Andrey Sokolov what he is. Characteristics of Andrei Sokolov from the work of the fate of man

“The Fate of a Man” by M.A. Sholokhov is one of the most soul-stirring works about the Great Patriotic War. In this story, the author conveyed the whole harsh truth of the life of the war years, all the hardships and losses. Sholokhov tells us about the fate of an unusually courageous man who went through the whole war, lost his family, but managed to maintain his human dignity.

The main character is Andrei Sokolov, a native of the Voronezh province, an ordinary hard worker.

In peacetime, he worked at a factory, then as a driver. He had a family, a house - everything you need for happiness. Sokolov loved his wife and children, saw in them the meaning of life. But the family idyll was destroyed by the unexpectedly looming war. She separated Andrei from the most important thing that he had.

At the front, many difficult, painful trials fell on the hero. He was wounded twice. When trying to deliver shells for an artillery unit, he fell into the rear of the enemy army and was taken prisoner. The hero was brought to Poznan, placed in a camp, where they were obliged to dig graves for the dead soldiers. But even in captivity, Andrei did not lose heart. He behaved courageously and honorably. The nature of a real Russian man allowed him to endure all the trials, not to break. Once, while digging a grave, Andrei managed to escape, but, unfortunately, without success. He was found by detective dogs in the field. For the escape, the hero was severely punished: he was beaten, bitten by dogs and transferred to the camp's isolation ward for a month. But even in such terrible situations, Sokolov was able to survive without losing his humanity.

The hero was driven around Germany for a long time: he worked in inhuman conditions at a silicate plant in Saxony, in a coal mine in the Ruhr region, in earthworks in Bavaria and in an infinite number of other places. The prisoners of war were terribly fed, constantly beaten. By the autumn of 1942, Sokolov had lost more than 36 kilograms.

The author vividly shows the courage of the hero in the scene of interrogation by his head of the camp, Muller. The German promised to personally shoot Sokolov for a terrible statement: "They need four cubic meters of output, but for the grave of each of us, even one cubic meter through the eyes is enough." Being on the verge of death, the hero openly expresses his opinion about the very difficult working and living conditions for prisoners. He had already prepared for death, gathered his courage, but the mood of the executioner changed dramatically in a more loyal direction. Muller was amazed at the bravery of the Russian soldier and saved his life, also giving a small loaf of bread and a piece of lard to the block.

After some time, Andrei was appointed the driver of a major engineer in the German army. On one of the assignments, Sokolov managed to escape to his own, taking the "fat man" with him. In this situation, the soldier showed resourcefulness and ingenuity. He delivered the major's documents to headquarters, for which he was promised a reward.

After the end of the war, the life of the protagonist did not become easier. He lost his family: during the bombing of an aircraft factory, a bomb hit the Sokolovs' house, and his wife and daughters were at home at that moment, his son Anatoly died from an enemy bullet on the last day of the war. Andrei Sokolov, having lost the meaning of life, returned to Russia, went to Uryupinsk to visit a demobilized friend, where he settled, found a job and at least somehow began to live like a human being. Finally, a white streak began to appear in the life of the hero: fate sent the man a little orphan, a ragged Vanyushka, who also lost all his loved ones during the war.

It remains only to hope that Andrei's future life improved. The protagonist of the work "The Fate of a Man" deserves infinite respect, love and admiration.

Updated: 2018-02-25

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Sholokhov "The Fate of Man" the main characters live in times of war, lose the most precious thing, but find the strength to live on.

M. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man" the main characters and their characteristics

• Andrey Sokolov
• Vanyushka
• Irina, Andrey's wife
• Ivan Timofeevich, neighbor of the Sokolovs
• Müller, camp commandant
• Soviet colonel
• captured military doctor
• Kyryzhnev is a traitor
• Peter, friend of Andrey Sokolov
• landlady
• Anatoly Sokolov- the son of Andrei and Irina. He went to the front during the war. Becomes a battery commander. Anatoly died on Victory Day, he was killed by a German sniper.

Nastenka and Olushka- Sokolov's daughters

Andrey Sokolov- the main character of the story "The Fate of a Man", a front-line driver, a man who went through the whole war.

Andrey Sokolov is the main character of the story "The Fate of a Man" by Sholokhov. His character is truly Russian. How many troubles he endured, what torments he endured, only he himself knows. The hero speaks about this on the pages of the story: “Why did you, life, cripple me like that? Why so distorted? He slowly tells his life from beginning to end to an oncoming fellow traveler, with whom he sat down to light a cigarette by the road.

