyotr Grinev, the hero of A.S. Pushkin’s story “The Captain’s Daughter,” experiences no less sincere and deep feelings. For the sake of love for Masha Mironova, he is ready to do a lot: fight a duel, return to the enemy camp, deceive Pugachev, and even accept an unfair accusation of treason against military duty.

Thus, true love has an inexplicable power over a person, it makes him better and nobler. (152 words)

What's happened mother's love? This is the purest, sincerest and strongest love. This is free love. After all, a mother loves her child, not because he did something, but because it is her child.

I believe that mother's love is not only love for her child, but also for other children. This is explained by the fact that a mother’s heart is like a bottomless cup of tenderness, care, attention, in which there is room for love for all children. For evidence we turn to the text Yu.Ya. Yakovlev and also to life experience.

For example, in sentence 36, the narrator, who was “tormented by inhuman thirst,” calls a strange woman mom, asking her for water. The “stranger” woman gives the narrator water and supports him as if she were her own. This once again proves the generosity of all mothers, their boundless love.

I would also like to remember a poem I recently readD. Kedrina “Heart” . A Cossack, having cut his mother's chest with a blade, brings the girl a mother's heart as a gift. But on the porch he fell, and his mother’s heart fell out of her hands. But despite everything, the mother’s heart asked her son if he had hurt himself. This act of the “heart” shows the enormous power of mother’s love: she forgave him.

Thus, we have proven the enormous “size” of mothers’ hearts, in which there is a place not only for their own children, but also for other people’s children who need their maternal help. We realized that a mother's love is limitless.

Moral choice- this is a conscious decision made by a person, this is the answer to the question “What to do?”: pass by or help, deceive or tell the truth, succumb to temptation or resist. When making a moral choice, a person is guided by conscience, morality, and his own ideas about life. I will prove the truth of my words with specific examples.

One of the heroes of A.G. Aleksin’s text, Vanya Belov, in a critical situation made his moral choice: he took upon himself the blame of his friend, Senya Golubkin, who, out of fear of being left for the second year, stole several notebooks with a district dictation from the teachers’ room. Vanya fearlessly confessed to his crime in front of the director. He did this noble act because he wanted to help his friend move into seventh grade. Vanya acted according to the laws of friendship.

Pyotr Grinev, the hero of A.S. Pushkin’s story “The Captain’s Daughter,” also made his moral choice. When Petrusha lost a hundred rubles to officer Zurin in billiards, Savelich began to convince his pupil not to repay the debt to this swindler. Grinev himself understood that Zurin had fooled him, but still decided to give the money. He acted as his father taught him - according to the laws of honor.

Thus, a person very often finds himself in a situation of choice. And making a decision largely depends on his moral principles. (183 words)

Mutual assistanceis a moral quality that determines a person’s willingness to selflessly help another.

In Voronkova’s text, Vanya helped out the beekeeper’s son, not being afraid of bee stings (sentence 29). Although the other guys left, preferring an easier way out, the hero did not leave his friend in trouble, which is why his father praises him. Morality always commands respect.

In A. Dumas’s novel “The Three Musketeers,” the heroes constantly helped each other out. Their motto was: “One for all, and all for one!” This was the only way to build a strong friendship in such difficult circumstances for the country. This was the secret of their success. Let's turn to the text by E.E. Fonyakova, the heroine of which is a happy child, because she has everything for happiness in a child's understanding: a lot of interesting entertainment, the opportunity to dream, play pranks, caring parents. But this happy world turns out to be very fragile. It collapses in an instant when terrible news comes about the start of the war. And although the girl does not yet understand what a “real” war is, the feeling of happiness leaves her.

Let us also recall the hero of L. Andreev’s story “Petka in the Dacha”. Petka is a child from a poor family. He was sent as an apprentice to a hairdresser, where he performed the most difficult and dirty work. Such a life did not bring any joy to the child. The boy felt real happiness when his mother brought him to the dacha. There he rests, bathes, explores the ruins of an ancient palace, in a word, does everything that a child should do. But the happiness suddenly ends: the boy is ordered to return to his boring, exhausting duties. For Petka, this return is a real tragedy.

Thus, every child has the right to a happy life. (197 words)

Strength of spirit is one of the main qualities that makes a person strong not physically, but mentally. This concept consists of self-confidence, determination, perseverance, perseverance, inflexibility and faith in the best.

Strength of spirit helps a person find a way out of a difficult situation, look into the future with optimism, and overcome life's adversity. This is the quality of a person’s soul that makes him invincible, forces him to face dangers, take risks, fight even when everyone around him has given up, force himself to do something through “I can’t.”

