The formation of Bezukhov's personality. Composition “Ideological and moral evolution of Pierre Bezukhov

Ideological and moral evolution of the personality of Pierre Bezukhov

Leo Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace" is the greatest epic work of world literature of the 19th century. Its action lasts for fifteen years. Few writers have managed to combine the description of the major events of history with the scenes of the everyday life of the heroes of the work, so that they do not overshadow each other, but harmoniously merge into a single whole. For Tolstoy, the life of one person is the historical life of the entire nation. However, in the raging sea of ​​​​persons that fill the novel, the personality that is central to the work stands out - this is Pierre Bezukhov.

The reader meets Pierre in the very first chapter of the novel, in the high society salon of Anna Pavlovna Scherer. It is in this "spinning workshop", filled with indifferent people - "spindles", that the sincerity and naturalness of Pierre stand out so contrasting with this society. “One living person among all our world,” says Prince Andrei Bolkonsky about Pierre.

Pierre, the illegitimate son of Count Bezukhov, returned from abroad three months ago and has not yet determined his future career. His character has not yet been formed, he is young, knows life poorly and hardly understands people. Since Pierre was deprived of a family, he constantly needs a teacher, a mentor. But the desire to gain spiritual support does not prevent Pierre from maintaining his individuality and going through life in his own way.

The first serious blow of fate for Pierre was his marriage to Helen. He turned out to be unarmed against the deceit and deceit of the Kuragins, who lured him into their networks. But morally, Pierre turned out to be much higher than these people: he took the blame for what happened. It will always be so in the future.

A turning point in Pierre's life can be considered a duel with Dolokhov. Having accepted someone else's rules of the game, he seriously thought about his life and came to the conclusion that he was lying to himself. This led Pierre to the desire to turn his fate into a different moral direction.

In Pierre's soul, "the main screw on which his whole life rested" curled up. He crossed out the past, but did not know what the future would be. "What's wrong? What well? What should you love, what should you hate?

Why live and what am I ... ”At this moment of crisis, Pierre met the freemason Osip Alekseevich Bazdeev, and a new, as it seemed to him, purifying star shone over him.

Disillusionment with Freemasonry did not come all at once or suddenly. Pierre was faced with hypocrisy, careerism, passion for the external attributes of rituals, and most importantly, he did not feel connected with real, everyday life. At the same time, he failed in his good intentions to change the position of the serfs - Pierre was too far from the people's troubles and problems. Dissatisfaction with himself again came, that driving force that did not allow the spiritual fire to go out in him. This is how readers find Pierre on the verge of the Patriotic War of 1812, which became a fateful turning point for many heroes of the novel.

It is no coincidence that we see the battle of Borodino partly through the eyes of Pierre, a non-military man who could not help but be where the fate of his Fatherland was decided. Here, Count Bezukhov became close to ordinary soldiers. He was struck by their fearlessness, stamina and kindness. They were morally superior and purer than Pierre. He began to think about how to become like them, "how to throw off all this superfluous, devilish, all the burden of this outside world."

Then there was desecrated Moscow, and the romantic idea of ​​killing Napoleon, and rescuing a girl, and a fight with the French, and captivity. In captivity, Pierre witnessed the senseless and cruel execution of Russian prisoners. This shock seemed to pull out the spring on which faith in life, in God, in man was kept in his soul. And Pierre felt that he himself could not revive this faith. He was saved by a meeting with Platon Karataev.

"The previously destroyed world now moved in his soul with new beauty on some new and unshakable foundations." Amazed and fascinated, Pierre watched Platosha and saw his amazing kindness and diligence, he listened to his songs and sayings, plunging into the world of folk life. Pierre felt that he had found peace and harmony with himself, which he had been looking for for so long. He saw how close the happiness he longed for was. It was in the satisfaction of the simplest and most natural needs of man. The meeting with Karataev helped Pierre feel like a part of a whole vast world: “And all this is mine, and all this is in me, and all this is me!”