Sokolov had to go through a lot: hunger, and captivity, and the loss of his family, and the death of his son on the day the war ended. But he endured everything, survived everything, because he had a strong character and iron fortitude. “That’s why you are a man, that’s why you’re a soldier, to endure everything, to demolish everything, if the need called for it,” Andrei Sokolov himself said. His Russian character did not allow him to break down, to retreat in the face of difficulties, to surrender to the enemy. He wrested life from death itself.
All the hardships and cruelties of the war that Andrei Sokolov endured did not kill human feelings in him, did not harden his heart. When he met little Vanyusha, just as lonely as he was, just as unhappy and useless, he realized that he could become his family. Sokolov told him that he was his father and took him up.

Vanyushka- an orphan boy of five or six years. The author describes him as follows: “blond curly head”, “pink cold little hand”, “eyes as bright as a sky”. Vanyushka is trusting, inquisitive and kind. This child has already experienced a lot, he is an orphan. Vanyushka's mother died during the evacuation, was killed by a bomb on the train, and her father died at the front.

Andrei Sokolov told him that he was his father, which Vanya immediately believed and was incredibly happy about. He knew how to sincerely rejoice even in small things. He compares the beauty of the starry sky to a swarm of bees. This war-deprived child early developed a courageous and compassionate character. At the same time, the author emphasizes that only a small, vulnerable child, who, after the death of his parents, spends the night anywhere, was lying all over in dust and dirt (“he lay quietly on the ground, crouching under the angular matting”). His sincere joy indicates that he yearned for human warmth.

The Great Patriotic War, even after many decades, remains the greatest blow to the whole world. What a tragedy this is for the fighting Soviet people, who lost the most people in this bloody duel! The lives of many (both military and civilians) were broken. Sholokhov's story "The Fate of a Man" truthfully depicts these sufferings, not of an individual, but of the entire people who stood up to defend their homeland.

The story "The Fate of a Man" is based on real events: M.A. Sholokhov met a man who told him his tragic biography. This story was almost a ready-made plot, but it did not immediately turn into a literary work. The writer hatched his idea for 10 years, but put it on paper in just a few days. And he dedicated it to E. Levitskaya, who helped him print the main novel of his life, Quiet Flows the Don.

The story was published in the Pravda newspaper on the eve of the new year, 1957. And soon it was read on the All-Union Radio, heard by the whole country. Listeners and readers were shocked by the power and veracity of this work, it gained well-deserved popularity. In literary terms, this book opened up a new way for writers to reveal the theme of war - through the fate of a little man.

Essence of the story

The author accidentally meets the main character Andrei Sokolov and his son Vanyushka. During the forced delay at the crossing, the men began to talk, and a casual acquaintance told the writer his story. Here is what he told him.

Before the war, Andrei lived like everyone else: wife, children, household, work. But then thunder struck, and the hero went to the front, where he served as a driver. One fateful day, Sokolov's car came under fire, he was shell-shocked. So he was taken prisoner.

A group of prisoners was brought to the church for an overnight stay, many incidents occurred that night: the execution of a believer who could not desecrate the church (they weren’t even released “before the wind”), and with him several people who accidentally fell under machine gun fire, help from doctor Sokolov and others wounded. Also, the main character had to strangle another prisoner, as he turned out to be a traitor and was going to betray the commissioner. Even during the next transfer to the concentration camp, Andrei tried to escape, but was caught by dogs, who stripped him of his last clothes and bit everything that “skin with meat flew to shreds.”

Then the concentration camp: inhuman work, almost starvation, beatings, humiliation - that's what Sokolov had to endure. “They need four cubic meters of output, and for the grave of each of us, even one cubic meter through the eyes is enough!” - Andrey said imprudently. And for this he appeared before the Lagerführer Müller. They wanted to shoot the main character, but he overcame fear, bravely drank three shots of schnapps for his death, for which he earned respect, a loaf of bread and a piece of lard.

Toward the end of hostilities, Sokolov was appointed as a driver. And, finally, there was an opportunity to escape, and even with the engineer, whom the hero drove. The joy of salvation did not have time to subside, grief arrived: he learned about the death of his family (a shell hit the house), and after all, all this time he lived only in the hope of meeting. Only one son survived. Anatoly also defended the Motherland, with Sokolov they simultaneously approached Berlin from different sides. But right on the day of victory, the last hope was killed. Andrew was left all alone.

Subject

The main theme of the story is a man at war. These tragic events are an indicator of personal qualities: in extreme situations, those character traits that are usually hidden are revealed, it is clear who is who in reality. Andrei Sokolov before the war was no different, he was like everyone else. But in battle, having survived captivity, a constant danger to life, he showed himself. His truly heroic qualities were revealed: patriotism, courage, fortitude, will. On the other hand, the same prisoner as Sokolov, probably also no different in ordinary civilian life, was going to betray his commissar in order to curry favor with the enemy. Thus, the theme of moral choice is also reflected in the work.