In the text by C.T. Aitmatov, the main character watches a war film. In it, Russian soldiers bravely fight the Nazis and defend their Motherland. They did not run away from tanks, bullets and explosions, but continued to advance to save their country. When almost everyone died, the surviving soldier did not chicken out, did not run away, but walked forward with a grenade in his hands, not fearing death, because he had a strong spirit, he knew that this act could save the lives of innocent comrades, children, women.

People struggling with various ailments have enormous fortitude. They do not give up, despite the pain and suffering, they try to recover. Such people usually achieve heights in sports or science. They do not give up, but, on the contrary, do everything possible to return to ordinary life, hide their shortcomings, be like the ordinary people who surround them, so as not to evoke feelings of pity or disgust in others.

Strength of spirit allows a person not to give up in a difficult situation and endure everything, endure any adversity.

Friendship

How often do we hear the words “friend”, “friendship”! But what do we mean by these concepts? Friendship is a selfless relationship between people based on trust, common interests and hobbies. A friend will always support you in difficult times and provide assistance. Friends are not offended when they tell the truth, whatever it may be.

This is what happened with the boys in the text... (argument from text)

Russian writers often talked about friendship. For example, V. Astafiev’s story “The Photograph in Which I’m Not in” talks about real friends. One of the boys does not take part in the photography because his friend is sick. He does this for the sake of him and their true friendship.

So, it is impossible to live without friends. In difficult times, we rush to lean on the hand of a friend. It is no coincidence that the Italian proverb says: “Whoever finds a friend has found a treasure.”

Love

What is love? This question has been bothering people for a long time. They write poems and sing songs about love. They say that without love, life is boring and uninteresting. What is this feeling that fascinates a person and makes him happy?

For me, love is warmth, joy, and caring coming from a loving heart. For this we pay with mutual gratitude. Love is a state of mind when you accept a person for who he is, with all his shortcomings, when you enjoy every moment with your loved one. Let us confirm our reasoning with an example from the text.

…… (argument from text)

Great writers who experienced a similar feeling spoke of both passionate and sad love. Let's remember Romeo and Juliet from William Shakespeare's tragedy. They tried to prevent the bright feeling that flared up in the hearts of young people. But if you love, nothing can separate you and your beloved. Love is not hindered by time and distance, it lives in hearts. And if he dies, then, as a rule, along with the person himself. This is what happened in this tragedy.

So let's fill our lives with love! Let's take care of the people we love, surround ourselves with the things we love, and do what we love.

Mother's love

“Mom” is an affectionate and kind word that exudes warmth and love. Mother's love is the source of life. Without a mother and her support, a person can grow up embittered and cruel. It is the mother who is capable of anything for the sake of her child. Let us confirm our thoughts with an example from the text.

…. (argument from text)

Many authors wrote about the mother and her all-consuming love. Sometimes, of course, blind maternal love did not bring good to the children. Let us remember Mitrofanushka from D. Fonvizin’s comedy “The Minor.” The mother became so lost in her love for her son that he stopped respecting her. The woman spoiled her child, allowing him everything, indulging him in everything. What is the result? Mitrofan dreams of getting rid of his mother's care and, when the opportunity arises, betrays her.

So, maternal love should not be blind, because the future of the child depends on it. But children should also remember to be grateful, because one day they too will become parents who love their daughters and sons.

Precious books

Book... What is it for you? Good advisor or plain bound paper? For some, this is the world, and even life. Precious books are the foundation of future spiritual life. What books can be called “precious”? In my opinion, these are the publications that left a mark on your soul, planted a seed of morality and spirituality. Let’s confirm this idea with an example from the text.

…. (argument from text)

I also have my own “precious” books. One of them is “The Adventures of Tom Sawyer” by M. Twain. After reading it in third grade, I understood what friendship, kindness, justice, and mercy are. The main character, who finds himself in various situations, helps the child reader understand many aspects of a difficult life, set priorities, and choose the right guidelines.

Thus, books are our teachers-mentors, our guides to life. Our principles and beliefs depend on which book we choose as a reference book. Don't make a mistake in your choice!

Real art

Art is the creative understanding of the world around us by a talented person. The fruits of this understanding belong to all humanity. The creations of ancient Greek sculptors, the works of Raphael, Dante, Mozart, Tchaikovsky, Shishkin are immortal. These names can be listed endlessly. This is real art, that is, time-tested art that has not lost its value even after centuries.