Pierre Bezukhov returned home morally renewed. He realized that the purpose and meaning of life is life itself, in all its manifestations. “Life is everything. Life is God." Pierre learned to see the great and eternal in the petty and worldly. He learned to love and understand people, and they were drawn to him.

All this time, a tender and admiring love for Natasha lived in Pierre's soul. Both of them had changed during the war, but these spiritual changes only brought them closer. So a new family was born - the Bezukhov family.

In the epilogue, we see Pierre, carried away by radical ideas of changing the social order. According to Tolstoy's plan, the hero of the novel had to survive the collapse of "false hopes" and, having returned from exile to Siberia, come to an understanding of the true laws of life.

In the image of Pierre Bezukhov, Tolstoy revealed to us, on the one hand, the characteristic personality of his era, on the other, he showed the moral quest of a person who is looking for his way in the seething ocean of life. Only the desire for self-improvement could lead the hero, according to the author, to such high spiritual boundaries.

Searched here:

• personality evolution of pierre bezukhov
• evolution of pierre bezukhov

Spiritual evolution of Pierre Bezukhov

Sample essay text

Russian classical literature of the 19th century affirmed the highest spiritual moral values, the realization of which leads the heroes to harmony with the world. Perhaps there is some kind of pattern in the fact that its achievement is often impossible for intellectual nobles. Possessing many remarkable qualities, they, by virtue of their privileged position and upbringing, are doomed to a tragic break with the age-old national traditions laid down in the Russian people. Therefore, the life of a smart, critically thinking Onegin passes in the monotonous secular pleasures, giving rise to a feeling of emptiness and boredom. Pechorin wastes his rich spiritual strength on trifles. In my opinion, Tolstoy refers to the era of 1812 in "War and Peace" not by chance. After all, this terrible disaster that befell Russia was able to shake Russian people of different classes to the ground, make them rethink the life around them, understand and feel what is most valuable and dear in it. It was the war that could bring together in one trench or captivity a nobleman and a peasant, united by the common goal of saving the fatherland. That is, the very heroic epoch of 1812 gives the hero-intellectual a chance to come to full agreement with life, to find its highest meaning.

This theme finds its fullest expression in the image of Pierre Bezukhov, which is given by the author in the dynamics of evolution. Tracing the path of your hero. Tolstoy shows how his character changes, the worldview of the progressive person of the era is formed - a patriot, a Decembrist. At the beginning of the novel, Pierre is a fat, massive young man with an intelligent, timid and observant look that distinguishes him from the rest of the visitors to the living room. Having recently arrived from abroad, this illegitimate son of Count Bezukhov stands out in the high society salon for his naturalness, sincerity and simplicity. He is soft, supple, easily amenable to other people's influence. For example, he leads a disorderly, wild life, participating in revelry and atrocities of secular youth, although he perfectly understands the emptiness and worthlessness of such a pastime. Pierre's naivete and gullibility, inability to understand people make him make a number of life mistakes, of which the most serious is marrying the stupid and cynical beauty Helen Kuragina. By this thoughtless act, Pierre deprives himself of all hope for possible personal happiness. Having parted with his wife and given her a significant share of his fortune, he seeks to find application for his strengths and abilities in other areas of life.

Tolstoy makes the hero go through a difficult path of losses, mistakes, delusions and searches. Having become close to the Freemasons, Pierre tries to find the meaning of life in religious truth. Freemasonry gave the hero the belief that there should be a kingdom of goodness and truth in the world, and the highest happiness of a person is to strive to achieve them. But these ideas are too abstract, devoid of concrete features. Pierre cannot be satisfied with mysterious, mystical rites and sublime conversations about good and evil. He wants to find a field of action in order to translate fair and humane ideas into a concrete useful thing. Therefore, Bezukhov, like Andrei, begins to improve his serfs. All measures taken by him are imbued with sympathy for the oppressed peasantry. Pierre makes sure that only persuasive punishments are applied, and not corporal ones, so that the peasants are not burdened with overwork, and hospitals, shelters and schools are established in each estate. But all the good intentions of Pierre remained only intentions. Why, wanting to help the peasants, he could not do this? The answer is simple. His naivety, lack of practical experience, ignorance of reality prevented the young humane landowner from bringing good undertakings to life. The stupid but cunning chief executive easily fooled the smart and intelligent gentleman around the finger, creating the appearance of the exact execution of his orders.