Also M.A. Sholokhov touches on the theme of willpower. The war took away from the protagonist not only health and strength, but also the whole family. He has no home, how to continue to live, what to do next, how to find meaning? This question interested hundreds of thousands of people who experienced similar losses. And for Sokolov, taking care of the boy Vanyushka, who was also left without a home and family, became a new meaning. And for his sake, for the sake of the future of his country, you need to live on. Here is the disclosure of the theme of the search for the meaning of life - a real person finds it in love and hope for the future.

Issues

1. The problem of choice occupies an important place in the story. Every person faces a choice every day. But not everyone has to choose under pain of death, knowing that your fate depends on this decision. So, Andrei had to decide: to betray or remain true to the oath, to bend under the blows of the enemy or to fight. Sokolov was able to remain a worthy person and citizen, because he determined his priorities, guided by honor and morality, and not by the instinct of self-preservation, fear or meanness.
2. In the whole fate of the hero, in his life trials, the problem of defenselessness of the common man in the face of war is reflected. Little depends on him, circumstances pile on him, from which he tries to get out at least alive. And if Andrei could save himself, then his family could not. And he feels guilty about it, even though he isn't.
3. The problem of cowardice is realized in the work through minor characters. The image of a traitor who is ready to sacrifice the life of a fellow soldier for the sake of momentary gain becomes a counterbalance to the image of the brave and strong-willed Sokolov. And such people were in the war, says the author, but there were fewer of them, that's why we won.
4. The tragedy of war. Numerous losses were suffered not only by soldiers, but also by civilians who could not defend themselves in any way.

Characteristics of the main characters

1. Andrei Sokolov is an ordinary person, one of many who had to leave a peaceful existence in order to defend their homeland. He exchanges a simple and happy life for the dangers of war, not even imagining how to stay away. In extreme circumstances, he maintains spiritual nobility, shows willpower and stamina. Under the blows of fate, he managed not to break. And to find a new meaning of life, which betrays kindness and responsiveness in him, because he sheltered an orphan.
2. Vanyushka is a lonely boy who has to spend the night wherever he has to. His mother was killed during the evacuation, his father at the front. Ragged, dusty, in watermelon juice - this is how he appeared before Sokolov. And Andrei could not leave the child, introduced himself as his father, giving a chance for a further normal life for himself and him.

What was the point of the work?

One of the main ideas of the story is the need to take into account the lessons of the war. The example of Andrei Sokolov shows not what war can do to a person, but what it can do to all of humanity. Prisoners tortured by the concentration camp, orphaned children, destroyed families, scorched fields - this should never be repeated, and therefore should not be forgotten.

No less important is the idea that in any, even the most terrible situation, one must remain a man, not be like an animal, which, out of fear, acts only on the basis of instincts. Survival is the main thing for anyone, but if this is given at the cost of betraying oneself, one's comrades, the Motherland, then the surviving soldier is no longer a person, he is not worthy of this title. Sokolov did not betray his ideals, did not break down, although he went through something that is difficult for a modern reader to even imagine.

Genre

A story is a short literary genre that reveals one storyline and several characters. "The fate of man" refers specifically to him.

However, if you look closely at the composition of the work, you can clarify the general definition, because this is a story within a story. At the beginning, the author narrates, who, by the will of fate, met and talked with his character. Andrei Sokolov himself describes his difficult life, the first-person narrative allows readers to better feel the feelings of the hero and understand him. Author's remarks are introduced to characterize the hero from the outside ("eyes, as if sprinkled with ashes", "I did not see a single tear in his as if dead, extinct eyes ... only large, limply lowered hands trembled finely, chin trembled, firm lips trembled") and show how deeply this strong man suffers.

What values ​​does Sholokhov promote?

The main value for the author (and for readers) is the world. Peace between states, peace in society, peace in the human soul. The war destroyed the happy life of Andrei Sokolov, as well as many people. The echo of the war still does not subside, so its lessons must not be forgotten (although often in recent times this event has been overestimated for political purposes far from the ideals of humanism).

Also, the writer does not forget about the eternal values ​​of the individual: nobility, courage, will, desire to help. The time of knights, noble dignity has long passed, but true nobility does not depend on origin, it is in the soul, expressed in its ability for mercy and empathy, even if the world around is collapsing. This story is an excellent lesson in courage and morality for modern readers.