The text... talks about... (argument from the text)

We can also classify the immortal works of the classics as real art. Not only in Russia, but throughout the world, the works of L. Tolstoy are known and loved. His novels reflected the era, painted images of people who, by their nature, were very close to my contemporaries. And “eternal” themes and conflicts make them relevant even now. They educate and teach us. And this is the purpose of real art.

Art is beautiful because it is created by a select few and belongs to millions. Every person must learn to see and understand beauty, then art will have a beneficial effect on society as a whole. Art is eternal and beautiful because it brings beauty and goodness to the world.

Human inner world

Every person has an inner world. For some it is rich and extraordinary, for others it is poorer. All people are different, and with them their inner world is diverse, the same spiritual wealth that conceals many valuable qualities in the human soul is diverse.

So in the story... the hero... (argument from text)

Writers of Russian literature have always been interested in the inner world of heroes. It is he who pushes them to perform certain actions. Let us remember Tatyana Larina from A.S. Pushkin’s novel “Eugene Onegin”. She lives in the provinces and is not spoiled by secular mores. The girl is kind, responsive to the grief of others, sincere and trusting. These qualities drive her desire to confess her love to Eugene. While reading the novel, I dreamed that the “Russian soul” Tatiana would find happiness and be rewarded for her rich inner world.

The inner world of a person is unique and inimitable. Let us be attentive to people, so as not to accidentally hurt the soul, so as not to extinguish the fire that burns in the soul of every person.

Life values

Life values ​​play an important role in a person’s fate, because decision-making depends on them. Each person has his own system of life values, his own priorities. For some, material values ​​are important: money, clothes, real estate. For others, spiritual values ​​are a priority: love, friendship, home, work for the benefit of people, health, creativity.

For example, for the hero... from the text... (argument from the text)

The ancient Greeks revered moral values ​​and called them “ethical virtues.” The main ones were prudence, benevolence and justice. Not only among the Greeks, but among all peoples, honesty, loyalty, respect for elders, patriotism, and hard work are revered.

All our life values ​​should be aimed at making others happier. That's when we ourselves become happy. We gain peace and tranquility when we take care of others rather than ourselves.

Let us remember the story “The Captain's Daughter” by A.S. Pushkin. Pyotr Grinev, brought up on the ideals of honor and nobility, is not able to abandon the orphan Masha in trouble. He risks his life, but does not betray his principles, his Fatherland.

Thus, it seems to me that the most important life values ​​for every person should be the ability to love, endure, forgive, do good and never betray anyone.

Kindness

Kindness is a manifestation of sincere, kind feelings towards someone; it is an affectionate, friendly, caring attitude. This is a bright and pleasant feeling, it brings joy to both others and yourself. Kind people strive to help all living things: people, animals. Let us confirm our judgments with an example from the text.

… (argument from text)

Last year, our school held a good deeds campaign for the whole year. One of the junior classes took patronage of a bear from the zoo. The guys listened to a lecture on how to help an animal, and are still helping the animal. Such children will grow up to be kind people.

Thus, kindness and kindness are always associated with protecting one’s neighbor, with mercy, with love for all living things. Kindness shown free of charge, from the bottom of your heart, will return to you a hundredfold.

Choice

Each of us, from childhood, finds ourselves in situations where we need to make a choice. This could be the choice of a toy, a friend, a profession, a loved one, or a life goal. It is very important to make the right choice, as a mistake can be costly.

Very often, Russian classics confronted their heroes with a choice. And this tradition was entrenched in folklore. Bogatyrs or fairy-tale heroes, going on travels, stood at a crossroads and chose the most difficult road. And for the trials that they endured with honor, they were rewarded.

And now I have to make an important choice: stay in school in the 10th grade or continue my education in college. It depends on the goal I set for myself and on my capabilities and abilities. Before deciding on anything, you need to weigh the pros and cons.

Making the right choice is not always easy. But if you are guided not only by your interests, then you will not be mistaken in your choice.

Moral choice

Each of us, from childhood, finds ourselves in situations where we need to make a choice. This could be the choice of a toy, a friend, a profession, a loved one, or a life goal. It is very important to make the right choice, as a mistake can be costly. And the right choice is a moral choice, that is, one that is based on moral principles. They help you choose the right means to achieve your goal.

So in the text... the hero has to choose.... (argument from text)

M. Sholokhov writes about moral choice in his story “The Fate of Man.” His hero Andrei Sokolov is faced with the need to choose. Before killing the traitor, he wonders if he is doing the right thing. This choice (murder) is not easy for him, but we, the readers, do not blame him. We think we would do the same.

And Sokolov’s moral choice in the interrogation scene confirms our thoughts about him as a pure and noble person. Using the example of one person’s fate, Sholokhov was able to show how a moral choice can change one’s life.