Finally disillusioned with Freemasonry, Pierre finds himself at a dead end in life and plunges into a state of hopeless longing and despair. Feeling a strong need for high noble activity, feeling rich forces in himself, Pierre nevertheless does not see the purpose and meaning of life. The Patriotic War of 1812, the general patriotism of which captured him, helps the hero to find a way out of this state of discord with himself and the world around him. Not being a military officer, like Andrei Bolkonsky, Pierre expressed his love for the fatherland in his own way: he formed a regiment at his own expense and took it to support, while he himself remained in Moscow to kill Napoleon as the main culprit of national disasters. It was here, in the capital occupied by the French, that Pierre's selfless kindness was fully revealed. Seeing helpless people at the mercy of rampant French soldiers, he cannot remain a passive witness to the numerous human dramas unfolding before his eyes. Not thinking about his own safety, Pierre protects a woman, stands up for a lunatic, saves a child from a burning house. Before his eyes, representatives of the most cultured and civilized nation are outrageous, violence and arbitrariness are happening, people are being executed, accused of arson, which they did not commit. These terrible and painful impressions are aggravated by the conditions of captivity. But the most terrible thing for the hero is not hunger and lack of freedom, but the collapse of faith in the just structure of the world, in man and God. But in a wretched barracks, he meets with the peasant Platon Karataev, rapprochement with ordinary people. The round gentle soldier performs a real miracle, forcing Pierre to look at the world brightly and joyfully again, to believe in goodness, love, justice. Communication with Karataev causes a feeling of peace and comfort in the hero. His suffering soul warms up under the influence of the cordiality and participation of a simple Russian person. Platon Karataev has some special gift of love, a feeling of blood connection with all people. His wisdom, which struck Pierre, lies in the fact that he lives in complete harmony with everything earthly, as if dissolving in it.

A turning point occurs in Bezukhov's soul, which means the adoption of a life-loving view of the world by Platon Karataev. But the feeling of complete harmony for such an intelligent and inquisitive person as Pierre is impossible without participation in specific useful activities aimed at achieving a lofty goal - the very harmony that cannot exist in a country where the people are in the position of a slave. Therefore, Pierre naturally comes to Decembristism, joining a secret society in order to fight everything that interferes with life, humiliates the honor and dignity of a person. This struggle becomes the meaning of his life, but does not make him a fanatic who, for the sake of an idea, consciously renounces the joys of being. We see in the end of the novel a happy man who has a good family, a faithful and devoted wife who loves and is loved. Thus, it is Pierre Bezukhov who achieves spiritual harmony with the world and himself in War and Peace. He goes through the difficult path of searching for the meaning of life to the end and finds it, becoming an advanced, progressive person of his era.

The writing

Russian classical literature of the 19th century affirmed the highest spiritual moral values, the realization of which leads the heroes to harmony with the world. Perhaps there is some kind of pattern in the fact that its achievement is often impossible for intellectual nobles. Possessing many remarkable qualities, they, by virtue of their privileged position and upbringing, are doomed to a tragic break with the age-old national traditions laid down in the Russian people. Therefore, the life of a smart, critically thinking Onegin passes in the monotonous secular pleasures, giving rise to a feeling of emptiness and boredom. Pechorin wastes his rich spiritual strength on trifles. In my opinion, Tolstoy refers to the era of 1812 in "War and Peace" not by chance. After all, this terrible disaster that befell Russia was able to shake Russian people of different classes to the ground, make them rethink the life around them, understand and feel what is most valuable and dear in it. It was the war that could bring together in one trench or captivity a nobleman and a peasant, united by the common goal of saving the fatherland. That is, the very heroic epoch of 1812 gives the hero-intellectual a chance to come to full agreement with life, to find its highest meaning.