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The immortal work of M. A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man" is a real ode to the common people, whose life was completely broken by the war.

Features of the composition of the story

The protagonist here is represented not by a legendary heroic personality, but by a simple person, one of the millions of people who were touched by the tragedy of the war.

The fate of man in wartime

Andrei Sokolov was a simple rural worker who, like everyone else, worked on a collective farm, had a family and lived an ordinary, measured life. He boldly goes to defend his fatherland from the fascist invaders, thus leaving his children and wife to the mercy of fate.

At the front, for the protagonist, those terrible trials begin that turned his life upside down. Andrei learns that his wife, daughter and youngest son were killed in an air attack. He takes this loss very hard, as he feels his own guilt in what happened to his family.

However, Andrei Sokolov has something to live for, he left his eldest son, who during the war was able to achieve significant success in military affairs, and was the only support of his father. In the last days of the war, fate prepared for Sokolov the last crushing blow of his son, his opponents kill him.

At the end of the war, the main character is morally broken and does not know how to live on: he lost his loved ones, his home was destroyed. Andrei gets a job as a driver in a neighboring village and gradually begins to get drunk.

As you know, fate, pushing a person into the abyss, always leaves him a small straw, on which, if desired, you can get out of it. Salvation for Andrey was a meeting with a little orphan boy, whose parents died at the front.

Vanechka never saw his father and reached out to Andrei, as he longed for the love and attention that the main character showed him. The dramatic peak in the story is Andrei's decision to lie to Vanechka that he is his own father.

The unfortunate child, who in life did not know love, affection and kindness towards himself, throws himself with tears on the neck of Andrei Sokolov and begins to say that he remembered him. So, in fact, two destitute orphans begin a joint life path. They found salvation in each other. Each of them has the meaning of life.

The moral "core" of Andrey Sokolov's character

Andrei Sokolov had a real inner core, high ideals of spirituality, steadfastness and patriotism. In one of the episodes of the story, the author tells us about how, exhausted by hunger and labor work in a concentration camp, Andrei was still able to maintain his human dignity: for a long time he refused food that the Nazis offered him before they threatened to kill him.

The firmness of his character aroused respect even among the German murderers, who eventually took pity on him. The bread and bacon that they gave the protagonist as a reward for his pride, Andrey Sokolov divided among all his starving cellmates.

The name of M. A. Sholokhov is known to all mankind. In the early spring of 1946, that is, in the first post-war spring, M.A. Sholokhov accidentally met an unknown person on the road and heard his story-confession. For ten years the writer nurtured the idea of ​​the work, the events were becoming a thing of the past, and the need to speak out was increasing. And in 1956 he wrote the story "The Fate of Man". This is a story about great suffering and great resilience of a simple Soviet man. The best features of the Russian character, thanks to the strength of which the victory in the Great Patriotic War was won, M. Sholokhov embodied in the main character of the story - Andrei Sokolov. These are traits such as perseverance, patience, modesty, a sense of human dignity.

Andrey Sokolov is a tall, round-shouldered man, his hands are large and dark from hard work. He was dressed in a burnt padded jacket, which was darned by an inept male hand, and his general appearance was unkempt. But in the guise of Sokolov, the author emphasizes “eyes, as if sprinkled with ashes; filled with such inescapable longing. Yes, and Andrey begins his confession with the words: “Why did you, life, cripple me like that? Why did you mess it up like that?" And he can not find the answer to this question.

Before us is the life of an ordinary person, the Russian soldier Andrei Sokolov. . From childhood, he learned how much the “pound is dashing”, fought against the enemies of Soviet power during the civil war. Then he leaves his native Voronezh village for the Kuban. Returns home, works as a carpenter, mechanic, driver, creates a family.

With heartfelt trepidation, Sokolov recalls his pre-war life, when he had a family, he was happy. The war broke the life of this man, tore him away from home, from his family. Andrei Sokolov goes to the front. From the beginning of the war, in its very first months, he was twice wounded, shell-shocked. But the worst was waiting for the hero ahead - he falls into Nazi captivity.

Sokolov had to experience inhuman torments, hardships, torments. For two years Andrei Sokolov endured the horrors of fascist captivity. He tried to escape, but unsuccessfully, dealt with a coward, a traitor who is ready, to save his own skin, to betray the commander.

Andrei did not drop the dignity of a Soviet person in a duel with the commandant of a concentration camp. Although Sokolov was exhausted, exhausted, exhausted, he was still ready to face death with such courage and endurance that even a fascist was struck by this. Andrei still manages to escape, he again becomes a soldier. But troubles still haunt him: his home was destroyed, his wife and daughter were killed by a Nazi bomb. In a word, Sokolov now lives only in the hope of meeting his son. And this meeting took place. For the last time, the hero stands at the grave of his son, who died in the last days of the war.