We must make our choice according to our conscience, no matter how difficult it may be. Let's remember that for every action we will be responsible to ourselves and those around us, and not only our lives, but also the lives of those around us depend on our choice.

Diffidence

Very often, a barrier in the professional sphere or personal life is self-doubt. According to psychological studies, most calls to specialists are due to this reason. Insecure people have difficulty communicating with others. They have difficulty making decisions and are tormented by the fact that their desires remain unfulfilled. Self-doubt is doubt about one’s own qualities, abilities, and skills. The reasons for it are different, but most often they lie in childhood. You were rarely praised; failures were often pointed out.

Here comes the hero... in the text... (argument from the text)

Often self-doubt prevents you from making the right decision. That's what happened to Mr.NNin the story “Asya” by I.S. Turgenev. The hero could not give up his prejudices and did not tell Asya about his feelings. The result is loneliness and only painful memories of the wonderful moments spent with the girl.

You can fight uncertainty - a person is capable of much. We have enormous potential. You need to learn to be yourself, please others, receive compliments, enjoy any communication, be a confident, open and friendly person.

Strength of mind

Often the concepts of “willpower” and “strength of spirit” are equated. But it seems to me that these are different things. Inner potential, second wind, the ability to remain calm and adequate thinking in extreme situations - all this is fortitude. We see examples of people who have it fully every day. These are our grandparents who know how to enjoy life in old age, fighting various diseases and at the same time helping their children and grandchildren.

… (argument from text)

What about people with physical disabilities? Thanks to their fortitude, they overcome life's trials associated not only with an incurable disease, but also with heavy emotional stress. Such people have learned to achieve their goals and truly value time.

Strength of spirit sometimes helps to survive. Let us remember the poem “Mtsyri” by M.Yu. Lermontov. A child who escaped from a monastery managed to escape death after ending up in the wild. He was driven by a goal - the desire to find a home. This is what gave him vitality.

Only the strong in spirit have a firm position in life and stable moral standards. Strength of spirit will help you overcome a lot, gain invaluable experience, and achieve peaks in any activity.

Mutual assistance

Popular wisdom says: “When you want to know the value of a person, lead him to someone else’s misfortune or to someone else’s joy.” If a person shows humanity and participation in your misfortune, this will indicate that he is capable of showing mutual assistance.

Mutual assistance is mutual, mutual assistance, revenue in some matter. It seems to me that this concept is synonymous with the word “cooperation”, where people or partners help each other to achieve some result. Since ancient times, people have survived in difficult conditions by relying on this quality. It is based on trust. It is easier for a person brought up on the principles of trust and mutual assistance to build any relationship in the world: family, professional and human.

… (argument from text)

To provide or not to provide mutual assistance is the moral choice of every person. During the Great Patriotic War, many people hid wounded partisans in their homes, because they knew that these people fought for their freedom. They could not do otherwise, because their husbands and sons were at the front, which means that someone could take care of them in difficult times.

In L.N. Tolstoy’s story “Prisoner of the Caucasus,” Zhilin is a vivid example of the manifestation of mutual assistance. He helps his colleague Kostylin, supports him in captivity, organizes an escape for two, carries his comrade on his shoulders.

Many people have now begun to forget what mutual assistance is, they have forgotten that by helping others, you can count on reciprocal support. It is mutual assistance that helps many people survive in our world.

Happiness (essay from the Internet)

HAPPINESS- this is the state of a person’s soul, this is the highest satisfaction with life. Each person puts his own understanding into this word. For a child, happiness is a peaceful sky above his head, entertainment, fun, games, loving parents. And it’s scary when a child’s happy world collapses.I will prove my words with specific examples.

Let's turn to the text by E.E. Fonyakova, the heroine of which is a happy child, because she has everything for happiness in a child's understanding: a lot of interesting entertainment, the opportunity to dream, play pranks, caring parents. But this happy world turns out to be very fragile. It collapses in an instant when terrible news comes about the start of the war. And although the girl does not yet understand what a “real” war is, the feeling of happiness leaves her (or other text ).

Let us also recall the hero of L. Andreev’s story “Petka in the Dacha”. Petka is a child from a poor family. He was sent as an apprentice to a hairdresser, where he performed the most difficult and dirty work. Such a life did not bring any joy to the child. The boy felt real happiness when his mother brought him to the dacha. There he rests, bathes, explores the ruins of an ancient palace, in a word, does everything that a child should do. But the happiness suddenly ends: the boy is ordered to return to his boring, exhausting duties. For Petka, this return is a real tragedy.

Thus, every child has the right to a happy life