This theme finds its fullest expression in the image of Pierre Bezukhov, which is given by the author in the dynamics of evolution. Tracing the path of your hero. Tolstoy shows how his character changes, the worldview of an advanced person of the era is formed - a patriot, a Decembrist. At the beginning of the novel, Pierre is a fat, massive young man with an intelligent, timid and observant look that distinguishes him from the rest of the visitors to the living room. Having recently arrived from abroad, this illegitimate son of Count Bezukhov stands out in the high society salon for his naturalness, sincerity and simplicity. He is soft, supple, easily amenable to other people's influence. For example, he leads a disorderly, wild life, participating in revelry and atrocities of secular youth, although he perfectly understands the emptiness and worthlessness of such a pastime. Pierre's naivete and gullibility, inability to understand people make him make a number of life mistakes, of which the most serious is marrying the stupid and cynical beauty Helen Kuragina. By this thoughtless act, Pierre deprives himself of all hope for possible personal happiness. Having parted with his wife and given her a significant share of his fortune, he seeks to find application for his strengths and abilities in other areas of life.

Tolstoy makes the hero go through a difficult path of losses, mistakes, delusions and searches. Having become close to the Freemasons, Pierre tries to find the meaning of life in religious truth. Freemasonry gave the hero the belief that there should be a kingdom of goodness and truth in the world, and the highest happiness of a person is to strive to achieve them. But these ideas are too abstract, devoid of concrete features. Pierre cannot be satisfied with mysterious, mystical rites and sublime conversations about good and evil. He wants to find a field of action in order to translate fair and humane ideas into a concrete useful thing. Therefore, Bezukhov, like Andrei, begins to improve his serfs. All measures taken by him are imbued with sympathy for the oppressed peasantry. Pierre makes sure that only persuasive punishments are applied, and not corporal ones, so that the peasants are not burdened with overwork, and hospitals, shelters and schools are established in each estate. But all the good intentions of Pierre remained only intentions. Why, wanting to help the peasants, he could not do this? The answer is simple. His naivety, lack of practical experience, ignorance of reality prevented the young humane landowner from bringing good undertakings to life. The stupid but cunning chief executive easily fooled the smart and intelligent gentleman around the finger, creating the appearance of the exact execution of his orders.

Finally disillusioned with Freemasonry, Pierre finds himself at a dead end in life and plunges into a state of hopeless longing and despair. Feeling a strong need for high noble activity, feeling rich forces in himself, Pierre nevertheless does not see the purpose and meaning of life. The Patriotic War of 1812, the general patriotism of which captured him, helps the hero to find a way out of this state of discord with himself and the world around him. Not being a military officer, like Andrei Bolkonsky, Pierre expressed his love for the fatherland in his own way: he formed a regiment at his own expense and took it to support, while he himself remained in Moscow to kill Napoleon as the main culprit of national disasters. It was here, in the capital occupied by the French, that Pierre's selfless kindness was fully revealed. Seeing helpless people at the mercy of rampant French soldiers, he cannot remain a passive witness to the numerous human dramas unfolding before his eyes. Not thinking about his own safety, Pierre protects a woman, stands up for a lunatic, saves a child from a burning house. Before his eyes, representatives of the most cultured and civilized nation are outrageous, violence and arbitrariness are happening, people are being executed, accused of arson, which they did not commit. These terrible and painful impressions are aggravated by the conditions of captivity. But the most terrible thing for the hero is not hunger and lack of freedom, but the collapse of faith in the just structure of the world, in man and God. But in a wretched barracks, he meets with the peasant Platon Karataev, rapprochement with ordinary people. The round gentle soldier performs a real miracle, forcing Pierre to look at the world brightly and joyfully again, to believe in goodness, love, justice. Communication with Karataev causes a feeling of peace and comfort in the hero. His suffering soul warms up under the influence of the cordiality and participation of a simple Russian person. Platon Karataev has some special gift of love, a feeling of blood connection with all people. His wisdom, which struck Pierre, lies in the fact that he lives in complete harmony with everything earthly, as if dissolving in it.