It seemed that after all the trials that fell to the lot of one person, he could become embittered, break down, withdraw into himself. But this did not happen: realizing how hard the loss of relatives and joyless loneliness, he adopts the boy Vanyusha, whose parents were taken away by the war. Andrei warmed, made happy the orphan soul, and thanks to the warmth and gratitude of the child, he himself began to return to life. The story with Vanyushka is, as it were, the final line in the story of Andrei Sokolov. After all, if the decision to become Vanyushka's father means saving the boy, then the subsequent action shows that Vanyushka also saves Andrei, gives him the meaning of his future life.

I think that Andrei Sokolov is not broken by his difficult life, he believes in his strength, and despite all the hardships and hardships, he still managed to find the strength in himself to continue living on and enjoy his life!

The image of Andrei Sokolov in the story of M. A. Sholokhov "The Fate of a Man"

The story of M. Sholokhov "The Fate of a Man" is one of the peak works of the writer. In the center of it is the confession of a simple Russian man who went through two wars, survived the inhuman torments of captivity and not only retained his moral principles, but also turned out to be able to give love and care to the orphan Vanyushka. The life path of Andrei Sokolov was a path of trials. He lived in dramatic times: the story mentions the civil war, famine, the years of recovery from devastation, the first five-year plans. But it is characteristic that in the story these times are only mentioned, without the usual ideological labels and political assessments, simply as conditions of existence. The attention of the protagonist is focused on something completely different. In detail, with undisguised admiration, he speaks about his wife, about children, about the work that he liked (“cars lured me”), about this other prosperity (“children eat porridge with milk, there is a roof over their heads, dressed, shod, it became be all right). These simple earthly values ​​are the main moral acquisitions of Andrei Sokolov in the pre-war period, this is his moral basis.

There are no political, ideological, or religious guidelines, but there are eternal, universal, universal concepts (wife, children, home, work), filled with the warmth of cordiality. They became Andrei Sokolov's spiritual pillars for the rest of his life, and he enters the apocalyptic trials of the Great Patriotic War as a fully formed person. All subsequent events in the life of Andrei Sokolov are a test of these moral foundations "for a break." The culmination of the story is an escape from captivity and a direct clash with the Nazis. It is very important that Andrei Sokolov treats them with some kind of epic calmness. This calmness comes from the respectful idea of ​​the primordial essence of man brought up in him. This is the reason for Andrei Sokolov's naive, at first glance, surprise when confronted with the barbaric cruelty of the Nazis and stunned before the fall of the personality, corrupted by the ideology of fascism.

Andrei's clash with the Nazis is a struggle between healthy morality based on the world experience of the people and the world of anti-morality. The essence of Andrey Sokolov's victory lies not only in the fact that he forced Muller himself to capitulate to the human dignity of a Russian soldier, but also in the fact that, with his proud behavior, at least for a moment he awakened something human in Muller and his drinking companions (“they also laughed "," they look kind of softer "). The test of the moral principles of Andrei Sokolov is not limited to the death throes of fascist captivity. The news of the death of his wife and daughter, the death of his son on the last day of the war, and the orphanhood of another child, Vanyushka, are also trials. And if in clashes with the Nazis Andrei retained his human dignity, his resistance to evil, then in trials of his own and other people's misfortune, he reveals an unspent sensitivity, an uncorroded need to give warmth and care to others. An important feature of the life path of Andrei Sokolov is that he constantly judges himself: “Until my death, until my last hour, I will die, and I won’t forgive myself for pushing her away then!” This is the voice of conscience, elevating a person above the circumstances of life. In addition, each turn in the fate of the hero is marked by his heartfelt reaction to his own and other people's actions, events, the course of life: “The heart is still, as I remember, as if they are cut with a blunt knife ...”, “When you remember the inhuman torment ... the heart is no longer in the chest , but it beats in the throat, and it becomes difficult to breathe, ”“ my heart broke ... ”At the end of Andrey Sokolov’s confession, an image of a big human heart appears, which has taken in all the troubles of the world, a heart spent on love for people, on protecting life.

M. Sholokhov's story "The Fate of a Man" convinces us that the meaning of history, its driving "motor" is the struggle between humanity, grown on the centuries-old experience of folk life, and everything that is hostile to the "simple laws of morality." And only those who have absorbed these organic human values ​​into their flesh and blood, “brought heart” to them, can with the strength of their souls resist the nightmare of dehumanization, save life, protect the meaning and truth of human existence itself.