A turning point occurs in Bezukhov's soul, which means the adoption of a life-loving view of the world by Platon Karataev. But the feeling of complete harmony for such an intelligent and inquisitive person as Pierre is impossible without participation in specific useful activities aimed at achieving a lofty goal - the very harmony that cannot exist in a country where the people are in the position of a slave. Therefore, Pierre naturally comes to Decembristism, joining a secret society in order to fight everything that interferes with life, humiliates the honor and dignity of a person. This struggle becomes the meaning of his life, but does not make him a fanatic who, for the sake of an idea, consciously renounces the joys of being. We see in the end of the novel a happy man who has a good family, a faithful and devoted wife who loves and is loved. Thus, it is Pierre Bezukhov who achieves spiritual harmony with the world and himself in War and Peace. He goes through the difficult path of searching for the meaning of life to the end and finds it, becoming an advanced, progressive person of his era.

Pierre is one of those people

who are strong only when

when they feel quite clean.

L. Tolstoy. A diary

On the pages of Leo Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace" we meet many people who undergo moral evolution, the development of ideas, and a change in worldview in the course of various events. One of these people is Pierre Bezukhov, whose life path was complicated and difficult, but in whom the thirst for self-improvement, personal development, the search for freedom and truth never quenched.

Raised abroad, the illegitimate son of Count Bezukhov, Pierre appears before us as a free-thinking person, but far enough from real Russian reality, as a result of which he becomes an obedient toy in the hands of cunning and dishonest people.

Brought up on the ideas of the French enlighteners, Bezukhov completely denies God, but he, like every Russian person, needs some kind of faith. So he becomes a Mason. Easily succumbing to the external charm of Freemasonry, Pierre is almost happy. He feels strong, because now he can figure out where is the truth and where is the lie. However, it did not take Pierre so much time to understand that those who preach poverty and the correctness of life themselves live in a lie, and all their rituals only cover up the falsity of their behavior, the desire to derive their own benefit.

At one time, Pierre was extremely attracted to the image of Napoleon - he also wanted to go ahead, be strong and invincible. However, with the beginning of the Patriotic War of 1812, this passion passes, Pierre realizes that he worshiped the despot and the villain, which means that he was an empty idol. Staying in Moscow, Pierre even imbued with the idea of ​​​​killing Napoleon, but his plan fails, and Bezukhov is captured by the French.

In captivity, Pierre Bezukhov meets Platon Karataev, and this man gives him a completely new understanding of the world and the role of man in it, answering the questions: why live and what am I? Bezukhov only develops and deepens this new understanding for himself: “I lived for myself and ruined my life. And only now, when I live ... for others, only now I understand the happiness of my life.

Tolstoy wrote: "There is no greatness where there is no simplicity, goodness, and truth." And the whole point of the ideological and moral evolution of Pierre Bezukhov lies in the gradual overcoming of individualistic self-assertion, in self-denial for the good and benefit of others.

After the end of the war, Pierre marries Natasha Rostova. Both she, after her sufferings, and he, after all non-happiness and doubts, find true happiness in their love. But Pierre does not calm down and enters into a secret society. Perhaps soon, "having taken hand in hand with those who love goodness," he will come to Senate Square.

For Tolstoy, not only the results of the heroes' searches are extremely important, but also the paths they have traveled, since these paths reveal the true content of life, brightly illuminate the real relationships that exist in the world. Pierre Bezukhov's search for truth is also peculiar, but it was dictated by time, circumstances, surrounding people, so it is no less important for us than the truths that the hero comprehended by the time we parted with him.

Didn't find what you were looking for? Use the search

On this page, material on the topics:

• scheme of evolution of Pierre Bezukhov in the novel War and Peace
• War and peace the evolution of the personality of Pierre Bezukhov
• personality evolution of pierre bezukhov quotes
• ideological and moral evolution of the personality of Pierre Bezukhov
• war and peace about pierre bezukhov masons 1812